Africa Cup of Nations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For the rugby tournament, see Africa Cup.

"Cup of Nations" redirects here. For the football tournament in the Persian Gulf, see Gulf Cup of Nations.

Africa Cup of Nations
Image:African Nations Cup trophy.jpg
Founded	1957
Region	Africa (CAF)
Number of teams	16
Current champions	Egypt
2008 Africa Cup of Nations

Wikinews has related news:

Egypt wins 2008 Africa Cup of Nations

The Africa Cup of Nations, also referred to as the African Nations Cup (ANC) is the main international association football competition in Africa. It is sanctioned by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), and was first held in 1957. Since 1968, it has been held every two years.

In 1957 there were only three participating nations: Egypt, Sudan and Ethiopia. South Africa was to compete, but was disqualified due to the apartheid policies of the government then in power. Since then, the tournament has grown, making it necessary to hold a qualifying tournament. The number of participants in the final tournament reached 16 in 1998 (16 teams were to compete in 1996 but Nigeria withdrew, reducing the field to 15), and since then, the format has been unchanged, with the sixteen teams being drawn into four groups of four teams each, with the top two teams of each group advancing to a "knock-out" stage.

Egypt is the most successful nation in the cup's history, winning the tournament a record six times. Ghana and Cameroon have won four titles each. Three different trophies have been awarded during the tournament's history, with Ghana and Cameroon winning the first two versions to keep after each of them won a tournament three times. The current trophy was first awarded in 2002.

[edit] History

[edit] 1950s-60s: Early growth of the ANC competition

The origins of the African Nations Cup date back to June 1956, when the creation of the Confederation of African Football was proposed during the third FIFA congress in Lisbon. There were immediate plans for a continental nations tournament to be held, and in February 1957, the first African Cup of Nations took place in Khartoum, Sudan. There was no qualification for this tournament, the field being made up of the four founding nations of CAF (Sudan, Egypt, Ethiopia, and South Africa). South Africa's refusal to send a multi-racial squad to the competition led to its disqualification and handed Ethiopia a bye straight to the final.^[1] As a result, only two matches were played, with Egypt being crowned as the first continental champion after defeating hosts Sudan in the semifinal and Ethiopia in the final. Two years later, Egypt hosted the second ANC in Cairo with the participation of these same three teams. Host and defending champions Egypt repeated as cup winners, this time downing Sudan.

The field grew to include nine teams for the third ANC in 1962 in Addis Ababa, and for the first time there was a qualification round to determine which four teams would play for the title. Host Ethiopia and reigning champion Egypt received automatic berths, and were joined in the final four by Nigeria and Tunisia. Egypt made its third consecutive final appearance, but it was Ethiopia that emerged as victors, after first beating Tunisia and then downing Egypt in extra time.

[edit] 1960s: Ghanaian domination

In 1963, Ghana made its first appearance as it hosted the event, and won the title after beating Sudan in the final. They repeated as champions two years later in Tunisia – equalling Egypt as two-time winners – with a squad that included only two returning members from the 1963 team.^[2]

The 1968 competition's final tournament format expanded to include eight of the 22 teams entered in the preliminary rounds. The qualifying teams were distributed in two groups of four to play single round-robin tournaments, with the top two teams of each group advancing to semifinals, a system that remained in use for the finals until 1992. The Democratic Republic of Congo won its first title, beating Ghana in the final. Starting with the 1968 tournament, the competition has been regularly held every two years in even numbered years. Cote d'Ivoire forward Laurent Pokou led the 1968 and 1970 tournaments in scoring, with six and eight goals respectively, and his total of 14 goals remained the all-time record until 2008. Play was covered for television for the first time during the 1970 tournament in Sudan,^[2] as the hosts lifted the trophy after defeating Ghana – who were playing their fourth consecutive final.

[edit] 1970s: A decade of champions

Six different nations won titles from 1970 to 1980: Sudan, Congo-Brazzaville, Zaire, Morocco, Ghana, and Nigeria. Zaire's second title in the 1974 edition (they won their first as the Democratic Republic of Congo) came after facing Zambia in the final. For the first and only time to date in the history of the competition, the match had to be replayed as the first contest between the two sides ended in a 2-2 draw after extra time. The final was re-staged two days later with Zaire winning 2-0. Forward Mulamba Ndaye scored all four of Zaire's goals in these two matches: he was also the top scorer of the tournament with nine goals, setting a single-tournament record that remains unmatched. Three months earlier, Zaire had become the first black African nation to qualify to the FIFA World Cup. Morocco won their first title in the 1976 ANC held in Ethiopia and Ghana took its third championship in 1978, becoming the first nation to win three titles. In 1980, Nigeria hosted the event and beat Algeria to capture its first honours.

[edit] 1980s: Cameroonian and Nigerian domination

Ghana's fourth continental title came in the 1982 cup tournament; they beat Algeria in the semifinals in extra time, and faced host Libya in the final. The match ended in a 1-1 draw after 120 minutes and Ghana won the penalty shootout to become champions. Cameroon won their first title two years later by beating Nigeria and in the 1986 cup they faced Egypt – absent from the final since 1962 – with Egypt winning the title on penalty kicks. Cameroon reached its third consecutive final in the 1988 tournament and won their second championship by repeating their 1984 victory over Nigeria. In 1990, Nigeria lost once again as they made their third final appearance in four tournaments, this time falling to Algeria.

[edit] 1990s: The arrival of South Africa

The 1992 Cup of Nations expanded the number of final tournament participants to 12; the teams were divided into four groups of three, with the top two teams of each group advancing to quarterfinals. Ghanaian midfielder Abedi "Pelé" Ayew, who scored three goals, was named the best player of the tournament after his contributions helped Ghana reach the final; he was, however, suspended for that match and Ghana lost to Cote d'Ivoire in a penalty shootout that saw each side make 11 attempts to determine the winner. Cote d'Ivoire set a record for the competition by holding each of their opponents scoreless in the six matches of the final tournament.

The 12-team, three-group format was used again two years later, where hosts Tunisia were humiliated by their first round elimination. Nigeria, who had just qualified to the World Cup for the first time in their history, won the tournament, beating Zambia, who a year before had been struck by disaster when most of their national squad died in a plane crash while traveling to play a 1994 World Cup qualification match. Nigerian forward Rashidi Yekini, who had led the 1992 tournament with four goals, repeated as the top scorer with five goals.

South Africa hosted the 20th ANC competition in 1996, marking their first ever appearance after a decades long ban was lifted with the end of apartheid in the country and a failed attempt to qualify in 1994. The number of final round participants in 1996 was expanded to the current 16, split into four groups. However, the actual number of teams playing in the final was only 15 as Nigeria withdrew from the tournament at the final moment for political reasons.^[3] The Bafana Bafana won their first title on home soil, defeating Tunisia in the final. South African captain Neil Tovey became the first white player to raise the trophy.^[4]

The South Africans would reach the final again two years later in Burkina Faso, but were unable to defend their title, losing to Egypt who claimed their fourth cup.

[edit] 2000s: Cameroon's consecutive titles, followed by Egypt's

The 2000 edition was hosted jointly by Ghana and Nigeria, who replaced the originally designated host Zimbabwe. Following a 2-2 draw after extra time in the final, Cameroon defeated Nigeria on penalty kicks. In 2002, the Indomitable Lions made the second consecutive titles since Ghana had done it in the 1960s and after Egypt had done it before in 1957 and 1959. Again via penalty kicks, the Cameroonians beat first-time finalists Senegal, who also debuted in the World Cup later that year. Both finalists were eliminated in quarter finals two years later in Tunisia, where the hosts won their first title, beating Morocco 2-1 in the final. The 2006 tournament was also won by the hosts, Egypt, who reached a continental-record fifth title. The 2008 tournament was hosted by Ghana, and saw Egypt retain the trophy, winning their record-extending sixth tournament by defeating Cameroon 1-0 in the final.

[edit] Future

Ahead of the 2008 African Cup of Nations several European clubs called for a rethink of the tournament's schedule. As it takes place during the European season, players who are involved miss several matches for their clubs^[5]. In January 2008, FIFA president Sepp Blatter announced that he wanted the tournament to be held in either June or July by 2016, to fit in the international calendar. This would preclude many countries in central and west Africa from hosting the competition (as these months occur during their wet season) and the tournament would have to be moved to odd-numbered years so as not to clash with the World Cup.^[6]

[edit] Format

[edit] Qualification

Since the 1962 tournament, qualification matches have been held to determine the participants for the finals. From 1962 to 1990 the qualification matches were generally two-legged knockout ties, with the number of rounds depending upon the number of participants. From 1994 onwards teams attempting to qualify have been divided into groups, with teams playing each other on a round robin basis. Until 2006 the title holders and tournament hosts qualified for the finals automatically; from 2008 only the hosts qualify automatically. The nature of the qualification groups varies from tournament to tournament. As of the 2008 tournament, qualification consists of eleven groups of four teams and one group of three teams. Each group winner qualifies, along with the three runners-up with the best records.

[edit] Trophy

Throughout the history of the Nations Cup, three different trophies have been awarded to the winners of the competition. The original trophy, made of silver, was the "Abdelaziz Abdallah Salem Trophy", which was named after the first CAF president, the Egyptian Abdelaziz Abdallah Salem. As the first winner of three Nations Cup tournaments, Ghana obtained the right to permanently hold the trophy in 1978.^[7]

The second trophy was awarded from 1980 to 2000, and it was named "Trophy of African Unity"^[8] or "African Unity Cup".^[7] It was given by the Supreme Council for Sports in Africa to the CAF prior to the 1980 tournament and it was a cylindrical piece with the Olympic rings over a map of the continent engraved on it. It sat on a squared base and had stylized triangular handles. Cameroon won the Unity Cup indefinitely after they became three-time champions in 2000.

In 2001, the third trophy was revealed, a gold-plated cup designed and made in Italy. Cameroon, permanent holders of the previous trophy, were the first nation to be awarded the new trophy after they won the 2002 edition.

[edit] Results

Year	Host nation	Final			Third Place Match
Year	Host nation	Champion	Score	Second Place	Third Place	Score	Fourth Place
1957 Details	Sudan	Egypt	4 - 0	Ethiopia	Sudan	( South Africa disqualified)⁽¹⁾
1959 Details	Egypt	Egypt	2 - 1⁽²⁾	Sudan	Ethiopia	(only three teams participated)
1962 Details	Ethiopia	Ethiopia	4 - 2 aet	Egypt	Tunisia	3 - 0	Uganda
1963 Details	Ghana	Ghana	3 - 0	Sudan	Egypt	3 - 0	Ethiopia
1965 Details	Tunisia	Ghana	3 - 2 aet	Tunisia	Ivory Coast	1 - 0	Senegal
1968 Details	Ethiopia	Congo DR	1 - 0	Ghana	Ivory Coast	1 - 0	Ethiopia
1970 Details	Sudan	Sudan	1 - 0	Ghana	United Arab Republic	3 - 1	Ivory Coast
1972 Details	Cameroon	Congo	3 - 2	Mali	Cameroon	5 - 2	Zaire
1974 Details	Egypt	Zaire	2 - 2 aet 2 - 0 replay	Zambia	Egypt	4 - 0	Congo
1976 Details	Ethiopia	Morocco	n/a⁽³⁾	Guinea	Nigeria	n/a⁽³⁾	Egypt
1978 Details	Ghana	Ghana	2 - 0	Uganda	Nigeria	2 - 0⁽⁴⁾	Tunisia
1980 Details	Nigeria	Nigeria	3 - 0	Algeria	Morocco	2 - 0	Egypt
1982 Details	Libya	Ghana	1 - 1 aet (7 - 6) ps	Libya	Zambia	2 - 0	Algeria
1984 Details	Ivory Coast	Cameroon	3 - 1	Nigeria	Algeria	3 - 1	Egypt
1986 Details	Egypt	Egypt	0 - 0 aet (5 - 4) ps	Cameroon	Côte d'Ivoire	3 - 2	Morocco
1988 Details	Morocco	Cameroon	1 - 0	Nigeria	Algeria	1 - 1 aet (4 - 3) ps	Morocco
1990 Details	Algeria	Algeria	1 - 0	Nigeria	Zambia	1 - 0	Senegal
1992 Details	Senegal	Côte d'Ivoire	0 - 0 aet (11 - 10) ps	Ghana	Nigeria	2 - 1	Cameroon
1994 Details	Tunisia	Nigeria	2 - 1	Zambia	Côte d'Ivoire	3 - 1	Mali
1996 Details	South Africa	South Africa	2 - 0	Tunisia	Zambia	1 - 0	Ghana
1998 Details	Burkina Faso	Egypt	2 - 0	South Africa	Congo DR	4 - 4⁽⁵⁾ (4 - 1) ps	Burkina Faso
2000 Details	Ghana & Nigeria	Cameroon	2 - 2 aet (4 - 3) ps	Nigeria	South Africa	2 - 2 aet (4 - 3) ps	Tunisia
2002 Details	Mali	Cameroon	0 - 0 aet (3 - 2) ps	Senegal	Nigeria	1 - 0	Mali
2004 Details	Tunisia	Tunisia	2 - 1	Morocco	Nigeria	2 - 1	Mali
2006 Details	Egypt	Egypt	0 - 0 aet (4 - 2) ps	Côte d'Ivoire	Nigeria	1 - 0	Senegal
2008 Details	Ghana	Egypt	1 - 0	Cameroon	Ghana	4 - 2	Côte d'Ivoire
2010 Details	Angola
2012 Details	Gabon / Equatorial Guinea
2014 Details	Libya

⁽¹⁾ In 1957, South Africa was disqualified from the tournament due to Apartheid.
⁽²⁾ In 1959, the three teams played each other once. In the last game of the tournament, Egypt's 2-1 victory over Sudan made Egypt champions
⁽³⁾ There was no official final match in 1976, as the tournament was decided in a final group contested by the last four teams.
⁽⁴⁾ In 1978, third place was awarded to Nigeria 2-0 after Tunisia walked off with the third-place match tied 1-1 in the 42nd minute.
⁽⁵⁾ No extra time was played.

Key:
- aet – after extra time
- ps – after penalty shootout

[edit] Statistics

[edit] Most championships won

Map of the number of championships in African Cup of Nations

Wins	Nation	Year(s)
6 times	Egypt	1957, 1959, 1986, 1998, 2006, 2008
4 times	Ghana	1963, 1965, 1978, 1982
4 times	Cameroon	1984, 1988, 2000, 2002
2 times	Congo DR	1968, 1974
2 times	Nigeria	1980, 1994
1 time	Ethiopia	1962
1 time	Congo	1972
1 time	Côte d'Ivoire	1992
1 time	Algeria	1990
1 time	Morocco	1976
1 time	South Africa	1996
1 time	Sudan	1970
1 time	Tunisia	2004

[edit] Most appearances in the final match

7	Egypt Ghana
6	Cameroon Nigeria
3	Tunisia Sudan
2	Algeria Ethiopia Morocco Côte d'Ivoire South Africa Zambia Congo DR (twice as Zaire)
1	Congo Mali Senegal Uganda Guinea Libya

[edit] Tournament appearances

Appearances	Nation
21	Egypt
17	Côte d'Ivoire
16	Ghana
15	Congo DR (seven times as Zaire) Nigeria Cameroon
13	Algeria Morocco Tunisia Zambia
11	Senegal
9	Ethiopia Guinea
7	South Africa Sudan
6	Burkina Faso Congo Togo
5	Kenya Mali Uganda
4	Angola
3	Gabon Mozambique
2	Benin Liberia Libya Namibia Sierra Leone Zimbabwe
1	Malawi Mauritius Rwanda Tanzania

[edit] Most tournaments hosted

Hosts	Nation	Year(s)
4 times	Egypt	1959, 1974, 1986, 2006
4 times	Ghana	1963, 1978, 2000^, 2008
3 times	Ethiopia	1962, 1968, 1976
3 times	Tunisia	1965, 1994, 2004
2 times	Libya	1982, 2014*
2 times	Nigeria	1980, 2000^
2 times	Sudan	1957, 1970
1 time	Algeria	1990
1 time	Burkina Faso	1998
1 time	Cameroon	1972
1 time	Côte d'Ivoire	1984
1 time	Mali	2002
1 time	Morocco	1988
1 time	Senegal	1992
1 time	South Africa	1996
1 time	Angola	2010*
1 time	Gabon	2012*^
1 time	Equatorial Guinea	2012*^

* Yet to take place.
^ Co-host.

[edit] Overall top goalscorers

Goals	Scorers
16	Samuel Eto'o
14	Laurent Pokou
13	Rashidi Yekini
12	Hassan El-Shazly Michael Essien
11	Patrick Mboma, Hossam Hassan
10	Francileudo Santos, Mengistu Worku, Joel Tiéhi, Mulamba Ndaye, Kalusha Bwalya
9	Abdoulaye Traoré
8	Wilberforce Kwadwo Mfum Junior Agogo
7	Ali Abugresha, Taher Abouzaid, Mohamed Aboutreika, Roger Milla, Benni McCarthy, Jay-Jay Okocha

[edit] Top scorers

Year	Player	Goals
1957	Diab Mohammed Diab El-Attar (Ad-Diba)	5
1959	Mahmoud Al-Gohari	3
1962	Abdelfatah Badawi Menguistou Worku	3
1963	Hassan El-Shazly	6
1965	Ben Acheampong Osei Kofi Eustache Manglé	3
1968	Laurent Pokou	6
1970	Laurent Pokou	8
1972	Salif Keita	5
1974	Mulamba Ndaye	9
1976	Keita Aliou Mamadou ‘N’Jo Léa’	4
1978	Philip Omondi Opoku Afriyie Segun Odegbami	3
1980	Khaled Al Abyad Labied Segun Odegbami	3
1982	George Alhassan	4
1984	Taher Abouzaid	4
1986	Roger Milla	4
1988	Gamal Abdelhamid Lakhdar Belloumi Roger Milla Abdoulaye Traoré	2
1990	Djamel Menad	4
1992	Rashidi Yekini	4
1994	Rashidi Yekini	5
1996	Kalusha Bwalya	5
1998	Hossam Hassan Benedict McCarthy	7
2000	Shaun Bartlett	5
2002	Patrick Mboma René Salomon Olembe Julius Aghahowa	3
2004	Patrick Mboma Frédéric Kanouté Youssef Mokhtari Jay-Jay Okocha Francileudo dos Santos	4
2006	Samuel Eto'o	5
2008	Samuel Eto'o	5

[edit] General Statistics

Team		Pts	P	W	D	L	GF	GC	Dif	%
1	Ghana	137	71	40	17	15	110	70	+40	63,4%
2	Egypt	134	78	40	14	24	123	77	+46	57,3%
3	Cameroon	115	61	32	19	10	90	51	+39	62,8%
4	Nigeria	109	60	32	13	15	80	51	+29	60,6%
5	Côte d'Ivoire	88	62	24	16	22	82	72	+10	47,3%
6	Togo	70	48	17	19	12	52	40	+12	48,6%
7	Zambia	70	48	20	10	18	58	50	+8	48,6%
8	Algeria	70	51	18	16	17	63	57	+6	45,8%
9	Congo DR	63	56	16	15	25	64	80	-16	37,5%
10	Tunisia	61	46	15	16	15	59	57	+2	44,2%
11	Senegal	54	40	15	9	16	45	34	+11	45,0%
12	South Africa	46	28	13	7	8	34	27	+7	54,8%
13	Guinea	37	28	9	10	9	40	38	+2	44,0%
14	Mali	30	22	8	6	8	30	34	-4	45,5%
15	Sudan	23	17	6	5	6	24	22	+2	45,1%
16	Ethiopia	23	24	7	2	15	28	54	-26	31,9%
17	Congo	21	22	5	6	11	21	34	-13	31,8%
18	Morocco	12	18	2	6	10	13	32	-19	22,2%
19	Burkina Faso	11	21	2	5	14	20	45	-25	17,5%
20	Libya	10	8	2	4	2	8	9	-1	41,7%
21	Uganda	10	16	3	1	12	17	31	-14	20,8%
22	Angola	7	9	1	4	4	13	19	-6	25,9%
23	Kenya	7	14	1	4	9	8	24	-16	16,7%
24	Zimbabwe	6	6	2	0	4	8	13	-5	33,3%
25	Liberia	5	5	1	2	2	5	7	-2	33,3%
26	Gabon	5	8	1	2	5	6	16	-10	20,8%
27	Rwanda	4	3	1	1	1	3	3	0	44,4%
28	Sierra Leone	4	5	1	1	3	2	11	-9	26,7%
29	Namibia	2	6	0	2	4	9	18	-9	22,2%
30	Tanzania	1	3	0	1	2	3	6	-3	11,1%
31	Malawi	1	3	0	1	2	2	6	-4	11,1%
32	Mozambique	1	9	0	1	8	2	19	-17	3,7%
33	Mauritius	0	3	0	0	3	2	8	-6	0,0%
34	Benin	0	6	0	0	6	2	16	-14	0,0%

[edit] See also

List of football (soccer) competitions

[edit] References

^ news.bbc.co.uk. African Nations Cup - How it all began. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
^ ^a ^b news.bbc.co.uk. The early years. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-03-09.
^ Mark Gleeson, BBC Sport, Cape Town. SA to meet Nigeria60. BBC Sport. Retrieved on 2007-12-10.
^ news.bbc.co.uk. African Cup of Nations: 1980-2002. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-03-11.
^ news.bbc.co.uk. African Nations Cup - Possible changes. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-12-14.
^ "Blatter wants Cup of Nations move", BBC Sport, 2008-01-18. Retrieved on 2008-01-18.
^ ^a ^b news.bbc.co.uk. Nations Cup trophy revealed. BBC. Retrieved on 2007-03-16.
^ FIFA.com. The Great Adventure of African Football. FIFA. Retrieved on 2007-03-16.

[edit] Further reading

The Great Adventure of African Football (FIFA)
History of African Nations cup since 1957 (Egypt State Information Service)

[edit] External links

Africa Cup of Nations

v • d • e

International football

v • d • e

Asia: AFC – Asian Cup

Africa: CAF – Africa Cup of Nations

North America: CONCACAF – Gold Cup

South America: CONMEBOL – Copa América

Oceania: OFC – Nations Cup

Europe: UEFA – European Championship

Non-FIFA: NF-Board – Viva World Cup