Barong Tagalog
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A Barong Tagalog (or simply Barong) is an embroidered formal garment of the Philippines. It is very lightweight and worn untucked (similar to a coat/dress shirt), over an undershirt. It is a common wedding and formal attire for Filipino men as well as women. The term "Barong Tagalog" literally means "Tagalog dress" (i.e., baro ng Tagalog or dress of the Tagalog) in the Filipino language.
The barong was popularized as formal wear by Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay, who wore it to most official and personal affairs, including his inauguration as president. The barong was officially made the national costume by a decree from President Ferdinand Marcos in 1975.
Contents |
[edit] Origin
This Filipino tradition dates back to the Spanish Colonial era. A legend persists that the Spaniards made Filipinos wear barongs untucked to distinguish them from the ruling class, its translucent fabric helping the Spaniards to see that the wearer was not bearing any weapon under the garment.
Sociologists have argued against this theory, however, pointing out that untucked wear was very common in pre-colonial Southeast and South Asian countries, and that the use of thin, transcluencent fabric developed naturally given the heat and humidity of the Philippines. Historians, likewise, have noted the absence of a citation to the specific law where the Spaniards supposedly prohibited the natives from tucking in their shirts. They also note that natives during the Spanish Era wore their shirts tucked at times. A common example cited in support of this argument is José Rizal and his contemporaries, who were photographed in Western clothing with their shirts tucked — although the era of the barong predated Rizal's time.
Another disputed theory is whether the barong was a local adaptation or a precursor to the guayabera, a shirt popular in the Latin American communities. [1] According to those who claim that the barong is the precursor of the guayabera (pronounced "gwa-ya-ber-ra" with an almost silent "G"), the guayabera shirt was originally called "Filipina" during the era of Manila Galleon tradeships when it was brought to Mexico from the Philippines. [2]
[edit] Type of cloth used
Filipinos don their finest formal Barongs in a variety of fabrics.
Piña fabric - is hand-loomed from pineapple leaf fibers. And because Piña weavers in the Philippines are dwindling, its scarcity makes the delicate Piña cloth expensive and is thus used for very formal events.
Jusi fabric - is mechanically woven and was once made from abaca or banana silk but, since the 1960's, it has been replaced by imported silk organza.
Banana fabric - is another sheer fabric used in formal occasions. Made and hand woven from banana fiber, it usually comes with geometric design details. This fabric hails from the Visayas island of Negros.
Piña-Jusi fabric - is the latest barong fabric that just came out of the market and is gaining much popularity. With the sheerness of pineapple fibers and the strength of the jusi fiber, this "new" fabric blend offers the market the same formality needed on special occasions at a more reasonable price range.
[edit] Other versions
The term "Barong Tagalog" is used almost exclusively to refer to the formal version of the barong; however, less formal versions of this national costume also exist.
- Polo Barong - The term "polo barong" refers to a short-sleeved version of the barong, often made with linen, ramie or cotton. This is the least formal version of the barong, often used as office wear (akin to the suit and tie).
- "Gusot-Mayaman" ("gusot" means "wrinkled" and "mayaman" means "wealthy") and Linen Barongs - Barongs that are not constructed with pina, jusi, or similarly delicate fabrics are generally considered less formal than the Barong Tagalog. Both "gusot-mayaman" and linen barongs are used for everyday office wear.
- Shirt-jack Barong - Barong cut in shirt-jack style usually in poly-cotton, linen-cotton and gusot-mayaman fabrics. Popularized by politicians and government officials and worn during campaigns or out-in-the-field assigments. This barong style gives the wearer a more casual look yet lends a more dressed-up appearance from the usual street worn casual wear.
[edit] Controversy
At the 2007 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit in Sydney, Australia, a press release from the organizing committee described the Barong Tagalog, the Filipino's national costume for men, as a "peasant shirt". [3] The Philippine Government is calling for clarifications regarding the said issue.
[edit] References
- ^ www.exploring-mexico.com/2007/04/17/the-exotic-style-of-the-mexican-guayabera - "History has it that the Guayabera originated from Cuba and was made iconic in the Cuban culture but was inspired by the Philippines’ Barong Tagalog"
- ^ CubaNet News: The Miami Herald. Torture suspect arrested., Jul. 03, 2004
- ^ ABS-CBN Interactive: RP cries foul as APEC tags natl costume as 'peasant shirt', 9/9/2007
[edit] External Links
|
||||||||||
