Wikipedia:Jewish Encyclopedia topics/A3

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Aholibamah JE ...
Ahot ḳeṬannah JE A pizmon (ritual poem) of eight stanzas, signed with the acrostic of Abraham Ḥazan, and sung in the Sephardic ritual...
Ahriman JE In the Mazdian religion, the evil deity, who has his real opposite in Spenta Mainyu, "the beneficent [holy] spirit." The latter...
Isaac Ahrony JE ...
Ahrweiler JE Town of Rhenish Prussia, twenty-three miles northwest of Coblenz, on the river Ahr. It is mentioned in the year 1248 as containing...
Mattithiah Ahrweiler JE German rabbi; born about 1650 at Frankfort-on-the-Main; died at Heidelberg, September 19, 1728. At the time of his birth his...
Ahub Ben Meir Hanasia JE ...
Solomon Ahudi JE See Solomon b. Joseph ibn Ayub. This article is Rated: 2.76 ...
Ahuramazda JE ...
Ai JE A royal Canaanitish town, eastward from Beth-el in the northern part of the territory of the tribe of Benjamin, the seat of...
Aibu (ibu) JE By this name, unaccompanied by patronymic or cognomen, are known four amoraim, three of whom were members of the family of...
Aibu (ibu) JE A prominent haggadist of the fourth amoraic generation (fourth century), contemporary of Judah (Judan) b. Simon (b. Pazzi...
Aibu (ibu) B Naggari JE A Palestinian amora of the fourth generation (fourth century), disciple of Hila, and contemporary of Judah b. (Simon b.) Pazzi...
Ain JE 1. A city given to the Levites in the tribes of Judah and Simeon (Josh. xv. 32, xix. 7, xxi. 16; Neh. xi. 29). The Septuagint...
Ain Kades JE A well near the Arabah, first seen by Rowlands in 1842. He identified it with the Kadesh Barnea of the Bible. It was not seen...
Ain Musa JE A small oasis, about seven or eight miles southwest of Suez, Egypt. It is about 250 acres in extent, with luxuriant gardens...
Aire JE A fortified town on the river Adour, in southern France. There is no certainty that a Jewish community ever existed here;...
Aix JE A town in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, France, the Aquæ Sextiæ of the Romans, and for a short period...
Aix-la-chapelle (aachen) JE A city in Rhenish Prussia, in which a Jewish settlement flourished during the time of the Roman empire. In the Carlovingian...
Ajalon JE A city in Palestine, from which the adjacent "Valley of Ajalon" took its name (Josh. x. 12). Its location is identical with...
Ajas JE ...
Palestine Akabah JE See Eloth. This article is Rated: 2.94 ...
'akabia Ben Mahalalel JE A religious teacher, probably of the second tannaitic generation (first and second centuries). Of his early history nothing...
Akbarites JE ...
Aḳdamut JE A mystical poem, written in Aramaic by Meir ben Isaac Nehorai, which is in the Ashkenazic usage interpolated after the opening...
'aḳedah JE This Biblical incident plays an important part in the Jewish liturgy. The earliest allusion to it in prayer occurs in the...
Rachel Akerman JE The earliest Jewess to write German poetry; born probably at Vienna, 1522; died at Iglau, Moravia, 1544. She appears to have...
Akhaltzyk JE A fortified town of Transcaucasia, in the government of Tiflis, on an affluent of the Kur, 110 miles west of Tiflis. Of the...
Akiba Baer) Akiba Baer Ben Joseph (simon JE Son of Joseph Ḥanoks, a Talmudist and cabalistic writer, one of the refugees who, at the expulsion of the Jews from...
Of Presburg Akiba Eger The Elder JE ...
Of Posen Akiba Eger The Younger JE ...
Akiba Frankfurt JE ...
Akiba Ben Joseph JE Palestinian tanna; born about 50; martyred about 132. A full history of Akiba, based upon authentic sources, will probably...
Alphabet Of Akiba Ben Joseph JE The title of a Midrash on the names of the letters of the Hebrew alphabet. Two versions or portions of the same exist: Version...
[[Akiba [ben Joseph]'s Book On Letter-ornaments]] JE According to the Haggadah (Men. 29b), Akiba found a significance in every little ornament or flourish upon the letters of...
Akiba Ben Judah Loeb JE A German rabbi, who lived at Lehren-Steinsfeld, Württemberg, in the beginning of the eighteenth century. He wrote "Ha-Ohel&#39...
Of Ofen Akiba Ha-kohen JE An eminent scholar, who lived in Hungary and Bohemia in the second half of the fifteenth century; died at Prague 1496. His...
Akiba Trani B Elijah Of Metz JE Glossarist who lived in the eighteenth century. A collection of his casuistic glosses to the Talmudic treatises Zeba&#7717...
Akkad JE ...
Akkerman JE District, town, and village in the government of Bessarabia, Russia, on the right bank of the Dniester estuary, twenty-seven...
Akkez JE ...
Akkub JE 1. Son of Elioenai, of the Judean royal family (I Chron. iii. 24). 2. A Levite, porter at the east gate of the Temple (I Chron...
'akkum JE An abbreviation formed by the initial letters of ("worshiper of stars and constellations"). 'Akkum therefore came to...
Joseph Ben Judah Ibn Aknin JE ...
Abraham Ibn Akra JE ...
Akrabah JE A city situated one day's journey north from Jerusalem (Ma'as Sheni, v. 2; Beẓah, 5a, where the spelling is...
Akrabbim JE This is mentioned in connection with the southeastern boundary of Judah (Num. xxxiv. 4; Josh. xv. 3; Judges, i. 36). It is...
Isaac B Abraham Akrish JE Scholar, bibliophile, and editor; born in Spain about 1489; died after 1578. The Arabic form of the name, as Steinschneider...
Ohio Akron JE Capital of Summit county, forty miles from Cleveland. This city was first settled by Jews in 1850. The Akron Hebrew Congregation...
Aksai (tashkicha) JE A village in the province of Tersk, in the Caucasus, which has a Jewish community of about 1,000 persons. These Jews claim...
Ivan Sergyeyevich Aksakov JE Russian Panslavist leader; born October 7, 1823; died at Moscow, February 8, 1886. Aksakov was one of the founders at Moscow...
Israel Aksenfeld JE A Judæo-German writer; born in Russia in the last quarter of the eighteenth century; died about 1868. He passed the first...
Akylas JE ...
Alabama JE One of the southern states of the United States; admitted Dec. 14, 1819; seceded Jan. 11, 1861; and was readmitted July, 1868...
Alabarch JE The title of an official who stood at the head of the Jewish population of Alexandria during the Grecian period. The etymology...
Alabaster JE The Alabaster of the ancients was the stalagmitic variety of carbonate of lime, and differed from what now is commonly known...
Alaish JE The name of a Spanish-Jewish family, which occurs in various forms; usually preceded by "abu." Abu-al-'aish means in Arabic...
Ashkenazi Alaman JE Name of a many-branched and wide-spread Jewish family in the Turkish empire, whose ancestor, Joseph ben Solomon of Ofen (Buda)...
Alameth JE Son of Becher and grandson of Benjamin (I Chron. vii. 8). G. B. L. This...
Solomon Alami JE An ethical writer who lived in Portugal in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries; contemporary of Simon ben Ẓema&#7717...
Alashkar JE A Spanish-Jewish family whose name was probably derived from an Arabic word meaning "red."The first member of the Alashkar...
Alatino JE A notable family of Jews that settled in Italy in the second half of the sixteenth century, and occupied an important position...
Crescenzo Alatri JE Italian writer; born at Rome, 1825; died February 12, 1897. He was educated in the Talmud Torah of his native city, and graduated...
Giacomo Alatri JE Italian banker and philanthropist; son of Samuel Alatri; born at Rome in 1833; died there March 9, 1889. He was for several...
Samuel Alatri JE Italian politician, communal worker, and orator; born at Rome in 1805; died there May 20, 1889. For more than sixty years...
Alatrini JE Name of a distinguished Jewish family in Italy, derived from the name of the town Alatri. It has been often transcribed as...
Jacob Di Alba JE Italian rabbi; lived at the end of the sixteenth and beginning of the seventeenth century. He was rabbi in Florence, and author...
Solomon Ibn Albagal JE A Spanish farmer of taxes who lived in Villa-Real or Ciudad-Real, and held office during the reign of Maria de Molina (1300-10)...
Isaac Albalag JE A philosopher of the second half of the thirteenth century, who, according to Steinschneider ("Hebr. Uebers." pp. 299-306)...
Albalia JE Name of one of the more ancient Jewish families in Spain. The tradition among its members was that they were descended from...
New York Albany JE Capital of the state of New York and of Albany county, situated on the west bank of the Hudson river. As early as 1661, when...
Abrahamben Hiyya Albargeloni JE ...
Isaac Ben Reuben Albargeloni JE See Isaac ben Reuben. This article is Rated: 3 ...
Judah Ben Barzilai Albargeloni JE ...
Moses Ben Maimon Albas JE Cabalist of the sixteenth century; lived in northwest Africa. He was the author of the cabalistic work "Hekal ha-ḳodesh"...
Samuel Albas JE Rabbi at Fez; born 1697; died 1749. He was well read in the Talmud and in rabbinical literature, and was highly esteemed by...
Al-bataljusi JE ...
Albelda JE A town of Old Castile, in the vicinity of Logroño, which was inhabited by Jews as early as the eleventh century. The...
Albelda JE A Bible commentator (died 1549) who took his name from the town of Albelda, whence it is thought he or his ancestors must...
Moses Ben Jacob Albelda JE Preacher and philosopher, grandson of the preceding; flourished in Turkey in the sixteenth century. He was a distinguished...
Conrad Alberti JE German novelist, dramatist, critic, and actor; born at Breslau, July 9, 1862. Having finished his education in his native...
Albertus Magnus JE The most eminent German philosopher and theologian of the Middle Ages and the real founder of the scientific tendency within...
Albinus JE Roman procurator of Judea from 61 to 64 (Jos. "Ant." xx. 9, § 1). While on his way from Alexandria to his new post he...
Joseph Albo JE Spanish preacher and theologian of the fifteenth century; known chiefly as the author of the work on the fundamentals of Judaism...
Alby (albi) JE Ancient cathedral town, capital of the department of Tarn, France, forty-two miles northeast of Toulouse. It gave its name...
AlcalÁ De Guadaira JE A town seven miles east of Seville, Spain. At one time it had a small Jewish community, whose synagogue was razed by order...
AlcalÁ De Henares JE A walled town in New Castile, Spain, situated on the right bank of the Henares, about seventeen miles from Madrid; birthplace...
AlcalÁ La Real JE A town in Jaen, Spain, which sheltered a few Jews in the Middle Ages, and was the birthplace of Alfonso de Alcalá, so...
EugÈne Alcan JE French litterateur, painter, and poet, who embraced Christianity; born in Paris in 1811; died about 1898. He was a brother...
FÉlix Alcan JE French publisher and scholar; born at Metz, March 18, 1841; grandson of Gerson Lévy, author of "Orgue et Pioutim," and...
Michel Alcan JE French engineer, politician, and author; born at Donnelay, in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, France, 1801; died at...
MoŸse Alcan JE French publisher and litterateur born in 1817; died in Metz, May 14, 1869; father of the Parisian publisher Félix Alcan...
AlcaÑiz JE A town in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain; situated sixty-three miles southeast of Saragossa. As early as the thirteenth...
Alchemy JE The undeveloped chemistry of the Middle Ages, characterized by belief in the transmutation of base metals into gold, the discovery...
Alcimus JE Leader of the antinational Hellenists in Jerusalem, under Demetrius I. Soter of Syria (Josephus, "Ant." xi. 9, § 7);...
Alcoholism JE The morbid condition resulting from the excessive or prolonged use of alcoholic beverages. Alcoholism and Nervous Disease...
Alcolea JE City in the province of Jaen, Andalusia, the Jewish congregation of which, like many others of the country, enjoyed special...
Hanok Ben Bahya Alconstantini JE See Enoch (Ḥanok) ben Baḥya, Alconstantini. This article is...
Hanok Ben Solomon Alconstantini JE See Enoch (Ḥanok) ben Solomon, Al-constantini. This article is Rated:&nbsp...
Isaac Ben Abram Ancona Alconstantini JE ...
Jacob Ben Isaac Al-corsono JE ...
Meir Ibn Aldabi JE Writer of the fourteenth century; son of Isaac Aldabi, "He-Ḥasid" (The Pious); grandson of Asher ben Jehiel, and a descendant...
Aldeas De Los JudΊos JE The name given to the villages Aznalfarache, Aznalcazar, and especially Paterna, situated in the neighborhood of Seville,...
Alfred-philibert Aldrophe JE A French architect; born in Paris, February 7, 1834. He attended the National School of Design and was a favorite pupil of...
Abraham Ben Ismail Aldubi JE Talmudic scholar and author, who flourished in Spain in the first half of the fourteenth century. He was a pupil of Solomon...
Aldus Manutius JE Italian publisher; born at Bassiano in 1449 or 1450; died at Venice, Feb. 6, 1515. Aldus studied the Latin classics at Rome...
Aleksandria JE District, town, and village in the government of Kherson, Russia, on the Inguletz river. In 1897 the Jewish population was:...
Aleksandrovsk JE District and town in the government of Ekaterinoslav, Russia, on the left bank of the Dnieper, below the rapids. In 1897 the...
Aleksei JE Russian archpriest; convert to Judaism; born probably in Novgorod, 1425; died in Moscow, 1488. In the last quarter of the...
Aleksander Aleksyeyev JE Author and convert to the Greek Catholic Church; born in 1820, at Nazarinetz, government of Podolsk, Russia, of poor Jewish...
Alemeth JE 1. Son of Jehoadah, in the genealogy of Benjamin (I Chron. viii. 36). In I Chron. ix. 42 he is called the son of Jarah. 2...
'alenu JE The last prayer of the daily liturgy in most congregations, so called from its initial word, "'Alenu," which means "It...
Music Of 'alenu (v01p338001jpg) JE The traditional melody to which the 'Alenu prayer is chanted, while of comparatively late origin, is of suitable breadth...
Aleph JE The first letter of the Hebrew alphabet. For its symbolic meaning, see Mishnah Shabbat, i. It was employed as a numeral to...
Aleppo JE Town of ancient and of modern Syria, and capital of a Turkish vilayet of the same name, between the Orontes and Euphrates...
Alessandria JE Fortified town, situated in a province of the same name, in northern Italy, and founded, in 1168, by citizens from Cremona...
Arnold Aletrino JE A Dutch physician and professor of criminal anthropology at the University of Amsterdam; also served officially as surgeon...
Ephraim Alex JE Founder of the Jewish Board of Guardians, London; born in Cheltenham, 1800; died in London, Nov. 13, 1882. He was a successful...
Alexa JE 1. A foreign jurist of the third century, who discussed with the Palestinian amora R. Mana II. the question of collecting...
Alexander The Great JE The celebrated conqueror of the East, 356-323 B.C. By introducing Hellenic culture into Syria and Egypt, he had probably more...
of Judea Alexander I JE ...
of Judea Alexander Ii JE Born about 100 B.C.; died 47 B.C. He was the eldest son of Aristobulus II. and son-in-law of Hyrcanus. Upon the conquest of...
Son of Herod Alexander JE Born about 35 B.C.; died about 7 B.C. His mother was the Hasmonean princess Mariamne. The unfortunate fate which persistently...
Pope Alexander Ii JE Family name Anselmo Baggio; born at Milan; died April 20, 1073. He became pope in 1061, succeeding Nicholas II., and ruled...
Pope Alexander Iii JE ...
Pope Alexander Iv JE Was Count Rinaldo di Segni prior to his elevation to the pontifical throne in 1254, at a time of great turbulence; he ruled...
Pope Alexander Vi JE ...
Pope Alexander Vii JE ...
Pope Alexander Viii JE ...
Alexander I, Pavlovich, Emperor of Russia JE Born at St. Petersburg, Dec. 23, 1777; died at Taganrog, Dec. 1, 1825. During his reign (1801-25) more measures for internal...
Alexander Ii, Nikolaievich, Emperor of Russia JE Born at St. Petersburg, April 29, 1818; assassinated there March 13, 1881. He succeeded his father, Nicholas I., March 2,...
Alexander Iii, Alexandrovich, Emperor of Russia JE Born at St. Petersburg, March 10, 1845; died at Livadia, Nov. 1, 1894. He ascended the throne March 14, 1881, the day after...
Alexander JE An English family of printers and translators that flourished during the latter part of the eighteenth century and at the...
Alexander JE An amora. See Alexandri (Alexandra). This article is Rated: 2.88 ...
Alexander Of Aphrodisias JE Greek commentator on Aristotle; flourished at the end of the second century and at the beginning of the third, in the reign...
King of Syria Alexander Balas JE Date of birth unknown; died 145 B.C. A youth of lowly origin, he was set up as a pretender to the throne of Syria as being...
Bernhard Alexander JE Hungarian writer and professor of philosophy and esthetics; born at Budapest April 13, 1850. He was educated in his native...
The False Alexander JE A pretender to the throne of Judea. About 4 B.C., a Jewish youth living in Sidon and reared by a Roman freedman claimed the...
HebrÆus Alexander De Franciscis JE Author and bishop at Forli; lived in Rome in the sixteenth century. His Jewish name was Elisha de Roma. After his baptism...
Alexander The Great JE See page 341. This article is Rated: 2.87 ...
Alexander Of Hales (alexander Alensis) JE An English theologian and a member of the Franciscan order; born in the county of Gloucester; died in Paris, 1245. He was...
Isaac Alexander JE German author; lived in South Germany in the second half of the eighteenth century, and wrote on philosophical subjects from...
Alexander Jagellon JE Grand duke of Lithuania and king of Poland; born 1460; died at Wilna, 1506. He was the son of King Casimir IV. He ascended...
Alexander JannÆus (jonathan) JE King of Judea; born about 126 B.C.; died 76 B.C. He was the third son of John Hyrcanus, by his second wife, and ascended the...
Lionel Lindo Alexander JE Political and communal worker; born in London May 14, 1852; died Jan. 31, 1901. He was educated at the St. Marylebone&#39...
Alexander Lysimachus JE Alabarch; brother of the philosopher Philo, and father of Julius Alexander and Tiberius Julius Alexander. He held office under...
Maurice Alexander Alexander JE An Australian politician; born in London, Nov. 30, 1820; died in Sydney, N. S. W., January 27, 1874. He arrived in Sydney...
Michael Solomon Alexander JE First Anglican bishop of Jerusalem; born of Jewish parents at Schönlanke, in the grand duchy of Posen, May, 1799; died...
Alexander Of Miletus JE Flourished between 105 and 40 B.C. He was the author of a book entitled Περὶ Ιον&#948...
Alexander (sender) Ben Mordecai JE Associate rabbi of Prague in the second half of the seventeenth century. His work, "Sheḥiṭot u-BediḲot,"...
Alexander Ben Moses Ethausen JE ...
Samuel Alexander JE Metaphysician and psychologist; born in Sydney, New South Wales, July 6, 1859. He was educated at Wesley College, Melbourne...
Alexander Severus JE Roman emperor from 222 to 235; was especially friendly to both Jews and Christians. It was on this account, and not because...
Alexander (sender) Shor JE ...
Alexander Suslin Ha-kohen Of Frankfort JE One of the most important Talmudists of his time; flourished in the first half of the fourteenth century. He was rabbi first...
Alexander Üsskind Ben Moses Of Grodno JE A great cabalist of the eighteenth century; died at Grodno, Lithuania, in 1794. He wrote "Yesod we-Shoresh ha-'Abodah"...
Alexander Suuml;sskind Ben Moses Kantshiger JE Biblical scholar of the eighteenth century. He was the author of "Miẓnefet Bad" (The Linen Miter), Zolkiev, 1747, a...
Alexander Suuml;sskind Ben Samuel Zanwil JE A grammarian and cabalist; born at Metz about the end of the seventeenth century. In 1717-18 he published at Köthen (Anhalt...
Tiberius Julius Alexander JE Roman general of the first century; son of the alabarch Alexander, who gave him the name of Tiberius, probably in honor of...
Alexander Zabinas JE King of Syria, 124-122 B.C. He was the young son of a merchant, but he allowed himself to be proclaimed by the Egyptian king...
Alexander The Zealot JE One of the chiefs of the political party of Zealots about the year 50 of the common era. Led by him and his colleague Eleazar...
Jonathan Alexandersohn JE German rabbi; born at Grätz, in Posen, about the beginning of the nineteenth century; died at Altofen (Old Buda), Hungary...
Daniel Alexanderson (ben Alexander) JE Theological writer of the seventeenth century. He embraced the Christian faith at Rouen (France) on April 21, 1621, and wrote...
Alexandra JE Daughter of King Aristobulus II.; brought to Rome with her parents and brothers as prisoners of war by Pompey in the year...
Alexandra JE Daughter of Hyrcanus II., and wife of Alexander, son of Aristobulus II. She was one of the strongest and shrewdest supporters...
Alexandra JE Palestinian haggadist of the fourth century, contemporary of R. Levi. Commenting on Cant. iii. 1, R. Levi observes: "The congregation...
Alexandra JE The only Jewish queen regnant with the exception of the usurper Athaliah; born 139 B.C.; died 67 B.C.; she was the wife of...
Albert Alexandre JE Chess-player; born at Hohenfeld-on-the-Main, Germany, about 1766; died in London, Nov. 16, 1850. Most of his life was spent...
Édouard Alexandre JE French organ manufacturer and inventor; born in Paris December 4, 1824; died, 1888. He learned his trade in the factory established...
Alexandri JE There were probably two amoraim of this name, unaccompanied either by patronymic or cognomen; and as both were Palestinians...
Egypt—ancient Alexandria JE Historic city situated on the Mediterranean sea; fourteen miles west of the Canopic mouth of the Nile.The history of the Jews...
Egypt Alexandria JE The Jewish community of Alexandria, numbering (in 1900) 10,000 persons, is governed by an elective body of prominent men called...
Louisiana Alexandria JE City on the south bank of the Red river, 360 miles northwest of New Orleans. The foundation of a Jewish community in Alexandria...
Alexandrian Philosophy JE While there were many earlier settlements of Jewish immigrants in Egypt, it was reserved for King Ptolemy I. to establish...
Alexandrian Ships JE The ships of the Alexandrians are mentioned several times in the Mishnah as used by Jews (Kelim, xv. 1; Ohalot, viii. 1, 3)...
Alexandrians In Jerusalem JE In consequence of the active relations of the Alexandrian Jews with Palestine, many of them made their permanent home in Jerusalem...
Alexandrium JE A fortified castle in Palestine, situated on one of the mountains between Scythopolis and Jerusalem, and, judging from its...
Alexis Mikhailovich JE Second czar of the Romanof dynasty; born at Moscow, March 29, 1629; died February 9, 1676. He succeeded his father, Michael...
Alexius JE ...
Don Zulema (solomon) Alfahan JE Spanish chief rabbi over the communities under the jurisdiction of the archiepiscopal see of Toledo. Don Pedro Tonorio, the...
Alfakar JE The name of one of the oldest Spanish-Jewish families, distinguished for its social position and scholarship; originally of...
Moses Alfalas JE ...
Alfandari JE A family of eastern rabbis prominent in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, found in Smyrna, Constantinople, and Jerusalem...
Alfaquin JE A surname given in Spain generally to the physician, and also to the secretary and interpreter, of the king. In Spain, Portugal...
Aaron Alfaquin JE A physician at Pamplona, who received from Charles III. of Navarre in 1413 a monthly stipend of 9 florins, as a reward for...
Joseph Alfaquin JE A physician to Don Sancho of Navarre in the twelfth century, and colleague of Don Moses ben Samuel. In gratitude for his services...
Mosse (moses) Alfaquin JE A physician of Perpignan; mentioned in 1377.Bibliography: Rev. Ét. Juives, xv. 37, xvi. 180.M. K. ...
Alfaquin, Samuel, Of Pamplona JE A physician who, in 1379, treated an English knight, Sir Thomas Trivet, with such skill and success, that at the instance...
Solomon Alfaquin JE A physician to King Sancho the Wise of Navarre, who valued the former's art so highly that he presented him with seven...
Abu NaṢr Mohammed Alfarabi JE Arabian philosopher; born in Farab, Turkestan, about 870; died in Damascus about 950. He studied at Bagdad, then the seat...
Isaac Ben Jacob Alfasi JE Eminent Talmudist; born in 1013 at Kala't ibn Ḥamad, a village near Fez, in North Africa (whence his surname, which...
Isaac Ben Joseph Alfasi JE Descendant of a Spanish family; flourished in Adrianople in the sixteenth century. He translated Ghazzali's work, "Mishkat...
Isaac Ben Reuben Alfasi JE Sometimes stated to be a grandson of Isaac Alfasi. He is frequently cited as the author of "Sha'are Shebu'ot," a work...
Masa'ud Raphael Alfasi JE Rabbi in Tunis at the end of the eighteenth century; died in 1776. He is the author of "Mishḥa de-Rabuta" (Oil of Anointing)...
Petrus Alfonsi JE A controversialist and physician in ordinary to King Alfonso VI. of Castile; born at Huesca, Aragon, in 1062, and died in...
Alfonsine Tables JE A series of astronomical tables giving the exact hours for the rising of the planets and fixed stars; compiled at Toledo at...
Alfonso Iii Of Portugal JE ...
Alfonso V Of Portugal JE ...
Alfonso Ix Of Leon JE ...
Alfonso JE A mathematician of uncertain date, author of a treatise on squaring the circle, extant in a manuscript in the British Museum...
Alfonso De Alcala JE ...
Alfonso Burgensis JE ...
Alfonso Complutensis JE ...
Alfonso De Spina JE ...
Alfonso Of Valladolid JE ...
Alfonso De Zamora JE Spanish Marano of the sixteenth century; Hebraist and polemical writer; born in Zamora about 1474, and baptized in the Catholic...
Alfonsus Bonihominis JE The name taken by the Latin translator or adapter of an anti-Jewish pamphlet, originally written in Arabic by Samuel abu Na&#7779...
Alfual JE The family name of a number of Spanish Jews (Steinschneider, "Jew. Quart. Rev." xi. 587), of whom the following are known:Abraham...
Jacob B Moses Di Algaba JE Translator into Hebrew of the celebrated medieval romance, "Amadis de Gaul." The translation probably appeared at Constantinople...
Abraham Ben Solomon Algazi JE Supposed to have lived at Smyrna in 1659, and to have been the son of the author of the book, "Shema' Shelomoh" (Solomon&#39...
Hayyim Algazi JE Rabbi in Constantinople in the seventeenth century. He was a disciple of Joseph di Trani, and the author of a commentary on...
Hayyim Isaac Algazi JE Author of the books: "Derek Eẓ ha-Ḥayyim" (The Way of the Tree of Life), "'En Yamin" (The Right Eye), "Sha&#39...
Hayyim Ben Menahem Algazi JE Rabbi of the island of Rhodes and Smyrna; lived in the seventeenth century; author of "Bene Ḥayyai" (Sons of My Life)...
Israel Jacob Algazi JE Great-grandson of Solomon Algazi the elder, and rabbi in Jerusalem in the eighteenth century. Besides contributing to dialectical...
Moses Ben Abraham Algazi JE A rabbinical writer who flourished in Smyrna in the seventeenth century. He was the brother of Solomon Algazi the elder, and...
Moses Joseph Algazi JE Rabbi at Cairo, Egypt; born 1764; died after 1840, in which year he became prominent through the energetic support which he...
Algazi (alghasi), Samuel Ben Isaac Ben Joseph, of Candia (crete) JE Talmudical commentator and historian, died shortly before 1588. He came of a family of scholars, both father and grandfather...
Algazi, Solomon Nissim, the Elder JE Rabbi in Smyrna and in Jerusalem in the seventeenth century. He must not be confused with his grandson and namesake, a rabbi...
Yom-Ṭob Ben Israel Jacob Algazi JE Commentator; lived at Jerusalem in the eighteenth century; author of a commentary on Naḥmanides' "Hilkot Bekorot"...
Science Of Algebra JE ...
Algeria JE Country on the coast of North Africa, now a French colony, but formerly belonging successively to Carthage, Rome, the Saracens...
Algiers JE A seaport of northern Africa; capital of the French colonial province of Algeria. The origin of its Jewish community, like...
Alguadez ( JE A Castilian court physician and chief rabbi of the fifteenth century; exact dates of birth and death unknown. He was presumably...
Algum JE A tree, the identity of which is uncertain. Jastrow, "Dict." s.v., suggests that it may be coral-wood; others, that it may...
Alhadib JE Name of a family of which representatives are known from the beginning of the fourteenth to the end of the seventeenth century...
'al Ha-rishonim JE A passage in the Morning Prayer coming between the Shema' and the 'Amidah. In the Northern rituals a variant is substituted...
Judah B Solomon B Hophni Al-harizi JE A celebrated Hebrew poet of the early part of the thirteenth century, who lived in Spain and traveled in the Orient. Neither...
'al HeṬ JE The longer confession of sin (Widdui), each sentence of which begins with the formula, "Forgive us for the sin we have committed...
Ali B Abraham Al-tawil JE Karaite scholar; flourished at Ramleh, Egypt, in the twelfth century. He was the author of a commentary on the Bible, no longer...
Ali Ha-levi Ben Solomon JE Gaon; head of the academy at Bagdad in the first half of the twelfth century. His name occurs in an old Arabic responsum (Harkavy...
Ali Ibn Sahl Ibn Rabban Altabari (abu Al-hasan) JE Physician and writer on medical subjects in Irak about the middle of the ninth century; born in Taberistan. His father, Sahl...
Ali Sulaiman JE ...
Alibi JE A form of defense by which the accused undertakes to show that he was elsewhere when the crime was committed. Such a defense...
Alienation And Acquisition JE The act of causing a thing to become the property of another—Alienation—is, in Roman and English law, the general...
Aliens JE There are several designations for Aliens in the Old Testament. Of these, and mean specifically "foreign," a person outside...
Alimony JE "The allowance made to a woman by an order of court, from her husband's estate or income, for her maintenance after her...
Isaac Ben Moses Alisch JE ...
Alityros (aliturus) JE Actor, of Jewish birth, at the court of Nero. Through him Josephus became acquainted with the empress Poppæa—whose...
'aliyah JE In synagogal services, the going up, or being called up, to the reading-desk (almemar), for the reading of a portion of the...
Aljama JE A Spanish term of Arabian origin used in old official documents to designate the self-governing communities of Moors and Jews...
Moses Ben Solomon Alḳ;abiẒ JE ...
Solomon Ben Moses Ha-levi AlḳabiẒ JE A cabalist and liturgical poet born in Safed, who flourished in the first half of the sixteenth century and who was a contemporary...
Abraham Alkabizi JE Editor at Constantinople during the first quarter of the sixteenth century. In 1516 he, together with Judah Sason and Joseph...
Abraham Ben Samuel Alkalai JE Casuist, who lived in Turkey in the latter part of the eighteenth century and beginning of the nineteenth. He wrote "Zekor...
Isaac Ben Joseph Alkalai JE ...
Joseph Ben David Alkalai JE Lived in Turkey in the early part of the nineteenth century. Author of "Amar Yoseph," containing notes to Maimonides and alphabetically...
Judah Ben Solomon Hai Alkalai JE Rabbi in Semlin, Croatia; died October, 1878. He became noted through his propaganda in favor of the restoration of the Jews...
Moses Ben David Alkalai JE Judæo-Spanish translator, and writer of Hebrew textbooks; lived in Turkey in the nineteenth century. With his father...
Alphonse Alkan JE French printer, bibliographer, and author; born in Paris, 1809, died at Neuilly-sur-Seine, 1889. He first worked as a practical...
Charles Henri Valentin Alkan JE French pianist and composer; born in Paris, Nov. 30, 1813; died there, March 29, 1888. On attaining his sixth year he was...
NapolÉon Alexandre (morhange) Alkan JE French pianist and composer; born in Paris, 1826. He was a brother of Charles Valentin Alkan, and, like him, entered the Conservatory...
Alkimus Jakim JE High priest, leader of the Hellenists. See Alcimus. This article is Rated:&nbsp...
Allariz JE A Spanish town in the province of Orense, Galicia, in which, as in Coruña, Ferrol, and Pontevedra, there were Jews as...
Isaac Ben Abraham Ibn Latif Allatif JE See Latif, Ibn. This article is Rated: 2.84 ...
'alle Hadas JE ...
Allegorical Interpretation JE That explanation of a Scripture passage which is based upon the supposition that its author, whether God or man, intended...
Allegory In The Old Testament JE Allegory is a sustained description or narration, treating directly of one subject, but intended as an exposition of another...
Abraham Allegri JE A contemporary of Moses Benveniste; lived at Constantinople about the middle of the seventeenth century. He wrote a commentary...
Johanan Allemanno JE A cabalist who flourished in the second half of the fifteenth century; born in Constantinople. He migrated to Italy, and became...
John Allen JE English dissenting minister, educator, and author; born at Truro in 1771 and educated in the city of his birth by Dr. Cardue...
Allenstein JE Town in the district of Königsberg, eastern Prussia. The small Jewish community there was established Feb. 25, 1862....
Allgemeine Zeitung Des Judenthums JE A German journal devoted to Jewish interests; founded in 1837 by Dr. Ludwig Philippson(1811-89); published first in Leipsic...
Allgemeines Archiv Des Judenthums JE A monthly publication, devoted, as its title indicates, to the general history of the Jews. It was founded and edited by Jeremiah...
Alliance IsraÉlite Universelle JE A society founded in 1860 for the protection and improvement of the Jews in general, but mainly devoted to the interests of...
Alliance JE New Jersey: An agricultural colony situated in the southeastern part of Salem county, New Jersey, four miles from Vineland...
Alliteration And Kindred Figures JE Successive use or frequent recurrence of the same initial letter or sound at the beginning of two or more words; specifically...
Allon JE 1. Son of Jedaiah, in the genealogy of Simon (I Chron. iv. 37). 2. One of those who returned with Zerubbabel (I Esd. v. 34)...
Allon Bachuth JE An oak near Bethel, at the foot of which Deborah, the nurse of Rebekah, was buried (Gen. xxxv. 8). In Judges, iv. 5 a tree...
Joshua Ben Joseph Ibn Vives Allorqui JE ...
Alluf JE In the Babylonian colleges, title of the chief judge, third in rank below the gaon. As a special distinction it was granted...
Allufe Ha-ḳ;ehillah JE A general name for prominent members of any congregation, and typically used in regard to the leaders of the community in...
Almagest JE The Arabic title of the astronomical work of Claudius Ptolemy (flourished 150), entitled by him μαθη&#956...
Joseph Almalia JE Italian rabbi, of the beginning of the nineteenth century, whose responsa "ToḲfo shel Yosef" (The Strength of Joseph)...
Joseph B Aaron Almalih JE One of the patrons mentioned by Abraham Ankawa in the preface to his responsa, "Kerem Ḥemed" (Leghorn, 1869-71). Kaufmann...
Almanac JE An annual table, book, or the like, comprising a calendar of days, weeks, and months. Among the Jews it was the holy prerogative...
Aron De Almanza JE A Marano born at Salamanca, Spain, of Jewish parents. His first wife was Leonore de los Rios Sotte, whom he married in 1696...
Almanzi JE A family that, according to Luzzatto, derives its name from the city of Almansa in Murcia, Spain. The earliest member of the...
Joseph Almanzi JE Bibliophile and poet; born at Padua, March 25, 1801; died at Triest, March 7, 1860. The eldest son of Baruch Ḥayyim...
Miguel De Almazan (almaÇan) JE A Marano of Saragossa, and private secretary to King Ferdinand of Aragon. He was burned at the stake on the accusation of...
Pedro De Almazan JE One of the conspirators against the inquisitor Pedro d'Arbuez. He escaped death by flight, but his wife Isabella, together...
Isaac Almeida JE Turkish rabbi and author; born in the latter half of the seventeenth century; died between 1723 and 1739. He was associate...
Lopez D' Almeida JE Head of the embassy sent by Alfonso V. of Portugal to Pope Sixtus IV., in the year 1472. His mission was twofold: to congratulate...
Almemar JE Corrupted from the Arabic al-minbar, "the chair," "the pulpit," is an elevated platform in the synagogue, on which the desk...
Jose Henriques De Almeyda JE A writer in Amsterdam in the early part of the eighteenth century. He published in Portuguese: "Anagrama Achrostica do Sagrado...
Adam Almiliby JE A Portuguese Jew who, together with Isaac Belamy, was appointed a farmer of the royal taxes in 1353 by King Alfonso IV. By...
Almodad JE The eldest son of Joktan (Gen. x. 26, I Chron. i. 20). The meaning of the name is uncertain. The first element, "Al," may...
Almohades JE A Moorish dynasty in north-western Africa and in Spain during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. With the rise of the Almohades...
Almuli Almoli JE A Spanish-Jewish family name derived from the Arabic al-mu'alli ("the one who raises up"). In addition to those referred...
Abraham Ben Judah Elimelech Almolik (almalik) JE ...
Almon JE A city in the territory of Benjamin given to the priests (Josh. xxi. 18); now called 'Almit. Found also in the corresponding...
Almond JE A term applied to a tree (Jer. i. 11, Eccl. xii. 5), to a fruit (Gen. xliii. 11, Num. xvii. 23 [A. V. 8]), and to a bud or...
Almon Diblataim JE A stopping-place in Moab in the Israelites' journey from Egypt (Num. xxxiii. 46, 47). Called Beth Diblataim in Jer. xlviii...
Almoravides (al-murabatin) JE A Moorish dynasty in northwestern Africa and in Spain in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The rise of this dynasty marked...
Almosnino JE A distinguished Jewish family originally dwelling in Aragon. The name, according to Jellinek (see Steinschneider, "Cat. Bodl...
Alms JE A word derived from the Greek ἐλεημοσύνη (mercifulness), used by Greek-speaking...
Almug JE ...
Alnaharwanai JE A Hebrew scholar of the gaonic period; probably of Nehardea. He is the author of a rimed alphabetical treatise in Hebrew on...
Isaac Ben Joseph Alnakif JE Liturgical poet of the thirteenth century (in Spain?), who composed a zulat (liturgical poem between the Shema' and &#39...
Alnaqua JE An important family of Spanish Jews, the first mention of whom occurs late in the twelfth century. In Hebrew the name is written...
Ephraim Alnucawi JE See Alnaqua, Ephraim. This article is Rated: 3 ...
Aloes JE Translation of , occurring four times in the Old Testament (Num. xxiv. 6, Ps. xlv. 8, Prov. vii. 17, Cant. iv. 14), and of...
Alonzo De La Calle JE ...
Alonzo De Cartagena JE Marano; born in Burgos, Spain, in 1385. Alonzo, together with his father, Salomon ha-Levi, or Paul de Burgos, and his brothers...
Alonzo De Herrera JE Cabalist, philosopher. See Herrera, Alonzo de. This article is Rated:&nbsp...
Moses Alpalas (alfalas) JE A Jewish preacher at Salonica about the middle of the sixteenth century. Of his many homiletic and theological writings, there...
Alpha JE The Greek name for Aleph was, according to the older tradition of R. Ishmael (SheḲalim, iii. 2; compare Aleph), used...
Alpha And Omega JE An expression found in several places in the Revelation of John (xxi. 6, xxii. 13, i. 8), a book which is to-day almost universally...
The Hebrew Alphabet JE The characters of the Hebrew Alphabet are derived from the so-called Phenician or Old Semitic letters, to which almost all...
Alphabetum Siracidis JE ...
Jacob Alpron JE Italian translator; died Dec. 22, 1622. He adapted and translated into Italian Benjamin ben Abraham of Solnik's "Mi&#7827...
Al-rabi Ibn Abu Al-hukaik JE Jewish poet of the Banu al-Nadhir in Medina, who flourished shortly before the Hegira (622). His family was in possession...
Alroy JE A pseudo-Messiah who lived about 1160; born at Amadia in Kurdistan. He became thoroughly proficient in Biblical and Talmudic...
Alsace JE A German territory which, together with Lorraine, forms a Reichsland, or imperial territory. It lies between the River Rhine...
Al-sameri JE The man who made the golden calf in the wilderness.See Sameri. This article...
Jacob Alsari JE Teacher of Hebrew and grammarian, who for eighteen years lectured in Hebrew in Zerkowo, Prussian Poland, near the Russian...
Joseph Alsari JE ...
Alshech JE Rabbi in Safed, Palestine, in the second half of the sixteenth century, and son of Ḥayyim Alshech. He was a disciple...
Levi B Jacob Ibn Al-tabban JE Grammarian and poet, flourished at Saragossa in the beginning of the twelfth century. He was the friend and elder contemporary...
Abraham Al-tabib JE Spanish physician who lived in Castile in the first half of the fourteenth century. He was the contemporary of Abraham ibn...
Altar JE In the book of Genesis it is often said that altars were erected (viii. 20, xii. 7, xiii. 8, xxvi. 25, xxxiii. 20, etc.)....
Jonas (jonathan Ha-levi) Altar JE Bohemian rabbi; born 1755; died March 25, 1855, in Goltsch-Jenikau. He represented the strictest orthodoxy as evidenced by...
Meir Ha-levi Altar JE Son of preceding; born in Goltsch-Jenikau, Bohemia, 1803; died there in 1868. He translated into German the Yoẓerot...
Altaras JE A family name variously spelled: and . It is not certain whether this is the same name as that borne by the Spanish Karaite...
David Ben Solomon Altaras JE An Italian rabbi and editor who flourished at Venice, 1675-1714. He wrote the short Hebrew grammar in the quarto Bible (Venice...
Jacques Isaac Altaras JE French ship-builder and philanthropist; born in Aleppo, Syria, in 1786, and died at Aix (Department of Bouchesdu-Rhône...
Moses Altaras JE An Italian rabbi of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries; known as the author of a translation into Judæo-Spanish...
Solomon Altaras JE Venetian rabbi of the eighteenth century, probably the son of David Altaras, edited among other works a collection of prayers...
Alt-breisach JE Ancient fortified city in the grand duchy of Baden, Germany; the scene of Jewish persecution.In the fourteenth century, when...
Altenkunstadt JE See Burgkunstadt. This article is Rated: 2.91 ...
Jacob (koppel) Ben Ẓebi Altenkunstadt JE Rabbi at Verbo, Hungary; lived in the first half of the nineteenth century. He wrote "Ḥiddushe Yabeẓ" (novell&#230...
Prague Alt Neu Synagogue JE ...
Alt-ofen JE Old Hungarian city, now incorporated in Budapest as the third district. The earlier history of the Jews in AltOfen begins...
Altona JE City and port, situated on the Elbe, adjoining Hamburg, in Holstein, which was formerly a Danish duchy, but is now a part...
Altruism JE A term derived from the late Latin alter hic ("this other"); dative, alteri huic, contracted to alteruic. It seems to have...
Altschul, Altschuler, Altschueler JE Various forms of a family name borne by Ashkenazic Jews in many countries. Though each of these forms now represents groups...
Alupka JE Village on the southern shores of the Crimea, Russia; mentioned in the letter of Joseph, king of the Chazars, to Ḥasdai...
Alushta JE Village on the southeastern shore of the Crimea, in the district of Yalta, Russia. Some ruins exist of the fort Aluston built...
Alva JE Fernando Alvarez de Toledo: born, 1508; died at Thomar, Portugal, 1582. A famous Spanish general who fought in the various...
Samuel Alvalensi JE Spanish author; born, 1435; died, 1487. He was the son of the learned Abraham Alvalensi, of Toledo, and pupil of Isaac Campanton...
Samuel Alvalensi JE Perhaps the grandson of the above; was born in Spain at the end of the fifteenth century, was taken after the expulsion of...
Alvarez JE Name of a Hispano-Portuguese family which has included among its members many scholars, distinguished men, and martyrs. Branches...
Alvaro De Luna JE A gifted Spanish statesman of the fifteenth century who attained the highest military rank, that of Grand Constable. With...
Jacob Alyashar JE Talmudist; born at Wilna, Russia, about 1735; died in Safed about 1785. The congregation at Hebron in 1765 sent him as their...
Jacob Saul Alyashar JE Ḥakam Bashi (chief rabbi) of Jerusalem; born at Safed, June 1, 1817. He was taken to Jerusalem in 1823. His teacher...
Alypius Of Antioch JE Eminent geographer of the fourth century; intimate friend of the Roman emperor, Julian the Apostate. Alypius, of noble and...
Alzey JE A town in Rhein-Hessen (Germany), on the Setez. While the first traces of the residence of Jews in the Palatinate, to which...
Amadeo Of Rimini JE ...
Amadia, Amadiah, Amadieh, Amadeeyah JE A town in Asiatic Turkey, vilayet of Bagdad, north of Mosul, the birthplace of the pseudo-Messiah, David Alrui (Alroy). In...
Joshua Judah Amado JE Talmudist, of a Spanish family settled at Salonica in the early part of the nineteenth century. He wrote "Ohole Yehudah" (The...
JosÉ Amador De Los Rios JE Spanish historian of the Jews in Spain and Portugal, and archeologist; born 1818; died at Seville, 1878. De los Rios was for...
Amalekites Amalek JE Name of a nomadic nation south of Palestine. That the Amalekites were not Arabs, but of a stock related to the Edomites (consequently...
Aman JE 1. This name is found only in the Apocrypha, Tobit, xiv. 10. He is there mentioned as the persecutor of Achiacharus, but even...
Amana JE 1. River rising in Anti-Lebanon and flowing through Damascus, the modern Nahr Barada (II Kings, v. 12, where there is a variant...
Isaac Bekor Amaragi JE Translator and historical writer of the nineteenth century, who lived in Salonica. He translated, from the Hebrew into Jud&#230...
Moses Amaragi JE Physician in ordinary to the court of Sultan Murad IV. (1623-40) in Constantinople. He was rich and learned and a patron of...
'am Ha-areẒ JE A term used in common parlance in the sense of "ignoramus," applied particularly to one ignorant of Jewish matters. Compare...
Amariah JE 1. The great-grandfather of the prophet Zephaniah (Zeph. i.) 2. The son of Azariah, who was high priest-in Solomon's temple...
Aaron Ben Solomon Amarillo JE Talmudic author of the eighteenth century. He was a descendant of the Amarillos, a family of scholars that gave several great...
Abraham Amarillo JE Rabbi at Salonica about the beginning of the nineteenth century. His sermons on the Pentateuch were published under the title...
Moses Ben Solomon Amarillo (hayyim) JE Rabbi at Salonica during the first half of the eighteenth century. He edited, and often annotated, the works of his father...
Samuel Amarillo JE Collector of royal taxes at Tudela, Navarre, from 1380 to 1391, particularly of the duties paid by the Jews and the Moors...
Solomon Ben Joseph Amarillo JE Rabbi at Salonica, who died in 1722. Amarillo was the father-in-law of Solomon Abdallah and an intimate friend of the learned...
Amarkol JE A title applied to "a Temple trustee superintending the cashiers" (Jastrow, "Dict."; see Sheḳ. v. 2). While the three&#8212...
Amasa JE 1. According to II Sam. xvii. 25, the son of Ithra, an Israelite; I Chron. ii. 17 calls his father Jether, the Ishmaelite...
Amasai JE 1. Son of Elkanah, a Levite of the Kohathite family (I Chron. vi. 10, 20; II Chron. xxix. 12). 2. Chief of the captains who...
Amashai JE A priest who dwelt at Jerusalem (Neh. xi. 13). G. B. L. This article is...
Amasieh Amasia JE City in Asia Minor, on the Yeshil-Irmak (the ancient Iris). The population in 1900 was 23,000. The city is now of little importance...
Amathus JE A fortress near the Jordan, north of the river Jabbok and 21 miles south of Pella. At the beginning of the first century...
Amatus (habib) Lusitanus JE Physician. See Juan Rodrigo de Castel-Branco. This article is Rated:&nbsp...
Amatuni JE Members of one of the most powerful of the old Armenian clans, whose habitation was along the slopes of Mount Ararat. Their...
Amaziah JE 1. Priest at Beth-el in the reign of Jeroboam II. When the prophet Amos came to Beth-el, and there prophesied the death of...
King Of Judah Amaziah JE Son of Joash and father of Azariah (II Kings, xv. 1); came to the throne about 795 B.C. As soon as his kingdom was established...
Amber JE The Hebrew word Ḧashmal, rendered "amber" by the A. V., occurs only in Ezekiel (three times). Its meaning has puzzled...
Amberg JE A town in the district of the Upper Palatinate and Regensburg (Ratisbon), Bavaria; inhabited by Jews from the thirteenth century...
Ambran Ambron JE An Italian family, prominent since 1492, at which period they emigrated from Spain ("Rev. Ét. Juives," ix. 70, 74). Of...
Shabbethai Ambron JE A philosophical writer; lived in Rome in the first half of the eighteenth century. His life-work was a book on the universe...
Ambrose JE Church father and author; born about 340 at Treves; died 397 in Milan. This audacious prelate—who as bishop of Milan...
Moses Ambrosius JE One of the earliest Jewish settlers in New York, then called New Amsterdam. He was one of a party of twenty-three Jews who...
Ambrosoli JE An ecclesiastic dignitary of Rome, the events of whose life touched the history of the Jews of that city in 1848. He distinguished...
Menahem Mann Ben Solomon Ha-levi Amelander (amlander) JE A Dutch writer of the eighteenth century. He must have died before 1767, since in the edition of the Pentateuch published...
Amemar JE A compound word, of which the first element is the prenomen, the second a title often found among the Jewish sages in Babylonia...
Amemar B Mar Yanuka (yanka) JE A Babylonian teacher of the fifth and sixth amoraic generations, who, together with the exilarch (Resh Galuta) Huna Mar II...
Amen JE A word used at the conclusion of a prayer, or in other connections, to express affirmation, approval, or desire. It is derived...
America JE The name "America" is used in this article in its broadest signification, as applied to the entire western world; that is...
The Discovery Of America JE Among the various discoveries of the fifteenth century, none is more intimately connected with the Jews and their history...
Judaism In America JE Judaism in America—by its logical and historical development of Judaism in its most recent sphere of activity&#8212...
The American Hebrew JE A weekly journal, the first number of which was published in New York city, Nov. 21, 1879. It was founded chiefly through...
The American Israelite JE A weekly journal established in Cincinnati, O., in July, 1854, by Isaac Mayer Wise under the title of "The Israelite." It...
The American Jewess JE A monthly (afterward quarterly) magazine printed in Chicago and New York. There were nine volumes, the first appearing in...
American Jewish Historical Society JE A society organized at New York city, June 7, 1892, at a meeting convened by Cyrus Adler, of Washington, D. C. About forty...
American Jewish Publication Society JE A society formed for the dissemination of Jewish literature, and the first of its kind in the United States; founded at Philadelphia...
American Jewish Publication Society JE An association founded in 1873 by a number of New York Jews: Leopold Bamberger, Benjamin I. Hart, Myer Stern, Edward Morrison...
Sadie American JE Corresponding secretary of the Council of Jewish Women; born at Chicago, March 3, 1862.Miss American has been connected with...
Amethyst JE A variety of quartz of a clear purple or bluish violet color, much used as a precious stone. It is generally accepted that...
Ami JE ...
L' Ami Des IsraÉlites JE ...
Joseph Amico JE Learned and influential rabbi born in Tunis (?); who went to Italy after the year 1550, when Moses Provençal was chief...
'amidah JE ...
Abraham Amigo JE A noted rabbi of Palestine; flourished about the middle of the seventeenth century. He was a contemporary of Moses ben Nissim...
Meir Amigo JE A Spanish Jew, who lived in the second half of the eighteenth century at Temesvar (Hungary). He was nicknamed "Re chico" (the...
Amiltai JE In Greek mythology, the goat, whose horn overflowing with nature's riches has become the symbol of plenty (the cornucopia)...
Amittai JE Father of the prophet Jonah (II Kings, xiv. 25; Jonah, i. 1). According to rabbinical sources (Yer. Suk. v. 55a; Gen. R. xcviii...
Amittai Ben Abida Ahizadek JE ...
Amittai Ben Shephatiah JE A wellknown liturgical poet, who flourished at Oria, Italy, in the beginning of the tenth century. The time of his activity...
'ammi 'amm JE A name applied to Semitic gods and found in Biblical names like Amminadab, Ammiel, Ammishaddai. The word 'amm, 'am...
David B Samuel Ammar JE An author of Leghorn, who wrote "Tefilah le-David" (A Prayer of David) on the hundred daily benedictions (Salonica, 1777;...
Ammi JE The name of several amoraim. In the Babylonian Talmud the first form only is used; in the Palestinian Talmud all three forms...
Ammianus Marcellinus JE Roman historian; born at Antioch, Syria, about 320; died about 395. He wrote a history of Rome, from Nerva to Valens, in which...
Ammiel JE A name of the following persons in the Old Testament: 1. A Danite (Num. xiii. 12). 2. Father of Machir, of Lodebar (II Sam...
Ammihud JE 1. Father of Elishama, the chief of Ephraim in the second year after the exodus (Num. i. 10, ii. 18); appears also in the...
Ammihur JE ...
Amminadab JE 1. The father of Aaron's wife Elisheba (Ex. vi. 23) and of Nahshon, the "head of the tribe of Judah" (Num. i. 7, ii....
Ammishaddai JE Name of the father of the Danite Ahiezer, in Num. i. 12, ii. 25, etc. Gray, "Hebrew Proper Names," pp. 194 et seq., 245,...
Ammonites Ammon JE A nation in eastern Palestine. As to their origin from Lot, compare Gen. xix. 38, in which "Ben-ammi" (son of my paternal...
Amnon JE 1. The eldest son of David and Ahinoam, the Jezreelitess (II Sam. iii. 2). As heir presumptive to the throne he was an object...
Amnon Of Mayence (mentz) JE Subject of a medieval legend that became very popular. It treats of R. Amnon, a wealthy and respected Jew of Mayence, whom...
Bishop Of Lyons Amolo JE ...
Amon JE An Egyptian god, whose name occurs in Jer. xlvi. 25 ("Amon of No," R. V.) and in Nahum, iii. 8 (No-Amon). He was originally...
Amon JE 1. Governor of Samaria during the reign of Ahab (I Kings, xxii. 26; II Chron. xviii. 25). To him Ahab handed over Micaiah...
King Of Judah Amon JE The Biblical accounts of Amon are found in II Kings, xxi. 18-26 and in II Chron. xxxiii. 20-25; and he is mentioned in I Chron...
Amora JE A word signifying "the speaker," or "the interpreter," derived from the Hebrew and Aramaic verb amar ("to say," or "to speak")...
Amorites JE The descendants of the fourth son of Canaan (Gen. x. 16, I Chron. i. 14). They form part of the ancient inhabitants of Palestine...
Amos JE Jewish prophet of the eighth century B.C.; date of birth and death unknown. Among the minor prophets there is none whose personality...
Book Of Amos JE This Biblical book, one of the twelve so-called "Minor Prophets," opens with the announcement of God's intention to punish...
Amoz JE Father of the prophet Isaiah. See Isaiah. This article is Rated: 2...
Amram JE One of the sons of Bani mentioned in Ezra x. 34, in the list of those having foreign wives (I Esd. ix. 34; Omærus; R...
Father Of Moses Amram JE A son of Kohath, and grandson of Levi. He married his own aunt, Jochebed, Kohath's sister, by whom he became the father...
David Werner Amram JE American lawyer; son of Werner David Amram; born at Philadelphia, Pa., in 1866; educated at the public schools and at the...
Amram Hasida (the Pious) JE A Babylonian amora of the third generation (fourth century), a contemporary of R. NaḦman (B. B. 151a). In addition...
Hayyim Amram JE Commentator who lived in Palestine in the first half of the nineteenth century. He published "Ḳorban PesaḦ" (Passover...
Ibn Amram JE ...
Amram Ben Isaac Ibn Shalbib JE Ambassador of Alfonso VI., of Leon and Castile, in the eleventh century. The position occupied by the Jews in Christian Spain...
Amram Of Jerusalem JE Two scholars are known under this name. 1. A contemporary of Rashi (eleventh century), who maintained a learned correspondence...
Amram Of Mayence (mentz) JE A saint and rabbi of whom the following legend is told. After having been the head of a school at Mayence, his native place...
Nathan Ben Hayyim Amram JE Palestinian scholar and author who flourished at Hebron in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Amram was selected...
Rab Amram JE A Babylonian amora of the third generation (fourth century); contemporary of Ḥisda, NaḦman, and Abba bar Memel...
Amram Ibn Salameh Ibn Ghazal Ha-kohen Ha-levi JE Samaritan liturgical poet. A number of prayers by him are incorporated in a liturgy, a fragment of which is in the Bodleian...
Amram Ben Sheshna JE Head of the Sura Academy; died about 875. He was a pupil of Naṭronai II., Gaon of Sura, and was exceptionally honored...
Amram B Simon B Abba JE The son of a scholar, and the nephew of R. Ḥiyya ben Abba; he seems to have remained without distinction in the scholarly...
Amraphel JE A king of Shinar (Gen. xiv. 1, 9), who invaded the West in conjunction with Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, and others, and destroyed...
Amschel JE ...
Amsterdam JE One of the capital cities of the Netherlands founded as a fishing village in the thirteenth century. No Jews lived there...
N Y Amsterdam JE City of Montgomery county, New York, on the Mohawk river, 33 miles northwest of Albany; population in 1900, 20,929.The earliest...
Amu JE The ancient Egyptian designation for the Semites, frequently quoted in popular literature. The correct form in Hebrew letters...
Amulet JE The word "Amulet" used to be considered as derived from an imaginary Arabic word "hamalet" (something hung on); but it is...
Theodboldus Amulo (amolon) JE Archbishop of Lyons (841) in the reign of Charles the Bald; died 852. From his master and predecessor, Agobard, he learned...
Amusements JE See Games, Pastimes. This article is Rated: 2.93 ...
Anab JE A city in the hills of southern Judea, lying in the domain of Judah (Josh. xv. 50), from which Joshua exterminated the Anakim...
Anacletus Ii (pietro Pierleoni) JE Antipope to Innocent II. from 1130 to 1138. By reason of his Jewish descent, which prompted Voltaire to call him ironically...
Anagram JE The letters of a word so transposed as to make a different word or phrase. The use of anagrams by the Jews dates back to...
Anah JE 1. Mother of Aholibamah, one of the wives of Esau and daughter of Zibeon (Gen. xxxvi. 2, 14, 18, 25). The Septuagint, the...
Anaiah JE 1. A supporter of Ezra (Neh. viii. 4), who is called Ananias in I Esd. ix. 43. 2. A prominent man who sealed the covenant...
Anakim JE A pre-Canaanite tribe, dwelling (according to Josh. xi. 21, 22, and Judges i. 10, 20) in the hill country of Judah and in...
Analogy JE Talmudic Rule of Interpretation. See Talmud, Hermeneutics of. This article...
Anamim JE A Mizraimite people, unidentified, mentioned in Gen. x. 13 and in I Chron. i. 11, who dwelt probably in Egypt or some neighboring...
Anammelech JE A god worshiped by the Sepharvites in Samaria under the Assyrian régime, along with the god Adrammelech (II Kings, xvii...
Anan JE Babylonian amora of the third century, disciple of Mar Samuel (Yeb. 83b, Ḳid. 39a), and contemporary of Rab Huna and...
Son Of Anan Anan JE Born about the beginning of the common era (compare Josephus, "B. J." iv. 3, §§ 7 and 10); was appointed high priest...
Anan, Son Of Ananias, The High Priest JE He was strategus, or governor of the Temple at Jerusalem (Josephus, "B. J." ii. 12, § 6; "Ant." xx. 6, § 2), and...
Anan Ben David JE In the second half of the seventh century and in the whole of the eighth, as a result of the tremendous intellectual commotion...
Anan Ben Marinus Ha-kohen JE Rabbinical authority in Siponte; born probably about 1040. Conjointly with his somewhat older colleague, Kalonymus ben Shabbethai...
Salvatore Anan JE Italian writer, pamphleteer, and revolutionary leader; born at Ferrara, 1807; died at Genoa, 1874. In recognition of his patriotic...
Son Of Seth Anan JE ...
Ananel JE See Hananel. This article is Rated: 2.86 ...
Ananel (hananeel) Di Foligno JE Baptized Jew; lived at the middle of the sixteenth century. Joseph ha-Kohen reports in his "'Emeḳ ha-Baka" that...
'anani, 'inani, 'inyani, 'ananiel B Sason JE A Palestinian amora of the third century, contemporary of R. Ammi. He rarely discussed Halakot, and his discussions of them...
Ananias JE This name stands in the Septuagint and New Testament as the equivalent for different Hebrew names, one (I.) with initial &#1495...
Ananias Of Adiabene JE A Jewish merchant, probably of Hellenic origin, who, in the opening years of the common era, was prominent at the court of...
Son Of Nebedeus Ananias JE High priest, appointed by Herod of Chalcis. He officiated from about 47 to 59, and was deprived of his office by Agrippa II...
Son Of Onias Iv Ananias JE On account of the persecutions under Antiochus IV., Onias IV. fled from Jerusalem to Egypt, won the favor of Ptolemy VI.,...
Son Of Zadok Ananias JE According to Josephus ("B. J." ii. 17, § 10; "Vita," 66-67), one of the deputies of high rank from among the Pharisees...
Ananyev JE District, town, and village in the province of Kherson, Russia. In 1897 the Jewish population was: in the town 7,650 (50 per...
Anapa JE Town in the province of Kuban, Russia, on the eastern coast of the Black Sea. Jews are said to have lived here in the first...
Anarchism JE This term is used so loosely in the United States by writers and public speakers that a scientific definition appears to be...
Anath JE The name of an ancient war-goddess of the western group of Semites. The Egyptian way of writing the name of the Phenician-Israelitish...
Anath JE ...
Anathema JE A term used both in the sense of consecration and of condemnation. The old Greek 'Aνάθημ&#945...
Anathoth JE A town in the territory of Benjamin in Palestine, included among the original Levitical cities (Josh. xxi. 18; compare I Chron...
Anatoli Ben David Casani JE ...
Jacob Ben Abba Mari Ben Simson Anatolio JE Hebrew translator of Arabic scientific literature; flourished about 1194-1256 (see "Journal Asiatique," xiv. 34). Anatolio...
Anatomy JE The science dealing with the structure of organisms, especially that of the human body. The information given in the Bible...
The Anavim JE The name of a sect or party. See Ḥasidim. This article is Rated:&nbsp...
Anaw JE The name of a Jewish family that settled in Italy, and which was originally resident at Rome. According to a family tradition...
Abraham Ben Jehiel Ha-rofe Anaw JE Physician and rabbi in Rome at the beginning of the thirteenth century. He was the father of Zedekiah, author of "Shibbole...
Benjamin B Abraham Anaw JE A liturgical poet, Talmudist, and commentator of the thirteenth century; older brother of Zedekiah b. Abraham. Perhaps the...
Zedekiah B Abraham Anaw JE Author of ritualistic works; younger brother of Benjamin b. Abraham Anaw; lived at Rome in the thirteenth century; received...
Anbal (ambal) The Jassin (ossete) JE Among the many foreigners who held positions at the court of Prince Andrei Bogolyubski, in Kiev, toward the end of the twelfth...
Ancestor Worship JE The same homage and adoration paid to deceased parents and more remote ancestors as usually given to deities. Many anthropologists...
Juan De Anchias JE Associate and first private secretary of the Inquisition in Spain (1485-90). He was understood to be especially familiar with...
Ancient Of Days JE A poetical epithet for God. It is an incorrect rendering of the Aramaic 'attiḳ yomin (Dan. vii. 9) or 'atti&#7731...
Ancona JE Ancient city of Italy, capital of a province bearing its name, situated on the Adriatic; said to have been founded by Syracusan...
Alessandro D' Ancona JE Historian of Italian literature and philologist; born at Pisa (Tuscany), Feb. 20, 1835. He is the youngest of five brothers...
Jacob Ben Elia D' Ancona JE Copyist; lived at the end of the fifteenth century. Steinschneider states ("Hebr. Bibl." xx. 126) that Ancona copied some...
Andalusia JE The largest of the ancient divisions of southern Spain, comprising the Moorish kingdoms of Seville, Cordova, and Granada,...
Andernach JE An ancient city in the Prussian governmental district of Coblenz. From very early times a Jewish community was sheltered within...
Andi JE One of the wild Lesghian tribes of the province of Tersk (Terek) and northern Daghestan. Like the Tabassarans and other Caucasian...
Salvador D' Andrada JE One of the earliest Jewish settlers in New York, his name being first encountered in 1655. He appears to have been more wealthy...
Abraham Andrade JE French rabbi; born in the last quarter of the eighteenth century; died at Bordeaux, 1836. During the Reign of Terror (1793-94)...
Velosino Jacob De Andrade JE Physician; born in Pernambuco 1657, of Portuguese parents, who had, like many other Maranos, fled to Brazil after it had become...
Andrea De Monti JE ...

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