Lipid metabolism

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lipid metabolism refers to the processes that involve the creation and degradation of lipids.

The types of lipids involved include:

• bile salts
• cholesterols
• eicosanoids
• glycolipids
• ketone bodies
• fatty acids (see also fatty acid metabolism)
• phospholipids
• sphingolipids
• steroid (see also steroidogenesis)
• triacylglycerols

[edit] External links

• MeSH Lipid+metabolism
• http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/622overview.html
• http://web.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/lipid-synthesis.html

v • d • e Metabolism: lipid metabolism - triglyceride and fatty acid enzymes Lipid production ATP citrate lyase - Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Fatty acid synthesis/Fatty acid synthase: Beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase - Β-Ketoacyl ACP reductase - 3-Hydroxyacyl ACP dehydrase - Enoyl ACP reductase triacyl glycerol: Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase - Thiokinase Lipid degradation Acyl transport: Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I - Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase - Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II Beta oxidation/Mitochondrial trifunctional protein: Acyl CoA dehydrogenase (ACADL, ACADM, ACADS, ACADVL) - Enoyl-CoA hydratase - 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase - Acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase to acetyl-CoA: Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase unsaturated (Enoyl CoA isomerase, 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase) odd chain (Propionyl-CoA carboxylase) aldehydes (Long-chain-aldehyde dehydrogenase) see also disorders

v • d • e Metabolism: lipid metabolism - eicosanoid metabolism enzymes Prostanoids Cyclooxygenase - Thromboxane-A synthase - Prostacyclin synthase - Prostaglandin E synthase - Prostaglandin D2 synthase Leukotrienes Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase - 5-Lipoxygenase activating protein - Leukotriene A4 hydrolase - Leukotriene C4 synthase

v • d • e Metabolism: lipid metabolism - glycolipid/sphingolipid enzymes To glycosphingolipid Glycosyltransferase - Sulfotransferase To ceramide From ganglioside: Beta-galactosidase - Hexosaminidase A - Neuraminidase - Beta-galactosidase - Glucocerebrosidase From globoside: Hexosaminidase B - Alpha-galactosidase - Beta-galactosidase - Glucocerebrosidase From sphingomyelin: Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1 From sulfatide: Arylsulfatase A - Galactosylceramidase To sphingosine Ceramidase Other Serine C-palmitoyltransferase (SPTLC1) see also lipid storage disorders

v • d • e Metabolism: lipid metabolism - ketones/mevalonate pathway/cholesterol synthesis enzymes To HMG-CoA Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase - HMG-CoA synthase (regulated step) Ketogenesis HMG-CoA lyase - 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase - Thiophorase To Mevalonic acid HMG-CoA reductase To DMAPP Mevalonate kinase - Phosphomevalonate kinase - Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase - Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase To Cholesterols Dimethylallyltranstransferase - Geranyl pyrophosphate - Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase - Squalene monooxygenase - Lanosterol synthase - CYP51A1 To Bile acids Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase see also intermediates