37th United States Congress
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The Thirty-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1861 to March 3, 1863, during the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.
The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Seventh Census of the United States in 1850. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
[edit] Dates of sessions
- Special session of the Senate: March 4, 1861 – March 28, 1861
- First session: July 4, 1861 – August 6, 1861
- Second session: December 2, 1861 - July 17, 1862
- Third session: December 1, 1862 - March 3, 1863 — a lame duck session
Previous congress: 36th Congress
Next congress: 38th Congress
[edit] Party summary
Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee seceded from the Union during this Congress.
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
TOTAL members: 50 |
TOTAL members: 183 |
[edit] Leadership
- Senate
- Vice President of the United States (President of the Senate):
- Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine
- President pro tempore of the Senate:
- Solomon Foot, Republican of Vermont, first elected in this Congress March 23, 1861.
- House of Representatives
- Speaker of the House
- Galusha A. Grow, Republican of Pennsylvania, elected July 4, 1861.
[edit] Major events
- Main article: Events of 1861; Events of 1862; Events of 1863
- 1861-03-04 - Abraham Lincoln became President of the United States
- 1861-04-12 - Hostilities begin the American Civil War. War continues until 1865.
[edit] Major legislation
- August 5, 1861 - Revenue Act of 1861, Sess. 2, ch. 45, 12 Stat. 242
- May 20, 1862 - Homestead Act, Sess. 2, ch. 75, 12 Stat. 392
- July 1, 1862 - Revenue Act of 1862, Sess. 2, ch. 119, 12 Stat. 432
- July 1, 1862 - Pacific Railway Act, Sess. 2, ch. 120, 12 Stat. 489
- July 2, 1862 - Morrill Land Grant Colleges Act, Sess. 2, ch. 130, 12 Stat. 503 ( et seq.)
- July 17, 1862 - Militia Act, Sess. 2, ch. 201, 12 Stat. 597
- February 24, 1863 - Arizona Territory organized, Sess. 3, ch. 56, 12 Stat. 664
- February 25, 1863 - National Banking Act, Sess. 3, ch 58, 12 Stat. 665
- March 2, 1863 - False Claims Act, Sess. 3, ch. 67, 12 Stat. 696 ( et seq.)
- March 3, 1863 - Enrollment Act, Sess. 3, ch. 75, 12 Stat. 731
- March 3, 1863 - Idaho Territory organized, Sess. 3, ch. 117, 12 Stat. 808
[edit] Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
- See also: 37th United States Congress - political parties
- See also: 37th United States Congress - State Delegations
- See also: United States House elections, 1860
[edit] Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1862; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.
- See also: Category:United States Senators
- See also: Category:United States Congressional Delegations by state
[edit] House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by an "A/L," and the names of those elected from districts, whether plural or single member, are preceded by their district numbers.
Many of the congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself. Since the boundaries of the districts have changed often and substantially, the linked article may only describe the district as it exists today, and not as it was at the time of this Congress.
- See also: Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives
- See also: Category:United States Congressional Delegations by state
[edit] Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
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[edit] Officers
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[edit] Notes
- ^ All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
[edit] References
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
[edit] External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
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