National costume
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National costume, also known as national dress, regional costume or folk dress, expresses an identity through costume which usually relates to a geographic area, but can also indicate social, marital and/or religious status. Such costumes often come in two forms: one for everyday occasions, the other for festivals and formal wear.
It should be noted that some people, particularly in the United States, view the term "costume" as somewhat offensive in this context, as it suggests fantasy or theatricality. "National dress" or "traditional dress" may be preferred to avoid this connotation.
Following the outbreak of romantic nationalism, the peasantry of Europe came to serve as models for all that appeared genuine and desirable. Their dress crystallised into so-called "typical" forms, and enthusiasts adopted it as part of their symbolism.
[edit] Examples of national costumes
- Near East
- Afghanistan - Kurta (male) and Shalwar Kameez (female), Turban
- Arab world - Fez, Keffiyeh, Hijab (by Muslims)
- Israel - Yarmulke, Tallit, Tefillin (religious clothes of Jewish people), Tichel/Sheitel/Snood/Shpitzel, Tzniut
- South Asia
- Bangladesh - Pajamas and Lungi, Kurta/Panjabi (male) and Sari, Shalwar Kameez (female)
- South India - Dhoti and Lungi, Kurta (male) and Shalwar Kameez (female), Sari, Turban
- Pakistan - Shalwar Kameez (male and female), Turban
- Sri Lanka - Dhoti and Lungi, Sari
- East Asia
- Cambodia - Sampot
- China - Hanfu, Changshan (male) and Qipao (female), Mao suit
- Japan - Kimono
- Korea - Hanbok
- Myanmar - Lungi
- Thailand - Sampot
- Vietnam - Áo bà ba, Áo dài, Áo tứ thân, Áo yếm
- Southeast Asia and Pacific
- Indonesia - Batik, Kebaya (female)
- Malaysia - Baju Melayu (male), Baju Kurung (women), Baju Kebaya (women)
- Maldives - Dhivehi libaas (women) Sarong, long sleeved white shirt (men)
- New Zealand - Maori Flax Skirts
- Philippines - Barong Tagalog (male) and Baro't saya (female)
- Tonga - tupenu and ta'ovala
- Europe
- Albania - Albanian Traditional Clothing
- Austria - Tracht, Dirndl
- Bavaria - Dirndl, Lederhosen
- Bohemia - Kroje
- Germany - Tracht (Southern Germany only)
- Greece - Fustanella, Peplos
- Iceland - Þjóðbúningurinn
- Republic of Macedonia - traditional clothing
- Malta - Għonnella (Faldetta)
- Moravia - Kroje
- Netherlands - Dutch cap, sabot
- Norway - Bunad
- Rome - Toga, Stola
- Russia - Sarafan
- Scotland - Kilt
- Wales - Welsh hat
- Americas
- Canada - Tuque, Parka
- Mexico - sombrero
- Panama - Pollera
- Peru - Chullo, Poncho
- United States - Jeans, a Cowboy Hat, various forms of Native American clothing
- Africa
- Ghana - Kente cloth
- Zanzibar - Gowni
- Nigeria - the Agbada, or Boubou (clothing)
- Senegal - Senegalese kaftan
