Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase

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Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase fom E. coli
Identifiers
Symbol	DHO_dh
Pfam	PF01180
InterPro	IPR001295
PROSITE	PDOC00708
SCOP	1dor
OPM family	59
OPM protein	1uum
Available PDB structures: 1f76A:47-336 1uumA:77-377 1uuoA:77-377 1d3gA:77-377 1d3hA:77-377 2b0mA:77-377 1lx3A:49-334 1tv5A:207-550 1ep3A:6-291 1ep2A:6-291 1ep1A:6-291 1h7xA:532-838 1gteA:532-838 1h7wB:532-838 1gthA:532-838 1gt8A:532-838 1jueA:1-293 1jrbA:1-293 1jubA:1-293 1jqxA:1-293 1jrcB:1-293 2dorA:1-293 1nfcA:1-293 1jqvB:1-293 1ovdB:1-293 1dorA:1-293 2b4gD:2-294

Human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
Identifiers
Symbol	DHODH
Entrez	1723
HUGO	2867
OMIM	126064
PDB	1D3G
RefSeq	NM_001361
UniProt	Q02127
Other data
EC number	1.3.3.1
Locus	Chr. 16 q22

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.3.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the fourth step in the de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine. It converts dihydroorotate to orotate:

4,5-Dihydroorotic acid

Orotic acid. Note the double bond in the ring.

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is a ubiquitous FAD flavoprotein. In bacteria (gene pyrD), it is located on the inner side of the cytosolic membrane. In some yeasts, such as in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (gene URA1), it is a cytosolic protein while in other eukaryotes it is found in the mitochondria^[1].

1 Human proteins containing this domain
2 References
3 Further reading
4 External links

[edit] Human proteins containing this domain

DHODH; DPYD;

[edit] References

^ Lacroute F, Thomas D, Nagy M (1992). "Divergent evolution of pyrimidine biosynthesis between anaerobic and aerobic yeasts". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (19): 8966–8970. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.19.8966. PMID 1409592.

[edit] Further reading

[1]. The crystal structure of Lactococcus lactis dihydroorotate dehydrogenase A complexed with the enzyme reaction product throws light on its enzymatic function. Rowland P, Bjornberg O, Nielsen FS, Jensen KF, Larsen S; Protein Sci 1998;7:1269-1279. PubMed

[edit] External links

MeSH dihydroorotate+dehydrogenase

This oxidoreductase article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

v • d • e Oxidoreductases: CH-CH oxidoreductases (EC 1.3)

1.3.1. NAD/NADP acceptor	Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase/Enoyl ACP reductase - 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase - Biliverdin reductase - 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase

1.3.3. Oxygen acceptor	Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase - Coproporphyrinogen III oxidase - Protoporphyrinogen oxidase -

1.3.5. Quinone	Succinate dehydrogenase

1.3.99. Other acceptors	Fumarate reductase - Butyryl CoA dehydrogenase - Acyl CoA dehydrogenase - 5-alpha reductase - Glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase - Isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase

v • d • e

Metabolism: amino acid metabolism - nucleotide enzymes

Purine metabolism

Pyrimidine metabolism

Anabolism	CAD (Carbamoyl phosphate synthase II, Aspartate carbamoyltransferase, Dihydroorotase) Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase - Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase/Uridine monophosphate synthetase CTP synthase

Catabolism	Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase - Dihydropyrimidinase/DPYS - Beta-ureidopropionase/UPB1

Deoxyribonucleotides

Ribonucleotide reductase - Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase - DCMP deaminase - Thymidylate synthase - Dihydrofolate reductase

see also disorders, intermediates

v • d • e Mitochondrial enzymes and transporters

Outer membrane	fatty acid degradation (Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I, Long fatty acyl CoA synthetase) tryptophan metabolism (Kynureninase) monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism (Monoamine oxidase)

Intermembrane space	Adenylate kinase - Creatine kinase

Inner membrane	oxidative phosphorylation (Coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase, Cytochrome c, NADH dehydrogenase, Succinate dehydrogenase) pyrimidine metabolism (Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase) mitochondrial shuttle (Malate-aspartate shuttle, Glycerol phosphate shuttle) other (Glutamate aspartate transporter, Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, ATP synthase, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II)

Matrix	citric acid cycle (Citrate synthase, Aconitase, Isocitrate dehydrogenase, Oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, Succinyl coenzyme A synthetase, Fumarase, Malate dehydrogenase) anaplerotic reactions (Aspartate transaminase, Glutamate dehydrogenase, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex) urea cycle (Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I, Ornithine transcarbamylase, N-Acetylglutamate synthase) alcohol metabolism (ALDH2)

Other/to be sorted	Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme

Mitochondrial DNA	Complex I (7 units) - Complex III (1 unit) - Complex IV (3 units) - ATP synthase (2 units)