User:Pomte/Fight Club in popular culture

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The 1996 novel Fight Club and its 1999 film adaptation have had a lasting influence on mass media and society.[1][2][3] The name "fight club" and catch phrases such as "the first rule of fight club..." have been parodied in various forms of media. Although the violence in the story has been criticized as pointless and unjustfied,[4] it has inspired similar types of violence in video games and society. In academia, Fight Club was used as a popular culture work to "introduce students to rhetorical analysis and argumentation" at Northern Arizona University.[5]

The influence and impact of the novel and film may be attributed to various factors. The story addresses numerous themes relevant to society,[3][6] including a critique of popular culture itself.[7][8][9][10] It particularly resonates with college[3] and film students,[11] and has inspired people to create their own works in popular culture. Its portrayal of the common, angry middle-class male[12] driven by popular-culture messages[7] has led the novel What is a Man? to cite it as a representation of manhood.[13][14] It has also been called "a perversion of masculinity",[15] and has raised demand for a feminist counterpart in popular culture.[16] The main character Tyler Durden has achieved cult status,[17][18] possibly due to his violence,[19] his philosophy,[20] or the iconic status of actor Brad Pitt.[21] The major plot twist suspended belief[22] and sparked public discussion; Rosie O'Donnell received criticism[23][24] when she called it the worst film she had ever seen and spoiled the ending on her television talk show.[25]

The film is a "postmodern joy for pop culture",[26] making self-references and references to movie projection,[27] coining the term "cigarette burns" for non-projectionists to refer to cue marks.[28] It has also popularized the concept of the power animal.[29] Prior to the film's release, the producers approached a woman with the same name as the major female character and asked for her permission to use her name in the film, in order to avoid a court case for defamation through the widespread effects of popular culture.[30]

With a trend of fight clubs appearing in local communities,[31] some evidently inspired by the film, cultural references to Fight Club may be worth studying as a social phenomenon. For instance, the film and violence were topics of discussion in a series of seminars at the University of Missouri–St. Louis Center for the Humanities.[32]

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[edit] Real world events inspired by Fight Club

In 2002, Luke Helder attempted to plant mailbox pipe bombs in such a way as to create a smiley face shape on the United States map. This is reminiscent of the Project Mayhem scene in Fight Club in which the Space Monkeys gleefully watch television news coverage of a burning building, presumably their work, with the flames on the windows resembling a smiley face. Although it is unknown whether Helder was inspired by the film, there is evidence suggesting so.[33]

Flash mob pillow fights around the world have been referred as Pillow Fight Clubs, named after Fight Club.[34] The first rule of Pillow Fight Club is "Tell everyone about Pillow Fight Club."[35] Although the mood is radically different, Pillow Fight Club shares the Fight Club ideal of "unleashing pent-up anger."[36]

In 2003 in New York City, "inexplicable mobs" were formed in a manner similar to Fight Club.[37] Word would spread online for people born in certain months to meet at a location, where someone would pass out notes with directions to the next location. At this new location, several groups would converge into a single mob. Each person would act out the role detailed on their unique note, collectively creating chaos and confusion for less than 10 minutes before dispersing. At least four such events have taken place, and the locations included a pub and a shoe store.

[edit] Real world fight clubs

Inspired by the film and/or novel, people have started their own local fight clubs. The press had been worried about the film's influence on youth with its anti-cultural mentality, although director David Fincher held that all the violence was within a moral context.[38] While measures are taken against fight clubs for teens and preteens, adult fight clubs on private property are not interfered with unless "someone complains or is sent to a hospital" according to police in Menlo Park, California.[39]

Michael Messner, a professor of sociology and gender studies at the University of Southern California, attributes this behaviour to "bottled-up violent impulses learned in childhood from video games, cartoons and movies." Michael Kimmel, a professor of sociology at the State University of New York at Stony Brook, asserted "a sadomasochistic thread" in the clubs.[39] The author of the novel, Chuck Palahniuk, thinks that "the people who would take [Fight Club] so literally and do these things are already expressing their violence and their rage in some other way [...] And if this stuff can be sort of vented in a consensual controlled situation like a fight club, I just see that as an improvement."[40]

One case wrongly attributed to Fight Club involved four youths torturing another youth in Thiensville, Wisconsin. The initial police report quoted one of the suspects as being directly inspired by Fight Club, leading it to be known in the media as the "Fight Club" case. However, it was eventually found that none of the youths had actually watched the film.[41]

  • Inspired by the film, a "Gentleman's Fight Club" was started in Silicon Valley in 2000, with members mostly from the high tech industry. They are equipped with fencing and hockey masks[39] during their one-minute fights against non-critical weapons such as blunted aluminum training knives and soap wrapped inside towels.[42] Most members have martial arts training,[42] and the injuries have been limited to several broken noses, ribs, and fingers.[39]
  • In 2006, a fight club in Arlington, Texas injured an unwilling participant from high school. The DVD sales of the fight led to the arrest of six teenagers who had edited, produced and distributed two previous DVDs of fights taking place in Arlington and Mansfield, Texas. The producer said he did not instigate any of the fights, and that the fights would take place regardless of the filming. The fights often had spectators, who may be arrested as accomplices under Texas law. While these videos feature African-American teens, a video in Grand Prairie, Texas features white teens.[31]
  • In fall 2000, students at Princeton University started a fight club for three-minute fights that take place in dark locations around the campus.[43] The fighters agree to the rules and fighting style before the fight,[44] which ends by the sight of blood or a fighter's signal.[43] While the club was influenced by the film, it asserts its own sanity and safety independent of the film's characters and plot.[44]
  • The Real Fight Club is a club for white-collar men and women that cannot be joined by anyone who has boxed before. The York Hall in London, England has been one of the venues for such boxing matches.[45] One of their causes has been to fundraise for charity.[46]
  • A Harvard Medical School team has established a "fly fight club" wherein two fruit flies are pitted against each other to study their fighting styles.[48][49] The research established that the fruitless gene determines the male and female fighting styles, and has helped in the understanding of sexual differences and aggression.[50]

[edit] General references in popular culture works

Much of Fight Club's popularity came as a result of the film, but due to similarities between the novel and film it is difficult to determine which version of the story is being targeted in some cases. The following references could have been inspired by either or both.

[edit] General references in television

  • 8 Simple Rules — In the episode where Bridget gets a job at the YMCA and Jim beats up a guy who gawks at her, Cate says, "I thought the first rule of Old Man Fight Club was you don't talk about Old Man Fight Club."
  • All My Children — The character Ryan Lavery attended a fight club, only to be found out by his wife, Greenlee.
  • Bones — In an episode of Bones, there was featured a fight club with the case placed in LA. The episode also had several references to the film.
  • Corner Gas — In one episode, Lacey talks about a book club with Karen, who says "I thought the first rule of book club is we don't talk about book club." Lacey says "No that's fight club." Karen responds by asking "How do you know about fight club?"
  • The Daily Show — In an episode featuring a discussion with Stephen Colbert and Jon Stewart about Internet bloggers sharing a job similar to that of reporters, Colbert criticizes them, saying "The first rule about journalism is, don't talk about journalism! Or maybe that was Fight Club." In another episode Juliet Eilperin, the author of the non-fiction book Fight Club Politics, is a guest. When she is trying to state the number one rule Jon Stewart interrupts saying "I thought the first rule was don't talk about fight club?"
  • ER — When Carter asks about her night out with Lewis and Chen, Abby Lockhart replies, "The first rule of girls' club is: you do not talk about girls' club."
  • Excel Saga — The DVD releases of the series came with small, paper bonus items (such as paper dolls). The first DVD came with an "official ACROSS membership card", complete with a list of rules for the organization. The first rule of Across is "You don't talk about ACROSS".
  • Fairly Oddparents - In the episode "Imaginary Gary", Timmy Turner recalls his childhood imaginary friend, Gary. Gary bears a resemblance to Tyler Durden (Brad Pitt). Throughout the episode, Gary becomes part of Timmy and acts completely opposite to him, similar to the way Tyler acted from the narrator.
  • Freaky — There is a sketch in one episode where a knight in gold is introducing a new red knight into knight club. "First rule of knight club is you do not talk about knight club. Second rule of Knight club is you do not talk about knight club!
  • Futurama — Professor Farnsworth, in the episode "Three Hundred Big Boys," leaves the Royal pajamas at the National Silk Surplus saying "Gotta go, fight club." Also, earlier in the episode Leela steals some rotten fish saying, "Paydirt". Quoted from Fight Club as the narrator and Tyler steal fat.
  • Good Eats — In the episodes "Let Them Eat Foam" and "Olive Me," Alton references Fight Club when discussing soap and lye, respectively.
  • Grey's Anatomy — In the episode "Who's Zoomin' Who", Dr. Yang says "Meredith, this is Fight Club. Nobody talks about it."
  • The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy — In the episode "Druid, Where's My Car?", in the scene where the wizard tells Grim to think about nature, he sees a cold snow area where a penguin walks up to him and says "slide".
  • Kim Possible — In the episode "Ill Suited", the chess club is brought up in a conversation, and Ron Stoppable says, "The first rule of chess club is: you do not talk about chess club."
  • MADtv — featured a sketch called "Fight Like a Girl Club."
  • Not Going Out - When Kate is asked what the first rule of Clown Club is, she replies, "We do not talk about Clown Club?"
  • Phil of the Future — In the episode "Good Phil Hunting", when Phil poses as an AV club member, Mr.Hackett asks "What is the first rule of AV club?" Phil replies "Do not talk about AV club!"
  • Spaced — In the episode "Mettle", Tim and Mike become part of the underground Robot Club. This also parodies Robot Wars. The setting looks similar, with the competitors in similar modes of dress. The referee also states that there are two rules of Robot Club, "You do not talk about Robot Club", and "You do not talk about Robot Club". He then says that this is an error, and says instead that Rule 2 is "no smoking".
  • Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger — One episode focuses on illegal fighting rings similar to Fight Club. The ringleader is named Tyler Seijin Durden.
  • Torchwood — "Combat" features a Fight Club started with an extraterrestrial twist - the fight between man and Weevil.
  • Typisk norsk, a Norwegian program, had a Fight Club spoof called the "Language Fights", which takes place in a dark cellar with rules such as "You don't talk about the Language Fights" and "If this is your first time here, you must fight". A huge brute attacks the show host, and he awakes with a startle.
  • Undergrads — In the episode "New Friends", Rocko decides to start a fight club, calling it "Brawl Group." But since he is the only member, he has to fight himself.
  • The Wrong Coast — A sketch parodying "First Wives Club" and "Fight Club" combines the two and turns it into a movie called "First Wives Fight Club".
  • Xiaolin Showdown — After winning the Shen Gong Wu, the Crystal Glasses, Raimundo uses them to pick a fight with Omi, telling him to hit him as hard as he can. He conceales them using a pair of wrap-around blueblocker sunglasses, and predicts his every move.

[edit] General references in film

  • Daredevil — In a deleted scene from the film, Matt Murdock walks into the cafe sporting a cut above his eye. When his friend Foggy Nelson questions the numerous injuries Matt mysteriously acquires, Matt dismisses it saying he was at a fight club and that he cannot talk about it. The scene is later restored in the director's cut version.
  • Grandma's Boy — When Jeff is asked why he's so sweaty he replies, "Oh I just started a fight club."
  • Out Cold — When explaining the snowboarding contest entitled "King of the Mountain," Luke (Zach Galifanakis) remarks that the first rule of King of the Mountain is that you do not talk about King of the Mountain.

[edit] General references in video games

  • Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel — There is a scene with the player in a desert town. When the player first walks into a building, there is a dead man on a table, and a message pops up saying, "His name was Robert Paulson."
  • Halo 2 — In this sequel to the original Xbox console game Halo (by Bungie Software), a particularly intense sequence of the game is titled "Fight Club".
  • Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos — In the first chapter of the Undead campaign after the player acquires a shade, in the main town there is a crowd of peasants gathered around two non-playable civilians named Tyler and Robert who are engaged in a fight.[61] Killing one makes the other run away.[62]
  • World of Warcraft — There is a one-handed mace weapon called "Fight Club".[63] In the War Quarter in Undercity, there is a 'fight club' with two non-playable Forsaken warriors named Edward and Tyler.[64] They battle an Abomination[65] and never-ending waves of summoned opponents.[citation needed] There are two other non-playable characters nearby named Marla Fowler and Chloe Curthas.[65] On the other side of the semi-circle is Robert Gossom, a parody of Robert Paulson.[citation needed]

[edit] General references in music

  • Bliss N Eso — The band has a song called "Creepy" which contains, in the chorus "By the time I get to the club man, I'll be hurtin. I get there, there's one guy, some dude named Tyler Durden".
  • Finch — The band has a song called "Project Mayhem" on their first major label release, What It Is to Burn. The song's lyrics can be seen as mirroring some of the events in Fight Club.
  • The name of the band Forgive Durden was inspired by Tyler Durden. Their song "No Ace, Just You" opens with a sound byte from the film.
  • Frontline — The song "Hold 'Em" contains the lyrics "Generations of Tyler Durdens/who identify his wordin'/as something pertinent to the/way they feel right now/a sense they’ve been roped in that/them debts is ownin them that house/they’ll never own that shit no..." which reflect Tyler's anti-consumerism ideas.
  • Rapper P.O.S.'s lyrics for "Half-Cocked Concepts" feature the lines "I'ma eat a gun/I look tired/It's probably the insomnia/I sleep like Tyler Durden" along with "Sticking feathers in your ass does not make you a chicken!"
  • Seether — The music video for "Remedy" was confirmed to be inspired by Fight Club.
  • Silverstein - In the song "Bleeds No More" there is a soundbyte from the film in which Marla says "You're the worst thing that's ever happened to me."
  • The Strokes — In the song "You Only Live Once", one of the lyrics is "20 ways to start a fight", a reference to a scene from Fight Club and the title of the extra features booklet of the DVD "how to start a fight".

[edit] Other general references

  • The Onion — The satirical newspaper ran an article parodying Fight Club titled "The First Rule Of The Quilting Society Is You Don't Talk About The Quilting Society".[66]
  • Part of the Altador Plot on Neopets featured a pet inviting you to Punch Club. Part of the text on this page reads the first rule of Punch Club is that you don't talk about Punch Club, but later turns out to be a community devoted to the drink, punch.
  • British stand-up Jimmy Carr describes on the commentary of Jimmy Carr Live how he came across a comedy t-shirt featuring the slogan 'the first rule of computer club is you don't talk about computer club' a parody of the fight club slogan.

[edit] References to the novel

Works that are inspired directly by the novel often contain quotes found in the novel and not the film, or reference author Chuck Palahniuk in some way.

  • Gothic II — Features a fight club, complete with rules, including "No one talks about what goes on behind the warehouse." Chuck Palahniuk is also listed among the game's credits.[citation needed]
  • Papa Roach — The song "Between Angels and Insects" includes the lines, "You're a slave to the system working jobs that you hate for that shit you don't need" and "the things you own end up owning you". These are taken from the novel since the movie had not yet been released at the time the song was written.

[edit] References to the film

[edit] References to the film in television

  • Home Movies — In the episode "Bad Influences," after the characters put on weight, they shoot a movie about a "fat club," which includes a subliminal image of Jason imitating Tyler and another of a "Hot Dog Man." Jason misquotes, "The first rule of Fat Club is you do not talk about the first rule of Fat Club." In the episode "Curses," there is another subliminal image near the end of the episode which depicts (in cartoon fashion) two dogs having sex.
  • NCIS — In season 2 episode "Red Cell", Anthony DiNozzo says "First rule of fight club, never talk about fight club. God, that's a great movie. Brad Pitt, Edward Norton, it's like the greatest guy movie...ever, I'm going to rent that for you."
  • In an episode of Shasta McNasty, Ran's new ("perfect") girlfriend has been having sex with him during the halftime of Basketball games on TV. Later on she brings a DVD of Fight Club over, and Ran asks "Is there a half-time in Fight Club?"
  • Ugly Betty — The episode "Secretaries' Day" contains a scene taking place in a stairwell remiscent of the climactic scene in the film. In this scene, Wilhelmina tells her assistant Marc, "I want you to hit me as hard as you can" which he does, causing her to fall down the stairs. At another point in the episode, Daniel mentions going on a date with a woman named Marla (a character in the novel).
  • Undeclared — In a spoof episode, the main character is asked by his friend to "Hit me as hard as you can" and proceeds to punch him in the ear before being attacked by the friend.

[edit] References to the film in film

  • Buena Vista Fight Club is a 2000 short film by Evan Mather that incorporates elements from Fight Club, Buena Vista Social Club, and Aimee Mann music videos.[70] With popular culture references as a basis,[71] it features cartoon figures fighting over images of a real furniture catalog.[72]
  • Fight Club - Members Only (2006) — A Bollywood film inspired by Fight Club directed by Vikram Chopra and starring Zayed Khan. As is traditional in Bollywood, it featured song and dance routines alongside the fight scenes. It had little connection to its English namesake, and was not well received.[73]
  • Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005) — When John Smith (played by Brad Pitt) and Jane Smith interrogate Benjamin Danz, Danz wears a Fight Club T-shirt.[76]
  • Old School (2003) — The main characters start a secret fraternity of which the existence they deny upon questioning. Luke Wilson's role as the untouchable “The Godfather” mimics the narrator and Tyler Durden of Fight Club. Director Todd Phillips stated in the DVD commentary that he was inspired by the film and that many fans of Fight Club have been able to pinpoint all the direct references.[77]

[edit] References to the film in music

  • Infected Mushroom — The track "Roll Us a Giant" from B.P. Empire EP (2001) used Chloe's words, "I am in a pretty lonely place." Also, in the music video for Becoming Insane (Vicious Delicious), a charecter dressed like Edward Norton during the scene with his boss hits himself in the face.
  • Killwhitneydead — The album Inhaling the Breath of a Bullet contains samples from various films, including Fight Club:[79] the song "Mikey and the Apartment of Misfit Porn" features a sound clip of Edward Norton saying, "If you could be either God's worst enemy or nothing, which would you choose? We're the middle children of history. We have no special purpose or place and unless we get God's attention, we have no hope of damnation or redemption. Which is worse: hell or nothing? Burn the museums, wipe your ass with the Mona Lisa. This way at least God will know your name."
  • Slagsmålsklubben — The Swedish band whose name translates to "the fight club"[80] was named after the film. Their song "Hit Me Hard" contains a sample from the film.
  • :wumpscut: — The song "Christfuck" from Wreath of Barbs (2001) plays a sampled Tyler Durden.
  • Velvet Acid Christ — The single "Pretty Toy" from Hex Angel (2003) contains samples of the lines "On a long enough timeline, the survival rate for everyone drops to zero" and "Oh God...I haven't been fucked like that since grade school."[83]

[edit] Other references to the film

  • Meat Loaf, who played Robert Paulson in the film, says that he hears the "His name is Robert Paulson" chant in public.[84]
  • There is a sports radio program in Greece on SuperSport FM called Fight Club. The opening theme song is a remix of Afric Simone's "Ramaya" with samples of Tyler Durden announcing the rules of fight club.[85]
  • After the release of Fight Club, the weekly radio program Pirate Radio in Nashville, Tennessee began paying homages to the film. From that point on, the program's intro music was the same music as Fight Club's opening credits'. Every program after Fight Club's release contained at least one reference to characters or dialogue from the film.
  • Through a glass productions created a parody trailer[86] for the film that spliced scenes together to make it look like a romantic comedy.[87]
  • Ctrl+Alt+Del — The online comic strip has many indirect, but obvious, references to the film. In one comic, Ethan is beaten up and sent to the hospital. A character who looks like Tyler explains to the doctor that he "fell down some stairs," which Ethan repeats, mimicking a scene in the film.[88] Another comic is inspired by the scene in which Tyler asks the narrator to hit him, leading to the narrator hitting Tyler with a wooden board, claiming payback for the movie The Mexican, which starred Brad Pitt.[89] Another comic uses the "power animal" concept to present Ethan's disgust with his roommate pet penguin.[90]
  • Broken Saints, an online Flash comic released on DVD, makes several references Fight Club throughout its series, as the film influenced creator Brooke Burgess' way of thinking.[91] Most prominently, the introduction animation to "Chapter 18: Forecast" consists of an animated version of the basement used to host fight club in the film, frames showing men gathered around two central fighters, and audio samples of Tyler Durden's speech on the "middle men of history". The segment ends with a bar of pink soap being placed into a metal trough, a scene that was used in commercials for the film during its initial release. For the official release, the use of a photograph of Brad Pitt from the film was changed to the likeness of a painting to avoid copyright issues.[92]
  • Tony Hawk's American Wasteland — a gang of anti-commercialists called Skate Club blow up buildings and torch billboards. A few of the members resemble Brad Pitt. The rules of Skate Club are similar to those of Fight Club.
  • The beginning of episode 5 of the podcast "The Totally Rad Show" is a parody/re-enactment of a scene from Fight Club.

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Justin Hopper. "The company of men", Salon.com, 2001-04-20, pp. 2. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. ""I see ['Fight Club'] as a cultural marker for the 1990s and this decade," says Kinch [Edinboro University literature professor] [...]" 
  2. ^ Andrew O'Hehir (2000-04-20). Gossip. Salon.com. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. “As exhausting and overwrought as I found "Fight Club" when I first saw it, it's proving to be one of those movies that cast a long shadow in retrospect.”
  3. ^ a b c Frankie Dintino (Fall 2005). "Fight Club and the Deleuzian Century". Dialogues@Rutgers University 4: 7. “It is well known that Fight Club, at the time this is written, is indeed one of the most popular films among college-age males. What does this say about popular culture [...] The film Fight Club has offered up an uncharacteristically wide array of divergent interpretations for a film of its popularity and budget.”  Alternate PDF
  4. ^ "Moviegoers find something to like about 'Fight Club'" (fee required), The Detroit News, 1999-10-26. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. ""It was too violent, and it was stupid," says Haynes. [...] Wally Boozer... says that, though he could see the point the film was trying to make, he agrees that the amount of violence was unjustified." 
  5. ^ "Pop degrees; Academia adds study of culture" (fee required), The Washington Times, 2002-05-09. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. 
  6. ^ Sarah E. Worth (2002-09-27). "The Paradox of Real Response to Neo-Fiction", in William Irwin: The Matrix and Philosophy: Welcome to the Desert of the Real (Google Book Search), 178-179. ISBN 9780812695014. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. 
  7. ^ a b Wesley Morris. "School of hard knocks", San Francisco Chronicle, 1999-10-15. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "This is simply what three decades of mixed popular-culture messages will insidiously do to a man." 
  8. ^ Bruce LaBruce. "Failing the best test", Eye Weekly, 2000-01-20. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "[...] movies like Fight Club and The Matrix are critiquing the very fabric of our conformist culture [...]" 
  9. ^ David Rooney. "Fight Club", Variety, 1999-09-13. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. "...a steady stream of humor, razor-sharp dialogue, droll popular culture references and wry comments on consumerism, corporate culture and capitalism." 
  10. ^ Nate Brown. "Book Review: Bachelder produces biting pop culture satire", University Wire, 2002-10-31. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "Criticizing pop culture can be a tricky thing. When it's well done, it can be exciting and vastly entertaining (think: Chuck Palahniuk's "Fight Club")." 
  11. ^ Avi Mowshowitz. "Directions for Making The Next Great Movie", Columbia Daily Spectator, 2001-05-09. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "[...] it is mandatory to go to random people on the street and say things like: "Hey, Fight Club is the best fucking movie ever! [...]"" 
  12. ^ Laura Alix. "'Fight Club' highlights the angry young male" (fee required), University Wire, 2006-11-06. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "[...] but "Fight Club" also mirrors another idea that I'm really not too keen on, one that's become very prevalent in pop culture and our society today -- the angry, middle-class white male." 
  13. ^ Waller R. Newell. Books and Reviews - What is a Man?. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. “Modern representations of manhood as diverse as Chuck Palahniuk’s Fight Club [...] are cited as proving his point.”
  14. ^ Christine Stansell. "Action Figures; Two new studies wrestle with the plight of modern man" (fee required), The Washington Post, 2003-11-02. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "There are no actual men or boys in the Book, only exemplars negative (Eminem) and positive (JFK), trend-followers (hip-hop is ubiquitous and iniquitous), video-game junkies and "Fight Club" fans." 
  15. ^ Rich Lowry. "Why I Won't Fight Al Franken", National Review, 2000-08-22. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "But The Fight Club — just like the popular gross-out movies Cohen cites as evidence of the triumph of men in our popular culture — really portrays a perversion of masculinity." 
  16. ^ Tara Brabazon (2003-05-05). "My Other Car Is a Broom: Moving Women Beyond the Happiness Patrol", Ladies Who Lunge: Celebrating Difficult Women (Google Book Search), 1. ISBN 9780868404219. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. “Feminism needs a popular cultural equivalent of the movie Fight Club.” 
  17. ^ Mal Vincent. ""Club" Boasts Strong Performances" (fee required), The Virginian-Pilot, 1999-10-15. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "Tyler Durden is likely to become a cult figure in pop culture." 
  18. ^ Christopher Cobb. "Author Palahniuk breaks the first rule, to talk about new novel ‘Lullaby’ at Ackerman", Daily Bruin, 2002-10-25. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "When the name Chuck Palahniuk is mentioned, the first thing that may come to mind is Tyler Durden, Project Mayhem and soap." 
  19. ^ Roger Ebert. "Fight Club review", Chicago Sun-Times, 1999-10-15. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "...a lot more people will leave this movie and get in fights than will leave it discussing Tyler Durden's moral philosophy." 
  20. ^ Will Albritton. "Philosophy drives 'Fight Club'", The Oracle, 2003-04-10. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "The irony is that today, Fight Club is discussed in college philosophy classes." 
  21. ^ Jethro Rothe-Kushel. "Fight Club : A Ritual Cure For The Spiritual Ailment Of American Masculinity". The Film Journal (8). “Tyler Durden is such an action hero-fatherless as Jack is his only creator, and a model of the ultimate American idol, popular icon and movie star Brad Pitt himself.” 
  22. ^ Steve Vineberg. "Preposterous Plots Plague the Cineplex" (preview), The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "Fight Club is mostly remembered for its 11th-hour plot twist... Fight Club's twist contradicts key prior elements of its story line." 
  23. ^ Joe Queenan (1999-11-07). The school of hard knocks. Guardian Unlimited. Retrieved on 2007-04-16. “It is notable that the most vociferous criticism of the film has come from women like Rosie O'Donnell...”
  24. ^ Stewart McAlpine (2000-01-10). 1999 reveals things to come in future of filmmaking. The Red and Black. Retrieved on 2007-04-16. “Rosie O' Donnell told her viewers that this was the worst movie she had ever seen and urged them not to see it. She just didn't realize what the movie what was all about. Actually, now that I think about it, I don't really know either. But what I do know is that people will be talking about it...”
  25. ^ Sean P. Means (2000-07-23). Please Do Not Divulge the Ending of This Column. The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved on 2007-04-16. “Rosie O'Donnell hated "Fight Club," so she told her many viewers the secret behind Brad Pitt's character.”
  26. ^ Scott Bowles. "Tarantino goes for the 'Kill'", USA Today, 2003-10-05. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "[Timothy Shary, film studies assistant professor at Clark University] cites Fight Club, Snatch and The Italian Job as Tarantino-esque films that are "profane yet profound" with a "postmodern joy for pop culture."" 
  27. ^ Kevin H. Martin. "A World of Hurt", Cinefex, January 2000. Retrieved on 2007-03-23. 
  28. ^ Jeff Strickler. "`Fight Club' pulls no punches." (fee required), Star Tribune, 1999-10-15. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "...another element that comes up short is Fincher's repeated insider references to film, including a scene in which Tyler points out the reel-change blip in the corner of the screen and another in which he makes a joke about a flash-back scene shown earlier." 
  29. ^ Sam Rhodes. "Not all celebrity packages are created equal" (fee required), Bucks County Courier Times, 2005-02-17. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "...the highlights of this package were a beanbag camel - my "power camel" as he put it (another "Fight Club" reference)..." 
  30. ^ "The whole town is talking...", The Irish Times, 2004-11-20. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "When author Chuck Palahniuk published the original novel, such name checking wasn't really an issue." 
  31. ^ a b c Bruce Rosenstein. "Illegal, violent teen fight clubs face police crackdown", USA Today, 2006-08-01. Retrieved on 2007-04-28. 
  32. ^ Cate Marquis. "Violence, Cinema, and American Culture: What more could you want", The Current, 2001-04-02. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. 
  33. ^ C.T. Rossi. "Father absence key to male masculinity crisis", Insight on the News, 2002-06-10. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "While Helder has not acknowledged drawing any inspiration from the 1999 movie of that name, circumstantial evidence points in that direction." 
  34. ^ Sarah Maslin Nir. "Everybody go pillow fighting", Times Online, 2006-12-19. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "Pillow Fight Club... takes its cues from the movie Fight Club’s famous line, “The first rule of Fight Club: You do not talk about Fight Club”. The first rule of Pillow Fight Club? Tell everyone." 
  35. ^ Lester Haines (2004-12-20). Dissolute youth plan mass pillow fight. The Register. Retrieved on 2007-06-23.
  36. ^ "Pillow Fight Club fisticuffs without the fists players 1,000", The Guardian, 2006-08-08. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "Rather like the movie that inspired it, Pillow Fight Club is seen by some as a force for good and a safe vehicle for unleashing pent-up anger." 
  37. ^ Gary Younge. "'It's like Fight Club'", Guardian Unlimited, 2003-08-01. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  38. ^ Michael Sragow (1999-10-14). Testosterama 1, 2. Salon.com. Retrieved on 2007-06-23.
  39. ^ a b c d e Associated Press. "Fight club draws techies for bloody underground beatdowns", USA Today, 2006-05-29. Retrieved on 2007-04-28. 
  40. ^ Sarah Tomlinson (1999-10-13). Is it fistfighting, or just multi-tasking?. Salon.com. Retrieved on 2007-06-23.
  41. ^ Mike Nichols. "Thiensville case had nothing to do with 'Fight Club'", Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, 1999-11-22. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. 
  42. ^ a b John Gibson. "Silicon Valley 'Techies' Make Real-Life Fight Club" (transcribed interview), FOX News, 2006-06-15. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  43. ^ a b "At Princeton, no punches pulled" (fee required), The Philadelphia Inquirer (Associated Press), 2001-06-06, pp. B14. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  44. ^ a b Nate Rawlings. "A 'Fight Club' you can talk about", The Daily Princetonian, 2000-11-17. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  45. ^ Steve Bruce. "Boxing: Women the latest to be tempted by the fight club that mixes brains and brawn" (fee required), The Independent, 2004-11-25. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  46. ^ Marcel Berlins. "A great lord chancellor we never had, an intriguing encounter, and the judges spoiling for a fight", Guardian Unlimited, 2003-09-23. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  47. ^ "Indio Boy, 16, Dies in `Fight Club'", Los Angeles Times, 2006-10-03. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  48. ^ Damien. "Fly fight club", New Scientist, 2006-11-20. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  49. ^ Ian Sample. "Flies reveal gene that makes girls fight like boys", Guardian Unlimited, 2006-11-20. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 
  50. ^ Fighting Like a Girl or Boy Determined By Gene in Fruit Flies. Harvard Medical School (2006-11-19). Retrieved on 2007-06-20.
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  53. ^ Kenneth Silber (2000-05-08). Doppelgangers Wreak Havoc in X-Files 'Fight Club'. Space News. Retrieved on 2007-05-21.
  54. ^ Craig D. Lindsey. "This 'Scoundrels' just rotten" (fee required), The News & Observer, 2006-09-26. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "...with bits and pieces of "Anger Management" and "Fight Club" thrown in." 
  55. ^ Craig Outhier. "Wimps rule at unusual school", The Orange County Register, 2006-09-20. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. "...he's simply taken the hazing jokes and turned them into a "Fight Club"-style extension class." 
  56. ^ "'Scoundrels' is good for a laugh" (fee required), The Buffalo News, 2006-10-04. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. "..."losers" to tackle a number of tasks, including a game of paintball, and starting a confrontation with a stranger (a reference to "Fight Club")." 
  57. ^ "Flunked film class" (fee required), New York Post, 2006-09-29. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. "Plus the scene is stolen from "Fight Club," which was much meaner, fresher and faster." 
  58. ^ "Slow learner; 'Scoundrels': good concept, poor execution", The Buffalo News, 2006-09-26. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. ""Fight Club"-style beatings of people they meet on the street." 
  59. ^ Fable FAQ. The Official Fable Fansite at IGN (2004-09-13). Retrieved on 2007-06-20. “It is said that many male inhabitants of Albion spend their evenings and nights competing in a fight club, although little is known about this.”
  60. ^ Ben Barker. Fable - Fist Fighting Tips. Xbox. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. “Then, of course, there's the one thing you should never talk about: Fight Club!” See also Fable: The Lost Chapters - Fist Fighting Tips.
  61. ^ Greg Kasavin (2002-07-03). Hints & Cheats for Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos (PC). CNET. Retrieved on 2007-06-21.
  62. ^ Warbringer87 (2002-08-27). Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos (PC) Easter Egg/Secret Guide. GameFAQs. Retrieved on 2007-06-21.
  63. ^ World of Warcraft: Fight Club. Thottbot. Retrieved on 2007-04-10.
  64. ^ World of Warcraft Secrets. G4 (2005-05-17). Retrieved on 2007-04-10. “Further into the Undercity, in the War Quarter, there’s an honest to God Fight Club where you’ll find two NPC fighters named Edward and Tyler.”
  65. ^ a b World of Warcraft Easter Eggs. Blizzplanet (2005-05-12). Retrieved on 2007-04-10.
  66. ^ Verdon, Helen. "The First Rule Of The Quilting Society Is You Don't Talk About The Quilting Society". The Onion. June 7, 2000.
  67. ^ "'The OC' resumes with tweaks that seem like creaks" (fee required), The Sunday Oregonian, 2006-10-29. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. "If the first rule of Fight Club is you do not talk about Fight Club, the second is that Fight Club should never show up as a plot device on "The OC" [...]" 
  68. ^ Kristin Veitch (2006-10-31). Welcome Back to The O.C., B*tch!. E! Online. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. “Ryan is pulling an Ed Norton in Fight Club this season.”
  69. ^ "TV Guide Feb-19-07 Issue" (fee required) (2007-02-19). TV Guide. “[...] but Sandy Cohen rocks the first rule of fight club is you copy “fight club” [...]” 
  70. ^ Matthew Clayfield (2005). Digital Histoire(s): The Cyber-cinema of Evan Mather. Senses of Cinema. Retrieved on 2007-06-23.
  71. ^ Jesse Walker (March 2000). "Copy Catfight". Reason. “Mather has made several other pictures, each of them built, in different ways, on pop culture allusions; his latest is titled Buena Vista Fight Club.” 
  72. ^ "Buena Vista Fight Club", The New Venue, 2000-07-17. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. 
  73. ^ Jaspreet Pandohar. "Fight Club - Members Only review", bbc.co.uk, 2006-02-12. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. 
  74. ^ David Lee. "Josie and the Pussycats", Democrat and Chronicle, 2000-04-11. Retrieved on 2007-06-23. 
  75. ^ Jamie Graham (September 2001). "Josie And The Pussycats - Film Review". Total Film (56). “[...] a film that some have half-jokingly called a “teenage Fight Club” because of its anti-consumerist stance.” 
  76. ^ Whitney Matheson. "Have more 'Lost' clues hit the Web? Also: Jen Garner's stomach", USA Today, 2005-06-06. Retrieved on 2007-05-12. 
  77. ^ Todd Phillips. (2003). Old School (commentary) [DVD]. DreamWorks.
  78. ^ "Gnarls Barkley enter a tiny world in follow-up to their massive hit" (fee required), Music Week, 2006-10-28. Retrieved on 2007-05-21. "...action (in a parody of a similar sequence in David Fincher's movie Fight Club) and scenes of domestic bliss with Miss blonde, before he himself expires." 
  79. ^ Mike S (2002-08-27). Reviews : Albums : Killwhitneydead, "Inhaling the Breath of a Bullet". Deadtide. Retrieved on 2007-06-21.
  80. ^ Linda Hjertén and Claes Petersson (2006-10-04). Här möts de för att slåss (Swedish). Aftonbladet.
  81. ^ Taking Back Sunday Biography. Orlando Florida Guide. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. “The video is a great testament to their love for the movie and an accurate reflection of the lyrical content of the album as well.”
  82. ^ Kirk Miller. "Taking Back Sunday Win Friends", Rolling Stone, 2003-02-25. Retrieved on 2007-06-21. "...a video for the single "Cute Without the E (Cut From the Team)." But the Fight Club-inspired vignette..." 
  83. ^ Rick Sanchez (2003-09-23). Hex Angel Review. IGN. Retrieved on 2007-04-10.
  84. ^ Daniel Robert Epstein (2007-01-25). Meat Loaf. SuicideGirls. Retrieved on 2007-06-23.
  85. ^ SuperSport FM 94.6 - ?????aµµa Sta?µ?? (Greek). SuperSport FM. Retrieved on 2007-06-20.
  86. ^ Additional Extras: Fight Club (now a romantic comedy thanks to this recut trailer). Through a glass productions (2006-02-03). Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
  87. ^ Doctorow, Cory. "Fight Club trailer as a romantic comedy". Boing Boing. February 6, 2006.
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  89. ^ Tim Buckley (2002-12-12). Crap of the World. Ctrl+Alt+Del. Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
  90. ^ Tim Buckley (2003-08-02). Power Animal. Ctrl+Alt+Del. Retrieved on 2007-04-09.
  91. ^ Frankie Dees (2006-08-14). DVD Review: Broken Saints. Monsters and Critics. Retrieved on 2007-06-23.
  92. ^ Todd Gilchrist (2006-08-04). Broken Saints: The Animated Comic Epic 1, 2. IGN. Retrieved on 2007-06-23.
  93. ^ Chris Bellamy. "Presenting the First Ever Doobie Awards", The Daily Utah Chronicle, 2003-01-08. Retrieved on 2007-06-20. 

[edit] See also

Popular culture Fight Club