TAS2R38

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Taste receptor, type 2, member 38
Identifiers
Symbol(s) TAS2R38; PTC; T2R61
External IDs OMIM: 607751 MGI: 2681306 HomoloGene: 47976
Orthologs
Human Mouse
Entrez 5726 387513
Ensembl ENSG00000183609 ENSMUSG00000058250
Uniprot P59533 A0PK79
Refseq NM_176817 (mRNA)
NP_789787 (protein)		 NM_001001451 (mRNA)
NP_001001451 (protein)
Location Chr 7: 141.32 - 141.32 Mb Chr 6: 40.54 - 40.54 Mb
Pubmed search [1] [2]

TAS2R38 is a bitter taste receptor[1][2] which facilitates the tasting of phenylthiocarbamide (PTC)[3] and propylthiouracil (PROP), [4], although it does not explain supertasting [5].

Contents

[edit] References

  1. ^ Conte C, Ebeling M, Marcuz A, Nef P, Andres-Barquin PJ (2002). "Identification and characterization of human taste receptor genes belonging to the TAS2R family". Cytogenet. Genome Res. 98 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1159/000068546. PMID 12584440. 
  2. ^ Drayna D, Coon H, Kim UK, Elsner T, Cromer K, Otterud B, Baird L, Peiffer AP, Leppert M (2003). "Genetic analysis of a complex trait in the Utah Genetic Reference Project: a major locus for PTC taste ability on chromosome 7q and a secondary locus on chromosome 16p". Hum. Genet. 112 (5-6): 567–72. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-0911-y. PMID 12624758. 
  3. ^ Prodi DA, Drayna D, Forabosco P, Palmas MA, Maestrale GB, Piras D, Pirastu M, Angius A (2004). "Bitter taste study in a sardinian genetic isolate supports the association of phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity to the TAS2R38 bitter receptor gene". Chem. Senses 29 (8): 697–702. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh074. PMID 15466815. 
  4. ^ Duffy VB, Davidson AC, Kidd JR, Kidd KK, Speed WC, Pakstis AJ, Reed DR, Snyder DJ, Bartoshuk LM (2004). "Bitter receptor gene (TAS2R38), 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) bitterness and alcohol intake". Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. 28 (11): 1629–37. doi:10.1097/01.ALC.0000145789.55183.D4.. PMID 15547448. 
  5. ^ Hayes JE, Bartoshuk LM, Kidd JR, Duffy VB (2008). "Supertasting and PROP Bitterness Depends on More Than the TAS2R38 Gene". Chem Senses 33 (3): 255–65. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjm084. PMID 18209019. 

[edit] Further reading

  • Margolskee RF (2002). "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (1): 1–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.R100054200. PMID 11696554. 
  • Montmayeur JP, Matsunami H (2002). "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.". Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12 (4): 366–71. PMID 12139982. 
  • Kim UK, Drayna D (2005). "Genetics of individual differences in bitter taste perception: lessons from the PTC gene.". Clin. Genet. 67 (4): 275–80. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2004.00361.x. PMID 15733260. 
  • Anne-Spence M, Falk CT, Neiswanger K, et al. (1984). "Estimating the recombination frequency for the PTC-Kell linkage.". Hum. Genet. 67 (2): 183–6. PMID 6745938. 
  • Bufe B, Hofmann T, Krautwurst D, et al. (2002). "The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-glucopyranosides.". Nat. Genet. 32 (3): 397–401. doi:10.1038/ng1014. PMID 12379855. 
  • Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. 
  • Zhang Y, Hoon MA, Chandrashekar J, et al. (2003). "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways.". Cell 112 (3): 293–301. PMID 12581520. 
  • Conte C, Ebeling M, Marcuz A, et al. (2003). "Identification and characterization of human taste receptor genes belonging to the TAS2R family.". Cytogenet. Genome Res. 98 (1): 45–53. doi:10.1159/000068546. PMID 12584440. 
  • Kim UK, Jorgenson E, Coon H, et al. (2003). "Positional cloning of the human quantitative trait locus underlying taste sensitivity to phenylthiocarbamide.". Science 299 (5610): 1221–5. doi:10.1126/science.1080190. PMID 12595690. 
  • Drayna D, Coon H, Kim UK, et al. (2003). "Genetic analysis of a complex trait in the Utah Genetic Reference Project: a major locus for PTC taste ability on chromosome 7q and a secondary locus on chromosome 16p.". Hum. Genet. 112 (5-6): 567–72. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-0911-y. PMID 12624758. 
  • Scherer SW, Cheung J, MacDonald JR, et al. (2003). "Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology.". Science 300 (5620): 767–72. doi:10.1126/science.1083423. PMID 12690205. 
  • Wooding S, Kim UK, Bamshad MJ, et al. (2004). "Natural selection and molecular evolution in PTC, a bitter-taste receptor gene.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 74 (4): 637–46. doi:10.1086/383092. PMID 14997422. 
  • Pronin AN, Tang H, Connor J, Keung W (2005). "Identification of ligands for two human bitter T2R receptors.". Chem. Senses 29 (7): 583–93. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh064. PMID 15337684. 
  • Prodi DA, Drayna D, Forabosco P, et al. (2005). "Bitter taste study in a sardinian genetic isolate supports the association of phenylthiocarbamide sensitivity to the TAS2R38 bitter receptor gene.". Chem. Senses 29 (8): 697–702. doi:10.1093/chemse/bjh074. PMID 15466815. 
  • Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334. 
  • Fischer A, Gilad Y, Man O, Pääbo S (2005). "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.". Mol. Biol. Evol. 22 (3): 432–6. doi:10.1093/molbev/msi027. PMID 15496549. 
  • Go Y, Satta Y, Takenaka O, Takahata N (2006). "Lineage-specific loss of function of bitter taste receptor genes in humans and nonhuman primates.". Genetics 170 (1): 313–26. doi:10.1534/genetics.104.037523. PMID 15744053. 

[edit] See also

[edit] External links


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v • d • e
Transmembrane receptor: G protein-coupled receptors
Class A: Rhodopsin like
Acetylcholine (M1, M2, M3, M4, M5) - Adrenergic (α1 (A, B, D), α2 (A, B, C), β1, β2, β3) - Adrenomedullin - Anaphylatoxin (C3a, C5a) - Angiotensin (1, 2) - Apelin - Bile acid - Bombesin (BRS3, GRPR, NMBR) - Bradykinin (B1, B2) - Cannabinoid (CB1, CB2) - Chemokine - Cholecystokinin (A, B) - Dopamine (D1, D2, D3, D4, D5) - Eicosanoid (CysLT (1, 2), LTB4 (1, 2), FPRL1, OXE, Prostaglandin ((DP (1, 2), EP (1, 2, 3, 4), PGF, Prostacyclin, Thromboxane) - EBI2 - Endothelin (A, B) - Estrogen - Formyl peptide (1, L1, L2) - Free fatty acid (1, 2, 3, 4) - FSH - Galanin (1, 2, 3) - Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1, 2) - GPR (1, 3, 4, 6, 12, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 37, 39, 42, 44, 45, 50, 52, 55, 61, 62, 63, 65, 68, 75, 77, 78, 79, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 92, 101, 103, 119, 120, 132, 135, 139, 141, 142, 146, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 160, 161, 162, 171, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 182) - Ghrelin - Histamine (H1, H2, H3, H4) - Kisspeptin - Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin - Lysophospholipid (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) - MAS (1, 1L, D, E, F, G, X1, X2, X3, X4) - Melanocortin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - MCHR (1, 2) - Melatonin (1A, 1B)- Motilin - neuromedin (B, U (1, 2)) - Neuropeptide (B/W (1, 2), FF (1, 2), S, Y (1, 2, 4, 5)) - Neurotensin (1, 2) - Opioid (Delta, Kappa, Mu, Nociceptin, but not Sigma) - Olfactory - Opsin (3, 4, 5, 1LW, 1MW, 1SW, RGR, RRH) - Orexin (1, 2) - Oxytocin - Oxoglutarate - PAF - Prokineticin (1, 2) - Prolactin-releasing peptide - Protease-activated (1, 2, 3, 4) - Purinergics (Adenosine (A1, A2a, A2b, A3), P2Y, (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)) - Relaxin (1, 2, 3, 4) - Somatostatin (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) - Serotonin, all but 5-HT3 (5-HT1 (A, B, D, E, F), 5-HT2 (A, B, C), 5-HT (4, 5A, 6, 7)) - SREB - Succinate - TAAR (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9) - Tachykinin (1, 2, 3) - Thyrotropin - Thyrotropin-releasing hormone - Urotensin-II - Vasopressin (1A, 1B, 2)
Class B: Secretin like
Class C: Metabotropic
glutamate / pheromone
Calcium-sensing receptor - GABA B (1, 2) - Glutamate receptor (Metabotropic glutamate (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8)) - GPRC6A - GPR (156, 158, 179) - RAIG (1, 2, 3, 4) - Taste receptors (TAS1R (1, 2, 3) TAS2R (1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50))
Frizzled / Smoothened
Frizzled (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) - Smoothened