Nissan A engine
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The Nissan A series of internal combustion gasoline engines have been used in Datsun, Nissan and Premier brand vehicles. Displacements of this four-stroke engine family ranged from 1.0 liter to 1.5 liter and have been produced from 1967 to the present. It is a small-displacement four cylinder inline engine. It uses a lightweight cast iron block and an aluminum cylinder head, with overhead valves actuated by pushrods.
The Nissan A engine design is a refined, quiet and durable gasoline engine. It appears to be a modern replacement of the earlier iron-headed Nissan E engine and is of similar dimensions. The 1960s E series was an all-new design inspired of Nissan's improvements to the BMC A-Series engine design in the 1950s (Nissan was a licensee of Austin Motor Company technology).
1974 and newer A-series engines have different block castings, with relocated motor mount bosses.
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[edit] A10 - The First A-series Engine
The A10 is a 1.0 liter (988 cc) engine, released in September 1966 in the 1967 model year Datsun 1000. The A10 featured a three main bearing crankshaft. Bore was 73 mm and stroke was 59 mm (same as the Nissan C engine). With a 2-barrel Hitachi carburetor and an 8.5 to 1 compression ratio this engine produced 62 bhp (46 kW) @6000 rpm and 61.5 ft·lbf. of torque (83 Nm). The Datsun 1000 Coupe introduced in Sept 1968, was equipped with an uprated A10 engine boasting a free flowing dual outlet exhaust manifold with increased compression, now 9 to 1. With a revised carburettor, this engine produced 66 bhp (49 kW). Later versions of A10 produced 59 hp (SAE).
Applications:
- 1967-1970 Nissan Sunny B10, B20 (Datsun 1000)
- 1971-1976 Nissan Cherry E10 (Datsun 100A)
[edit] A12 (1200) - Further Refinements
The A12 is a 1.2 liter (1171 cc) engine with 73 mm bore, like the previous A10 engine, but the stroke is increased to 70 mm. With five main bearings on a forged steel crankshaft, the engine is extremely smooth and durable. The 2-barrel Hitachi carburetor was significantly improved with the addition of a power valve circuit. It produced 69 hp (51.45 kW) and 70 ft·lbf. (94.9 Nm).
A special version of the A12 called the "A12 GX" engine, was available (A12GX or A12T). With twin Hitachi sidedraft carburetors, a longer duration camshaft and 10:1 compression ratio, the engine accomplished 83 hp (62 kW) @6400 rpm, up 20% from standard A12 engines. The GX engine was offered in Japanese Domestic Market Datsun Sunny 1200 GX sedans and coupes. The identical specification A12T engine was offered in the front-wheel-drive Datsun Cherry X-1. [1]
An overbored version of the A12 was used in period race cars, including Nissan factory (works) racing Datsun 1200s. Many were bored from the original 73 mm to 76.76 mm using Tomei forged pistons for a displacement of 1296 cc while others used the Datsun Competition forged pistons of 76 mm to displace 1270cc. These legendary engines competed in Japan's Touring Sedan (TS) class races against the 1200's archrival Toyota Starlet. [2]
Perhaps the most interesting variety of A series engines was the [AY12] engine. This was a special race-only Nissan factory (works) racing version with a Crossflow cylinder head. [3]
Applications:
- 1971-1973 Nissan Sunny B110, and B120 (Datsun 1200 Truck)
- 1971-1973 Datsun Cherry E10 (Datsun 120A)
[edit] A12 - 1974 Redesign
For the 1974 model year, the A engine was modified, and all subsequent A engines use the new block style. Since there was increasing need for accessories like air conditioning, anti-pollution air pumps and the like, the distributor was moved from the front side of the engine to the middle of the block to make room for these accessories. Additionally, the motor mount positions were moved slightly.
This "new" A12 retained the same bore, stroke and most other specifications of the previous A12.
Applications include:
- 1974-1978 Nissan Sunny B210 (Datsun 120Y) (not used in the US model B-210)
- 1974-1976 Datsun Cherry E10 (Datsun 120A)
- 1980-1982 Nissan Sunny B310 (Datsun 120Y) (not used in the US model 210)
- 1974-1995 Nissan Sunny Truck
- Premier 118NE sedan out of India
[edit] A13 (1974) - the First Tall-Deck A Engine
The 1974 A13 is a 1.3 liter (1288 cc) engine with 73 mm bore like the A10 and A12 above, but stroke increased to 77 mm, and compression ratio reduced to 8.5:1.
This engine features a "tall-block" with a deck height 15 mm (0.59 inch) higher than previous A-series engines.
Applications:
- 1974 Nissan Sunny Datsun B-210 (USA and Canada)
Making this engine a 75 hp (56 kW). An important fact is that this model (B210) just existed in 1974.
[edit] A14 - The Engine that Powered Millions
The A14 is a 1.4 liter (1397 cc) engine produced from the 1975 Model year through current year as of 2007. The bore was increased to 76 mm, up from 73 mm of previous A-series engines. Like the previous A13 engine, the A14 is a "tall-block" variant. It was produced in various ratings from 50 Horsepower to 85 hp (63 kW).
A twin-carburetor "GX" version of this engine (A14T) was available in some markets.
Applications:
- 1975-1978 Nissan Sunny B210 (140Y or B-210)
- 1979-1982 Nissan Sunny B310 (Datsun 140Y or "Datsun 210")
- 1977-1982 Nissan Pulsar N10 ("Datsun 310") 92 hp
- 2007 Nissan LDV 1400 (model B140). See Nissan Sunny.
- Datsun Forklift models (including turbocharged variant)
A fuel injected version (A14E) was offered in Asian markets in the B310.
[edit] A13 (1979-1982) - Short-Deck Engine
The redesigned A13 is a 1.3 liter engine. It used the same basic block casting as the A12 and same stroke of 70 mm, but used a 76 mm bore for a displacement of 1270cc. This engine was used as the base for a number of Formula Pacific & Formula 3 race engines
Applications:
- 1980-1982 B310 Japan Domestic Market. See Nissan Sunny.
[edit] A12A
The A12A is a 1.2 liter (1237 cc) engine. It used a casting similar to the A12 and same stroke, but used a 75 mm bore up from 73 mm, for an increase of 66 cc capacity.
The A12A shared a common block and crankshaft with the redesigned A12 and A13 engines.
Applications:
- 1980-1982 "Datsun 210" B310 (USA and Canada). See Nissan Sunny.
[edit] A15 - Stroker Motor
The A15 is a 1.5 liter (1488 cc) engine produced from 1979 through 1998. The stroke was increased by 5 mm from the A14 engine's 77 mm to now measure 82 mm. It produces 80 hp (60 kW). It used a different block casting, but the same "tall-block" deck height as the A14. In the Roadstar it's capable of 49 mpg (17,3 km/L).
A fuel injected version of the A15 (A15E) was offered in Asian markets.
Applications:
- Nissan Sunny B310 ("Datsun 210")
- Nissan Cherry F10 ("Datsun F10")
- Sportstar and Roadstar utes (model B120) from Nissan New Zealand [4]
- Nissan Vanette
[edit] References
- SP Workshop Manual Series No. 111: Datsun 120Y, Sunny, B210, ISBN 0-85566-177-1.
- Service Manual Model A10 and A12 Engine, Nissan Motor Co. Ltd, June 1971
- Datsun Sunny B310 Japan Domestic Market parts catalog, Nissan Motor Co. Ltd, October 1983
[edit] External links
[edit] See also
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