Pentostatin

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Pentostatin
Systematic (IUPAC) name
8-[4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]- 4,6,8,10- tetrazabicyclo[5.3.0] deca-4,9,11-trien-2-ol
Identifiers
CAS number	53910-25-1
ATC code	L01XX08
PubChem	40926
DrugBank	APRD00202
Chemical data
Formula	C11H16N4O4
Mol. mass	268.269 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	n/a
Protein binding	4%
Metabolism	Hepatic, minor
Half life	2.6 to 16 hours, mean 5.7 hours
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	℞-only(US)
Routes	Intravenous

Pentostatin (Deoxycoformycin) is an anticancer chemotherapeutic drug. It is classified as a purine antimetabolite. It mimics the nucleoside adenosine and thus inhibits the enzyme adenosine deaminase, interfering with the cell's ability to process DNA. Cancer cells generally divide more often than healthy cells; DNA is highly involved in cell division (mitosis) and drugs which target DNA-related processes are therefore more toxic to cancer cells than healthy cells.

Pentostatin is commonly used to treat hairy cell leukemia. It is given by intravenous infusion once every two weeks for three to six months.

Though pentostatin is a purine antimetabolite, it may also be classified as a natural product anticancer chemotherapeutic, as it was originally isolated from the species of bacteria Streptomyces antibioticus.

v • d • e Chemotherapeutic agents/Antineoplastic agents (L01) Alkylating and alkylating-like agents Nitrogen mustards: (Chlorambucil, Chlormethine, Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide, Melphalan, Bendamustine, Uramustine) Nitrosoureas:(Carmustine, Fotemustine, Lomustine, Streptozocin) Platinum (alkylating-like): (Carboplatin, Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin, Triplatin tetranitrate, Satraplatin) Alkyl sulfonates:(Busulfan, Treosulfan) Hydrazines:(Procarbazine, Dacarbazine, Temozolomide) Aziridines:(ThioTEPA) Antimetabolites Folic acid: (Aminopterin, Methotrexate, Pemetrexed, Raltitrexed). Purine:(Cladribine, Clofarabine, Fludarabine, Mercaptopurine, Pentostatin, Thioguanine) Pyrimidine:(Capecitabine, Cytarabine, Decitabine, Fluorouracil, Floxuridine, Gemcitabine) Spindle poison/mitotic inhibitor Taxane: (Docetaxel, Larotaxel, Paclitaxel). Vinca: (Vinblastine, Vincristine, Vindesine, Vinorelbine). Cytotoxic/antitumor antibiotics Anthracycline family: (Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin, Epirubicin, Idarubicin, Mitoxantrone, Pixantrone, Valrubicin) streptomyces (Actinomycin, Bleomycin, Mitomycin, Plicamycin) - Hydroxyurea Topoisomerase inhibitors Camptotheca: (Camptothecin, Topotecan, Irinotecan, Rubitecan), Podophyllum:(Etoposide, Teniposide) CI monoclonal antibodies Receptor tyrosine kinase (Cetuximab, Panitumumab, Trastuzumab) - CD20 (Rituximab, Tositumomab) - other (Alemtuzumab, Bevacizumab, Gemtuzumab) Photosensitizers Aminolevulinic acid, Methyl aminolevulinate, Porfimer sodium, Verteporfin Tyrosine kinase inhibitors Axitinib, Bosutinib, Cediranib, Dasatinib, Erlotinib, Gefitinib, Imatinib, Lapatinib, Lestaurtinib, Nilotinib, Semaxanib, Sorafenib, Sunitinib, Vandetanib Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Seliciclib Other retinoids (Alitretinoin, Tretinoin), Fusion protein (Aflibercept) - Altretamine, Amsacrine, Anagrelide, Arsenic trioxide, Asparaginase (Pegaspargase), Bexarotene, Bortezomib, Celecoxib, Denileukin diftitox, Elesclomol, Estramustine, Irofulven, Ixabepilone, Masoprocol, Mitotane, Oblimersen, Testolactone, Tipifarnib, Trabectedin

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