Isopentenyl pyrophosphate
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| Isopentenyl pyrophosphate | |
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| IUPAC name | (hydroxy-(3-methylbut-3-enoxy) phosphoryl)oxyphosphonic acid |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [358-71-4] |
| PubChem | |
| MeSH | |
| SMILES | CC(=C)CCOP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)O |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C5H12O7P2 |
| Molar mass | 246.092 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) is an intermediate in the classical, HMG-CoA reductase pathway used by organisms in the biosynthesis of terpenes and terpenoids. IPP is formed from acetyl-CoA via mevalonic acid. IPP can then be isomerized to dimethylallyl pyrophosphate by the enzyme isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase.
Alternatively, IPP can be synthesized via the alternative, non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis instead where it is formed from (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMB-PP) by the enzyme HMB-PP reductase (LytB, IspH). The non-mevalonate pathway is utilized by many bacteria, apicomplexan protozoa such as malaria parasites, and the plastids of higher plants.
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