Roads in Romania
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Public roads in Romania are ranked according to importance and traffic as follows:
- motorways (autostradă - pl. autostrăzi) - colour: green; designation: A followed by one digit
- expressways (drum rapid or drum expres) - colour: red; designation: DX followed by one or two digits and an optional letter
- national road (drum naţional - pl. drumuri naţionale) - colour: red; designation: DN followed by one or two digits and an optional letter
- county road (drum judeţean - pl. drumuri judeţene) - colour: blue; designation: DJ followed by three digits and an optional letter; unique numbers per county
- local road (drum comunal - pl. drumuri comunale) - colour: yellow; designated DC followed by a number and an optional letter; unique numbers per county
Some of the national roads are part of the European route scheme. European routes passing through Romania: E58; E60; E70; E85; E79; E81; E68; E87 (Class A); E574; E576; E581; E583; E671; E77. In 1998 a total of 153,359 km of roads existed in Romania, of which 103,671 km were paved.
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[edit] Motorways
Identified by A followed by a number. Currently Romania has the least developed motorway network among all the European Union members, with only 279 km in use as of February 2008. This is due to the communist government (1947-1989) which prioritized rail, air, and marine transport, with little investment being made in the road network. Even after 1989, little progress was made. However, in recent years a master plan for the national motorway network has been developed, and many works have begun around the country, which will result in significant changes by 2015.
There are no tolls for using the motorways in Romania, except one bridge over Danube on the DN2A road at Vadu Oii. Nevertheless every car that uses a motorway(A) or a national road (DN) in Romania must wear a sticker called rovignetă on the windscreen; the sticker can be bought at the main gas stations.
| Trunk Motorway | Route | Planned (km) / Built (km)
(December 2007) |
Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
A1 motorway
 |
Bucharest - Piteşti - Râmnicu Vâlcea - Sibiu - Deva - Timişoara - Arad - Nădlac > Hungary | 620 / 127 | under construction; estimated completion date: 2014. Bucharest - Piteşti and the Piteşti bypass is operational; Sibiu bypass is under construction; funding is ensured for the Arad - Timişoara and Deva - Orǎştie sections. |
Sun motorway
 |
Bucharest - Feteşti - Cernavodă - Constanţa | 204 / 152 | operational section: Bucharest - Cernavodă. Cernavodǎ - Constanţa to be completed in 2010 |
Transilvania motorway
 |
Bucharest - Ploieşti - Braşov - Sighişoara - Târgu Mureş - Cluj-Napoca - Zalău - Oradea - Borş > Hungary | 588 / 0 | sections under construction: Bucharest - Ploieşti and Braşov - Borş; work started in July 2004; estimated completion date: 2013; Turda - Gilǎu sector (42 km - Cluj-Napoca bypass) ready by Q4 2008; Bucharest - Ploieşti section ready by 2010 |
East-West Motorway
 |
Moldova > Iaşi - Târgu Frumos - Săbăoani - Târgu Neamţ - Poiana Largului - Ditrău - Târgu Mureş > junction with A3 | 300 / 0 | planned; construction to start in 2008, estimated completion 2013 |
Moldova Motorway
 |
Ploieşti - Buzău - Focşani - Albiţa > Moldova | 314 / 0 | planned until Focşani; estimated completion date: 2016. |
| Bypass Motorway | Route | Planned (km) / Built (km) - October 2007 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Constanţa West Motorway Bypass | Ovidiu - Agigea | 23 /0 | construction to start in 2008; estimated completion: 2010 |
| Bucharest North Motorway Bypass | DN100 | 54 /0 | construction to start in 2008 |
| Bucharest South Motorway Bypass | DN100 | 47 /0 | construction to start in 2008 |
| Cluj Napoca South Urban Motorway | A3 - Jucu | 40 /0 |
[edit] Expressways
Planned expressways according to CNADNR (Romanian Motorway Company):[1] (The DN network is an upgrade from an existing national road; the DX network is a new built).
| Expressway | Route | Length (km) / in use (km) - October 2007 | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| DN1 | Bucharest - Otopeni | 18 | |
| DN5 | Bucharest - Adunaţii Copăceni - Giurgiu> Bulgaria | 65 / 35 | under construction; |
| DN6 | Craiova - Filiaşi | 35 / 35 | connects to Craiova bypass |
| DX** | Făgăraş - Sibiu | 80 / 0 | will connect A1 and A3 |
| DX** | Piteşti - Craiova | 130 / 0 | will connect to A1 |
| DX** | Arad-Oradea | 115 / 0 | will connect A1 and A3 |
| DX** | Turda-Sebeş | 80 / 0 | will connect A1 and A3 |
| DX** | Petea - Satu Mare - Baia Mare | 68 / 0 | exit to Hungary |
| DX** | Zalau - Baia Mare (Drumul Nordului) | ? / 0 | will connect to A3 |
| DX** | Râmnicu Sărat - Bypass Brăila-Galaţi | ? / 0 | will connect to A5 |
| DX** | Craiova - Piteşti | ? / 0 | will connect Craiova to A1 |
[edit] European routes
[edit] ClassA
Map or European routes through Romania
(Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine) – Halmeu – Dej – Bistriţa – Suceava – Botoşani – Târgu Frumos – Iaşi – Sculeni – (Republica Moldova, Ukraine, Russia)
(France, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary) – Borş – Oradea – Cluj-Napoca – Turda – Târgu-Mureş – Braşov – Ploieşti – Bucureşti – Urziceni – Slobozia – Constanţa
(Hungary) – Nădlac – Arad – Deva – Sebeş – Miercurea Sibiului – Sibiu – Braşov
(Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia) - Timişoara – Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Craiova – Alexandria – Bucureşti – Giurgiu – (Bulgaria, Turkey, Georgia)
(Hungary) – Borş – Oradea – Beiuş – Deva – Petroşani – Târgu Jiu – Filiaşi – Craiova – Calafat – (Bulgaria, Greece)
(Ukraine) – Halmeu – Livada - Satu Mare – Zalău – Cluj-Napoca – Turda – Sebeş – Miercurea Sibiului – Sibiu – Piteşti – Bucureşti - Constanţa
(Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine) – Siret – Suceava – Roman - Bacău – Buzău – Urziceni – Bucureşti – Giurgiu - (Bulgaria, Greece)
(Ukraine) – Galaţi – Brăila – Tulcea – Constanţa – Vama Veche – (Bulgaria, Turkey)
[edit] Class B
Bacău - Oneşti - Târgu Secuiesc – Braşov – Piteşti – Craiova
Cluj-Napoca – Dej
Slobozia – Brăila – Galaţi – (Republica Moldova, Ukraine)
Sărăţel – Reghin – Topliţa – Gheorgheni – Miercurea Ciuc – Sfântu Gheorghe – Chichiş
Mărăşeşti – Tecuci – Bârlad - Huşi – Albiţa – (Republica Moldova, Ukraine)
Roman – Săbăoani – Iaşi – Sculeni – (Republica Moldova, Ukraine)
(Ukraine, Republica Moldova) – Galaţi – Slobozia
Timişoara – Arad – Oradea – Satu Mare - Livada
Lugoj – Deva
Constanţa – Agigea – Negru Vodă – (Bulgaria)
Drobeta-Turnu Severin – Porţile de Fier – (Serbia)
[edit] National roads
Seven one-digit national roads start off in Bucharest in a radial pattern. However, due to the positioning of Bucharest in the southeastern extremity of the country, the numbering system is by no means representative of the importance of the roads.
[edit] Trunk roads
| National Road | Route | Length (km) | European road | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
DN1  |
Bucharest - Ploieşti - Braşov - Făgăraş - Sibiu - Alba Iulia - Turda - Cluj-Napoca - Oradea - Borş -> Hungary | 642 |
|
Most used road in Romania, especially on the narrow Campina - Braşov section which has a single lane of traffic for each direction. |
| DN1C | Cluj-Napoca - Gherla - Dej - Baia Mare - Halmeu -> Ukraine | 217 |
|
|
| DN1F | Cluj-Napoca - Zalău - Sărmăşag - Carei -> Hungary | 178 |
|
|
| DN12 | Braşov - Sfântu Gheorghe - Băile Tuşnad - Miercurea-Ciuc - Topliţa | 164 |
|
|
| DN13 | Braşov - Rupea - Sighişoara - Bălăuşeri - Târgu Mureş | 165 |
|
|
| DN15 | Turda - Câmpia Turzii - Luduş - Târgu Mureş - Reghin - Topliţa - Poiana Largului - Bicaz - Piatra Neamţ - Bacău | 369 |
|
|
| DN17 | Dej - Beclean - Bistriţa - Vatra Dornei - Câmpulung Moldovenesc - Gura Humorului - Suceava | 252 |
|
|
| DN18 | Baia Mare - Sighetu Marmaţiei - Borşa - Cârlibaba - Iacobeni | 220 | ||
| DN19 | Sighetu Marmaţiei - Câmpulung la Tisa - Negreşti-Oaş - Satu Mare - Carei - Oradea | 234 |
|
|
DN2  |
Bucharest - Urziceni - Buzău - Focşani - Bacău - Roman - Fălticeni - Suceava - Siret -> Ukraine | 482 |
|
|
| DN24 | Mărăşeşti - Tecuci - Bârlad - Vaslui - Iaşi - Sculeni -> Moldova | 220 |
|
|
| DN5 | Bucharest - Giurgiu -> Bulgaria | 65 |
|
|
| DN6 | Bucharest - Alexandria - Caracal - Craiova - Drobeta-Turnu Severin - Caransebeş - Lugoj - Timişoara - Sânnicolau Mare - Cenad -> Hungary | 639 |
|
|
| DN7 | Bucharest - Găeşti - Piteşti - Râmnicu Vâlcea - Sibiu - Deva - Arad - Nădlac -> Hungary | 597 |
|
Heading north from Ramnicu Valcea to Sibiu, the single lane per direction highway passes along the beautiful Olt River Valley. |
| DN66 | Simeria - Haţeg - Petroşani - Târgu Jiu - Filiaşi | 211 |
|
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| DN76 | Deva - Brad - Ştei - Beiuş - Oradea | 181 |
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| DN79 | Arad - Chişineu Criş - Salonta - Oradea | 113 |
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| DN100 | Bucharest ring road | 82 | to be upgrated to 4 traffic lanes |
[edit] Secondary roads
[edit] County and communal roads
In 1998, 49,688 km were unpaved (about a third of the total km of roads in the country). Most of these are communal roads.
[edit] See also
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