Prnjavor, Bosnia and Herzegovina
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Prnjavor Прњавор |
|
 |
|
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
|---|---|
| Settlements | 63 |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Vlado Živković (SDS) [1] |
| Area | |
| - Total | 631 km² (243.6 sq mi) |
| Population (1991) | |
| - Total | 46,894 |
| - Municipality | 52,000 |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Area code(s) | 51 |
| Website: www.prnjavor.rs.ba | |
Prnjavor (Cyrillic: Прњавор) is a town and municipality in northwest of Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The municipality is near the town of Banja Luka which is the de facto capital of Republika Srpska.
Contents |
[edit] History
Even over 600 years ago peoples recognized good life surroundings in the administrative area of the present-day Municipality of Prnjavor. Although there had been some settlements from the Roman period here, only in the Middle Ages more significant colonization and settlement development as well as the construction of monasteries, one of which was Stuplje, took place.
According to historical sources, medieval monasteries had their landed properties called PRNJAVORI, and the locals living there were called PRNJAVORCI. This is believed to be the primary reason for Prnjavor to bear the present name.
For the first time Prnjavor was mentioned in the recorded history in 1829. The settlement itself is of a more recent date. In the mid-19th century and according to te records of the travel writer Jukic, Prnjavor had about a hundred houses and around a thousand inhabitants. At the time of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between the two world wars, Prnjavor underwent more significant development followed by the opening of craftsman worshops, hotels, shops, a few manufacturing plants.
In the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Prnjavor was not developed Municipality in Bosnia and Herzegowina.
[edit] Demographics
[edit] 1910
According to the 1910 census, the absolute majority in the Prnjavor Municipality were Orthodox Christians (60.89%).
[edit] 1971
46,734 total
- Serbs - 35,177 (75.27%)
- Muslims - 6,143 (13.14%)
- Croats - 2,148 (4.59%)
- Yugoslavs - 96 (0.20%)
- others - 3,170 (6.80%)
[edit] 1991
In 1991, the municipality of Prnjavor had a population of 46,894 people, including:
- 33,575 Serbs (See: Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
- 7,153 Muslims by nationality
- 1,737 Croats (See: Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
- 1,718 Yugoslavs
- 2,711 others
[edit] 2006
In 2006, the majority of inhabitants of municipality were ethnic Serbs. [2]
[edit] Demographic history
In the end of the 19th century, during Austria-Hungary, then sparsely populated area of the Municipality of Prnjavor was colonized by settlers from Eastern and Central Europe (Ukraine, Italy, Hungary, Poland, Germany, Austria, Bohemia, Slovakia, etc). At the time of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and due to numerous national minorities (about 20) Prnjavor was called "Little Europe". Except the Ukrainian, Italian and Czech national minorities the others were mainly small communities. But, even today, besides the constitutive nations of Serbs Croats, and Bosniaks small number of Hungarians, Slovaks, Germans, Polish, Slovenians, Bulgarians, Romanians, ethnic Macedonians, Jews, and Russians live in Prnjavor.
[edit] Sport
The local football club, FK Ljubić Prnjavor, plays in the First League of the Republika Srpska.
[edit] Resources
Farmlands: 437.79 km² (169 sq mi)/68.8%
Cultivable land: 382.64 km² (147.74 sq mi)
Forest resources: 173.39 km² (66.95 sq mi)
Water resources: The Ukrina River, Drenova Lake
[edit] Economy
Talking a long-term view the Municipality of Prnjavor as decided on encouraging small and medium-size business. Since the state company privatization has been going on in the last seven years, the private small and medium-size firms have been bound to absorb the social strike. The procedure of issuing building permits has been simplified and at same time building sites for new firms have been provided in due time and according to a plan. During the designing of the new egioal planning documents special attention has been paid to the need of the investment in the development of the local community. Prnjavor has become an interesting place for investors, above all for the people having earned their caital in Western European countries, where according to some estimates, some 6 000 Prnjavor's citizens have been employed.
In 2000 the private sector employed 1,900 people, and in 2005 the number was about three thousand, which indicates the expansion of the private enterprise in Prnjavor.
Private enterprises: 300
Self-supporting shops: 850
State-owned companies and institutions: 70
The employed: 5600
The unemployed: 3600
On 31 October 2005
[edit] Agriculture
Considering that almost four-fifths of the population live in rural areas and reckoning with great areas of cultivable land, with all reason agriculture has been recognized as the key branch of the economy considering the Municipality development. In the area of Prnjavor more than 200 km² (49,000 acres) of land are cultivated while 6.1 km² (1,510 acres) is planted with fruit crops.
Out of the total area of the cultivated farmlands, the cereal crops share is 77%, vegetable crops 10% while the rest has been sown with industrial crops, berries and fruit crops. New greenhouses are being constructed, health food production (organic agriculture) projects have been started which the Municipality of Prnjavor has great predispositions to due to the lack of significant industrial capacities as well as the preserved nature.
[edit] Tourism and leisure
The great areas of timber-lands as well as the Ukrina river and Drenova lake ar good foundation for hunt and fishing development. In 2003 a record catch (a 91 kg heavy catfish) was registered a this lake, otherwise being a fishing ground. The rich fish stocks, the Ukrina's banks covered with greenery and the old mills make this river specially attractive for all the nature and fishing lovers.
The hunting grounds on Mt. Motajica, in the forest lands of Čavka and Mt. Ljubić as well as the fishing ground of Ribnjak have again become destinations for hunters from Germany, Austria and especially Italy.
"Vučijak" Lipizzaner Horse Farm, founded in 1946, belongs to the group of the most famous horse farms from the time of ex-Yugoslavia. There are about fifty Lipizzaner head on it with significant presence of several breeding lins and stocks.
Kulaši Spa, 14 km (9 mi) from Prnjavor, has been known as a sanatorium ever since Austria-Hungarian rule in this area. Therapeutic factors: water is hyperalkalescent (pH 12.75) and includes hydrogen sulphide (H2S, HS+). The water is hyperthermal and its temperature is 28 °C (82 °F). Basic water characteristics: curative, oligomineral, thermomineral, hyperalkalic, chloride and sulphide water with the presence of calcium and sodium. Indications: degeneratve skin disease (psoriasis, eczema, hair root sebreae, acne etc.) postoperative conditions, inflammatory diseases of the bone-joint-and-muscle system, liver, stomach, kidney and urinary tract diseases etc.
Stuplje and Liplje monasteries are two twins and in books they are always mentioned together as the victims of burning during Turkish reign. After having been burnt by the Turks during Austria-Turkish war they were neglected. The foundations of Stuplje were found in Gornji Vijačani (village not far from Prnjavor) only in mid-1994. The reconstruction and building of this medieval monastery has been going on ever since.
The log-built church in Palačkovci is one of the most important cultural monuments in the Municipality. It is devoted to apostles Peter and Paul and was built in 1843 in the period of Turkish rule. In terms of its construction and engineering as well as aesthetically it is a real small master-piece of popular architecture. Even at the time of the od Yugoslavia it was declared a worldwide cultural heritage monument and was put under the protection of the state.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
![[2]](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:DemoBIH2006.PNG){kind=link}