Michael Phelps

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Michael Phelps Michael Phelps in 2005. Personal information Full name: Michael Fred Phelps III Nickname(s): The Baltimore Bullet Nationality:  United States Club: Club Wolverine, University of Michigan Date of birth: June 30, 1985 (1985-06-30) (age 22) Place of birth: Baltimore, Maryland, United States Height: 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) Weight: 195 pounds (88 kg)

Medal record Men's Swimming Competitor for  United States Olympic Games Gold 2004 Athens[1] 100 m butterfly Gold 2004 Athens 200 m butterfly Gold 2004 Athens 200 m individual medley Gold 2004 Athens 400 m individual medley Gold 2004 Athens 4 x 200 m freestyle relay Gold 2004 Athens 4 x 100 m medley relay Bronze 2004 Athens 200 m freestyle Bronze 2004 Athens 4 x 100 m freestyle relay World Championships - Long Course Gold 2001 Fukuoka 200 m butterfly Gold 2003 Barcelona 200 m butterfly Gold 2003 Barcelona 200 m individual medley Gold 2003 Barcelona 400 m individual medley Gold 2003 Barcelona 4 x 100 m medley relay Gold 2005 Montreal[2] 200 m freestyle Gold 2005 Montreal 200 m individual medley Gold 2005 Montreal 4 x 100 m freestyle relay Gold 2005 Montreal 4 x 200 m freestyle relay Gold 2005 Montreal 4 x 100 m medley relay Gold 2007 Melbourne[3] 200 m freestyle Gold 2007 Melbourne 100 m butterfly Gold 2007 Melbourne 200 m butterfly Gold 2007 Melbourne 200 m individual medley Gold 2007 Melbourne 400 m individual medley Gold 2007 Melbourne 4 x 100 m freestyle relay Gold 2007 Melbourne 4 x 200 m freestyle relay Silver 2003 Barcelona 100 m butterfly Silver 2003 Barcelona 4 x 200 m freestyle relay Silver 2005 Montreal 100 m butterfly World Championships - Short Course Gold 2004 Indianapolis[4] 200 m freestyle Pan Pacific Championships Gold 2002 Yokohama 200 m individual medley Gold 2002 Yokohama 400 m individual medley Gold 2002 Yokohama 4 x 100 m medley relay Gold 2006 Victoria 200 m butterfly Gold 2006 Victoria 200 m individual medley Gold 2006 Victoria 400 m individual medley Gold 2006 Victoria 4 x 100 m freestyle relay Gold 2006 Victoria 4 x 200 m freestyle relay Silver 2002 Yokohama 200 m backstroke Silver 2002 Yokohama 4 x 200 m freestyle relay Silver 2006 Victoria 200 m backstroke

Michael Phelps (born June 30, 1985 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American swimmer and World Record Holder in several events. Phelps' achievements include a record of eight medals at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, six of which were gold, tying the Olympic record for medals at single Olympics, held by Alexander Dityatin since 1980.^[5] Phelps's international titles, along with his various world records, have resulted in his being named World Swimmer of the Year four times — in 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2007.

Contents 1 Career 1.1 Early years 1.2 2004 Summer Olympic Games 1.3 Recent years 2 Personal life 3 Major achievements 3.1 International events 3.2 U.S. national titles 4 Records and Rankings 4.1 Currently held records 4.2 World records set by Michael Phelps 4.3 Best Times and All-Time Event Rankings 5 See also 6 References 7 External links

[edit] Career

[edit] Early years

As a young teenager, Phelps trained in swimming at the North Baltimore Aquatic Club, under coach Bob Bowman. At the age of 15, Phelps competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney as the youngest American male swimmer at an Olympic Games in 68 years. While he did not win a medal, he was fifth in the 200 m Butterfly. Phelps proceeded to make a name for himself in swimming shortly thereafter. Five months after the Sydney Olympics, Phelps broke the world record in the 200 m butterfly to become, at 15 years and 9 months, the youngest man ever to set a swimming world record.^[6] He then broke his own record again at the World Championships in Fukuoka, Japan (1:54.58). At the 2002 Summer Nationals in Fort Lauderdale, Phelps also broke the world record for the 400 m individual medley and set American marks in the 100 m butterfly and the 200 m individual medley.

In 2003, Phelps broke his own world record in the 400 m individual medley (4:09.09) and in June, he broke the world record in the 200 m individual medley (1:56.04). Then on July 7, 2004, Phelps broke his own world record again in the 400 m individual medley (4:08.41) during the U.S. trials for the 2004 Summer Olympics.

[edit] 2004 Summer Olympic Games

See also: Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics

Phelps' dominance has brought comparisons to former swimming great Mark Spitz,^[7] who won seven gold medals in the 1972 Summer Olympics, a world record. Phelps tied Mark Spitz's record of four gold medals won in single person events. Phelps had the chance to break Spitz's record of 7 total gold medals in the 2004 Athens Olympics by competing in eight swimming events (5 of which were individual events): the 200 m freestyle, the 100 m butterfly, the 200 m butterfly, the 200 m individual medley, the 400 m individual medley, the 4x100 m freestyle relay, 4x200 m freestyle relay, and the 4x100 m medley relay. However, his 4x100 m freestyle relay team only won the bronze medal, and he personally placed for bronze in the 200 m freestyle. Thus, he fell short of that record. However, he did win eight medals in one Olympics, a feat only achieved by Alexander Dityatin, a gymnast, in the 1980 Olympics in Moscow.

Had he won seven golds, he would have been eligible for a US$1 million bonus from his sponsor, Speedo.^[8]
Phelps does, however, have another chance at this $1 million should he win seven or more golds at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.

On August 14, 2004, he won his first Olympic gold, in the 400 m individual medley, setting another new world record (4:08.26). On August 16 he was beaten by the Australian winner Ian Thorpe and the Dutch Pieter van den Hoogenband in 200 m freestyle final, called the race of the century.^[9]

On August 20, in the 100 m butterfly final, Phelps defeated American teammate Ian Crocker (who holds the world record in the event) by just 0.04 seconds. Traditionally, the Olympian who places highest in an individual event will be automatically given the corresponding leg of the 4x100 m medley relay. This gave Phelps an automatic entry into the medley relay but he deferred and Crocker swam instead. The American medley team went on to win the event in world record time, and, since he had raced in a preliminary heat of the medley relay, Phelps was also awarded a gold medal along with the team members that competed in the final.

[edit] Recent years

Phelps moved to Ann Arbor, Michigan following the 2004 Olympics when his longtime coach at the North Baltimore Athletic Club, Bob Bowman, became head coach of the University of Michigan swimming team. Phelps is serving as a volunteer assistant coach, but cannot swim for the university's team in NCAA competition because of his loss of amateur status, having accepted endorsement money from his sponsors Speedo, Visa, Omega, and PowerBar.^[10] Instead, he trains with and competes for Club Wolverine, a USA Swimming club affiliated with the university.

At the 2007 Worlds, Phelps won 7 gold medals, tying the record, and broke 5 world records. He co-founded the "Swim with the Stars" program, along with Ian Crocker and Lenny Krayzelburg, a program which promotes swimming and conducts camps for swimmers of all ages.

[edit] Personal life

Phelps grew up in the Rodgers Forge neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, and graduated from Towson High School in 2003. His father, Fred Phelps, worked with the Maryland State Police and his mother, Debbie Davisson Phelps, has worked as a school teacher and administrator.^{[citation needed]} The two divorced in 1994. Michael has two older sisters, Whitney and Hilary. Both of them were swimmers as well, with Whitney coming close to making the U.S. Team for the 1996 Summer Olympics before injuries derailed her career.

In his youth, Michael was diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). He started swimming at age seven, partly because of the influence of his sisters and partly to provide him with an outlet for his restless energy. He blossomed quickly as a swimmer, and by the age of 10 held a national record for his age group. More age group records followed, and Michael's rapid improvement culminated in his qualifying for the 2000 Summer Olympics at the age of 15.^[11]

Between 2004–2008, Phelps attended the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, studying sports marketing and management. In May 2008, Phelps said he intends to return to Baltimore following the 2008 Olympics, joining Bob Bowman there when he leaves the University of Michigan, saying, "I'm not going to swim for anybody else. I think we can both help the North Baltimore Athletic Club go further. I'm definitely going to be in Baltimore next year." The club has announced that Bowman is leaving the University of Michigan to become the club's CEO.^[12]

[edit] Major achievements

[edit] International events

Year	Meet	Venue	Distance	Event	Result
2001	World Championships (LC)	Fukuoka, Japan	200 m	Butterfly	1st (WR)
2002	Pan Pacific Championships	Yokohama, Japan	200 m	Butterfly	2nd
			200 m	Individual Medley	1st
			400 m	Individual Medley	1st
			4 x 200 m	Freestyle Relay	2nd
			4 x 100 m	Medley Relay	1st (WR)
2003	World Championships (LC)	Barcelona, Spain	100 m	Butterfly	2nd
			200 m	Butterfly	1st (WR)
			200 m	Individual Medley	1st (WR)
			400 m	Individual Medley	1st (WR)
			4 x 200 m	Freestyle Relay	2nd (AR)
			4 x 100 m	Medley Relay	1st
2004	Summer Olympics	Athens, Greece	200 m	Freestyle	3rd (AR)
			100 m	Butterfly	1st (OR)
			200 m	Butterfly	1st (OR)
			200 m	Individual Medley	1st (OR)
			400 m	Individual Medley	1st (WR)
			4 x 100 m	Medley Relay	1st
			4 x 100 m	Freestyle Relay	3rd
			4 x 200 m	Freestyle Relay	1st (AR)
	World Championships (SC)	Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.	200 m	Freestyle	1st
2005	World Championships (LC)	Montreal, Quebec, Canada	200 m	Freestyle	1st
			100 m	Butterfly	2nd
			200 m	Individual Medley	1st
			4 x 100 m	Medley Relay	1st
			4 x 100 m	Freestyle Relay	1st
			4 x 200 m	Freestyle Relay	1st
2006	Pan Pacific Championships	Victoria, British Columbia, Canada	200 m	Backstroke	2nd
			200 m	Butterfly	1st (WR)
			200 m	Individual Medley	1st (WR)
			400 m	Individual Medley	1st
			4 x 100 m	Freestyle Relay	1st (WR)
			4 x 200 m	Freestyle Relay	1st (AR)
2007	World Championships (LC)	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	4 x 100 m	Freestyle Relay	1st
			4 x 200 m	Freestyle Relay	1st (WR)
			200 m	Freestyle	1st (WR)
			200 m	Butterfly	1st (WR)
			200 m	Individual Medley	1st (WR)
			100 m	Butterfly	1st
			400 m	Individual Medley	1st (WR)

LC: long course - 50 m pool; SC: short course - 25 m pool.

[edit] U.S. national titles

With 38 national titles as of 2007, Phelps is beginning to approach the record of 48 held by Tracy Caulkins.

Meters Nationals (38+5):

50 m free (1): '07 SCN

100 m free (4): '07 WIN, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM

200 m free (7): '07 SUM (US), '06 SUM, '05 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM (AR), '03 SPG

400 m free (2): '05 SPG, '03 SUM (AR)

100 m back (1): '07 SUM (US)

200 m back (4): '07 SUM (US), '04 SPG, '03 SUM, '03 SPG

100 m fly (7): '07 SUM, '06 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG (US), '03 SPG, '02 SUM (AR), ’01 SUM

200 m fly (4): '06 SUM, '05 SUM, '02 SUM (US), '01 SPG (WR)

200 m IM (6): '06 SUM, '05 SPG, '04 SPG, '03 SUM (WR), '02 SUM (AR), ’01 SUM

400 m IM (2): '06 SUM, '02 SUM (WR)

4 x 100 m medley (2): '07 SUM, '06 SUM

4 x 100 m free (2): '07 SUM, '05 SUM

4 x 200 m free (1): '05 SUM (US)

Yards Nationals (2+1):

100 yd free (1): '07 SCYN

200 yd free (1): '07 SCYN

4 x 200 yd free (1): '07 SCYN (AR)

• Relays do not count as individual national titles.
• USA Swimming is currently in the process of moving away from having 2 National Championships per year to only 1. As a result, he has not and may not attend many more Spring Nationals.

[edit] Records and Rankings

[edit] Currently held records

Record	Distance	Event	Time	Location	Date
WR	200 m (lc)	Freestyle	1:43.86	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 March 27
	200 m (lc)	Butterfly	1:52.09	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 March 28
	200 m (lc)	Individual Medley	1:54.98	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 March 29
	400 m (lc)	Individual Medley	4:06.22	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 April 1
	4 x 100 m (lc)	Freestyle Relay	3:12.46	Victoria, British Columbia, Canada	2006 August 19
	4 x 200 m (lc)	Freestyle Relay	7:03.24	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 March 30
AR	200 m (sc)	Freestyle	1:43.78	East Meadow, New York, USA	2006 February 4
	200 m (sc)	Butterfly	1:52.27	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2003 November 28
	200yd	Freestyle	1:32.08	Austin, Texas, USA	2005 March 3
	200yd	Butterfly	1:39.70	Austin, Texas, USA	2006 March 4
	400yd	Individual Medley	3:36.26	Austin, Texas, USA	2006 March 3
US	200 m (lc)	Freestyle	1:44.98	Indianapolis, Indiana, USA	2007 August 3
	100 m (lc)	Backstroke	52.98	Indianapolis, Indiana, USA	2007 August 3
	200 m (lc)	Freestyle	1:44.98	Indianapolis, Indiana, USA	2007 August 3
	100 m (lc)	Backstroke	53.01	Indianapolis, Indiana, USA	2007 August 3
	200 m (lc)	Backstroke	1:54.65	Indianapolis, Indiana, USA	2007 August 1
	200 m (lc)	Butterfly	1:53.31	Columbia, Missouri, USA	2008 February 16
	200 m (lc)	Individual Medley	1:55.94	College Park, Maryland, USA	2003 August 9
	400 m (lc)	Individual Medley	4:08.41	Long Beach, California, USA	2004 July 7
	4 x 200 m (lc)	Freestyle Relay	7:12.35	Irvine, California, USA	2005 August 5
	200 m (sc)	Freestyle	1:43.78	East Meadow, New York, USA	2006 February 4
	400 m (sc)	Individual Medley	4:03.99	East Meadow, New York, USA	2006 February 3
	200yd	Butterfly	1:39.70	Austin, Texas, USA	2006 March 4
	400yd	Individual Medley	3:36.26	Austin, Texas, USA	2006 March 3

[edit] World records set by Michael Phelps

With 23 world records (20 individual + 3 relay) as of 2007, Phelps is beginning to approach the record held by Mark Spitz of 33 world records (26 individual + 7 relay).

No.	Distance	Event	Time	Location	Date
1	200 m (lc)	Butterfly	1:54.92	Austin, Texas, USA	2001 March 30
2	200 m (lc)	Butterfly	1:54.58	Fukuoka, Japan	2001 July 24
3	400 m (lc)	Individual Medley	4:11.09	Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, USA	2002 August 15
4	4x100 m (lc)	Medley Relay1	3:33.48	Yokohama, Japan	2002 August 29
5	400 m (lc)	Individual Medley	4:10.73	Indianapolis, Indiana, USA	2003 April 6
6	200 m (lc)	Individual Medley	1:57.94	Santa Clara, California, USA	2003 June 29
7	200 m (lc)	Butterfly	1:53.93	Barcelona, Spain	2003 July 22
8	200 m (lc)	Individual Medley	1:57.52	Barcelona, Spain	2003 July 24
9	100 m (lc)	Butterfly	51.47	Barcelona, Spain	2003 July 25
10	200 m (lc)	Individual Medley	1:56.04	Barcelona, Spain	2003 July 25
11	400 m (lc)	Individual Medley	4:09.09	Barcelona, Spain	2003 July 27
12	200 m (lc)	Individual Medley	1:55.94	College Park, Maryland, USA	2003 August 9
13	400 m (lc)	Individual Medley	4:08.41	Long Beach, California, USA	2004 July 7
14	400 m (lc)	Individual Medley	4:08.26	Athens, Greece	2004 August 14
15	200 m (lc)	Butterfly	1:53.80	Victoria, British Columbia, Canada	2006 August 17
16	4x100 m (lc)	Freestyle Relay²	3:12.46	Victoria, British Columbia, Canada	2006 August 19
17	200 m (lc)	Individual Medley	1:55.84	Victoria, British Columbia, Canada	2006 August 20
18	200 m (lc)	Butterfly	1:53.71	Columbia, Missouri, USA	2007 February 17
19	200 m (lc)	Freestyle	1:43.86	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 March 27
20	200 m (lc)	Butterfly	1:52.09	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 March 28
21	200 m (lc)	Individual Medley	1:54.98	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 March 29
22	4x200 m (lc)	Freestyle Relay³	7:03.24	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 March 30
23	400 m (lc)	Individual Medley	4:06.22	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia	2007 April 1

LC: long course - 50 m pool; SC: short course - 25 m pool.
¹ with Aaron Peirsol, Brendan Hansen and Jason Lezak
² with Neil Walker, Cullen Jones and Jason Lezak
³ with Ryan Lochte, Klete Keller and Peter Vanderkaay

[edit] Best Times and All-Time Event Rankings

Event	Best Time	All-Time American Rank	All-Time World Rank	Top 10 Swims All-Time
		Long Course Meters
100m Freestyle	48.41	#3	#14
200m Freestyle	1:43.86	#1	#1	#1, #8 (1:44,98)
400m Freestyle	3:46.73	#5	#20
100m Backstroke	53.01	#2	#2	#2, Tie-#3 (Aaron Peirsol, 53.17)
200m Backstroke	1:54.65	#3	#3	#3
100m Butterfly	50.77	#2	#2	#3, #7 (51.10), #8 (51.15), Tie-#10 (Ian Crocker, 51.25)
200m Butterfly	1:52.09	#1	#1	#1, #2 (1:53.31), #3 (1:53.80), #4 (1:53.93), #5 (1:54.04), #7 (1:54.31), #8 (1:54.32), #9 (1:54.35)
200m Individual Medley	1:54.98	#1	#1	#1, #2 (1:55.84), #3 (1:55.94), #4 (1:56.04), #7 (1:56.50), #8 (1:56.68), #9 (1:56.71)
400m Individual Medley	4:06.22	#1	#1	#1, #2 (4:08.26), #3 (4:08.41), #4 (4:09.09), #10 (4:10.16)
		Short Course Yards
100yd Freestyle	41.93	#5	#9
200yd Freestyle	1:32.08	#1	#2	#2, #3 (1:32.13), #6 (1:32.43)
500yd Freestyle	4:10.43	#5	#5	#7
100yd Backstroke	45.50	#7	#8
200yd Backstroke	1:41.55	#21	#23
100yd Butterfly	45.40	#4	#6
200yd Butterfly	1:39.70	#1	#1	#1, #2 (1:41.72), #6 (1:42.10)
200yd Individual Medley	1:41.30	#2	#2	#3, #4 (1:41.32), #9 (1:42.78)
400yd Individual Medley	3:36.26	#1	#1	#1, #9 (3:39.61)

[edit] See also

• World record progression 200 metres freestyle
• World record progression 100 metres butterfly
• World record progression 200 metres butterfly
• World record progression 200 metres medley
• World record progression 400 metres medley

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Michael Phelps official web site
• Biography at USA Swimming
• Official U.S. Olympic Team bio ... with links to photo galleries and Q&As
• Stroke by Stroke: How Michael Phelps turbocharged his repertoire (photos).
• Michael Phelps at the Internet Movie Database
• Videos & Results on SwimPassion.net

Records
Preceded by Tom Malchow	Men's 200 metre butterfly world record holder (long course) March 30, 2001	Succeeded by Incumbent
Preceded by Tom Dolan	Men's 400 metre individual medley world record holder (long course) August 15, 2002	Succeeded by Incumbent
Preceded by Jani Sievinen	Men's 200 metre individual medley world record holder (long course) June 29, 2003	Succeeded by Incumbent
Preceded by Andriy Serdinov	Men's 100 metre butterfly world record holder (long course) July 25, 2003 – July 26, 2003	Succeeded by Ian Crocker
Preceded by Ian Thorpe	Men's 200 metre freestyle world record holder (long course) March 27, 2007	Succeeded by Incumbent
Awards
Preceded by Ian Thorpe	World Swimmer of the Year 2003-2004	Succeeded by Grant Hackett
Preceded by Grant Hackett	World Swimmer of the Year 2006-2007	Succeeded by incumbent

v • d • e Olympic champions in men's 100 m butterfly 1968: Douglas Russell | 1972: Mark Spitz | 1976: Matt Vogel | 1980: Pär Arvidsson | 1984: Michael Gross | 1988: Anthony Nesty | 1992: Pablo Morales | 1996: Denis Pankratov | 2000: Lars Frölander | 2004: Michael Phelps

v • d • e Olympic champions in men's 200 m butterfly 1956: William Yorzyk | 1960: Michael Troy | 1964: Kevin Berry | 1968: Carl Robie | 1972: Mark Spitz | 1976: Mike Bruner | 1980: Sergey Fesenko, Sr. | 1984: Jon Sieben | 1988: Michael Gross | 1992: Melvin Stewart | 1996: Denis Pankratov | 2000: Tom Malchow | 2004: Michael Phelps

v • d • e Olympic champions in men's 200 m individual medley 1968: Charles Hickcox | 1972: Gunnar Larsson | 1984: Alex Baumann | 1988: Tamás Darnyi | 1992: Tamás Darnyi | 1996: Attila Czene | 2000: Massimiliano Rosolino | 2004: Michael Phelps

v • d • e Olympic champions in men's 400 m individual medley 1964: Richard Roth | 1968: Charles Hickcox | 1972: Gunnar Larsson | 1976: Rod Strachan | 1980: Aleksandr Sidorenko | 1984: Alex Baumann | 1988: Tamás Darnyi | 1992: Tamás Darnyi | 1996: Tom Dolan | 2000: Tom Dolan | 2004: Michael Phelps

v • d • e Olympic champions in men's 4x200 m freestyle relay 1908: Great Britain (Derbyshire, Radimilovic, Foster, Taylor) | 1912: Australasia (Healy, Champion, Boardman, Hardwick) | 1920: USA (McGillivray, Kealoha, Ross, Kahanamoku) | 1924: USA (Weissmuller, O'Connor, Glancy, Breyer) | 1928: USA (Weissmuller, Clapp, Laufer, Kojac) | 1932: Japan (Yusa, Miyazaki, Yokoyama, Toyoda) | 1936: Japan (Yusa, Sugiura, Arai, Taguchi) | 1948: USA (Ris, McLane, Wolf, Smith) | 1952: USA (Moore, Woolsey, Konno, McLane) | 1956: Australia (O'Halloran, Devitt, Rose, Henricks) | 1960: USA (Harrison, Blick, Troy, Farrell) | 1964: USA (Schollander, Clark, Saari, Ilman) | 1968: USA (Schollander, Spitz, Nelson, Rerych) | 1972: USA (Spitz, Kinsella, Tyler, Genter) | 1976: USA (Bruner, Furniss, Naber, Montgomery) | 1980: Soviet Union (Kopliakov, Salnikov, Stukolkin, Krylov) | 1984: USA (Heath, Larson, Float, Hayes) | 1988: USA (Dalbey, Cetlinski, Gjertsen, Biondi) | 1992: Unified Team (Lepikov, Pyshnenko, Taianovich, Sadovyi) | 1996: USA (Davis, Hudepohl, Schumacher, Berube) | 2000: Australia (Thorpe, Klim, Pearson, Kirby) | 2004: USA (Phelps, Lochte, Vanderkaay, Keller)