Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/A4

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1. Andreas Ii JE ...
2. Andreas JE A legendary Jewish pope. According to an old Spanish document discovered among some penitential liturgies by Eliezer Ashkenazi...
3. Andreas Beltran JE ...
4. Johannes Andreas JE Of Xativa; a convert to Christianity in the sixteenth century; his Jewish name is unknown. In his conversionist zeal he addressed...
5. Andreas Lucuas JE ...
6. Richard Andree JE German ethnographer and geographer; since 1890 editor of "Globus"; born 1835 at Brunswick. In 1881 he produced "Zur Volkskunde...
7. Andrew JE 1. Commonly known as Saint Andrew; one of the twelve apostles of Jesus; brother of Simon Peter. Both Andrew and Peter were...
8. Androgynos (hermaphrodite) JE Rabbinical literature knows both the mythical and the real hermaphrodite: the former in the Haggadah, the latter in the Halakah...
9. Andronicus Comnenus JE Byzantine emperor; born in 1113; assassinated at Constantinople in 1185; reigned in 1183-85. He wrote a book against the Jews...
10. Son Of Meshullam Andronicus JE Lived in the second century B.C. According to Josephus ("Ant." xiii. 3, § 4), he was the representative of the Jews in...
11. Anecdotes JE One of the many links that help to bind Jews together throughout the world is the number of Anecdotes dealing with Jewish...
12. Aner JE One of the three Amorite lords of the hill-country of western Palestine confederate with Abram (Gen. xiv. 13). When a fugitive...
13. Abraham Angel JE A Turkish Talmudist and author who flourished at the beginning of the nineteenth century. He published "Pittuḥe &#7716...
14. Baruch Angel JE A Talmudic author and principal of the Talmudic colleges of Salonica and Smyrna in the first half of the seventeenth century...
15. Angel Ben Hayyim JE A Turkish commentator on the Bible; lived at Salonica in the last half of the eighteenth century. He wrote "'Eẓ...
16. Hayyim Vidal Ben Shabbethai Angel JE Turkish rabbi and preacher, who flourished at Salonica about the middle of the eighteenth century. He wrote: "Sippur ha-&#7716...
17. Angel, Meir Ben Abraham, of Belgrade JE A renowned preacher who lived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, and died in Safed (Palestine) after having traveled...
18. Moses Angel JE Headmaster of the London Jews' Free School; born April 29, 1819, and died at London, in 1898. He received his early training...
19. Shemaiah Angel JE Banker and philanthropist of Damascus; died in 1874. He was a great benefactor to his brethren in Syria and to the inhabitants...
20. Angelo Di Manuele JE See Manuele. #Angelology JE Angelology is that branch of theology which treats of angels. Angels (from αγγελōς = messenger...
21. Angelus JE A Jewish merchant in Rome in the thirteenth century, who, with other merchants— Sabbatinus, Museus, Salamon, and Consiliolus&#8212...
22. Anger JE A violent passion aroused by some wrong experienced; vengeance is sought upon the one who committed or caused it. It includes...
23. Anglo-israelism JE A theory which identifies the Anglo-Saxon race with the Lost Ten Tribes. Its adherents, who claim that the promises given...
24. Anglo-jewish Association JE An organization formed by Jews of the British empire having for its objects the promotion of social, moral, and intellectual...
25. Anglo-jewish Historical Exhibition JE An exposition held at the Royal Albert Hall, London, England, during April, May, and June, 1887, in which were collected and...
26. The Anglo-jewish Magazine JE ...
27. AngoulÊme JE Town in the department of Charente, France, where, about 1240, a controversy took place between Nathan ben Joseph Official...
28. Angro-mainyush JE ...
29. David Angyal (engel) JE Hungarian writer; born November 30, 1857. After graduating from the University of Budapest he was appointed high-school teacher...
30. Anhalt JE An ancient principality of Germany, now a state of the German empire; formerly divided into four duchies: Anhalt-Bernburg...
31. Ani, Anida, JE Among Spanish Jews, a dish composed of beans, peas, fat meat, and eggs, placed in an oven over Friday night, and eaten at...
32. Anilai JE Robber chieftains. Two Jewish boys of Nehardea in Babylonia were apprenticed by their widowed mother to a weaver. Having been...
33. Animal Fables In Talmud And Midrash JE ...
34. Animal Offerings JE ...
35. Animal Worship JE This is an expression which needs careful definition, since it is understood and explained in various ways. A distinction...
36. Clean And Unclean Animals JE ...
37. Animals Of The Bible JE To contrast them with plants and minerals, animals are called in Hebrew (living soul): used always collectively in Gen. i...
38. An'im Zemirot JE A mystical hymn, known as the "Shir ha-Kabod" (Hymn of Glory), ascribed to R. Judah, the saint of Speyer (Landshuth, "Hegyon...
39. Anise JE See Dill. This article has not yet been rated. ...
40. Ilia Sharbatovich Anisimov JE Russian civil engineer; born in Daghestan, 1853; received his first education in the house of his father, Dr. Sharbat ben...
41. Anjou JE Ancient province of France, bounded by Poitou, Brittany, Maine, and Touraine. It now includes the whole of the department...
42. Ankava (ankoa) JE See Alnaqua, Ephraim ben Israel. This article is Rated: 2.66 ...
43. Abraham Ben Mordecai Ankava JE North-African Talmudist, author, and liturgical poet; born at Fez, Morocco, about the beginning of the nineteenth century...
44. Jacob Ben Amram Ankava JE Translator; lived in Algeria in the nineteenth century. He translated from Spanish into Arabic a treatise onthe laws to be...
45. Anklet JE An ornament for the ankle, alluded to by Isaiah (iii. 18) in the list of articles of jewelry that the women of that day were...
46. Anna JE 1. Tobit's wife, of his own kindred (Tobit i. 9), consanguineous marriages being regarded by the pious Jews of old as...
47. Anna JE Daughter of Rabbi Eleazar of Worms; lived at Erfurt, where she died as martyr by the hand of Crusaders, Dec. 6, 1213 or 1214...
48. Anna JE Daughter of R. Meir of Ramerupt, sister of Rabbenu Tam and Rashbam, and granddaughter of Rashi; a learned woman of Champagne...
49. Anna JE ...
50. Anna Bekorenu JE A Pizmon for the Eve of Atonement, according to the Sephardic ritual, taking the place occupied by "Omnam Ken" and "Ki Hinneh...
51. Anna Ivanovna JE Empress of Russia; born Feb. 8, 1693; crowned 1730; died Oct. 28, 1740. After the death of Peter the Great (Feb. 8, 1725)...
52. Annas JE Son of Sethi, or Seth (Josephus, "Ant." xviii. 2, § 1), a Jewish high priest. He was appointed to the office by Quirinus...
53. Annius Rufus JE Procurator of Judea from the year 12-15 (Josephus, "Ant." xviii. 2, § 2).A. Bü. ...
54. Anniversary Of Death JE ...
55. The Annual Hebrew Magazine JE ...
56. The Anointed Of The Lord JE ...
57. Anointing JE Two words are employed in the Old Testament for Anointing, and . The former designates the private use of unguents in making...
58. Anonymous Works JE Hebrew anonymous literature is coeval with the literature of the nation. The Bible mentions two anonymous historical works:...
59. Ansbach JE Ancient town of Bavaria, Germany; the capital of Middle Franconia, situated on the Rezat, twenty-five miles southwest of Nuremberg...
60. Anschel JE Rabbi at Cracow; flourished in the first half of the sixteenth century. He was the author of "Mirkebet ha-Mishneh" (The Second...
61. Anschel Norden De Lima JE ...
62. Solomon Anschel JE German author; lived in southern Germany at the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century. He wrote...
63. Worms Anschel JE See Asher ben Wolf. This article is Rated: 1.5 ...
64. Anschelm JE Chief rabbi of several German provinces. He was appointed to the office of chief rabbi in the year 1435 by Conrad of Weinsberg...
65. Anshe Keneset Ha-gedolah JE ...
66. Joel Anspach JE French religious writer; born about 1800; died September, 1872. He was the only brother of Philippe Anspach. Joel was the...
67. Philippe Anspach JE Honorary counselor to the French Court of Cassation (court of appeal) and officer of the Legion of Honor; born in Metz, 1800...
68. The Ant In Jewish Literature JE In Hebrew , so also in Arabic naml (etymology doubtful); in Aramaic (Targum, Peshito, and Talmud) , which has its equivalent...
69. Book Of Antediluvians JE ...
70. Antelope JE One of a variety of ruminants resembling the deer in many respects. The Revised Version of the Bible has the word "Antelope"...
71. Anthropology JE The science of man, especially in his physical aspects, and of the climatic and social environments determining those aspects...
72. Anthropomorphism JE The ascription to the Deity of human forms or modes and of human feelings or moods, respectively. Such ascription is as old...
73. Antibi JE Chief rabbi at Aleppo; died March 13, 1858. His book of responsa, "Ohel Yesharim" (The Tent of the Righteous), arranged according...
74. Antibla JE A family of proselytes living at Jerusalem in the first century B.C., which had been in prosperous circumstances, but was...
75. Antichrist JE Counterpart of the Messiah and opponent of God Himself; one of the most important personages in Christian eschatology. The...
76. Antigonus (antoninus) JE Palestinian scholar of the last tannaitic generation (second and third centuries). Only two Haggadot (Mek., Beshalla&#7717...
77. Son of John Hyrcanus Antigonus JE Born about 135 B.C., died 103. He was Hyrcanus' second son, and, though young, proved an able soldier during his father&#39...
78. Antigonus Mattathias JE The last Hasmonean king of Judea; died 37 B.C. He was the second son of Aristobulus II., and together with his father was...
79. Antigonus Of Soko JE The first scholar of whom Pharisaic tradition has preserved not only the name but also an important theological doctrine....
80. L' Anti-juif JE A name assumed by nine different publications issued in France and Algiers and directed against the Jews. In nearly every...
81. The Anti-maimonists JE ...
82. AntinoË JE City in the South of Middle Egypt, on the eastern bank of the Nile; founded by the emperor Hadrian in the year 122. Jews seem...
83. Antinomianism JE A term generally used to denote the opposition of certain Christian sects to the Law; that is, to the revelation of the Old...
84. Antioch JE Ancient capital of Syria, situated in the northern part of that country, fifty-seven miles west of Aleppo, on the left bank...
85. Antiochus Ii JE King of Syria (261-246 B.C.); date of birth unknown, but set by some chronologists at 286 B.C.; died 246. He is the first...
86. Antiochus Iii The Great JE King of Syria; born about 242 B.C.; reigned from 223; died 187. Eleven verses of Daniel (xi. 10-21) are supposed by critics...
87. Epiphanes Antiochus Iv JE ("the Illustrious"): King of Syria; reigned from 175 B.C.; died 164. He was a son of Antiochus the Great, and, after the murder...
88. Eupator Antiochus V JE ("Well-born"): King of Syria, son of Antiochus IV.; born 173 B.C.; died 162. He succeeded his father at the age of twelve...
89. Antiochus Vi JE King of Syria, son of Alexander Balas; died 142 B.C. Like his predecessor, Antiochus VI. was king only in name. He was proclaimed...
90. Sidetes Antiochus Vii JE King of Syria, son of Demetrius 1; born 164; died 129 B.C. In 138 B.C. he declared against the usurper Tryphon, who had taken...
91. Gryphus Antiochus Viii JE King of Syria from 125 to 113 and from 111 to 96 B.C. Born in the year 141; died 96 B.C. For the first three years of his...
92. Cyzicenus Antiochus Ix JE King of Syria; died 95 B.C. He was the half-brother of Antiochus VIII., the preceding king. He rose against him in 113, and...
93. Dionysus Antiochus Xii JE King of Syria. He was the youngest son of Grypos, and the last of the Seleucids to come in contact with Jews. In a campaign...
94. Scroll Of Antiochus JE Name of a pseudepigraph, written in Hebrew, describing the revolt of the Maccabees, and depicting its glorious course. Saadia...
95. Antipas (herod Antipas) JE Seventh (not sixth, as stated in Graetz, nor third, as in Dean Farrar's biography of the Herods) and, at the time of...
96. Antipater JE Father of Herod I.; died 43 B.C. He was the son of Antipas, a convert to Judaism, who was governor of Idumæa under the...
97. Antipater JE Eldest son of Herod the Great and of the Idumean Doris, who soon after Antipater's birth was discarded by her husband...
98. Son Of Jason Antipater JE See Jonathan the Hasmonean. This article is Rated: 2.89 ...
99. Antipatris JE City founded about the year 10 B.C. by Herod the Great in the plain of Kefar Saba. From a passage in Josephus it appears that...
100. Antiphony JE ...
101. Anti-semitism JE A modern word expressing antagonism to the political and social equality of Jews.The term "Anti-Semitism" has its origin in...
102. Anti-shabbethians JE ...
103. Antislavery Movement In America JE The institution of negro slavery in America has been traced back to the suggestion of a pillar of the Church, Las Casas, who...
104. Antislavery Movement And The Jews JE The movement against slavery is one of the most important efforts in the development of civilization; and the relation of...
105. Anti-talmudists JE ...
106. Nicolas Antoine JE French-Christian theologian who became converted to Judaism; born of Catholic parents in 1602 or 1603 at Briey, a small town...
107. Mark Matveyevich Antokolski JE Russian sculptor; born in Wilna in 1842. As a young child he displayed a talent for art, and after a short term in the &#7717...
108. Antoli JE ...
109. Sanchez Anton JE ...
110. Carl Anton JE Author; born in Mitau (Courland), of Jewish parentage; lived in the eighteenth century. He claimed descent from Ḥayyim...
111. Anton De Mortoro Ropero JE ...
112. Antonia JE The name given by Herod the Great to a fortress on the north side of the Temple at Jerusalem. It formed a projection on the...
113. Antonia JE The younger daughter of the triumvir Mark Antony and sister-in-law of Tiberius. She was on friendly terms with Berenice (the...
114. Princess Of WÜrtemberg Antonia JE A Christian Hebraist and cabalistic scholar, born in the first half of the seventeenth century; died 1679. One of the effects...
115. Antoninus Pius (titus Aurelius Fulvus Boionius Arrius Antoninus) JE Roman emperor; born in the year 86; died in 161; ruled from 138 until his death. The reign of this just and humane emperor...
116. Diogo Antonio JE A physician who lived in Lisbon in the first half of the sixteenth century. In 1539 he succeeded Duarte de Paz as representative...
117. Dom Antonio JE Prior of Crato, pretender to the throne of Portugal; died 1595. He was a natural son of Dom Luis, brother of King Henry of...
118. Hector Antonio JE Brother of Diogo Antonio. He was the representative of the Portuguese Maranos in Rome about the middle of the sixteenth century...
119. JosÉ Da Silva Antonio JE ...
120. Antonio De Mendes JE ...
121. Antonio De Verona JE Italian Jew, resident in England from 1623-25, who seems to have been a teacher—probably of Hebrew—at King&#39...
122. Antunes JE Family name of several prominent Jews. Aaron Antunes: Ḥakam of Amsterdam; lived about the year 1715. He is known...
123. Antwerp JE Chief seaport of the kingdom of Belgium; capital of the province bearing the same name.It is impossible to say at what time...
124. Anusim JE ...
125. Apamea JE Among the many towns bearing this name, the following are of importance with reference to Jews:1. Capital of the province...
126. Apella JE A real or fictitious name of a Jew referred to by Horace as extremely credulous. Credulity seemed to the Roman writers synonymous...
127. Apelles Of Ascalon JE Counselor and companion of the emperor Caligula (37-41). After a career of debauchery he went on the stage and became a tragic...
128. Apes JE These animals are mentioned in I Kings, x. 22, and the parallel passage in II Chron. ix. 21, as having been brought, with...
129. Apharsachites JE A tribe living in Samaria, who objected to the building of the Temple by the Jews, and brought the matter to the attention...
130. Apharsites JE Assyrian subjects transplanted into Samaria by Asnapper. In Ezra, iv. 9, they are found intriguing against the Jews, and this...
131. Aphek JE The name of several places mentioned in the Old Testament, of which the most famous was the scene of a severe defeat of Ben-hadad...
132. The Battle Of Aphek JE This event, described in I Kings, xx. 26-34, was one of the most notable in the prolonged warfare between northern Israel...
133. Aphorisms JE ...
134. The Persian Sage Aphraates JE The name by which a Syrian homilist of the fourth century was known. His homilies, written between the years 337 and 345,...
135. Aphraschus Rachmailowicz JE ...
136. Aphrodite JE Greek name for the goddess of love. Among Orientals, addicted to sensuality, she was worshiped under many forms and figures...
137. Apikoros JE In common Jewish parlance this word is used to signify that a man is a heretic, unsound in his belief, or lax in his religious...
138. Apion JE A Greek grammarian and sophist of Alexandria, noted for his bitter hatred of the Jews; born in the Great Oasis of Egypt between...
139. Apocalypse JE An "Apocalypse," in the terminology of early Jewish and Christian literature, is a revelation of hidden things given by God...
140. Neo-hebraic Apocalyptic Literature JE The Neo-Hebraic apocalyptic forms but one branch of Apocalyptic Literature, a species of literature exhibiting many ramifications...
141. Apocrypha JE The most general definition of Apocrypha is, Writings having some pretension to the character of sacred scripture, or received...
142. Eduard Apolant JE German physician; born at Jastrow, city in Westpreussen, Prussia, Aug. 21, 1847. He was educated at the gymnasium at Deutsch-Krone...
143. Apollinaris JE Bishop of Hierapolis, Phrygia, in 170; author of an "Apology for the Christian Faith," which he addressed to Emperor Marcus...
144. Apollonius JE One of the Judeans who, about 130 B.C., went to Rome to make a covenant or league of friendship with the Romans. He was called...
145. Apollonius JE Greek rhetorician and anti-Jewish writer; flourishedin the first century B.C. He is usually, but not always, designated by...
146. Apollonius Of Tyana JE Pythagorean philosopher and necromancer; born about the year 3 B.C.; died, according to some sources, in the thirtyeighth...
147. Apollos JE A learned Jew of Alexandria, and colaborer of Paul. Of him the following is told (Acts xviii. 24-28): He came (about 56) to...
148. Apologists JE Men of pious zeal who defended both the Jewish religion and the Jewish race against the attacks and accusations of their enemies...
149. ApÔphis JE The Egyptian king under whom, according to some early writers, Joseph came to Egypt, and who, according to Syncellus, flourished...
150. Apoplexy JE A sudden loss or diminution of sensation and of the power of motion, caused by the rupture or plugging up of a blood-vessel...
151. Apostasy And Apostates From Judaism JE Terms derived from the Greek ἀποστασία ("defection, revolt") and ἀ&#960...
152. Apostle And Apostleship JE Apostle (Greek ἀπόστολοσ, from ἀποστήλ&#955...
153. Apostles' Teaching JE ...
154. Daniil Pavlovich Apostol JE Hetman of the Cossacks on both sides of the Dnieper; born in South Russia in 1658; died Dec. 15, 1734. When Catherine I. expelled...
155. Apostoli ApostolÉ JE These two words, while similar in appearance, differ in signification. "Apostolé" was a term given to certain moneys...
156. Apostolic Constitutions JE ...
157. Apostomus JE Among five catastrophes said to have overtaken the Jews on the seventeenth of Tammuz, the Mishnah (Ta'anit iv. 6) includes...
158. Jewish Apothecaries JE ...
159. Abraham Ashkenazi Apotheker JE An apothecary ("aptheker," according to the customary Polish-Jewish syncopated pronunciation) and writer, whose name betokens...
160. David Apotheker JE Judæo-German writer and printer at Philadelphia, Pa.; born in Ponievyezh, gov. Kovno, Russia, Aug. 28, 1855. In 1868...
161. Appeal JE "The carrying of a cause from a lower to a higher tribunal for a rehearing on the merits" is practically unknown to Jewish...
162. Appellanten JE A German word used to designate the assistants of the chief rabbi of Prague; called also "Oberjuristen"; generally three...
163. Apple JE The word "apple" is the commonly accepted translation of tappuaḦ, from the root napaḦ (to exhale = the sweet-scented)...
164. Apple Of Sodom JE A fruit described by Josephus ("B. J." iv. 8, § 4) and Tacitus ("Hist." v. 6) as growing near the site of Sodom, "externally...
165. Appraisement JE The setting of a value by a court of justice either upon property, or upon damage done to person or property. It differs...
166. Approbation JE Primarily, a favorable opinion given by rabbis or scholars as recommendation for a book composed wholly or partly in the...
167. Apt JE A small town, not far from Avignon, in the department of Vaucluse, France. In the Middle Ages it was inhabited by Jews, who...
168. David Aptrod JE ...
169. Apulia JE A district of southern Italy, the limits of which have varied. It is usually regarded as the region bounded by the Frentani...
170. Aqueducts In Palestine JE Palestine, in contradistinction to Egypt, was a land of natural waters rather than of irrigation (Deut. xi. 10, 11), and there...
171. V02p034001jpg) Aquila (Ακύλας JE Translator of the canonical Scriptures from Hebrew into Greek. He was by birth a Gentile from Pontus, and is said by Epiphanius...
172. Raffaele Aquilino JE Italian apostate who renounced his religion in 1545—eight years before the public burning of the Talmud in Rome (1553)&#8212...
173. Louis-henri D' Aquin JE Writer and translator of the seventeenth century; son of Philippe D'Aquin. He was converted to Christianity at Aquino...
174. Philippe D' Aquin JE Hebraist; born at Carpentras about 1578; died at Paris in 1650. Early in life he left his native town and went to Aquino,...
175. Thomas Aquinas JE Most eminent of the Christian theological philosophers of the Middle Ages; born 1227 at Aquino, kingdom of Naples; died 1274...
176. Ar JE Occurs as follows in the Old Testament: Num. xxi. 15, 28; Deut. ii. 9, 18, 29; Isa. xv. 1. It is generally identified with...
177. Arabah JE The Hebrew word Arabah () denotes desert, steppe. With the article, it refers especially to that extensive depression the...
178. Arabah JE ...
179. The Arabarch JE ...
180. Arabia JE Peninsula lying between the mainlands of Africa and Asia. It is separated from Africa on the south by the Red Sea and on the...
181. Arabian Nights JE Popular name of a collection of tales written in Arabic under the title "Alf Lailat wa Lailah" (One Thousand and One Nights)...
182. General View of Arabic-jewish Philosophy JE So thoroughly were the writings of Arabic-speaking Jews influenced by what may be termed Mosaism, that it is necessary to...
183. Use Of Arabic Language Among Jews JE The precise period of the first settlement of Jews in Arabia is unknown, and it is therefore impossible to say when the Arabic...
184. Arabic Literature Of The Jews JE From the time that the Arabs commenced to develop a culture of their own, Jews lived among them and spoke their language....
185. Arabic Philosophy—its Influence On Judaism JE Arabic philosophy dates from the appearance of dissenting sects in Islam. A century had hardly elapsed after Mohammed revealed...
186. Arabic Poetry JE The poetic literature of the Arab Jews, to judge from the specimens handed down, must be about as old as Arabic Poetry in...
187. Arabic Script JE ...
188. Arabic Versions Of The Bible JE ...
189. Arad JE Son of Beriah in the genealogical list of Benjamin (I Chron. viii. 15).2. A Canaanite city in the wilderness of Judah (Judges...
190. Arad (alt-arad) JE A royal free city and market town of Hungary, on the Maros, 145 miles southeast of Budapest. Among the Jewish communities...
191. Aradus JE A Phenician city on the island now called Ruad, eighty miles north of Sidon. It is the Arvad of Ezek. xxvii. 8, 11, the Armad...
192. Arag (arak) JE Village in the district of Kyurin, Daghestan, Transcaucasia, Russia. When the traveler Judah Chorny visited the place in...
193. Aragon JE An independent medieval kingdom, later a province of Spain, in the northeastern part of the Iberian peninsula. Its population...
194. 'arakin JE A treatise of the Mishnah, the Tosefta, and the Babylonian Talmud in the order Ḳodashim. Analysis of the Mishnah. In...
195. Aram JE The name of a group of kindred tribes scattered over portions of Syria, Mesopotamia, and Arabia. It is not the name of a country...
196. Aram-geshur JE An Aramean district and a small kingdom near Maachah (II Sam. xv. 8) (see Aram-Maachah), and associated with it in Josh. xiii...
197. Aram-maachah JE (I Chron. xix. 6): A district south of Damascus, bordering on the trans-Jordanic territory of Manasseh. Maachah is said in...
198. Aram-naharaim JE A region somewhat ill-defined, mentioned six times in the Bible. In the title of Ps. lx., and in I Chron. xix. 6, it is used...
199. Aram-rehob JE A district of Syria, of which the chief city was Rehob or Beth-Rehob, associated with Aram-Zobah as hostile to David. Num...
200. Aram-zobah JE The capital of an Aramean state, at one time of considerable importance. The statement in I Sam. xiv. 47, that its king fought...
201. David Ben Abraham Arama JE Rabbinical author, born in Turkey, 1525; lived in Salonica. When barely twenty years old, he published "Perush 'al Sefer...
202. Isaac Ben Moses Arama JE Spanish rabbi and author; born about 1420; died in Naples 1494. He was at first principal of a rabbinical academy at Zamora...
203. MeÏr Ben Isaac Arama JE Philosopher and Biblical commentator; born at Saragossa at the end of the fifteenth century; died about 1556 in Salonica....
204. Aramaic Language Among The Jews JE Of all Semitic languages the Aramaic is most closely related to the Hebrew, and forms with it, and possibly with the Assyrian...
205. Aramaic Versions JE ...
206. Pedro De Aranda JE Bishop of Calahorra and president of the council of Castile in the latter part of the fifteenth century; was a victim of the...
207. Miksa Aranyi JE Hungarian writer; born at Trencsén, May 13, 1858. He graduated from the university in Budapest, and was sent to Paris...
208. Ararat JE A district in eastern Armenia lying between the lakes Van and Urmia and the river Araxes. The Biblical name corresponds to...
209. Ararat JE A proposed city planned by Mordecai Manuel Noah in 1825. The reactionary policy adopted by many European governments after...
210. Araunah JE A Jebusite whose threshing-floor in Jerusalem was pointed out to David by the prophet Gad as a fitting place for the erection...
211. Abraham Gomez De Arauxo JE Lived in the seventeenth century. He was a member of a poetical academy in Amsterdam, Holland, in 1682, a good mathematician...
212. Daniel Arauxo JE Physician. Lived in the seventeenth century in the city of Amsterdam. In the year 1655 he composed an elegy on the martyr...
213. Arba JE The hero of the Anakim, who lived at Kirjath-arba, a city named in his honor (Josh. xiv. 15). In Josh. xv. 13 and xxi. 11...
214. Arba' AraẒot JE See Council of the Four Lands. This article is Rated: 2.91 ...
215. Arba' Kanfot JE The "four-cornered garment"; a rectangular piece of cloth, usually of wool, about three feet long and one foot wide, with...
216. Arbach Hayyim B Jacob JE ...
217. Arbattis JE A place mentioned in I Mace. v. 23 in connection with Galilee, from both of which districts Simon Maccabeus brought back some...
218. Arbel JE ...
219. Arbela JE In I Mace. ix. 2, Arbela is the district in which Mesaloth was situated, and through which ran the road to Gilgal (for which...
220. Eduardo Arbib JE Italian deputy and author; born at Florence, July 27, 1840. On the death of his father he was obliged to discontinue his studies...
221. Isaac Arbib JE See Arroya, Isaac ben Moses. This article is Rated: 2.89 ...
222. Pedro Arbues JE Spanish canon and inquisitor; called by certain Jews "the creature and darling of Torquemada"; born about 1441 at Epila, Aragon...
223. Arcadius JE Byzantine emperor from 395 to 408. He was too weak a ruler to be able to withstand the influence exerted by his court favorites...
224. Archa JE Technical name in old English Treasury documents for the repository in which chirographs and other deeds were preserved. By...
225. Archagathus JE ...
226. Archelaus JE Son of Herod I.; king of Judea; born about 21 B.C., his mother being the Samaritan Malthace. At the age of fourteen he was...
227. Biblical Archeology JE The branch of archeology that has for its province a scientific presentation of the domestic, civil, and religious institutions...
228. Archery Archer JE The bow as a weapon in war and the chase was familiar to the Hebrews from patriarchal times (Gen. xxi. 20, xxvii. 3, xlviii...
229. Archevites JE A people whom Asnapper brought from Erech or Uruk, a political and religious center of Babylonia, and settled in Samaria....
230. Samuel Ben Elhanan Isaac Archevolti JE Italian grammarian, and poet of the sixteenth century. Many of his piyyuṭim were embodied in the Italian liturgy, notably...
231. Archimedes JE The greatest mathematician of antiquity; born in Syracuse about 287 B.C. His influence on Jewish literature was not extensive...
232. Archipherecites JE Grecized form of the Aramaic = "heads of the school" (pirḳa, literally "chapter," hence "discourse"). The name occurs...
233. Archisynagogue JE Synagogue-chief. The use of this name as the title of the officer who supervised matters pertaining to the religious services...
234. Archite JE Inhabitant of a town or district on the southern border of Judah probably connected with the Erech (A. V. Archi) of Josh....
235. Jewish Architecture JE See Almemar; America, Jewish Architecture in; Ark; Cemeteries;Galleries; Gravestones; Hospitals; New York; Philadelphia; Synagogue...
236. Archives IsraÉlites JE A French Jewish review, founded in 1840 by Samuel Cahen, author of a French translation of the Hebrew Bible. The first number...
237. Archives, Jewish, Of Old Congregation JE See Memorbuch; Pinkes. This article is Rated: 2 ...
238. Archon JE The title of a member of the governing body in the independent Jewish communities throughout the Roman empire, as in Alexandria...
239. Arcturus JE ...
240. Ardashar JE Village in the government of Erivan, Transcaucasia, Russia, about 16 miles South-southeast from the capital of Erivan; the...
241. Ardit ( JE The name of a family that emigrated from Aragon to Turkey, where their descendants still live. The following members are known:...
242. Ardotial (andrutil) Shem-Ṭob Ben Isaac JE Spanish poet; flourished at Soria in the beginning of the fourteenth century. The name has been wrongly transcribed as Androtil...
243. Areka JE ...
244. Arelim JE ...
245. Arendar JE ...
246. Otto Arendt JE German economist, author, and member of the Prussian Diet; born in Berlin, Oct. 10, 1854. He graduated as Ph.D. from the Berlin...
247. Louis Arens JE Operatic singer (tenor); born in Mitau, Russia, March 23, 1865. He was educated at the Riga Gymnasium and studied music at...
248. Samuel Ben Isaac Ben Yom-Ṭob Arepol JE Commentator on the Bible, lived in Safed and Salonica in the sixteenth century. He is author of the following books: "Imrot...
249. Aretas JE Nabatæan king; reigned from 9 B.C. to 40 of the common era. His full title, as given in the inscriptions, was "Aretas...
250. Marquis D' Argens JE See Mendelssohn, Moses. This article is Rated: 1 ...
251. Argentine Republic JE See Agricultural Colonies in America, Buenos Ayres. This article has not...
252. Argob JE 1. A district in Bashan which was taken from Og by the Jews (Deut. iii. 4), and together with the district of Gilead, was...
253. Lewis Aria JE Merchant and philanthropist; died at Portsea in 1874. Of a Sephardic family, he was trained to business and devoted the fortune...
254. Arianism JE A heresy of the Christian Church, started by Arius, bishop of Alexandria (d. 336), who taught that the Son is not equivalent...
255. Joseph Ẓemah (sameh) Arias JE Marano litterateur; flourished in the latter part of the seventeenth century. He belonged to the literary coterie of Joseph...
256. Arias Montanus (benedictus) JE Spanish priest and Orientalist; born in 1527 at Freseenal, Estremadura; died 1598 at Seville. Philip II. entrusted him with...
257. Ariel JE 1. Proper name of a man (Ezra viii. 16). The name is recognizable in the name of the Gadite clan Areli (Gen. xlvi. 16; Num...
258. Joseph Of ArimathÆa JE ...
259. Arioch JE King of Ellasar, one of the four kings who invaded Palestine in the days of Abraham (Gen. xiv. 1, 9). The style of the chapter...
260. Aristai JE A Palestinian scholar of the third amoraic generation (third century); colleague of R. Samuel b. NaḦman. The latter...
261. The Historian Aristeas JE Writer on Jewish history mentioned in Eusebius, "Præp. Ev." ix. 25, who quotes from Alexander Polyhistor's collection...
262. Letter Of Aristeas JE In the guise of a letter to a brother Philokrates, "Aristeas" writes: Contents of the Letter."By the advice of Demetrius...
263. Aristides Mareianus Of Athens JE Christian apologist; lived about the middle of the second century. He is described by Jerome as having been a most eloquent...
264. Aristo Of Pella JE A Christian controversialist who wrote against Judaism in the second century (135-170). He is the author of a "Dialogue Between...
265. Aristobulus I JE King of Judea, eldest son of John Hyrcanus; born about 140 B.C.; died 104. He succeeded his father in the office of high...
266. Aristobulus Ii JE King of Judea; born about 100 B.C.; died 49 B.C. He was the youngest son of Alexander Jannæus, whose political and religious...
267. Aristobulus Iii JE Last scion of the Hasmo nean royal house; brother of Mariamne and paternal grandson of Aristobulus II. He was a favorite of...
268. Aristobulus JE Youngest brother of Agrippa I.; son of Herod's son Aristobulus; flourished during the first half of the first century...
269. Aristobulus JE Son of Herod the Great and Mariamne the Hasmonean; born about 35 B.C.; died 7 B.C. Both he and his elder brother Alexander...
270. Aristobulus Of Paneas JE Alexandrian Peripatetic philosopher; lived in the third or second century B.C. The period of his life is doubtful, Anatolius...
271. Aristotle In Jewish Legend JE As the Greek who most impressed his influence upon the development of the Jewish mind, Aristotle is one of the few Gentiles...
272. Aristotle In Jewish Literature JE One thousand years after his death, Aristotle, as his pupil Alexander had aforetime done, began to conquer the East, and finally...
273. Arithmetic JE The art of reckoning. This must have been familiar to the ancient Hebrews. The sacred books mention large amounts, showing...
274. Ark Of The Covenant JE The first mention of the Ark in the Bible is in Ex. xxv. 10 et seq., where Moses on Mount Sinai is told to have an Ark of...
275. Ark Of The Law JE A closet or chest in which are kept the Torah scrolls used in the public worship of the synagogue. The Ark is placed in or...
276. Ark Of Moses JE For three months Moses was kept hidden by his mother, and when she could no longer conceal him, she made a box and launched...
277. Ark Of Noah JE The vessel occupied by Noah and his family during the Deluge (Gen. vi. 14, vii., viii.).The English name should not be confounded...
278. Arkansas JE One of the South-central states of the United States; admitted June 15, 1836; seceded May 6, 1861; and was readmitted June...
279. Arkite(s) JE Ancient people of northwestern Palestine. In Gen. x. 17, I Chron. i. 15, the Arkite () is mentioned as a son of Canaan and...
280. Joseph Arkovy JE Professor of clinical dentistry at the University of Budapest; born in Budapest, February 8, 1851. He graduated in 1876 from...
281. Arles JE City of France, in the department of Bouches du Rhône; ancient capital of Provence. The date of the settlement of the...
282. Arli(arles), Joseph Judah, JE of Sienna. See Joseph of Arles. This article has not yet been rated. ...
283. Armavir JE The old capital of Armenia, on the southeastern slope of Mount Ahaghöz, said to have been founded by King Armais in 1980...
284. Armenia JE Formerly a kingdom of western Asia, now (1902) apportioned among Russia, Turkey, and Persia. According to the Peshi&#7789...
285. Armenian Version Of Old Testament JE ...
286. Armilus JE In later Jewish eschatology and legend, a king who will arise at the end of time against the Messiah, and will be conquered...
287. Armleder Persecutions JE A series of persecutions by a band of marauders who in 1338-39 massacred a large number of Jews in Alsace. In 1336 a nobleman...
288. Armory JE A word occurring only three times in the A. V. In Jer. 1. 25 it is used figuratively ("The Lord hath opened his armory and...
289. Arms JE ...
290. Army JE This term, here used to designate the defensive force of Israel at all stages of the nation's history, embraces widely...
291. Fischel Arnheim JE Bavarian deputy and lawyer; born at Baireuth, Bavaria, Feb. 23, 1812; died there Jan. 31, 1864. He was destined by his parents...
292. Heymann Arnheim JE German rabbi; born at Wongrowitz, Prussia, Feb. 6, 1796; died there Sept. 22, 1865. While still a child he was left fatherless...
293. Arnhem JE A city of Holland, situated on the Rhine about fifty miles southeast of Amsterdam. No Jews are mentioned in the records of...
294. Arnold JE Cardinal-bishop of Cologne; died April 3, 1151. One of the few prelates who, during the Crusades, protected the Jews from...
295. Arnold Of CÎteaux JE Cistercian monk, who, with the sanction of Pope Innocent III. (1198-1216), incited a crusade against the Albigenses and Jews...
296. Arnon JE A river and wady of eastern Palestine, the modern Wady Mojib (or Wady el-Mojib). The name means perhaps "noisy," a term which...
297. Arnstadt JE Capital of the German principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, on the River Gera. In 1264 (Aug. 5 and 7) there were outbreaks...
298. Benedikt David Arnstein JE Austrian playwright, grandson of the famous Vienna banker Adam Isaac von Arnstein; born in Vienna Oct. 15, 1765; died there...
299. Fanny (vÖgele) Von Arnstein JE A leader of society in Vienna; born in Berlin September 29, 1757; died near Vienna June 8, 1818. Daniel Itzig, the wealthy...
300. Nathan Adam Von Arnstein JE ...
301. Aroer JE A name probably meaning "bushes of dwarf juniper" (Lagarde, "Sem." i. 30), which is applied in the Old Testament to three...
302. Aron Ha-kodesh JE Hebrew name for the Ark in the synagogue. See Ark of the Law. This article...
303. Arnaud Aron JE Chief rabbi of Strasburg, Alsace; born March 11, 1807, in Sulz unterm Walde, Alsace, and died April 3, 1890. Destined for...
304. Emil Aron JE German physician; born at Stettin, Pomerania, March 12, 1864. He received his education at the Werdersche Gymnasium at Berlin...
305. Henry Aron JE French publicist; born in Paris, Nov. 11, 1842; died there Nov. 13, 1885. He was a pupil of the École Normale and obtained...
306. Julius Aronius JE German historian; born Feb. 5, 1861, at Rastenburg, Germany; died June 29, 1893. After completing the gymnasium course, he...
307. Leo Arons JE German physicist and Socialist. Though privat-docent at the University of Berlin he took part in the Socialist movement, and...
308. Rudolph Aronson JE Composer and theatrical manager; born in New York, April 8, 1856. He early manifested talent for music, and after his graduation...
309. Jacob Ezekiel Aronssohn JE German physician and medical writer; born in 1774; died June 12, 1807; obtained his degree of M.D. in 1800; and subsequently...
310. Jacques LÉon Aronssohn JE German physician; born at Metz May 2, 1793; died at Strasburg Sept. 8, 1861. His father, Jacques Aronssohn (died 1845), practised...
311. L Aronstein JE German chemist; born May 25, 1841, at Telgte, Westphalia; graduated from the University of Göttingen in 1864 with the...
312. Philipp Aronstein JE German school-teacher and author; born Dec. 4, 1862, at Halver, province of Westphalia, Prussia. Aronstein received his education...
313. Arpad JE A city of northern Syria, the modern Tell-Erfad, thirteen miles northwest of Aleppo. Itis mentioned in II Kings xviii. 34...
314. Arphaxad JE According to Gen. x. 22, 24; xi. 10-13; and I Chron. i. 17, 18, the third son of Shem. Bochart's identification ("Phaleg...
315. Moses Arragel JE Spanish rabbi; flourished in the first half of the fifteenth century at Maqueda and Guadalfajara, Castile. The name is the...
316. Arras JE Chief city of the department of Pasde-Calais, capital of the ancient Artois, France. According to Gross, the name of this...
317. Isaac Ben Moses Arroyo JE Lived in Salonica toward the end of the sixteenth century. He wrote "Maḳhil Ḳohelet" (The Preacher Preaching)...
318. Arsaces JE Parthian king; according to some scholars, the sixth of that name, mentioned in I Macc. xiv. 2-3, as having entrapped Demetrius...
319. Art Among The Ancient Hebrews JE Material for the formation of an opinion on the art of the ancient Hebrews is extremely scanty, as the vestiges are limited...
320. Attitude Of Judaism Toward Art JE Art, the working out of the laws of beauty in the construction of things, is regarded in the Bible as wisdom resulting from...
321. Arta JE Chief city of the nomarchy of Arthamania, Greece; situated on the Arta, about 7 miles from its mouth. It is the ancient Ambracia...
322. Artaban V JE Last of the Parthian kings; died in the year 227. He was the son of Volageses V., whose throne he ascended about 216, after...
323. Artapanus JE Historian; lived in Alexandria in the second century B.C. He wrote a history of the Jews, parts of which have been preserved...
324. Artaxerxes I JE King of Persia; ascended the throne in 465 B.C., and died in 425 B.C. In the Persian name Artakhshathra ("he whose empire...
325. Artaxerxes Ii JE (originally Arsakes, surnamed Mnemon by the Greeks): The eldest son of Darius II.; succeeded his father in 404 B.C. (Diodorus...
326. Artaxerxes Iii JE A son of Artaxerxes II. He originally bore a name which in Babylonian was written "Umasu" (and therefore in the Ptolemaic...
327. Artemion JE Leader of the Jewish insurrection in Cyprus against Trajan, 117. There are but scanty details of this revolt. According to...
328. Arthur Legend JE The cycle of stories clustering around the semi-mythical hero King Arthur of England, and which finds its place in Jewish...
329. Articles Of Faith JE In the same sense as Christianity or Islam, Judaism can not be credited with the possession of Articles of Faith. Many attempts...
330. Artisans JE The general term for "artisan" in the Bible is "Ḧarash" or "Ḧoresh," which, derived from a verb meaning "to cut...
331. Artisans JE So far as they were allowed by the restrictions of the trade gilds, many Jews of medieval times obtained their livelihood...
332. Benjamin Artom JE Chief rabbi of the Spanish and Portuguese congregation of London; born at Asti, Italy, in 1835; died at Brighton, near London...
333. Isaac Artom JE Italian patriot, diplomat, financier, and author; born at Asti, Piedmont, Dec. 31, 1829; died at Rome Jan. 24, 1900, and was...
334. LÉopold Émile Arton JE French adventurer; born in Strasburg in 1849; settled in Paris in 1871. He was implicated in distributing among statesmen...
335. Aruboth JE A district, probably in the south of Judah, where the son of Hesed, a commissariat officer of Solomon, had his headquarters...
336. 'aruk JE Hebrew expression for "dictionary," corresponding with the Arabic "ta'alif," and derived from "'arak [millin]" (Job...
337. Arumah JE A place in Ephraim not far from Shechem, where Abimelech, the judge, took refuge (Judges ix. 41). It has been identified with...
338. Isaac Aruvas (arovas) JE Rabbi and author; son of R. Hananiah Aruvas; lived in the seventeenth century. He filled the office of rabbi in several African...
339. Moses Ben Joseph Aruvas JE A physician and translator; lived in Cyprus and Damascus in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. He translated Aristotle&#39...
340. Arvad JE A town mentioned by Ezekiel (xxvii. 8, 11) as having contributed materially to Tyre's commercial greatness. Men of Arvad...
341. Aryeh JE A name commonly found among the Jews. The first person known to have borne it lived in the middle of the second century (Pes...
342. Aryeh Judah B Ẓebi Hirsch JE See Judah B. Ẓebi Hirsch. This article is Rated: 2.87 ...
343. Aryeh Loeb JE Dayyan of Lublin, Poland, in the seventeenth century. He was the author of "Liḳḳuṭe ha-Or" (Collection of...
344. Aryeh Loeb B Abraham Portschiner JE ...
345. Aryeh Loeb Ben Asher JE A rabbi and one of the most eminent Talmudists of his age; born in Lithuania at the end of the seventeenth century; died at...
346. Aryeh Loeb B Baruch Bendet JE ...
347. Aryeh Loeb B Hayyim Breslau JE ...
348. Aryeh Loeb Ben Jacob Joshua JE German Talmudist and author; born 1715; died at Hanover March 6, 1789. He was a son of the author of "Pene Yehoshua',"...
349. Aryeh Loeb Ben Joshua Heshel JE ...
350. Aryeh Loeb Ha-kohen Of Styryji JE ...
351. Aryeh Loeb Ha-levi JE See Loeb ha-Levi of Brody. This article is Rated: 2.89 ...
352. Aryeh Loeb Ha-levi Horwitz JE See Horwitz, Aryeh Loeb. This article is Rated: 2.89 ...
353. Aryeh Loeb Lipschitz JE ...
354. Aryeh Loeb Ben Meyer JE ...
355. Aryeh Loeb Mokiah JE ...
356. Aryeh Loeb Ben Mordecai Ha-levi JE See Epstein Loeb ben Mordecai. This article is Rated: 2.89 ...
357. Aryeh Loeb B Moses JE See Loeb ben Moses ha-Kohen. This article is Rated: 2.86 ...
358. Aryeh Loeb Of Polnoi JE ...
359. Aryeh Loeb B Samuel Ẓebi Hirz JE ...
360. Aryeh Loeb Ben Saul JE Polish rabbi; born in Cracow about 1690; died at Amsterdam April 2, 1755. He came of a famous family of rabbis. His father...
361. Aryeh Loeb Of Shpola JE ...
362. Aryeh LÖb Te'omim JE See Te'omim, Löb ben Moses. This article is Rated: 2.90 ...
363. Arza JE The steward of King Elah at the palace, in Tirzah, where Elah was killed by Zimri (I Kings xvi. 9).J. Jr. G. B. L. ...
364. Arzareth JE The name of the land beyond the great river, far away from the habitation of man, in which the Ten Tribes of Israel will dwell...
365. Asa JE 1. A Levite, father of Berechiah; found in the genealogy of the Levites in I Chron. ix. 16. 2. See Asa, Third King of Judah...
366. Asa JE Third king of Judah; son of Abijam and grandson of Rehoboam; reigned 917-876 B.C. (I Kings xv. 7-9). The most important event...
367. Asad JE One of the two Arabian-Jewish rabbis that are said to have instructed the Tobba' Abu Karibah (king of Yemen) in the tenets...
368. Ya'kub Ibn Ishak Al-mahalli As'ad Al-din JE Egyptian physician; lived in Cairo toward the end of the twelfth century and at the beginning of the thirteenth. He was born...
369. Asahel JE 1. Son of Zeruiah, sister of David (I Chron. ii. 16). He was noted as a swift runner. As one of the thirty heroes of David...
370. Hayyim Asahel JE Rabbi and author who lived in Salonica during the first half of the eighteenth century. He was the son of Benjamin Asahel...
371. Asaiah JE 1. A prince of the tribe of Simeon who, with others, attacked and captured Gedor, and settled there (I Chron. iv. 36). 2....
372. Asaph JE 1. A son of Berechiah or Berachiah. (See Asaph ben Berechiah.) 2. The father of Joah, chronicler at the court of Hezekiah...
373. Asaph ("mar Rab") JE To judge from the title "Mar Rab," he was one of the Geonim (see Gaon). and, presumably, lived about the middle of the ninth...
374. Asaph Ben Berechiah JE One of the captive Levites carried off to Assyria (I Chron. vi. 24 [A. V. 39]), and whom Arabic and later Jewish legend says...
375. Asaramel JE A name of uncertain meaning and intent occurring in I Macc. xiv. 28. The reading, as it has come down, gives it as the name...
376. Asarelah JE One of the Asaphites appointed by David to the Temple service, according to I Chron. xxv. 2). In verse 14 the same personage...
377. Ascalon JE (ASKELON). See Ashkelon. This article is Rated: 2.86 ...
378. Ascama JE The name given by Spanish and Portuguese Jewish communities to the laws governing their internal administration. These laws...
379. Deborah Ascarelli JE Italian poetess, and wife of Giuseppi Ascarelli; lived at Venice at the end of the sixteenth and at the beginning of the seventeenth...
380. Moses Vita (jehiel) Ascarelli JE Physician at Rome; died Dec. 11, 1889. He received his early education at the Talmud Torah in that city, and later studied...
381. Ascari JE Rabbi and author of the sixteenth century; styled by Azulai "Ir weḲaddish" (Angel and Saint); a pupil of R. Joseph Sagis...
382. Ascension JE The translation to heaven of a few chosen ones, either to remain there in lieu of dying, or merely to receive revelations...
383. Ascension Of Isaiah JE ...
384. Asceticism JE A term derived from the Greek verb ἀσκέω, meaning "to practise strenuously," "to exercise." Athletes...
385. Ascetics JE While the dominant note of Judaism is optimism, faith in a God who delights in the happiness of His creatures and expects...
386. Abraham Asch JE German rabbi and author; born at Posen; officiated as rabbi of Zell toward the end of the eighteenth century. He descended...
387. Aschaffenburg JE Important town on the right bank of the Main in Bavaria. Jews in Aschaffenburg are first mentioned in the thirteenth century...
388. Tobiah Ben Ezekiel Asche JE German Talmudist; rabbi of Zempelburg at the beginning of the nineteenth century. His "'Eṭ Barzel" (Iron Pen) is...
389. Simon B Isaac Ha-levi Aschenburg JE Talmudic scholar; lived at Frankfort-on-the-Main, later at Jerusalem, at which latter place he died about 1598. He was the...
390. Anton Ascher JE German actor; born at Dresden July 15, 1820; died in Meran April 24, 1885. Trained for the stage by Ludwig Tieck, he made...
391. Benjamin Henry Ascher JE Hebrew scholar and author; born in 1812 at Peisern (grand duchy of Posen); died Feb. 24, 1893, in London. His father, a corn-merchant...
392. Joseph Ascher JE Composer and pianist; born at Groningen, Holland, June 4, 1829; died in London, June 20, 1869. He was a son of Simon Ascher...
393. Saul Ascher JE German author and translator; born at Berlin Feb. 8, 1767; died there Dec. 8, 1822. He began his literary career as an advocate...
394. Simon Ascher JE Ḥazan; born in Holland, 1789; died at London December, 1872. He was reader and cantor of the Great Synagogue, London...
395. Aschian JE ...
396. David D' Ascoli JE Italian writer; lived about the middle of the sixteenth century. He wasthe author of "Apologia Hebræorum," published...
397. Giulio Ascoli JE Italian mathematician; born in Triest Nov. 20, 1843; died in Pisa. Reared in a city with a large Italian-speaking population...
398. Graziadio Isaiah Ascoli JE Italian philologist; born July 16, 1829, at Göritz, Austria. His father, who had made a fortune in the manufacture of...
399. Jacob Ben Abraham Rofe Ascoli JE Physician and payyeṭan; lived at Camerino, Italy, perhaps at Ascoli, in the second half of the fifteenth century. Two...
400. Asefah JE Technical term for the meetings of the members of the Jewish communities of Poland and Lithuania. In cases of importance,...
401. Asenath JE Daughter of Poti-pherah, priest of On, and wife of Joseph (Gen. xli. 45). The name is apparently Egyptian; but no satisfactory...
402. Asenath JE A Greek Apocrypha of pronounced Jewish character, with only one small Christian interpolation. It contains a Midrashic story...
403. Ash JE The A. V. rendering of the Hebrew "oren" (Isa. xliv. 14); R. V. has "fir-tree." According to TanḦum (quoted in Gesenius...
404. Ash JE A family name which is an abbreviation of "Altschul" or "Eisenstadt" (). Such abbreviations are especially frequent in names...
405. Abraham Joseph Ash JE Talmudist; born in Semyatitch, Russia, about 1813; died in New York city May 6, 1888. Coming to the United States in 1852...
406. Ashamnu JE The old shorter form of the confession of sin ("Widdui"), mentioned in the Talmud and in the "Didache" (first century C....
407. Ashan JE Town in the domain of Judah (Josh. xv. 42), but which was in the actual possession of Simeon (Josh. xix. 7; I Chron. iv. 32)...
408. Ash'ariya JE Mohammedan theological sect, founded at the beginning of the tenth century by Abu el-Hasan al-Ash'ari ("the Hairy"). Its...
409. Ashbel JE A son of Benjamin (Gen. xlvi. 21, and in the genealogical list of I Chron. viii. 1). The gentilic name "Ashbelite" is found...
410. Ashdod JE The northernmost of the five royal cities of the Philistines, two to three miles from the seacoast, about half-way between...
411. Ashdoth-pisgah JE The declivities of the Pisgah range on the east of the Jordan, which were handed over to the Reubenites (Deut. iii. 17, iv...
412. Louis Ashenheim JE Scotch physician and surgeon; born at Edinburgh 1817; died at Jamaica Nov. 26, 1858. Educated in his native city, he obtained...
413. Asher JE The eighth son of the patriarch Jacob, and the traditional progenitor of the tribe Asher. He is represented as the younger...
414. Tribe and Territory Asher JE The fortune of Asher is foreshadowed in the Blessing of Jacob, where it is said: "Asher, his food shall be rich, and he shall...
415. Abraham (adolf) Asher JE Publisher, bibliographer, and editor; born at Kammin, Prussia, Aug. 23, 1800; died at Venice, Sept. 1, 1853. He was destined...
416. Anshel Ben Isaac Asher JE Preacher at Prenzlau, Prussia, and teacher in the school founded there by his father. In 1701 he published at Dessau a collection...
417. Anshel Ben Joseph Asher JE ...
418. Anshel Ben Moses Baer Asher JE Talmudist; lived in the second half of the eighteenth century. He wrote two works: "Ben Emunim" (Son of Faith), Fürth...
419. Asher Asher JE Physician; born Feb. 16, 1837, at Glasgow, Scotland; died Jan. 7, 1889, at London, England. He was educated at the high school...
420. David Asher JE German educationist and philosophical writer; born at Dresden Dec. 8, 1818; died in Leipsic Dec. 2, 1890. He received his...
421. Asher Ben David JE A son of Abraham ben David of Posquières; flourished about the middle of the thirteenth century. He was a pupil of his...
422. Ensel B Judah Loeb Asher JE Chief of the bet din at Slonim, Lithuania, in the beginning of the eighteenth century. He wrote two works: "Otot le-Mo&#39...
423. Asher Ben Hayyim Of Monzon JE Spanish liturgist of the fourteenth century. He was the author of a book entitled "Ha-Pardes" (Paradise), the ten sections...
424. Asher Ben Immanuel Salem JE ...
425. Jacob Abraham Ben Aryeh Loeb Kalmankes Asher JE Cabalistic and rabbinical author; born probably in Lemberg about the beginning of the seventeenth century; died there April...
426. Asher Ben Jacob Ha-levi JE Talmudic lexicographer; lived in Osnabrück, Prussia, toward the end of the thirteenth century. His father was probably...
427. Asher Ben Jehiel JE Eminent Talmudist; born in western Germany about 1250; died in Toledo, Spain, 1328. His family was prominent for learning...
428. Asher Ben Joseph JE ...
429. Asher Ben Judah Loeb Landau JE ...
430. Asher Kubo JE ...
431. Lemel Ha-levi Asher JE Polish Talmudic scholar; lived at the end of the eighteenth century. Together with his two sons, YeḦiel Michel ha-Levi...
432. Leon Asher JE German physician; born April 13, 1865, in Leipsic. He is the son of Dr. David Asher, for many years secretary to Chief Rabbi...
433. Asher Ben Levi JE Legendary boy convert and, subsequently,Christian martyr; lived toward the end of the fourth century in Sinjar, between Nisibis...
434. Asher B Meshullam JE Talmudist; flourished at Lunel in the second half of the twelfth century. He was a son of the well-known scholar Meshullam...
435. Asher Ben Saul (ha-kohen) Of Lunel JE French writer on ritual; lived in the fourteenth century. He wrote a work upon the various rites current among the Jews, entitled...
436. Asher Solomon Margolioth JE See Judah Löb Ben Asher Margolioth (vol. viii.). This article is Rated:&nbsp...
437. Asher Ben Simeon JE Religious poet of Germany, who lived at a period not later than 1546. He wrote a selihah (penitential poem) entitled , which...
438. Asher Ẓebi Ben David JE Ḥasidic rabbi of Koretz, Volhynia, and later "maggid" (preacher) of Ostrowo, government of Lomza in Russian Poland;...
439. Asherah JE A Hebrew word occurring frequently in the Bible (R. V.) and signifying, except in a few late passages noted below, a wooden...
440. Asheri JE A name by which Asher Ben Jehiel is frequently cited in rabbinical literature, especially in halakic discussions. Modern...
441. Ashes JE The usual translation of the Hebrew "efer" which occurs often in expressions of mourning and in other connectionsIt is a symbol...
442. Ashi JE A celebrated Babylonian amora; born 352; died 427; reestablished the academy at Sura, and was the first editor of the Babylonian...
443. Ashima JE One of the gods of the Hamathites, an image of which was set up in Samaria by the men of Hamath, whom Sargon settled there...
444. Ashirah JE The first word of the Song of Moses (Ex. xv.), known as "Shirat ha-Yam" (The Song at the Sea), read in the synagogues in the...
445. Ashkabah JE ...
446. Ashkelon JE City on the southern coast of Palestine. It occurs in Egyptian texts twice as "Asḳaruni," among the cities revolting...
447. Eugene Ashkenasy JE Botanist; born at Odessa May 5, 1845; died, July 24, 1903. He held the honorary professorship of botany at the University...
448. Ashkenaz JE (): A people traced back (Gen. x. 3; I Chron. i. 6) through Gomer to Noah's third son, Japheth. In Jer. li. 27, 28, it...
449. Ashkenaz JE Germany: name applied generally in medieval rabbinical literature to that country. Its origin in this particular is obscure...
450. Abraham Ashkenazi JE Chief rabbi of Palestine (), born at Janishar, near Salonica, in 1813; died at Jerusalem Jan. 22, 1880. At the age of fifteen...
451. Azriel B Joseph Ashkenazi JE Printer at Naples, 1491-92. From his printing-house the first editions of Avicenna's "Canon" and BaḦya's "&#7716...
452. Azriel B Moses Levi Ashkenazi JE Preacher at Tarnogrod, government of Lublin, Poland, in the seventeenth century. He was the author of "NaḦalat'...
453. Baermann Ashkenazi JE Polish commentator on Bible and Midrash; lived in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Though the foremost of all Midrash...
454. Baerush (dob) Ashkenazi JE Rabbi at Slonim, Lithuania, later at Lublin, Poland; born about 1801; died in Lublin March 6, 1852. He was the author of:...
455. Ashkenazi JE Government official in the employ of the Ottoman empire; born 1840. He received his early education at the Institution Camondo...
456. Benjamin Ashkenazi JE Russian communal worker and philanthropist; born in 1824; died at Grodno in 1894. He was the son of Joshua Heschel Ashkenazi...
457. Benjamin B Aaron Abraham Ashkenazi JE See Slonik, Benjamin Aaron ben Abraham. This article has not yet been...
458. Bezalel Ashkenazi JE One of the leading Oriental Talmudists and rabbis of his day; born toward the end of the sixteenth century. Descended from...
459. David Tevle B Jacob Ashkenazi JE Moravian rabbi and author; born at the beginning of the eighteenth century; died July 16, 1734. Ashkenazi was rabbi of the...
460. Eliezer (lazer) B Elijah Ashkenazi JE Talmudist, rabbi, physician, and many-sided scholar; born in 1512; died at Cracow Dec. 13, 1585. Though of a German family...
461. Eliezer B Solomon Ashkenazi JE Rabbinical scholar; born in Poland about the beginning of the nineteenth century, and resided afterward in Tunis. He published...
462. Elijah Ashkenazi JE ...
463. Gershon Ashkenazi JE Polish Talmudist; born in the second decade of the seventeenth century; died at Metz March 20, 1693. His family name was really...
464. Isaac Ben Jacob Ashkenazi JE Rabbi at Byeltzy, Bessarabia; lived in the middle of the eighteenth century. He is the reputed author of a cabalistic work...
465. Isaac Ben Ẓebi Ashkenazi JE Rabbi and author; born in Russia about the middle of the eighteenth century, and officiated as rabbi in Chodorow and Lemberg...
466. Israel Ben Samuel Ashkenazi JE See Israel ben Samuel Askenazi of Sklov. This article has not yet been...
467. Jacob Israel Ben Ẓebi Hirsch Ashkenazi JE See Embden, Jacob Israel. This article is Rated: 1.5 ...
468. Joseph Ashkenazi JE Critic of the Mishnah; resided at Safed, Palestine, and died there between 1575 and 1582. Though Ashkenazi came to Palestine...
469. Ashkenazi, Joseph Ben, Of Padua JE See Joseph Shallit. This article has not yet been rated. ...
470. Joseph Edels Ashkenazi JE Palestinian commentator and cabalist; lived at the beginning of the nineteenth century at Jerusalem and Padua; died at Safed...
471. Joseph B Isaac Ha-levi Ashkenazi JE Talmudist and rabbi; born in Germany about 1550; died at Frankfort-on-the-Main 1628. His first teacher was the Frankfort rabbi...
472. Joshua Heshel B Meshullam Ashkenazi JE Russian Talmudist and rabbi of the nineteenth century; died Feb. 10, 1867, at Lublin. From 1852 till his death he was rabbi...
473. Judah B Joseph Ashkenazi JE Turkish Talmudist: born at Smyrna, where he became chief rabbi; died there about 1812. He wrote: (1) "MaḦneh Yehudah"...
474. Judah Samuel B Jacob Ashkenazi JE A commentator, ritualist, and liturgical editor; born in the second half of the eighteenth century; lived at Tabareeyeh (Tiberias)...
475. Judah B Simon Sofer Frankfurt Ashkenazi (tiktin) JE Polish commentator on the ShulḦan 'Aruk; officiated as "dayyan" (assistant rabbi) at Tikotzin, Poland, in the first...
476. Ashkenazi, MeÏr, Of Kaffa (crimea) JE Envoy of the Tatar khan in the sixteenth century; killed by pirates on a voyage from Gava (near Genoa) to Dakhel (probably...
477. MeÏr Ben Moses Ashkenazi JE Polish Talmudist; born about 1590 at Frankfort-on-the-Main; died about 1645 at Mohilev on the Dnieper. His father was dayyan...
478. Meshullam Zalman Ashkenazi JE Polish rabbi and man of letters; born in the second half of the eighteenth century; died at Lublin, Poland, May 1, 1843. He...
479. Moses Ashkenazi JE ...
480. Moses David Ashkenazi JE Talmudist and author; born in Galicia about 1778; died at Safed, Palestine, in 1857. After holding the office of rabbi at...
481. Moses Isaac Ashkenazi JE ...
482. Naphtali B Joseph Ashkenazi JE Preacher at Safed in the sixteenth century; died at Venice in 1602. He wrote a work, entitled "Imre Shefer" (Words of Beauty)...
483. Nissim Abraham Ashkenazi JE Talmudic author; lived in the first half of the nineteenth century in Smyrna, where he officiated. He was the author of "Ne&#7718...
484. Raphael Ben Judah Ashkenazi JE A rabbi of Smyrna, where he died in 1830. He wrote: (1) "Mareh 'Enayim" (Sight to the Eyes), Salonica, 1816—an...
485. Reuben Selig Ben Israel Eliezer Ashkenazi JE Rabbi and author; lived in Russia about 1780. He published "MaḦaneh Reuben" (Camp of Reuben), a commentary on the Talmud...
486. Shabbethai Ben Meir Ashkenazi JE See Shabbethai ben Meïr ha-Kohen.
487. Samuel B Elieser Ashkenazi JE Author of novellæ to the Talmud; lived at Opatow, Poland, in the second half of the sixteenth century. He was a pupil...
488. Saul Cohen Ashkenazi JE Religious philosopher of German descent, as his name indicates; born in Candia 1470; died at Constantinople May 28, 1523....
489. Ashkenazi, Simon, Of Galicia JE Rabbi of Dobromil and Jaroslav (Galicia) at the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth century. He was...
490. Solomon Ben Nathan Ashkenazi JE Court physician of King Sigismund II., Augustus of Poland (1548-72), and Turkish diplomat; born probably about 1520; died...
491. Zebi Hirsch (hakam Ẓebi) B Jacob Ashkenazi JE Rabbi; born 1658 in Moravia, died May 2, 1718, at Lemberg. He was descended from a well-known family of scholars. When a boy...
492. Mikhail Osipovich Ashkinasi JE Writer in French and Russian; born at Odessa April 16, 1851. Having graduated from the Odessa High School, he studied medicine...
493. Ashmodai JE ...
494. Ashmun JE The name of a Phenician god worshiped at Sidon and Carthage, in Cyprus and in Sardinia. A trilingual inscription from the...
495. Ashmurah JE A special term (compare "a watch in the night," Ps. xc. 4) in the synagogal rite of Avignon, denoting the early morning service...
496. Ashpenaz JE Chief of the eunuchs of Nebuchadnezzar (Dan. i. 3).J. JR. G. B. L.
497. Ashre (yoshebe Beteka) JE The opening words of Ps. lxxxiv. 5 [4]: "Blessed are they who dwell in thy house: they will be still praising thee. [In A...