Glimepiride

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Glimepiride
Systematic (IUPAC) name
3-ethyl-N,N-bis (3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-oxo-5H-pyrrol-2-yl)- 4-methyl-2-oxo-5H-pyrrole-1- carboxamide
Identifiers
CAS number	93479-97-1
ATC code	A10BB12
PubChem	3476
DrugBank	APRD00381
Chemical data
Formula	C24H34N4O5S
Mol. mass	490.617 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	>99.5%
Metabolism	?
Half life	?
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	?

Glimepiride is a medium-to-long acting sulfonylurea anti-diabetic drug. It is marketed as Amaryl by Sanofi-Aventis. Glimepiride is the first third-generation sulfonylurea, and is very potent.

Contents 1 Indications 2 Adverse effects 3 Contraindications 4 Interactions 5 Pharmacology 6 Mechanism of action

[edit] Indications

Type 2 diabetes (NIDDM).

[edit] Adverse effects

Main article: Sulfonylurea

GI disturbance, rarely thrombopenia , leucopenia, haemolytic anaemia, occasionally allergic. In the initial weeks of treatment, the risk of hypoglycemia may be increased.

[edit] Contraindications

-Hypersensitivity to glimepiride or other sulfonylureas. -Pregnancy

[edit] Interactions

With NSAIDs like Salicylates, Sulphoamides, Chlorampenicol, coumarin and probencid may potentiate the hypoglycemic action of glimepride. Thiazides, other diuretic, phothiazides, thyroid products, oral contraceptives, phenytoin tend to produce hyperglycemia.

[edit] Pharmacology

With Glimepiride GI absorption is complete with no interference of meals. Significant absorption of glimepiride was seen within one hour, and distributed through out the body, bound to the plasma protein to an extended of 99.5% and it is metabolised by oxidative biotransformation and 60% is excreted in the urine, and remaining is excreted in the feces.

[edit] Mechanism of action

Main article: Sulfonylurea

Glimepiride distinctly lower the blood glucose level by both defects of NIDDM, by stimulating pancreatic beta cells to produce more insulin and induced increased activity of peripheral insulin intra cellular receptor.

v • d • e Oral antidiabetic drugs and Insulin analogs (A10) Biguanides Metformin Sulfonylureas Carbutamide, Chlorpropamide, Glibenclamide (Glyburide), Gliclazide, Glimepiride, Glipizide, Gliquidone, Tolazamide, Tolbutamide Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors Acarbose, Miglitol, Voglibose Thiazolidinediones (TZD) Pioglitazone, Rivoglitazone†, Rosiglitazone, Troglitazone‡ Meglitinides Nateglinide, Repaglinide, Mitiglinide Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors Alogliptin†, Saxagliptin†, Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin Glucagon-like peptide-1 analog Exenatide, Liraglutide†, Albiglutide† Amylin analog Pramlintide Insulin analogs fast acting (Insulin lispro, Insulin aspart, Insulin glulisine), long acting (Insulin glargine, Insulin detemir), Inhalable insulin (Exubera) Dual PPAR agonists Aleglitazar†, Muraglitazar§, Tesaglitazar§ SGLT2 inhibitor Dapagliflozin†, Remogliflozin†, Sergliflozin† †Undergoing clinical trials. ‡ Withdrawn from market. §Development halted.