Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

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glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (soluble)
Identifiers
Symbol	GPD1
Entrez	2819
HUGO	4455
OMIM	138420
RefSeq	NM_005276
UniProt	P21695
Other data
EC number	1.1.1.8
Locus	Chr. 12 q12-q13

glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (mitochondrial)
Identifiers
Symbol	GPD2
Entrez	2820
HUGO	4456
OMIM	138430
RefSeq	NM_000408
UniProt	P43304
Other data
EC number	1.1.1.8
Locus	Chr. 2 q24.1

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) is an nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (aka glycerone phosphate, outdated).

Older terms for glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase include alpha glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (alphaGPDH) and glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH). However, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is not the same as Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) whose substrate is an aldehyde not an alcohol.

Contents 1 Reaction 2 Glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle 3 See also 4 External links 5 References 6 External links

[edit] Reaction

The reaction catalyzed by cytosolic GPDH is as follows:

[edit] Glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle

Main article: Glycerol phosphate shuttle

The cytosolic together with the mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase work in concert. Oxidation of cytoplasmic NADH by the cytosolic form of the enzyme creates glycerol-3-phosphate from dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Once the Glycerol-3-phosphate has moved through the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane it can then be oxidised by a separate isoform of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. This differ as it is instead FADH2 linked. As a result there is a net loss in energy, comparable to 1 ATP. Illustrated here [1].

[edit] See also

• substrate pages: glycerol 3-phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate
• related topics: glycerol phosphate shuttle, creatine kinase, glycolysis, gluconeogenesis

[edit] External links

• equivalent entries: MeSH alphaGPDH and GPDH

[edit] References

• IUBMB entry for 1.1.1.8
• BRENDA references for 1.1.1.8 (Recommended.)
• PubMed references for 1.1.1.8
• PubMed Central references for 1.1.1.8
• Google Scholar references for 1.1.1.8

[edit] External links

• Yeast genome database GO term: GPDH
• enzyme no. -2053504966 at GPnotebook

• IUBMB entry for 1.1.1.8

• KEGG entry for 1.1.1.8

• BRENDA entry for 1.1.1.8

• NiceZyme view of 1.1.1.8

• EC2PDB: PDB structures for 1.1.1.8

• PRIAM entry for 1.1.1.8

• PUMA2 entry for 1.1.1.8

• IntEnz: Integrated Enzyme entry for 1.1.1.8

• MetaCyc entry for 1.1.1.8

• Atomic-resolution structures of enzymes belonging to this class

v • d • e Oxidoreductases: alcohol oxidoreductases (EC 1.1) 1.1.1 NAD/NADP acceptor Carbohydrate dehydrogenases - Alcohol dehydrogenase - Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase - L-xylulose reductase - Aldose reductase - Lactate dehydrogenase - 3-Hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase - Malate dehydrogenase - Isocitrate dehydrogenase - Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase - HMG-CoA reductase - Β-Ketoacyl ACP reductase - Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: 11 Beta (HSD11B1, HSD11B2) - 3 Beta (3-beta-HSD) - 17 Beta - Carnitine dehydrogenase - Beta-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase - IMP dehydrogenase - DXP reductoisomerase - L-threonine dehydrogenase 1.1.2 cytochrome acceptor Mannitol dehydrogenase (cytochrome) - D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) - D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome c-553) 1.1.3 oxygen acceptor Glucose oxidase - L-gulonolactone oxidase - Xanthine oxidase 1.1.4 disulfide as acceptor Vitamin K epoxide reductase - Vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive) 1.1.5 quinone/similar acceptor Quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase 1.1.99 other acceptors Choline dehydrogenase