User:Fabant

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This page lists the main rulers in the world, i.e.:

  • national rulers: heads of state and heads of government (and, in certain cases, de facto leaders not occupying either of those formal positions or prime ministers who are not heads of government...) of the 194 states usually recognized like that (192 UN members + Vatican City + Taiwan), of 10 other national entities (quasi and unrecognized states), and of 7 in exile and/or alternative governments (only in exile governments that exercised power or succeded governments that exercised power);
  • local rulers: rulers of dependencies and main administrative divisions (autonomous regions, insular or peninsular regions, successors of historical regions or regions with strong identity, regions in the news, autonomous subdivisions, etc.)
  • misceallanous other rulers (main micronations, European Union...)


Contents

[edit] States - A

State Status Name Since
Afghanistan President Hamid Karzai [1] 22 Dec 2001
Albania President Bamir Topi 24 Jul 2007
Prime minister Sali Berisha [2] 11 Sep 2005
Algeria President Abdelaziz Bouteflika 27 Apr 1999
Prime minister Abdelaziz Belkhadem 24 May 2006
Andorra Coprince (French head of state) Nicolas Sarkozy 16 May 2007
Coprinces (bishop of Urgel) Joan Enric Vives Sicília 12 May 2003
Personal representative of the French coprince Philippe Massoni Jul 2002
Personal representative of the episcopal coprince Nemesi Marquès Oste 1993
General syndic Joan Gabriel Estany 17 May 2005
Head of government Albert Pintat Santolària 27 May 2005
Angola President José Eduardo dos Santos [3] 10 Sep 1979
Prime minister Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos 6 Dec 2002
Antigua and Barbuda Queen Elizabeth II 1 Nov 1981
Governor-general Louise Lake-Tack 17 Jul 2007
Prime minister Baldwin Spencer 26 Mar 2004
Argentina President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner 10 Dec 2007
Cabinet chief Alberto Fernández 25 May 2003
Armenia President Robert Kocharyan [4] 4 Feb 1998
Prime minister Serzh Sarkisyan 4 Apr 2007
Australia Queen Elizabeth II 6 Feb 1952
Governor-general Michael Jeffery 11 Aug 2003
Prime minister Kevin Rudd 3 Dec 2007
Austria President Heinz Fischer 8 Jul 2004
Chancellor Alfred Gusenbauer 11 Jan 2007
Azerbaijan President Ilham Aliyev [5] 31 Oct 2003
Prime minister Artur Rasizade [6] 6 Aug 2003


[edit] States - B

State Status Name Since
The Bahamas Queen Elizabeth II 10 Jul 1973
Governor-general Arthur Dion Hanna 1 Feb 2006
Prime minister Hubert Ingraham [7] 4 May 2007
Bahrain King Sheikh Hamad ibn `Isa Al Khalifah [8] 14 Feb 2002
Prime minister Sheikh Khalifah ibn Sulman Al Khalifah [9] 19 Jan 1970
Bangladesh President Iajuddin Ahmed 6 Sep 2002
Prime minister Fakhruddin Ahmed (chief adviser) 12 Jan 2007
Barbados Queen Elizabeth II 30 Nov 1966
Governor-general Sir Clifford Husbands 1 Jun 1996
Prime minister David Thompson 16 Jan 2008
Belarus President Alyaksandr Lukashenka 20 Jul 1994
Prime minister Syarhey Sidorski [10] 10 Jul 2003
Belgium King Albert II 9 Aug 1993
Prime minister Guy Verhofstadt 12 Jul 1999
Belize Queen Elizabeth II 21 Sep 1981
Governor-general Sir Colville Young 17 Nov 1993
Prime minister Said Musa 28 Aug 1998
Benin President Yayi Boni 6 Apr 2006
Bhutan King Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuk 14 Dec 2006
Prime minister Lyonpo Kinzang Dorji [11] 31 Jul 2007
Bolivia President Evo Morales 22 Jan 2006
Bosnia and Hercegovina Chairman of the Presidency of the Republic Zeljko Komsic [12] 6 Jul 2007
Prime minister Nikola Spiric 11 Jan 2007
International High Representative Miroslav Lajcák (Slovakia) 2 Jul 2007
Botswana President Festus Mogae 1 Apr 1998
Brazil President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva 1 Jan 2003
Brunei Sultan Sir Hassanal Bolkiah Mu´izzadin Waddaulah 4 Oct 1967
Prime minister Sir Hassanal Bolkiah Mu´izzadin Waddaulah 1 Jan 1984
Bulgaria President Georgi Purvanov 22 Jan 2002
Prime minister Sergey Stanishev 16 Aug 2005
Burkina Faso President Blaise Compaoré [13] 15 Oct 1987
Prime minister Tertius Zongo 4 Jun 2007
Burundi President Pierre Nkurunziza 26 Aug 2005
Burma Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Than Shwe [14] 23 Apr 1992
Prime minister Thein Sein [15] Apr 2007


[edit] States - C

State Status Name Since
Cambodia King Norodom Sihamoni 14 Oct 2004
Prime minister Samdech Hun Sen [16] 14 Jan 1985
Cameroon President Paul Biya 6 Nov 1982
Prime minister Ephraïm Inoni 8 Dec 2004
Canada Queen Elizabeth II 6 Feb 1952
Governor-general Michaëlle Jean 27 Sep 2005
Prime minister Stephen Harper 6 Feb 2006
Cape Verde President Pedro Pires 22 Mar 2001
Prime minister José Maria Neves 1 Feb 2001
Central African Republic President François Bozizé 15 Mar 2003
Prime minister Faustin Archange Touadéra 22 janvier 2008
Chad President Idriss Déby [17] 15 Mar 2003
Prime minister Delwa Kassire Koumakoye [18] 26 Feb 2007
Chile President Michelle Bachelet 11 Mar 2006
China General secretary of the Communist Party of China Hu Jintao 15 Nov 2002
President Hu Jintao 15 Mar 2003
Premier Wen Jiabao 16 Mar 2003
Colombia President Álvaro Uribe 7 Aug 2002
Comoros President Ahmed Abdallah Sambi 26 May 2006
Congo (Brazzaville) President Denis Sassou-Nguesso [19] 25 Oct 1997
Prime minister Isidore Mvouba 7 Jan 2005
Congo (Kinshasa) President Joseph Kabila [20] 17 Jan 2001
Prime minister Antoine Gizenga [21] 30 Dec 2006
Costa Rica President Óscar Arias Sánchez [22] 8 May 2006
Côte d'Ivoire President Laurent Gbagbo 26 Oct 2000
Prime minister Guillaume Soro 4 Apr 2007
Croatia President Stipe Mesic [23] 18 Feb 2000
Prime minister Ivo Sanader 23 Dec 2003
Cuba First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba Fidel Castro [24] Jul 1961
Raúl Castro (acting) 31 Jul 2006
President of the Council of State Fidel Castro 3 Dec 1976
Raúl Castro (acting) 31 Jul 2006
President of the Council of Ministers Fidel Castro [25] 16 Feb 1959
Raúl Castro (acting) 31 Jul 2006
Cyprus President Tassos Papadopoulos 28 Feb 2003
Czech Republic President Václav Klaus [26] 24 Apr 2005
Prime minister Mirek Topolánek 4 Sep 2006


[edit] States - D-F

State Status Name Since
Denmark Queen Margrethe II 14 Jan 1972
Prime minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen 27 Nov 2001
Djibouti President Ismail Omar Guelleh 8 May 1999
Prime minister Dileita Mohamed Dileita 7 Mar 2001
Dominica President Nicholas Liverpool 2 Oct 2003
Prime minister Roosevelt Skerrit 8 Jan 2004
Dominican Republic President Leonel Fernández [27] 16 Aug 2004
East Timor President José Ramos-Horta [28] 20 May 2007
Prime minister Xanana Gusmão [29] 8 Aug 2007
Ecuador President Rafael Correa 15 Jan 2007
Egypt President Hosni Mubarak 14 Oct 1981
Prime minister Ahmed Nazif 14 Jul 2004
El Salvador President Antonio Saca 1 Jun 2004
Equatorial Guinea President Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo [30] 3 Aug 1979
Prime minister Ricardo Mangue Obama Nfubea 14 Aug 2006
Eritrea President Isaias Afewerki [31] 29 May 1991
Estonia President Toomas Hendrik Ilves 9 Oct 2006
Prime minister Andrus Ansip 13 Apr 2005
Ethiopia President Girma Wolde-Giorgis 8 Oct 2001
Prime minister Meles Zenawi [32] 23 Aug 1995
Fiji President Ratu Josefa Iloilo [33] 18 Jul 2000
Prime minister Voreqe Bainimarama [34] 5 Jan 2007
Finland President Tarja Halonen 1 Mar 2000
Prime minister Matti Vanhanen 24 Jun 2003
France President Nicolas Sarkozy 16 May 2007
Prime minister François Fillon 17 May 2007


[edit] States - G-H

State Status Name Since
Gabon President Omar Bongo Ondimba 28 Nov 1967
Prime minister Jean Eyeghe Ndong 20 Jan 2006
The Gambia President Yahya Jammeh [35] 22 Jul 1994
Georgia President Mikheil Saakashvili [36] 20 Jan 2008
Prime minister Lado Gurgenidze 22 Nov 2007
Germany President Horst Köhler 1 Jul 2004
Chancellor Angela Merkel 22 Nov 2005
Ghana President John Kufuor 7 Jan 2001
Greece President Karolos Papoulias 12 Mar 2005
Prime minister Kostas Karamanlis 10 Mar 2004
Grenada Queen Elizabeth II 7 Feb 1974
Governor-general Sir Daniel Williams 9 Aug 1996
Prime minister Keith Mitchell 22 Jun 1995
Guatemala President Álvaro Colom 14 Jan 2008
Guinea President Lansana Conté [37] 3 Apr 1984
Prime minister Lansana Kouyaté 1 Mar 2007
Guinea-Bissau President João Bernardo Vieira [38] 3 Apr 1984
Prime minister Martinho Ndafa Kabi 13 Apr 2007
Guyana President Bharrat Jagdeo [39] 11 Aug 1999
Prime minister Sam Hinds [40] 13 Apr 2007
Haiti President René Préval [41] 14 May 2006
Prime minister Jacques-Édouard Alexis [42] 9 Jun 2006
Honduras President Manuel Zelaya 27 Jan 2006
Hungary President László Sólyom 5 Aug 2005
Prime minister Ferenc Gyurcsány [43] 27 Aug 2004

[edit] States - I-K

State Status Name Since
Iceland President Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson 1 Aug 1996
Prime minister Geir H. Haarde 15 Jun 2006
India President Pratibha Patil 25 Jul 2007
Prime minister Manmohan Singh 22 May 2004
Indonesia President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 20 Oct 2004
Iran Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei 25 Jul 2007
President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad 3 Aug 2005
Iraq President Jalal Talabani 7 Apr 2005
Prime minister Nuri al-Maliki 20 May 2006
Ireland President Mary McAleese 11 Nov 1997
Prime minister Bertie Ahern 26 Jun 1997
Israel President Shimon Peres [44] 15 Jul 2007
Prime minister Ehud Olmert [45] 4 Jan 2006
Italy President Giorgio Napolitano 15 May 2006
President of the Council of Ministers Romano Prodi [46] 17 May 2006
Jamaica President Elizabeth II 6 Aug 1962
Governor-general Kenneth Hall 15 Feb 2006
Prime minister Bruce Golding 11 Sep 2007
Japan Emperor Akihito 7 Jan 1989
Prime minister Yasuo Fukuda 26 Sep 2007
Jordan King Abdullah II 7 Feb 1999
Prime minister Nader Dahabi 25 Nov 2007
Kazakhstan President Nursultan Nazarbayev [47] 24 Apr 1990
Prime minister Karim Masimov 10 Jan 2007
Kenya President Mwai Kibaki 30 Dec 2002
Kiribati President Anote Tong 10 Jul 2003
North Korea [48] Chairman of the National
Defense Commission [49]		 Kim Jong Il 8 Jul 1994
General secretary of the Central Committee
of the Workers' Party of Korea		 Kim Jong Il 8 Oct 1997
Chairman of the Presidium of
the Supreme People's Assembly		 Kim Yong Nam 5 Sep 1998
Chairman of the Council of Ministers Kim Yong Il 11 Apr 2007
South Korea President Roh Moo Hyun [50] 25 Feb 2003
Prime minister Han Duck Soo [51] 2 Apr 2007
Kuwait Emir Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmad Al Jabir Al Sabah [52] 29 Jan 2006
Prime minister Sheikh Nasser Muhammad Al Ahmad Al Sabah 7 Feb 2006
Kyrgyzstan President Kurmanbek Bakiyev [53] 25 Mar 2005
Prime minister Igor Chudinov 24 Dec 2007

[edit] States - L

State Status Name Since
Laos General secretary of
the Lao People's Revolutionary Party		 Choummaly Sayasone 21 Mar 2006
President Choummaly Sayasone 8 Jun 2006
Chairman of the Council of Ministers Bouasone Bouphavanh 8 Jun 2006
Latvia President Valdis Zatlers 8 Jul 2007
Prime minister Aigars Kalvitis [54] 2 Dec 2004
Lebanon President Fouad Siniora (acting) [55] 24 Nov 2007
Prime minister Fouad Siniora 19 Jul 2005
Lesotho King Letsie III [56] 7 Feb 1996
Prime minister Pakalitha Mosisili 29 May 1998
Liberia President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf 16 Jan 2006
Libya Guide of the Revolution Muammar al-Qaddafi 1 Sep 1969
General secretary of
the General People's Congress		 Zentani Muhammad az-Zentani 18 Nov 1992
General secretary of
the General People's Committee		 Al-Baghdadi Ali al-Mahmudi 5 Mar 2006
Liechtenstein Sovereign prince Hans-Adam II [57] 13 Nov 1989
Prince Alois (regent) 15 Aug 2004
Head of government Otmar Hasler 5 Apr 2001
Lithuania President Valdas Adamkus [58] 12 Jul 2004
Prime minister Gediminas Kirkilas 4 Jul 2006
Luxembourg President Henri [59] 7 Oct 2000
Prime minister Jean-Claude Juncker 20 Jan 1995

[edit] States - M

State Status Name Since
Macedonia President Branko Crvenkovski 12 May 2004
Prime minister Nikola Gruevski 27 Aug 2006
Madagascar President Marc Ravalomanana 22 Feb 2002
Prime minister Charles Rabemananjara 20 Jan 2007
Malawi President Bingu wa Mutharika 24 May 2004
Malaysia Paramount ruler Mizan Zainal Abidin [60] 13 Dec 2006
Prime minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi 31 Oct 2003
Maldives President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom 11 Nov 1978
Mali President Amadou Toumani Touré [61] 8 Jun 2002
Prime minister Modibo Sidibé 28 Sep 2007
Malta President Eddie Fenech Adami 4 Apr 2004
Prime minister Lawrence Gonzi 23 Mar 2004
Marshall Islands President Litokwa Tomeing 7 Jan 2008
Mauritania President Sidi Mohamed Ould Cheikh Abdallahi 19 Apr 2007
Prime minister Zeine Ould Zeidane 20 Apr 2007
Mauritius President Sir Anerood Jugnauth [62] 7 Aug 2003
Prime minister Navin Ramgoolam [63] 5 Jul 2005
Mexico President Felipe Calderón 1 Dec 2006
Federated States of Micronesia President Manny Mori 11 May 2007
Moldova President Vladimir Voronin 7 Apr 2001
Prime minister Vasile Tarlev 19 Apr 2001
Monaco Prince Albert II [64] 6 Apr 2005
Minister of state Jean-Paul Proust 1 Jun 2005
Mongolia President Nambaryn Enkhbayar 24 Jun 2005
Prime minister Sanj Bayar 22 Nov 2007
Montenegro President Filip Vujanovic [65] 22 May 2003
Prime minister Sanj Bayar 22 Nov 2007
Morocco King Muhammad VI 23 Jul 1999
Prime minister Abbas El Fassi 19 Sep 2007
Mozambique President Armando Guebuza [66] 2 Feb 2005
Prime minister Luisa Diogo 17 Feb 2004


[edit] States - N-R

State Status Name Since
Namibia President Hifikepunye Pohamba 21 Mar 2005
Prime minister Nahas Angula 21 Mar 2005
Nauru President Marcus Stephen 19 Dec 2007
Nepal King Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Deva [67] 4 Jun 2001
Girija Prasad Koirala (acting head of state) 15 Jan 2007
Prime minister Girija Prasad Koirala [68] 30 Apr 2006
The Netherlands Queen Beatrix 30 Apr 1980
Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende 22 Jul 2002
New Zealand Queen Elizabeth II 6 Feb 1952
Governor-general Anand Satyanand 23 Aug 2006
Prime minister Helen Clark 10 Dec 1999
Nicaragua President Daniel Ortega [69] 10 Jan 2007
Niger President Mamadou Tandja 22 Dec 1999
Prime minister Seyni Oumarou 7 Jun 2007
Nigeria President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua 29 May 2007
Norway King Harald V [70] 17 Jan 1991
Prime minister Jens Stoltenberg [71] 7 Jun 2007
Oman Sultan Qabus ibn Sa`id 23 Jul 1970
Prime minister Qabus ibn Sa`id 2 Jan 1972
Pakistan President Pervez Musharraf [72] 20 Jun 2001
Prime minister Mohammadmian Soomro 16 Nov 2007
Palau President Tommy Remengesau 1 Jan 2001
Panama President Martín Torrijos 1 Sep 2004
Papua New Guinea Queen Elizabeth II 16 Sep 1975
Governor-general Sir Paulias Matane 29 Jun 2004
Prime minister Sir Michael Somare [73] 5 Aug 2002
Paraguay President Nicanor Duarte Frutos 15 Aug 2003
Peru President Alan García [74] 28 Jul 2006
Prime minister Jorge del Castillo 28 Jul 2006
Philippines President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo 20 Jan 2001
Poland President Lech Kaczynski 23 Dec 2005
Prime minister Donald Tusk 16 Nov 2007
Portugal President Aníbal Cavaco Silva 9 Mar 2006
Prime minister José Sócrates 12 Mar 2005
Qatar Emir Sheikh Hamad ibn Khalifah Al Thani 27 Jun 1995
Prime minister Sheikh Hamad ibn Jassim ibn Jabr Al Thani 3 Apr 2007
Romania President Traian Basescu [75] 20 Dec 2004
Prime minister Calin Popescu-Tariceanu 29 Dec 2004
Russia President Vladimir Putin [76] 31 Dec 1999
Prime minister Viktor Zubkov 14 Sep 2007
Rwanda President Paul Kagame [77] 24 Mar 2000
Prime minister Bernard Makuza 8 Mar 2000


[edit] States - S

State Status Name Since
Saint Kitts and Nevis Queen Elizabeth II 19 Sep 1983
Governor-general Sir Cuthbert Sebastian 1 Jan 1996
Prime minister Denzil Douglas 7 Jul 1995
Saint Lucia Queen Elizabeth II 22 Feb 1979
Governor-general Dame Pearlette Louisy 17 Sep 1997
Prime minister Stephenson King [78] 1 May 2007
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Queen Elizabeth II 27 Oct 1979
Governor-general Sir Frederick Ballantyne 2 Sep 2002
Prime minister Ralph Gonsalves 29 Mar 2001
Samoa Head of state Tuiatua Tupua Tamasese Efi [79] 20 Jun 2007
Prime minister Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi 23 Nov 1998
San Marino Captains-regent Mirko Tomassoni 1 Oct 2007
Alberto Selva 1 Oct 2007
São Tomé and Príncipe President Fradique de Menezes [80] 23 Jul 2003
Prime minister Tomé Vera Cruz 21 Apr 2006
Saudi Arabia King Abdullah [81] 1 Aug 2005
Prime minister Abdullah 1 Aug 2005
Senegal President Abdoulaye Wade 1 Apr 2000
Prime minister Cheikh Hadjibou Soumaré 19 Jun 2007
Serbia President Boris Tadic 11 Jul 2004
Prime minister Vojislav Kostunica 3 Mar 2004
Seychelles President James Michel 14 Apr 2004
Sierra Leone President Ernest Bai Koroma 17 Sep 2007
Singapore President S.R. Nathan 1 Sep 1999
Prime minister Lee Hsien Loong 12 Aug 2004
Slovakia President Ivan Gasparovic 15 Jun 2004
Prime minister Robert Fico 4 Jul 2006
Slovenia President Danilo Türk 22 Dec 2007
Prime minister Janez Jansa 9 Nov 2004
Solomon Islands Queen Elizabeth II 7 Jul 1978
Governor-general Sir Nathaniel Waena 7 Jul 2004
Prime minister Derek Sikua 20 Dec 2007
Somalia President Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed [82] 14 Oct 2004
Prime minister Nur Hassan Hussein 24 Nov 2007
South Africa President Thabo Mbeki 16 Jun 1999
Spain King Juan Carlos I [83] 22 Nov 1975
Prime minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero 17 Apr 2004
Sri Lanka President Mahinda Rajapakse [84] 19 Nov 2005
Prime minister Ratnasiri Wickremanayake [85] 21 Nov 2005
The Sudan President Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir [86] 30 Jun 1989
Suriname President Ronald Venetiaan [87] 12 Aug 2000
Vice president [88] Ram Sardjoe 12 Aug 2005
Swaziland King Mswati III 25 Apr 1986
Prime minister Themba Dlamini 26 Nov 2003
Sweden King Carl XVI Gustaf 15 Sep 1973
Prime minister Fredrik Reinfeldt 6 Oct 2006
Switzerland President [89] Pascal Couchepin 1 Jan 2008
Syria President Bashar al-Assad 17 Jul 2000
Prime minister Muhammad Naji al-Otari 10 Sep 2003


[edit] States - T

State Status Name Since
Taiwan President Chen Shui-bian 20 May 2000
President of the Executive Yuan Chang Chun-hsiung [90] 21 May 2007
Tajikistan President Emomalii Rakhmon [91] 19 Nov 1992
Prime minister Akil Akilov 20 Dec 1999
Tanzania President Jakaya Kikwete 21 Dec 2005
Prime minister Edward Lowassa 30 Dec 2005
Thailand King Bhumibol Adulyadej 9 Jun 1946
Prime minister Samak Sundaravej 29 Jan 2008
Togo President Faure Gnassingbé [92] 4 May 2005
Prime minister Komlan Mally 6 Dec 2007
Tonga King George Tupou V 11 Sep 2006
Prime minister Feleti Sevele [93] 11 Feb 2006
Trinidad and Tobago President Maxwell Richards 17 Mar 2003
Prime minister Patrick Manning [94] 24 Dec 2001
Tunisia President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali 7 Nov 1987
Prime minister Mohamed Ghannouchi 17 Nov 1999
Turkey President Abdullah Gül 28 Aug 2007
Prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan 14 Mar 2003
Turkmenistan President Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov [95] 21 Dec 2006
Tuvalu Queen Elizabeth II 1 Oct 1978
Governor-general Sir Filoimea Telito 15 Apr 2005
Prime minister Apisai Ielemia 14 Aug 2006


[edit] States - U-Z

State Status Name Since
Uganda President Yoweri Museveni [96] 26 Jan 1986
Prime minister Apolo Nsibambi 5 Apr 1999
Ukraine President Viktor Yushchenko 23 Jan 2005
Prime minister Yuliya Tymoshenko [97] 18 Dec 2007
United Arab Emirates President Sheikh Khalifa ibn Zaid Al Nahayan 3 Nov 2004
Prime minister Sheikh Muhammad ibn Rashid Al Maktum 5 Jan 2006
United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth II 6 Feb 1952
Prime minister Gordon Brown 27 Jun 2007
United States President George W. Bush 20 Jan 2001
Uruguay President Tabaré Vázquez 1 Mar 2005
Uzbekistan President Islam Karimov [98] 24 Mar 1990
Prime minister Shavkat Mirziyayev 11 Dec 2003
Vanuatu President Kalkot Mataskelekele 16 Aug 2004
Prime minister Ham Lini 11 Dec 2004
Vatican City (Holy See) Sovereign Benedictus XVI 19 Apr 2005
Secretary of state Tarcisio Cardinal Bertone 15 Sep 2006
Venezuela President Hugo Chávez [99] 14 Apr 2002
Executive vice-president Ramón Carrizalez 6 Jan 2008
Vietnam General secretary of the Communist Party Nong Duc Manh 22 Apr 2001
President Nguyen Minh Triet 27 Jun 2006
Prime minister Nguyen Tan Dung 27 Jun 2006
Yemen President Ali Abdullah Saleh [100] 22 May 1990
Prime minister Ali Muhammad Mujawar 7 Apr 2007
Zambia President Levy Mwanawasa 2 Jan 2002
Zimbabwe President Robert Mugabe [101] 31 Dec 1987


[edit] Quasi states

State Status Name Since
Kosovo Prefect of Kosovo district Srdjan Vasic 28 Sep 2004
Administrator [102] Joachim Rücker (Germany) 1 Sep 2006
President Fatmir Sejdiu 10 Feb 2006
Prime minister Hashim Thaçi 9 Jan 2008
Sovereign Military Order of Malta [103] Grand master Fra' Giacomo Dalla Torre (acting) 7 Feb 2008
Grand chancellor Jean-Pierre Mazery [104] 3 Nov 2004
Palestine [105] President Mahmoud Abbas 15 Jan 2005
Prime minister Salam Fayyad [106] 17 Jun 2007
Western Sahara [107] President Mohamed Abdelaziz [108] 30 Aug 1976
Prime minister Abdelkader Taleb Oumar 29 Oct 2003

[edit] De facto independent states

State Status Name Since
Abkhazia President Sergey Bagapsh 12 Feb 2005
Prime minister Aleksandr Ankvab 14 Feb 2005
Dniester Republic President Igor Smirnov [109] 2 Sep 1990
Nagorno-Karabakh President Bako Sahakyan 7 Sep 2007
Prime minister Araik Arutyunyan 14 Sep 2007
North Cyprus President Mehmet Ali Talat [110] 24 Apr 2005
Prime minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer 26 Apr 2005
Somaliland President Dahir Riyale Kahin 3 May 2002
South Ossetia President Eduard Kokoyty 18 Dec 2001
Prime minister Yury Morozov 5 Jul 2005

[edit] Govenments in exile/alternative governments

State Status Name Since
Abkhazia [111] Chairman of the Supreme Council Temur Mzhavia 16 Mar 2004
Prime minister Malkhaz Akishbaya 21 Mar 2006
Belarus Chairman of the Rada Ivonka Survilla 1997
Republic of Estonia in exile Prime minister acting as president Kalev Ots [112] 28 Nov 2003
Acting prime minister Ahti Mänd 7 Dec 2003
Chechnya Emir Doku Umarov [113] 7 Oct 2007
South Moluccas President Frans L.J. Tutuhatunewa [114] 10 Apr 1993
South Ossetia [115] President Dmitry Sanakoyev 1 Dec 2006
Prime minister Uruzmag Karkusov 7 Dec 2006
Tibet Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso [116] 25 Aug 1939
Chairman of the Cabinet Samdhong Rinpoche 5 Sep 2001


[edit] Dependencies

Dependency Status Name Since
Åland Islands Governor Peter Lindbäck 1 Apr 1999
Lantråd Viveka Eriksson 26 Nov 2007
American Samoa Governor Togiola Tulafono [117] 26 Mar 2003
Anguilla Governor Andrew George 10 Jul 2006
Chief minister Osbourne Fleming 6 Mar 2000
Aruba Governor Fredis Refunjol 11 May 2004
Prime minister Nelson Oduber [118] 30 Oct 2001
Ashmore and Cartier Islands Administrator [119] Peter Garrett 3 Dec 2007
Baker Island Administrator [120] Dale Hall 12 Oct 2005
Bermuda Governor Sir Richard Gozney 12 Dec 2007
Premier Ewart Brown 30 Oct 2006
British Indian Ocean Territory Commissioner Leigh Turner Jul 2006
Administrator Tony Humphries Feb 2005
British Sovereign Base Areas [121] Administrator Richard Lacey 26 Apr 2006
British Virgin Islands Governor David Pearey Jul 2006
Premier Ralph O'Neal [122] 23 Aug 2007
Cayman Islands Governor Stuart Jack 23 Nov 2005
Leader of government business Kurt Tibbetts [123] 23 Aug 2007
Christmas Island Administrator Neil Lucas 30 Jan 2006
Clipperton Administrator [124] Michèle Alliot-Marie 18 May 2007
Cocos Islands Administrator Neil Lucas 30 Jan 2006
Cook Islands High commissioner John Bryan 2005
Queen's Representative Sir Fred Goodwin 9 Feb 2001
Prime minister Jim Marurai 14 Dec 2004
Coral Sea Islands Administrator [125] Anthony Albanese 3 Dec 2007
Faeroe Islands High commissioner Søren Christensen 1 Aug 2005
Prime minister Jóannes Eidesgaard 3 Feb 2004
Falkland Islands Governor Alan Huckle 28 Aug 2006
French Polynesia High commissioner Anne Boquet 10 Sep 2005
President Oscar Temaru [126] 13 Sep 2007
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Administrator-superior Éric Pilloton 10 Apr 2007
Gibraltar Governor Sir Robert Fulton 27 Sep 2006
Chief minister Peter Caruana 17 May 1996
Greenland High commissioner Søren Hald Møller 1 Apr 2005
Prime minister Hans Enoksen 14 Dec 2002
Guam Governor Felix Camacho 6 Jan 2003
Guernsey Lieutenant governor Sir Fabian Malbon 18 Oct 2005
Bailiff Geoffrey Rowland 16 Jun 2005
Chief minister Mike Torode 5 Mar 2007
Heard Island and McDonald Islands Administrator [127] Tony Press 23 Nov 1998
Hongkong Chief executive Donald Tsang [128] 24 Jun 2005
Howland Island Administrator [120] Dale Hall 12 Oct 2005
Isle of Man Lieutenant governor Sir Paul Haddacks 17 Oct 2005
Chief minister Tony Brown 14 Dec 2006
Jan Mayen Administrator [129] Åshild Hauan 1 Jan 1995
Jarvis Island Administrator [120] Dale Hall 12 Oct 2005
Jersey Lieutenant governor Andrew Ridgway 14 Jun 2006
Bailiff Sir Philip Bailhache Feb 1995
Chief minister Frank Walker 5 Dec 2005
Johnston Atoll Administrator [120] Dale Hall 12 Oct 2005
Kingman Reef Administrator [120] Dale Hall 12 Oct 2005
Macau Chief executive Edmund Ho 20 dec 1999
Mayotte Prefect Vincent Bouvier 1 Feb 2007
President of the General Council Said Omar Oili 2 Apr 2004
Midway Atoll Administrator [120] Dale Hall 12 Oct 2005
Montserrat Governor Peter Waterworth 27 Jul 2007
Chief minister Lowell Lewis 2 Jun 2006
Navassa Island Administrator [120] Dale Hall 12 Oct 2005
Netherlands Antilles Governor Frits Goedgedrag 1 Jul 2002
Chief minister Emily de Jongh-Elhage 26 Mar 2006
New Caledonia High commissioner Yves Dassonville 9 Nov 2007
President of the Government Harold Martin 7 Aug 2007
Niue High commissioner Anton Ojala Feb 2006
Premier Young Vivian [130] 1 May 2002
Norfolk Island Administrator Owen Walsh (acting) 8 Aug 2007
Chief minister Andre Neville Nobbs 28 Mar 2007
Northern Mariana Islands Governor Benigno R. Fitial [131] 9 Jan 2006
Palmyra Atoll Administrator [120] Dale Hall 12 Oct 2005
Pitcairn Island Governor [132] George Fergusson 2 May 2006
Mayor Jay Warren [133] 1 Jan 2005
Puerto Rico Governor Aníbal Acevedo Vilá 2 Jan 2005
Saint-Barthélemy Prefect [134] Dominique Lacroix 21 Mar 2007
President of the Territorial Council Bruno Magras [135] 15 Jul 2007
Saint Helena Governor Andrew Gurr 11 Nov 2007
Saint-Martin Prefect [136] Dominique Lacroix 21 Mar 2007
President of the Territorial Council Louis Constant Fleming 15 Jul 2007
Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Prefect Yves Fauqueur 28 Aug 2006
President of the Territorial Council Stéphane Artano 31 Mar 2006
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Commissioner [137] Alan Huckle 28 Aug 2006
Svalbard Governor Per Sefland 1 Oct 2005
Tokelau Administrator David Payton 17 Oct 2006
Head of government Kuresa Nasau [138] Feb 2007
Turks and Caicos Islands Governor Richard Tauwhare 11 Jul 2005
Premier Michael Misick [139] 15 Aug 2003
Virgin Islands (U.S.) Governor John deJongh 1 Jan 2007
Wake Island Administrator [120] David B. Cohen [140] June 2002
Wallis and Futuna Administrator-superior Richard Didier 14 aug 2006

[edit] Autonomous regions and particular administrative divisions - A-L

Division Status Name Since
Abu Dhabi Ruler Sheikh Khalifa ibn Zaid Al Nahayan 2 Nov 2004
Aceh Governor Irwandi Yusuf 8 Feb 2007
Adygeya President Aslan Tkhakushinov 13 Jan 2007
Prime minister Vladimir Samozhenkov [141] 15 Jan 2007
Ajaria Chairman of the Supreme Council Mikheil Makharadze 20 Jul 2004
Premier ministre Levan Varshalomidze [142] 20 Jul 2004
Ajman Ruler Sheikh Humayd ibn Rashid Al Nuaimi 6 sep 1981
Alaska Governor Sarah Palin 4 Dec 2006
Altai Republic Head of the Republic Aleksandr Berdnikov 20 Jan 2006
Andalusia President of the Junta Manuel Chaves González 27 Jul 1990
Anjouan President Mohamed Bacar [143] 30 Jun 2007
Aosta Valley President Luciano Caveri 4 Jul 2005
Athos Spiritual leader Vartholomaios I [144] 2 Oct 1991
Azores Representative of the Republic José António Mesquita 30 Mar 2006
President of the Government Carlos César 9 Nov 1996
Balearic Islands President of the Government Francesc Antich i Oliver [145] 6 Jul 2007
Bali Governor Dewa Beratha 1998
Barbuda Chairman of the Barbuda Council Randolph Beazer 19 Jan 2006
Bashkortostan President Murtaza Rakhimov [146] 7 Apr 1990
Prime minister Rafael Baidavletov 12 Jan 1999
Basque Country President of the Lehendakaris Juan José Ibarretxe 2 Jan 1999
Bavaria Minister-president Günther Beckstein 9 Octobre 2007
Beni Governor Ernesto Suárez 2006
Bougainville President Joseph Kabui 15 Jun 2005
Brcko International supervisor Raffi Gregorian (U.S.) 1 Oct 2006
Mayor Mirsad Djapo 8 Dec 2004
Brussels-Capital Governor Véronique Paulus de Châtelet 22 Dec 1998
Minister-president Charles Picqué [147] 19 Jul 2004
Buganda King Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II 24 Jul 1993
Prime minister John Baptist Walusimbi 8 Jan 2008
Buryatia President Vyacheslav Nagovitsyn 10 Jul 2007
Cabinda Governor José Anibal Rochas Apr 2002
California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger 17 Nov 2003
Canary Islands President of the Government Paulino Rivero Baute 13 Jul 2007
Caprivi Governor Bernard Sibalatani 2003 ?
Catalonia President of the Generalitat José Montilla Aguilera 28 Nov 2006
Ceuta President Juan Jesús Vivas Lara 7 Feb 2001
Chatham Islands Mayor Pat Smith 2004 ?
Chechnya President Ramzan Kadyrov [148] 15 Feb 2007
Prime minister Odes Baisultanov 10 Apr 2007
Chiapas Governor Juan Sabines Guerrero 8 Dec 2006
Chukotka Governor Roman Abramovich 17 Jan 2001
Chuvashia President Nikolay Fyodorov 21 Jan 1994
Prime minister Sergey Gaplikov [149] 23 Apr 2004
Corsica President of the Corsican Assembly Camille de Rocca-Serra 1 Apr 2004
President of the Executive Council Ange Santini 4 Apr 2004
Crete Secretary-general Serafeim Tsokas 7 Apr 2004
Crimea President Anatoliy Hrytsenko [150] 12 May 2006
Prime minister Viktor Plakida 2 Jun 2006
Dagestan President Mukhu Aliyev 20 Feb 2006
Prime minister Shamil Zaynalov 6 Mar 2006
Darfur President of the TDRA Minni Minnawi 2007
Dubai Ruler Sheikh Muhammad ibn Rashid Al Maktum 4 Jan 2006
Federation of Bosnia and Hercegovina President Borjana Kristo 22 Feb 2007
Prime minister Nedzad Brankovic [151] 30 Mar 2007
Flanders Minister-president Kris Peeters 28 Jun 2007
Florida Governor Charlie Crist 2 Jan 2007
French Guiana Prefect Jean-Pierre Laflaquière 28 Aug 2006
President of the of the Regional Council Antoine Karam 29 Mar 1992
President of the General Council Pierre Désert 4 Apr 2004
Friuli-Venezia Giulia President Riccardo Illy 16 Jun 2003
Fujairah Ruler Sheikh Hamad ibn Muhammad ash-Sharqi 18 Sep 1974
Futuna Ruler Soane Patita Maituku 21 Nov 2002
Prime minister Lukano Mataele 2006 ?
Gagauzia President Mihail Formuzal 29 Dec 2006
Galápagos Governor Galo Salomón Herrera Estrella 18 Jan 2007
Galicia President of the Xunta Emilio Pérez Touriño 2 Aug 2005
Gorno-Badakshan Chairman of the administration Kodir Kosimov [152] 25 Nov 2006
Gotland Governor Marianne Samuelsson 2004
Grande Comore President Mohamed Abdoulwahab 30 Jun 2007
Graubünden President of the Government Stefan Engler [153] 1 Jan 2008
Guadeloupe Prefect Emmanuel Berthier 5 Nov 2007
President of the of the Regional Council Victorin Lurel 2 Apr 2004
President of the General Council Jacques Gillot 23 Mar 2001
Guangxi Chairman of the government Lu Bing [154] 1 Apr 2003
Hainan Governor Wei Liucheng 22 Oct 2003
Hatay Governor Abdülkadir Sarı 2003
Hawaii Governor Linda Lingle 2 Dec 2002
Hiiumaa Governor Hannes Maasel 2004
Hokkaido Governor Harumi Takahashi 23 Apr 2003
Ingushetia President Murat Zyazikov 23 May 2002
Prime minister Ibragim Malsagov 30 Jun 2005
Inner Mongolia Chairman of the government Yang Jing [155] 3 Apr 2003
Istria County Governor Ivan Jakovcic 24 Jul 2001
Jammu and Kashmir Governor S.K. Sinha 4 Jun 2003
Prime minister Ghulam Nabi Azad 2 Nov 2005
Jeju-do Governor Kim Tae-hwan Jun 2004
Jewish Autonomous Oblast Head of the administration Nikolay Volkov 14 Dec 1991
Kabardino-Balkariya President Arsen Kanokov 28 Sep 2005
Prime minister Andrey Yarin 22 Jun 2006
Kaliningrad Head of the administration Georgy Boos 28 Sep 2005
Kalmykia Head of the Republic Kirsan Ilyumzhinov 23 Apr 1993
Prime minister Vladimir Sengleyev [156] 5 Dec 2007
Kamchatka Krai Governor Aleksey Kuzmitsky [157] 2 Jul 2007
Karachayevo-Cherkessia President Mustafa Batdyev 4 Sep 2003
Prime minister Alik Kardanov [158] 19 Jan 2005
Karakalpakstan Chairman of parliament Musa Erniyazov 3 May 2002
Prime minister Bakhodir Yangiboyev 3 Mar 2006
Karelia Head of the Republic Sergey Katanandov [159] 17 May 1998
Prime minister Pavel Chernov 1 Jan 2003
Khakassia President Aleksey Lebed 9 Jan 1997
Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Governor Aleksandr Filipenko 18 Dec 1991
Komi Republic Head of the Republic Vladimir Torlopov 15 Jan 2002
Kurdistan (autonomous region) President Massoud Barzani [160] 14 Jun 2005
Prime minister Nechirvan Barzani [161] Jun 2005

[edit] Autonomous regions and particular administrative divisions - M-Z

Division Status Name Since
Madeira Representative of the Republic Monteiro Diniz [162] 7 Oct 1997
President of the Government Alberto João Jardim 17 Mar 1978
Mari El President Leonid Markelov 14 Jan 2001
Martinique Prefect Ange Mancini 2 Aug 2007
President of the of the Regional Council Alfred Marie-Jeanne 20 Mar 1998
President of the General Council Claude Lise Apr 1992
Melilla President Juan José Imbroda Ortiz 19 Jul 2000
Autonomous Region in
Muslim Mindanao		 President Zaldy Ampatuan 30 Sep 2005
Mohéli President Mohamed Ali Said 1 Jul 2007
Mordovia Head of the Republic Nikolay Merkushkin [163] 24 Jan 1995
Prime minister Vladimir Volkov Oct 1995
Musandam Governor Saeed Bin Mohammed Al-Braiki 28 Sep 1998
Mustang King 'Jigs-med-rdo-rje-dgra-'dul 1964
Nakhichevan Chairman of the Parliament Vasif Yusuf ogly Talybov 2 Jul 1993
Chairman of the Council of Ministers Alovsat Gazanfar ogly Bakhshiev 2000
Nenets Autonomous Okrug Governor Valery Potapenko [164] 2 Jun 2006
Nevis Deputy governor-general Eustace John 1992
Premier Joseph Parry 11 Jul 2006
New York Governor Eliot Spitzer 1 Jan 2007
Ningxia Chairman of the government Ma Qizhi [165] Dec 1997
Nord-Kivu Governor Julien Paluku Kahongya 24 Feb 2007
North Atlantic
Autonomous Region		 Governor Reynaldo Francis Watson 4 May 2006
Northern Ireland First minister Ian Paisley 8 May 2007
North Ossetia-Alania Head of the Republic Taimuraz Mamsurov 7 Jun 2005
Prime minister Nikolay Khlyntsov 6 Sep 2006
Nunavut Commissionner Ann Meekitjuk Hanson 21 Apr 2005
Prime minister Paul Okalik 1 Apr 1999
Oecussi-Ambeno Governor Fransisco Marques  ?
Okinawa Governor Hirokazu Nakaima 10 Dec 2006
Pando Governor Leopoldo Fernández 2006
Papua (Indonesia) Governor Barnabas Suebu [166] 25 Jul 2006
Príncipe President of the Regional Government José Cassandra 5 Oct 2006
Quebec Lieutenant governor Pierre Duchesne 7 Jun 2007
Premier Jean Charest 29 Apr 2003
Ras al-Khaimah Ruler Sheikh Saqr ibn Muhammad al-Qasimi Feb 1948
Sheikh Saud ibn Saqr al-Qasimi
(de facto ruler)		 14 Jun 2003
Republika Srpska President Rajko Kuzmanovic 28 Dec 2007
Prime minister Milorad Dodik [167] 28 Feb 2006
Réunion Prefect Pierre-Henry Maccioni 28 Aug 2006
President of the of the Regional Council Paul Vergès 23 Mar 1998
President of the General Council Nassimah Dindar 1 Apr 2004
Rio de Janeiro Governor Sérgio Cabral Filho 1 Jan 2007
Rodrigues Chief commissioner Johnson Roussety 4 Aug 2006
Chief executive Jean-Claude Pierre-Louis 24 Oct 2004
Saaremaa Governor Toomas Kasemaa 24 Jul 2006
Saarland Minister-president Peter Müller 29 sep 1999
Sabah Chief of State Ahmadshah Abdullah 1 Jan 2003
Prime minister Musa Aman 27 Mar 2003
Sakha President Vyacheslav Shtyrov 27 Jan 2002
Prime minister Yegor Borisov 6 Feb 2003
Sakhalin Governor Aleksandr Khoroshavin [168] 7 Aug 2007
San Andrés y Providencia Governor Pedro Gallardo Forbes 1 Jan 2008
Santa Cruz Governor Rubén Costas Aguilera 2006
São Paulo Governor José Serra 1 Jan 2007
Sarawak Chief of State Abang Muhammad Salahuddin 4 Dec 2000
Prime minister Abdul Taib Mahmud 26 Mar 1981
Sardinia President Renato Soru 26 Jun 2004
Scania Governor Göran Tunhammar 1 Jul 2006
Scotland First minister Alex Salmond 17 May 2007
Sharjah Ruler Sheikh Sultan ibn Muhammad al-Qasimi [169] 23 Jun 1987
Sicily President Salvatore Cuffaro 11 Jul 2001
Sikkim Governor Sudarshan Agarwal 25 Oct 2007
Prime minister Pawan Chamling 12 Dec 1994
South Atlantic
Autonomous Region		 Governor Paulo Santos Avendaño Zapata 4 May 2006
Southern Sudan President of the Government Salva Kiir 11 Aug 2005
Tarija Governor Mario Cossío 2006
Tasmania Governor William Cox [170] 15 Dec 2004
Premier Paul Lennon [171] 23 Feb 2004
Tatarstan President Mintimer Shaimiyev [172] 11 Apr 1990
Prime minister Rustam Minnikhanov 10 Jul 1998
Texas Governor Rick Perry 21 Dec 2000
Tibet Autonomous Region Chairman of the government Jampa Phuntsok 16 May 2003
Tierra del Fuego Governor Fabiana Ríos 17 Dec 2007
Tobago Chief secretary of the House of Assembly Orville London 1 Feb 2001
Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol President Lorenzo Dellai 23 May 2006
Tuva Chairman of the government Sholban Kara-ool 6 Apr 2007
Udmurtia President Aleksandr Volkov [173] 19 Apr 1995
Prime minister Yury Pitkevich [174] Oct 2000
Umm al-Qaiwain Ruler Sheikh Rashid ibn Ahmad Al Mu`alla 21 feb 1981
Vojvodina President of the Assembly Bojan Kostres 30 Oct 2004
Chairman of the Executive Council Bojan Pajtic 30 Oct 2004
Wales First minister Rhodri Morgan [175] 9 feb 2000
Wallonia Minister-president Rudy Demotte 20 Jul 2007
West Papua Governor Abraham O. Atururi [176] 24 Jul 2006
Xinjiang Governor Ismail Tiliwaldi Jan 2003
Yamalia Governor Yury Neyelov [177] 12 Feb 1994
Yogyakarta Governor Hamengku Buwono X 7 Mar 1989
Zanzibar President Amani Abeid Karume 8 Nov 2000
Chief minister Shamsi Vuai Nahodha 15 Nov 2000

[edit] Uncertain status autonomous regions

Region Status Name Since
Azad Kashmir President Raja Zulqarnain Khan 25 Aug 2006
Prime minister Sardar Attique Ahmed Khan 24 Jul 2006
Galmudug President Mohamed Warsame Ali "Kiimiko" 14 Aug 2006
Maakhir President Jibrell Ali Salad 1 Jul 2007
Puntland President Mohamud Muse Hersi "Adde" 8 Jan 2005
Tamil Eelam President Velupillai Prabhakaran 1976 ?


[edit] Autonomous, insular, peninsular, etc. subdivisions

Subdivision Status Name Since
Alderney President of the States of Alderney Sir Norman Browse 19 Jan 2002
Alo Ruler Soane Patita Maituku 21 Nov 2002
Prime minister Lukano Mataele 2006 ?
Anglesey Chairman of the Council John Byast 2005
Ascension Administrator Michael Hill Sep 2005
Atafu Faipule [178] Kuresa Nasau [179] 2005
Pulenuku [180] Iosua Aleni 2005 ?
Bolzano-Bozen autonomous province President Luis Durnwalder 17 Mar 1989
Bonaire Administrator Herbert Filomeno Domacassé 2 Dec 2003
Bornholm Mayor Bjarne Kristiansen 1 Jan 2006
Brechou Tenant Sir David Barclay 1993
Cornwall Chairman of the County Council Doris Martyna Ansari 2005
Leader of the County Council David Whalley 2005
Crozet Islands Chief of district Olivier Delclos Aug 2007
Curaçao Administrator Lizanne Richards-Dindial 2000
Easter Island Governor Melania Carolina Hotu Hey 11 Mar 2006
Mayor of Hanga Roa Pedro Pablo Edmunds Paoa  ?
Fakaofo Faipule [178] Koloueri O'Brien Jan 1999
Pulenuku [180] Keli Neemia 1996
Frøya Mayor Arvid Hammernes 2003
Herm Tenants Adrian Heyworth 1998
Pennie Heyworth 1998
Hitra Mayor Egil Hestnes 2003
Îles Éparses Chief of district Thierry Perillo 23 Feb 2007
Jethou Seigneur Sir Peter Ogden 1994
Kerguelen Islands Chief of district Yann Libessart Aug 2007
Nukunonu Faipule [178] Pio Tuia Jan 1996
Pulenuku [180] Sakalia Vaha Tavite 2005 ?
Nunatsiavut President William Andersen III 1 Dec 2005
First minister Tony Andersen 1 Dec 2005
Orkney Convener of the Council Stephen Hagan 2003
Outer Hebrides Convener of the Council Alex MacDonald 18 May 1999
Saba Administrator Sydney A.E. Sorton [181] 1 Apr 2006
Saint-Paul and Amsterdam Chief of district Arnaud Quiniou Aug 2007
Sark Seigneur Sir Michael Beaumont 14 Jul 1974
Isles of Scilly Chairman of the Council Christine Savill 17 May 2005
Shetland Convener of the Council Sandy Cluness 22 May 2003
Sigave Ruler Visesio Moeliku 10 Mar 2004
Prime minister Lusiano Soko 2006 ?
Sint Eustatius Administrator Hyden C.I. Gittens 1 Jan 2004
Sint Maarten Administrator Franklyn E. Richards 22 Sep 2000
Leader of the Government Sarah Wescott-Williams 1 Jul 1999
Trento autonomous province President Lorenzo Dellai 24 Feb 1999
Tristan da Cunha Chief islander Conrad Glass Mar 2007
Administrator David Morley 30 sep 2007
`Uvea (Wallis) Ruler (vacant) 7 may 2007
Prime minister Kapeliele Faupala 2 Mar 2004
Clovis Logologofolau [182] 15 Jun 2005
Val d'Aran Syndic Francesc Xavier Boya i Alós 18 Jun 2007
Isle of Wight Chairman of the Council Andy Sutton 2005 ?

[edit] Others

Entity Status Name Since
Adélie Land Chief of district Thierry Delès Dec 2007
Antarctica Executive secretary of the Antarctic Treaty Jan Huber (Netherlands) 1 Sep 2004
Argentine Antarctic Governor of Tierra del Fuego Fabiana Ríos 17 Dec 2007
Australian Antarctic Territory Director of the Australian Antarctic Division Tony Press 23 Nov 1998
Avarua High chief Makea Margaret Karika 1996
Chilean Antarctica Governor of Antártica Chilena province Bélgica Arizmendy Carilao 11 Mar 2006
England President of the English Regions Network Keith Mitchell Jul 2006
European Union Presidency of the European Council Slovenia 1 Jan 2008
President of the European Commission José Manuel Durão Barroso (Portugal) 22 Nov 2004
President of the European Parliament Hans-Gert Pöttering (Germany) 16 Jan 2007
Gozo Minister for Gozo Giovanna Debono 8 Sep 1998
Guantanamo Bay Naval Base Commander Mark Leary 22 Sep 2005
Hutt River Prince Leonard I 1970
Kurdistan President of the Kurdistan National Congress Jawad Mella [183] 24 May 1999
Maori community King Tuheitia 21 Aug 2006
New England President of the New England
Governors' Conference		 Jim Douglas 2007
New Zealand Antarctic Territory
(Ross Dependency)		 Chief Executive Officer of
Antarctic New Zealand		 Lou Sanson 2002
Norwegian Antarctic Territory
(Queen Maude Land + Peter I Island)		 Director of the Norwegian Polar Institute Jan-Gunnar Winther 2005
Romani people President of the International Romani Union Emil Ščuka 2000
Saugeais President Georgette Bertin-Pourchet 28 Jan 2006
Prime minister Jean-Marie Nicod 1990
Savoy President of the Assemblée
des pays de Savoie		 Jean-Pierre Vial 2006
Sealand Prince Roy I 2 Sep 1967
Michael of Sealand 6 Nov 1999
Seborga Prince Giorgio I 23 Apr 1995

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Chairman of the Interim Administration to 19 Jun 2002.
  2. ^ Previously president from 9 Apr 1992 to 24 Jul 1997.
  3. ^ Acting to 21 Sep 1979.
  4. ^ Acting to 9 Apr 1998.
  5. ^ In Azeri, "İlham Əliyev".
  6. ^ In Azeri, "Artur Rasizadə". Acting for Aliyev to 4 Nov 2003. Previously prime minister from 20 Jul 1996 to 4 Aug 2003 (acting to 26 Nov 1996)
  7. ^ Previously from 21 Aug 1992 to 3 May 2002.
  8. ^ Emir from 6 Mar 1999 to 14 Feb 2002.
  9. ^ President of the State Council to 16 Aug 1971.
  10. ^ Acting to 19 Dec 2003.
  11. ^ Previously from 14 Aug 2002 to 30 Aug 2003.
  12. ^ The presidency is tripartite : the members are Željko Komšić (Croatian, since 6 Nov 2006), Nebojša Radmanović (Serb, since 6 Nov 2006), Haris Silajdžić (Bosniak, since 6 Nov 2006).
  13. ^ President of Popular Front (from 31 Oct 1987 also Head of State) to 24 Dec 1991.
  14. ^ Chairmen of the State Law and Order Restoration Council to 15 Nov 1997.
  15. ^ Acting to 24 Oct 2007 (for Soe Win to 12 Oct 2007).
  16. ^ Prime minister to 2 Jul 1993, coequal prime minister from 2 Jul 1993 to 21 Sep 1993, second prime minister from 21 Sep 1993 to 30 Nov 1998.
  17. ^ From 26 Jan 2006, Idriss Déby Itno. President of Patriotic Salvation Movement 2-4 Dec 1990, Head of State 4 Dec 1990 - 4 Mar 1991).
  18. ^ Previously from 6 Nov 1993 to 8 Apr 1995.
  19. ^ De facto in control from 15 Oct 1997. Previously member of the Military Committee of the Congolese Labour Party (18 Mar - 3 Apr 1977) and president from 8 Feb 1979 to 31 Aug 1992 (Head of State to 14 Aug 1979).
  20. ^ Interim to 26 Jan 2001.
  21. ^ Previously president from 31 Mar 1961 to 5 Aug 1961 (Head of State, in rebellion, at Stanleyville) and prime minister from 13 Dec 1960 to 5 Aug 1961 (in rebellion, at Stanleyville).
  22. ^ Previously from 8 May 1986 to 8 May 1990.
  23. ^ Previously prime minister from 30 May to 24 Aug 1990. Also president of the Collective Presidency of Yugoslavia (1 Jul - 3 Oct 1991).
  24. ^ Communist Party of Cuba = to 26 Mar 1962, Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (ORI); 26 Mar 1962 - 3 Oct 1965, United Party of the Cuban Socialist Revolution (PUSC).
  25. ^ Premier from 16 Feb 1959 to 2 Dec 1976.
  26. ^ Previously acting president (1 Jan - 2 Feb 1993).
  27. ^ Previously from 16 Aug 1996 to 16 Aug 2000.
  28. ^ Previously prime minister from 26 Jun 2006 to 19 May 2007 (acting to 10 Jul 2006).
  29. ^ Previously president from 20 May 2002 to 20 May 2007.
  30. ^ Chairman Revolutionary Military Council to 25 Aug 1979, chairman Supreme Military Council 25 Aug 1979 - 12 Oct 1982.
  31. ^ Secretary-general of the Provisional Government to 24 May 1993.
  32. ^ Previously president (interim) from 28 May 1991 to 22 Aug 1995.
  33. ^ Interim to 15 Mar 2001. From 5 Dec 2006 to 4 Jan 2007, Voreqe Bainimarama is acting president for suspended Iloilo.
  34. ^ Interim. Previously acting president from 5 Dec 2006 to 4 Jan 2007.
  35. ^ Chairman Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council to 28 Sep 1996; Head of State to 18 Oct 1996.
  36. ^ Previously 25 Jan 2004 to 25 Nov 2007.
  37. ^ Chairman Military Committee of National Restoration to 5 Apr 1984.
  38. ^ Previously from 14 Nov 1980 to 14 May 1984 (chairman Council of the Revolution) and from 16 May 1984 to 7 May 1999 (chairman Council of State to 29 Sep 1994).
  39. ^ Previously prime minister from 9 Aug 1999 to 11 Aug 1999.
  40. ^ Previously president from 6 Mar 1997 to 19 Dec 1997, and prime minister from 9 Oct 1992 to 17 Mar 1997 and from 22 Dec 1997 to 9 Aug 1999.
  41. ^ Previously prime minister from 13 Feb 1991 to 11 Oct 1991 and president from 7 Feb 1996 to 7 Feb 2001.
  42. ^ Previously prime minister from 26 Mar 1999 to 2 Mar 2001.
  43. ^ Acting for Péter Medgyessy to 29 Sep 2004.
  44. ^ Previously prime minister from 22 Apr 1977 to 21 Jun 1977 (acting), from 14 Sep 1984 to 20 Oct 1986, and from 4 Nov 1995 to 18 Jun 1996 (acting to 22 Nov 1995).
  45. ^ Acting for Ariel Sharon to 14 Apr 2006.
  46. ^ Previously from 18 May 1996 to 21 Oct 1998.
  47. ^ Previously first secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh S.S.R. (22 Jun 1989 - 28 Aug 1991), Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (22 Feb 1990 - 24 Apr 1990), chairman of the Council of Ministers (27 Jul 1989 - 14 Oct 1991).
  48. ^ The Preface to the Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea states, "The DPRK and the entire Korean people will uphold the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung as the eternal President of the Republic, defend and carry forward his ideas and exploits and complete the Juche revolution under the leadership of the Workers' Party of Korea." Kim Il Sung died in 1994.
  49. ^ Declared "the highest post of the state" 5 Sep 1998.
  50. ^ From 12 Mar 2004 to 14 May 2004, Goh Kun is acting president for suspended Roh. On 19 Dec 2007, Lee Myung Bak is elected president.
  51. ^ Previously acting prime minister from 14 Mar 2006 to 19 Apr 2006.
  52. ^ Prime minister from 13 Jul 2003 to 7 Feb 2006.
  53. ^ Acting to 14 Aug 2005.
  54. ^ On Dec 5 hands in his resignation. On Dec 14 Ivars Godmanis is asked to form a new cabinet.
  55. ^ A presidential election is scheduled on 11 Feb 2008.
  56. ^ Previously from 12 Nov 1990 to 25 Jan 1995.
  57. ^ Regent from 26 Aug 1984 to 13 Nov 1989.
  58. ^ Previously from 26 Feb 1998 to 25 Feb 2003.
  59. ^ Regent from 3 Mar 1998 to 7 Oct 2000.
  60. ^ Previously from 21 Nov 2001 to 13 Dec 2001 (acting).
  61. ^ Previously from 26 Mar 1991 to 8 Jun 1992 (chairman National Reconciliation Council to 31 Mar 1991, then chairman Transitional Committee for the Salvation of the People).
  62. ^ Previously prime minister from 16 Jun 1982 to 22 Dec 1995 and from 17 Sep 2000 to 30 Sep 2003.
  63. ^ Previously from 22 Dec 1995 - 17 Sep 2000.
  64. ^ Regent from 31 Mar 2005 to 6 Apr 2005.
  65. ^ Previously prime minister (5 Feb 1998 - 8 Jan 2003) and acting president (25 Nov 2002 - 19 May 2003).
  66. ^ Previously member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of FRELIMO acting as president (19 Oct 1986 - 6 Nov 1986).
  67. ^ Regent for Dipendra (2-4 Jun 2001); suspended from 15 Jan 2007. Previously king from 7 Nov 1950 to 7 Jan 1951.
  68. ^ Previously from 26 May 1991 to 30 Nov 1994, from 15 Apr 1998 to 31 May 1999, and from 22 Mar 2000 to 26 Jul 2001.
  69. ^ Previously member of the Government Junta of National Reconstruction (18 Jul 1979 - 10 Jan 1985 ; coordinator from 4 Mar 1981) and president from 10 Jan 1985 to 25 Apr 1990.
  70. ^ Crown Prince Haakon regent from 25 Nov 2003 to 13 Apr 2004 and from 29 Mar 2005 to 7 Jun 2005.
  71. ^ Previously from 17 Mar 2000 to 19 Oct 2001.
  72. ^ Previously prime minister ("chief executive") from 14 Oct 1999 to 23 Nov 2002.
  73. ^ Previously prime minister from 27 Apr 1972 to 11 Mar 1980 (chief minister to 16 sep 1975) and from 2 Aug 1982 to 21 Nov 1985.
  74. ^ Previously from 28 Jul 1985 to 28 Jul 1990.
  75. ^ From 20 Apr to 23 May 2007, Nicolae Vacaroiu is acting for suspended Basescu.
  76. ^ Acting to 7 May 2000.
  77. ^ Acting to 22 Apr 2000.
  78. ^ Acting to 9 Sep 2007.
  79. ^ Previously member of the council of deputies acting as head of state (11 May - 20 Jun 2007).
  80. ^ Previously from 3 Sep 2001 to 16 Jul 2003.
  81. ^ Previously regent (1 Jan - 21 Feb 1996).
  82. ^ In Nairobi exile to 13 Jun 2005, from 26 Jul 2005 in Jowhar, from 26 Feb 2006 in Baidoa, from 8 Jan 2007 in Mogadishu.
  83. ^ Previously acting head of state (19 Jul - 2 Sep 1974 and 30 Oct - 20 Nov 1975).
  84. ^ Previously prime minister from 6 Apr 2004 to 21 Nov 2005.
  85. ^ Previously from 10 Aug 2000 to 9 Dec 2001.
  86. ^ President of Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation to 16 Oct 1993.
  87. ^ Previously from 16 Sep 1991 to 15 Sep 1996.
  88. ^ Chairing the Council of Ministers ex officio.
  89. ^ The presidency (Federal Council) is collegial, the president of the Swiss Confederation serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year. The members of the Federal Council are Moritz Leuenberger (since 1 Nov 1995), Pascal Couchepin (since 1 Apr 1999), Samuel Schmid (since 1 Jan 2001), Micheline Calmy-Rey (since 1 Jan 2003), Hans-Rudolf Merz (since 1 Jan 2004, vice-president of the Confederation for 2008), Doris Leuthard (since 1 Aug 2006), Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf (since 1 Jan 2008).
  90. ^ Previously from 6 Oct 2000 to 1 Feb 2002.
  91. ^ Acting to 27 Nov 1992; chairman Supreme Council 27 Nov 1992 - 16 Nov 1994.
  92. ^ Previously from 5 to 25 Feb 2005 (acting to 21)
  93. ^ Acting to 30 Mar 2006.
  94. ^ Previously from 17 Dec 1991 to 9 Nov 1995.
  95. ^ Acting to 14 Feb 2007.
  96. ^ Commander National Resistance Army to 29 Jan 1986.
  97. ^ Previously from 24 Jan 2005 to 8 Sep 2005.
  98. ^ Previously first secretary of the Communist Party of the Uzbek S.S.R. (23 Jun 1989 - 3 Nov 1991).
  99. ^ Previously from 2 Feb 1999 to 12 Apr 2002.
  100. ^ Chairman Presidential Council to 1 Oct 1994. Previously president of North Yemen (18 Jul 1978 - 22 May 1990).
  101. ^ Previously prime minister (18 Apr 1980 - 31 Dec 1987).
  102. ^ Head of United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo.
  103. ^ Though without a territory since 1798, the Sovereign Military Order of Malta still regards itself, and is regarded by several states that give it diplomatic recognition, as a sovereign state.
  104. ^ Acting to 16 Apr 2005.
  105. ^ Palestinian Authority created to administer most of Gaza Strip and parts of West Bank (Jericho area handed over 13 May 1994, Gaza Strip 18 May 1994, Jenin 13 Nov 1995, Tulkarem 10 Dec 1995, Nablus 11 Dec 1995, Qalqilya 16 Dec 1995, Bethlehem 21 Dec 1995, Ramallah 27 Dec 1995, 80% of Hebron 17 Jan 1997).
  106. ^ Ismail Haniya, prime minister from 29 Mar 2006 to 14 Jun 2007, continues in rebellion in Gaza.
  107. ^ The Saharan Arab Democratic Republic is currently recognized by about 60 countries. Morocco retains de facto control..
  108. ^ Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council to 16 Oct 1982).
  109. ^ From 2 Sep 1990 to 1 Dec 1991, chairman of the (to 29 Nov 1990, Provisional) Supreme Soviet; from Dec 1990 chairman of the republic.
  110. ^ Previously prime minister from 13 Jan 2004 to 26 Apr 2005.
  111. ^ Pro-Georgian government (in Tbilisi).
  112. ^ Previously acting prime minister from 15 Sep 1992 to 28 Nov 2003.
  113. ^ Previously president from 17 Jun 2006 to 7 Oct 2007.
  114. ^ In Netherlands exile.
  115. ^ Alternative government.
  116. ^ 14th Dalai Lama. From 31 Mar 1959 in exile (from 1 May 1960 in Dharamsala, India).
  117. ^ Acting to 7 Apr 2003.
  118. ^ Previously prime minister from 9 Feb 1989 to 29 Jul 1994
  119. ^ Minister for the Environment, Heritage and the Arts.
  120. ^ a b c d e f g h i Director of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
  121. ^ Akrotiri and Dhekelia.
  122. ^ Previously chief minister from 15 May 1995 to 17 Jun 2003.
  123. ^ Previously from 21 Nov 2000 to 8 Nov 2001.
  124. ^ Since 21 Feb 2007, directly administered by the French minister of Overseas.
  125. ^ Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government.
  126. ^ Previously from 14 Jun to 23 Oct 2004 and from 3 Mar 2005 to 26 Dec 2006.
  127. ^ Director of the Australian Antarctic Division.
  128. ^ Previously acting chief executive from 12 Mar to 1 Jun 2005.
  129. ^ Since 1 Jan 1995, Jan Mayen is administered by the governor of Nordland county.
  130. ^ Previously from 12 Dec 1992 to 9 Mar 1993.
  131. ^ From 4 Oct to 23 Dec 2006, Timothy P. Villagomez is acting for Fitial.
  132. ^ The British high commissioner to New Zealand.
  133. ^ Previously chief magistrate from 1 Jan 1991 to 31 Dec 1999.
  134. ^ Delegated to the prefect of Guadeloupe, who from 9 Jul 2007 is also state representative in Saint-Barthélemy.
  135. ^ Mayor from Jun 1995 to 15 Jul 2007.
  136. ^ Delegated to the prefect of Guadeloupe, who from 9 Jul 2007 is also state representative in Saint-Martin.
  137. ^ Since 3 Oct 1985, the governor of the Falkland Islands.
  138. ^ Previously from 1992 to Feb 1993, from Feb 1995 to Feb 1996, from Feb 1998 to Feb 1999, and from Feb 2001 to Feb 2002.
  139. ^ Chief minister to 9 Aug 2006.
  140. ^ Will leave the Department by the end of Jan 2008.
  141. ^ Acting to 17 Jan 2007.
  142. ^ Previously Chairman of the Interim Council from 7 May 2004 to 20 Jul 2004.
  143. ^ Previously from 14 Apr 2002 to 26 Apr 2007.
  144. ^ "Interim" to 22 Oct 1991.
  145. ^ Previously from 27 Jul 1999 to 27 Jun 2003.
  146. ^ Chairman Supreme Council to Dec 1993.
  147. ^ Previously from 12 Jul 1989 to 15 Jul 1999
  148. ^ Acting to 5 Apr 2007.
  149. ^ Acting to 27 Apr 2004.
  150. ^ Previously from 13 Feb 1997 to 14 May 1998.
  151. ^ Previously from 22 Mar 2007 to 23 Mar 2007.
  152. ^ Acting to 12 Feb 2007.
  153. ^ Previously from 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2003.
  154. ^ Acting to Jan 2004.
  155. ^ Acting to 14 Jan 2004.
  156. ^ Acting to 12 Dec 2007.
  157. ^ Acting governor of Kamchatka Oblast from 23 May to 30 Jun 2007.
  158. ^ Acting to 28 Jan 2005. Previously from 27 Oct 2000 to 6 Sep 2003.
  159. ^ Chairman of the government to 12 May 2002.
  160. ^ Previously de facto ruler of the Government of the Kurdish Democratic Party (31 Aug 1996 - Jun 2005).
  161. ^ Previously prime minister of the Government of the Kurdish Democratic Party (20 Dec 1999 - Jun 2005).
  162. ^ Minister of the Republic to 30 Mar 2006.
  163. ^ Chairman State Council to 22 Sep 1995.
  164. ^ Acting to 7 Aug 2006.
  165. ^ Acting to May 1998.
  166. ^ Previously from 1988 to 1993.
  167. ^ Previously from 31 Jan 1998 to 16 Jan 2001.
  168. ^ Acting to 11 Aug 2007.
  169. ^ Previously from 1972 to 17 Jun 1987.
  170. ^ Previously from acting governor from 9 Aug to 3 Dec 2004.
  171. ^ Acting to 21 Mar 2004.
  172. ^ Chairman Supreme Council to Jun 1991.
  173. ^ Chairman State Council to 3 Nov 2000.
  174. ^ Acting to 28 Nov 2000.
  175. ^ Acting to 15 Feb 2000.
  176. ^ Previously from 14 Nov 2003 to 23 Jul 2005.
  177. ^ Acting to 4 Aug 1994.
  178. ^ a b c Chief Head of Council.
  179. ^ Previously from Jan 1987 to Jan 1993 and from Jan 1996 to 2003.
  180. ^ a b c Mayor.
  181. ^ Previously from Nov 1989 to 19 Nov 1998.
  182. ^ In opposition, recognized by the administrator-superior from late Jul to 26 Sep 2005; continues in exile in Nouméa, New Caledonia, from late Sep 2005.
  183. ^ In exile in London, UK.


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