Penn State Nittany Lions football

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2008 Penn State Nittany Lions football team
Penn State Nittany Lions football
First season 1887
Staff
Athletic director Tim Curley
Head coach Joe Paterno
42nd year, 373–124–3
Stadium
Home stadium Beaver Stadium
Stadium capacity 107,282
Stadium surface Grass
Location University Park, Pennsylvania
League/Conference
Conference Big Ten
Team records
All-time record 790–346–42 (.688)
Postseason bowl record 27–11–2
Awards
National titles 2
Conference titles 2
Heisman winners 1
All-Americans 107
Pageantry
Colors Blue and White            
Fight song Fight On, State
Mascot Nittany Lion
Marching band Penn State Blue Band
Rivals Michigan Wolverines
Ohio State Buckeyes
Michigan State Spartans
Minnesota Golden Gophers
Website GoPSUSports.com

Penn State Nittany Lions football is a college football program that competes in NCAA Division I-A and the Big Ten Conference. It is one of the most tradition-rich and storied college football programs in the nation.[1][2][3]

Contents

[edit] Current coaching staff

Position Name Year Alma mater
Head coach Joe Paterno[4] 1966 Brown (1950)
Offensive coordinator/Running backs Galen Hall[5] 2004 Penn State
Defensive coordinator/Cornerbacks Tom Bradley[6] 1979 Penn State (1979)
Safeties Kermit Buggs[7] 2003 Norfolk State (1995)
Defensive line Larry Johnson[8] 1999 Elizabeth City State (1973)
Linebackers Ron Vanderlinden[9] 2000 Albion College
Offensive guards/centers Dick Anderson[10] 1999 Penn State (1963)
Offensive tackles/tight ends Bill Kenney[11] 1989 Norwich (1982)
Quarterbacks Jay Paterno[12] 1999 Penn State (1990)
Strength and conditioning John Thomas 1991 Muskingum
Wide receivers/Recruiting Coordinator Mike McQueary[13] 2003 Penn State (1997)

[edit] Notable seasons

The suite boxes on the east side of Beaver Stadium, with the highlighted years (undefeated and championship seasons) added in 2006
The suite boxes on the east side of Beaver Stadium, with the highlighted years (undefeated and championship seasons) added in 2006

[edit] National championships

Penn State has won two consensus national championships, both under Joe Paterno's tenure as coach:

19821986

[edit] Conference championships

Since joining the Big Ten Conference in 1993, Penn State has won two Big Ten championships:

19942005

[edit] Perfect seasons

Penn State has had seven undefeated, untied seasons in its history:

1887191219681969197319861994

[edit] Season-by-season records

Year Coach Overall Conference Standing Bowl Coaches# AP°
No coach (1887 – 1891)
1887 None 2–0–0
1888 None 0–2–1
1889 None 2–2–0
1890 None 2–2–0
1891 None 6–2–0
Uncoached era: 12–8–1
George Hoskins (1892 – 1895)
1892 George Hoskins 5–1–0
1893 George Hoskins 4–1–0
1894 George Hoskins 6–0–1
1895 George Hoskins 2–2–3
George Hoskins: 17–4–4
Samuel Newton (1896 – 1898)
1896 Samuel Newton 3–4–0
1897 Samuel Newton 3–6–0
1898 Samuel Newton 6–4–0
Samuel Newton: 12–14–0
Sam Boyle (1899 – 1899)
1899 Sam Boyle 4–6–1
Sam Boyle: 4–6–1
Pop Golden (1900 – 1902)
1900 Pop Golden 4–6–1
1901 Pop Golden 5–3–0
1902 Pop Golden 7–3–0
Pop Golden: 16–12–1
Dan Reed (1903 – 1903)
1903 Dan Reed 5–3–0
Dan Reed: 5–3–0
Tom Fennell (1904 – 1908)
1904 Tom Fennell 6–4–0
1905 Tom Fennell 8–3–0
1906 Tom Fennell 8–1–1
1907 Tom Fennell 6–4–0
1908 Tom Fennell 5–5–0
Tom Fennell: 33–17–1
Jack Hollenback (1910 – 1910)
1910 Jack Hollenback 5–2–1
Jack Hollenback: 5–2–1
Bill Hollenback (1909, 1911 – 1914)
1909 Bill Hollenback 5–0–2
1911 Bill Hollenback 8–0–1
1912 Bill Hollenback 8–0–0
1913 Bill Hollenback 2–6–0
1914 Bill Hollenback 5–3–1
Bill Hollenback: 28–9–4
Dick Harlow (1915 – 1917)
1915 Dick Harlow 7–2–0
1916 Dick Harlow 8–2–0
1917 Dick Harlow 5–4–0
Dick Harlow: 20–8–0
Hugo Bezdek (1918 – 1929)
1918 Hugo Bezdek 1–2–1
1919 Hugo Bezdek 7–1–0
1920 Hugo Bezdek 7–0–2
1921 Hugo Bezdek 8–0–2
1922 Hugo Bezdek 6–4–1 L 3–14 Rose
1923 Hugo Bezdek 6–2–1
1924 Hugo Bezdek 6–3–1
1925 Hugo Bezdek 4–4–1
1926 Hugo Bezdek 5–4–0
1927 Hugo Bezdek 6–2–1
1928 Hugo Bezdek 3–5–1
1929 Hugo Bezdek 6–3–0
Hugo Bezdek: 65–30–11
Bob Higgins (1930 – 1948)
1930 Bob Higgins 3–4–2
1931 Bob Higgins 2–8–0
1932 Bob Higgins 2–5–0
1933 Bob Higgins 3–3–1
1934 Bob Higgins 4–4–0
1935 Bob Higgins 4–4–0
1936 Bob Higgins 3–5–0
1937 Bob Higgins 5–3–0
1938 Bob Higgins 3–4–1
1939 Bob Higgins 5–1–2
1940 Bob Higgins 6–1–1
1941 Bob Higgins 7–2–0
1942 Bob Higgins 6–1–1 19
1943 Bob Higgins 5–3–1
1944 Bob Higgins 6–3–0
1945 Bob Higgins 5–3–0
1946 Bob Higgins 6–2–0
1947 Bob Higgins 9–0–1 T 13–13 Cotton 4
1948 Bob Higgins 7–1–1 18
Bob Higgins: 91–57–11
Joe Bedenk (1949 – 1949)
1949 Joe Bedenk 5–4–0
Joe Bedenk: 5–4–0
Rip Engle (1950 – 1965)
1950 Rip Engle 5–3–1
1951 Rip Engle 5–4–0
1952 Rip Engle 7–2–1
1953 Rip Engle 6–3–0
1954 Rip Engle 7–2–0 16 20
1955 Rip Engle 5–4–0
1956 Rip Engle 6–2–1
1957 Rip Engle 6–3–0
1958 Rip Engle 6–3–1
1959 Rip Engle 9–2–0 W 7–0 Liberty 10 12
1960 Rip Engle 7–3–0 W 41–12 Liberty 16
1961 Rip Engle 8–3–0 W 30–15 Gator 19 17
1962 Rip Engle 9–2–0 L 7–17 Gator 9 9
1963 Rip Engle 7–3–0 16
1964 Rip Engle 6–4–0 14
1965 Rip Engle 5–5–0
Rip Engle: 104–48–4
Joe Paterno (1966 – Present)
1966 Joe Paterno 5–5–0
1967 Joe Paterno 8–2–1 T 17–17 Gator 11 10
1968 Joe Paterno 11–0–0 W 15–14 Orange 3 2
1969 Joe Paterno 11–0–0 W 10–3 Orange 2 2
1970 Joe Paterno 7–3–0 19 18
1971 Joe Paterno 11–1–0 W 30–6 Cotton 11 5
1972 Joe Paterno 11–1–0 W (forfeit) 0–14 Sugar 8 10
1973 Joe Paterno 12–0–0 W 16–9 Orange 5 5
1974 Joe Paterno 10–2–0 W 41–20 Cotton 7 7
1975 Joe Paterno 9–3–0 L 6–13 Sugar 10 10
1976 Joe Paterno 7–5–0 L 9–20 Gator
1977 Joe Paterno 11–1–0 W 42–30 Fiesta 4 5
1978 Joe Paterno 11–1–0 L 7–14 Sugar 4 4
1979 Joe Paterno 8–4–0 W 9–6 Liberty 18 20
1980 Joe Paterno 10–2–0 W 31–19 Fiesta 8 8
1981 Joe Paterno 10–2–0 W 26–10 Fiesta 3 3
1982 Joe Paterno 11–1–0 W 27–23 Sugar 1 1
1983 Joe Paterno 8–4–1 W 13–10 Aloha 17
1984 Joe Paterno 6–5–0
1985 Joe Paterno 11–1–0 L 10–25 Orange 3 3
1986 Joe Paterno 12–0–0 W 14–10 Fiesta 1 1
1987 Joe Paterno 8–4–0 L 10–35 Citrus
1988 Joe Paterno 5–6–0
1989 Joe Paterno 8–3–1 W 50–39 Holiday 14 15
1990 Joe Paterno 9–3–0 L 17–24 Blockbuster 10 11
1991 Joe Paterno 11–2–0 W 42–17 Fiesta 3 3
1992 Joe Paterno 7–5–0 L 3–24 Blockbuster 24
1993 Joe Paterno 10–2–0 6–2–0 3rd W 31–13 Citrus 7 8
1994 Joe Paterno 12–0–0 8–0–0 1st W 38–20 Rose 2 2
1995 Joe Paterno 9–3–0 5–3–0 T–3rd W 43–14 Outback 12 13
1996 Joe Paterno 11–2 6–2 T–3rd W 38–15 Fiesta 7 7
1997 Joe Paterno 9–3 6–2 T–2nd L 6–21 Citrus 17 16
1998 Joe Paterno 9–3 5–3 5th W 26–14 Outback 15 17
1999 Joe Paterno 10–3 5–3 T–4th W 24–0 Alamo 11 11
2000 Joe Paterno 5–7 4–4 T–6th
2001 Joe Paterno 5–6 4–4 T–4th
2002 Joe Paterno 9–4 5–3 4th L 9–13 Capital One 15 16
2003 Joe Paterno 3–9 1–7 T–9th
2004 Joe Paterno 4–7 2–6 9th
2005 Joe Paterno 11–1 7–1 T–1st W 26–23 Orange 3 3
2006 Joe Paterno 9–4 5–3 T–4th W 20–10 Outback 25 24
2007 Joe Paterno 9–4 4–4 T–5th W 24-17 Alamo 25
Joe Paterno: 373–124–3 73–47–0
Total: 790–346–42
      National Championship         Conference Title         Conference Division Title
Indicates BCS bowl game. #Rankings from final Coaches Poll of the season.
°Rankings from final AP Poll of the season.

Note: The AP poll has existed since 1936. The coaches poll, voted on by college head coaches, was published by United Press International from 1950-90, CNN/USA Today from 1991-96, ESPN/USA Today from 1997-2005, and USA Today/Gallup from 2006-present.

[edit] Conference affiliations

[edit] Coaching history

Coach Years Seasons Record Pct. Cnf. Record Pct. Cnf. Titles Bowls Nat. Titles
No coach 1887-91 5 12-8-1 .595 0
George Hoskins 1892-95 4 17-4-4 .760 0
Samuel Newton 1896-98 3 12-14-0 .462 0
Sam Boyle 1899 1 4-6-1 .409 0
Pop Golden 1900-02 3 16-12-1 .569 0
Daniel A. Reed 1903 1 5-3-0 .625 0
Tom Fennell 1904-08 5 33-17-1 .567 0
Bill Hollenback 1909, 1911-14 5 28-9-4 .732 0
Jack Hollenback 1910 1 5-2-1 .688 0
Dick Harlow 1915-17 3 20-8-0 .714 0
Hugo Bezdek 1918-29 12 65-30-11 .665 1 0
Bob Higgins 1930-48 19 91-57-11 .607 1 0
Joe Bedenk 1949 1 5-4-0 .556 0
Rip Engle 1950-65 16 104-48-4 .679 4 0
Joe Paterno 1966-present 42 373-124-3 .749 73-47 .608 2 34 2
Totals 1887-present 122 790-346-42 .688 73-47 .608 2 40 2

[edit] Bowl history

Penn State has earned invitations to 40 bowl games. The Nittany Lions have compiled a record of 27-11-2 (0.700), the highest winning percentage of any Division I FBS team, including a 15-4-1 (0.775) record in the so-called "major" bowls (Rose, Orange, Sugar, Fiesta, & Cotton).[1]

Current coach Joe Paterno is responsible for most of these bids and victories, compiling more wins (24) and appearances (34) than any other coach in college football history en route to his bowl record of 24-9-1 (0.721). Paterno also has a record of 15-3-0 (0.833) in "major" bowls and is the only coach to have won all five major college bowls during his career.

[edit] Bowl appearances by year

Year* Coach Bowl Game
1923 Hugo Bezdek Lost Rose Bowl
1948 Bob Higgins Tied Cotton Bowl
1959 Rip Engle Won Liberty Bowl
1960 Rip Engle Won Liberty Bowl
1961 Rip Engle Won Gator Bowl
1962 Rip Engle Lost Gator Bowl
1967 Joe Paterno Tied Gator Bowl
1969 Joe Paterno Won Orange Bowl
1970 Joe Paterno Won Orange Bowl
1972 Joe Paterno Won Cotton Bowl
1972 Joe Paterno Won (by forfeit) Sugar Bowl
1974 Joe Paterno Won Orange Bowl
1975 Joe Paterno Won Cotton Bowl
1976 Joe Paterno Lost Sugar Bowl
1976 Joe Paterno Lost Gator Bowl
1977 Joe Paterno Won Fiesta Bowl
1979 Joe Paterno Lost Sugar Bowl
1979 Joe Paterno Won Liberty Bowl
1980 Joe Paterno Won Fiesta Bowl
1982 Joe Paterno Won Fiesta Bowl
Year* Coach Bowl Game
1983 Joe Paterno Won Sugar Bowl
1983 Joe Paterno Won Aloha Bowl
1986 Joe Paterno Lost Orange Bowl
1987 Joe Paterno Won Fiesta Bowl
1988 Joe Paterno Lost Citrus Bowl
1989 Joe Paterno Won Holiday Bowl
1990 Joe Paterno Lost Blockbuster Bowl
1992 Joe Paterno Won Fiesta Bowl
1993 Joe Paterno Lost Blockbuster Bowl
1994 Joe Paterno Won Citrus Bowl
1995 Joe Paterno Won Rose Bowl
1996 Joe Paterno Won Outback Bowl
1997 Joe Paterno Won Fiesta Bowl
1998 Joe Paterno Lost Citrus Bowl
1999 Joe Paterno Won Outback Bowl
1999 Joe Paterno Won Alamo Bowl
2003 Joe Paterno Lost Capital One Bowl
2006 Joe Paterno Won Orange Bowl
2007 Joe Paterno Won Outback Bowl
2007 Joe Paterno Won Alamo Bowl

* Year corresponds to the calendar year in which the game was played, not necessarily the football season (i.e.: the 2007 Outback Bowl was played during the 2006 season).

[edit] Bowl appearances by game

Bowl # Appearances Record
Alamo Bowl 2 1999, 2007 2-0
Aloha Bowl 1 1983 1-0
Blockbuster Bowl 2 1990, 1993 0-2
Citrus Bowl/Capital One Bowl 4 1988, 1994, 1998, 2003 1-3
Cotton Bowl 3 1948, 1972, 1975 2-0-1
Fiesta Bowl 6 1977, 1980, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997 6-0
Gator Bowl 4 1961, 1962, 1967, 1976 1-2-1
Holiday Bowl 1 1989 1-0
Liberty Bowl 3 1959, 1960, 1979 3-0
Orange Bowl 5 1969, 1970, 1974, 1986, 2006 4-1
Outback Bowl 3 1996, 1999, 2007 3-0
Rose Bowl 2 1923, 1995 1-1
Sugar Bowl 4 1972, 1976, 1979, 1983 2-2

[edit] Trophy rivalries

The Nittany Lions taking the field against Minnesota in 2005.
The Nittany Lions taking the field against Minnesota in 2005.

Penn State competes for two rivalry trophies, introduced when the Nittany Lions began Big Ten football in 1993.

  • Penn State plays Minnesota for the Governor's Victory Bell. Penn State is 6-4 against the Golden Gophers in this series and all-time, and holds possession of the trophy after winning the 2006 contest.
  • Penn State and Michigan State compete for the Land Grant Trophy annually. Penn State has a 11-4 record in these trophy games, with Michigan State currently holding possession of the trophy having won the 2007 contest.

[edit] Individual award winners

[edit] Players

John Cappelletti - 1973
Richie Lucas - 1959
Glenn Ressler - 1964
Mike Reid - 1969
John Cappelletti - 1973
Chuck Fusina - 1978
Kerry Collins - 1994
Larry Johnson - 2002
John Cappelletti - 1973
Larry Johnson - 2002
Kerry Collins - 1994
LaVar Arrington - 1999
Paul Posluszny - 2005, 2006
Dan Connor - 2007
Bobby Engram - 1994
LaVar Arrington - 1999
Paul Posluszny - 2005
Bruce Clark - 1978
Todd Blackledge - 1982
Kerry Collins - 1994
Mike Reid - 1969
Larry Johnson - 2002
Kerry Collins - 1994
Michael Robinson - 2005

[edit] Coaches

Rip Engle - 1969
Joe Paterno - 2002
Joe Paterno - 1981, 2005
Joe Paterno - 1978, 1982, 1986
Joe Paterno - 1986
Joe Paterno - 2005
Joe Paterno - 1972, 1994, 2005

[edit] Other awards

[edit] College Football Hall of Fame inductees

See also: College Football Hall of Fame

Including current head coach Joe Paterno, 21 Nittany Lion players and coaches have been selected for the College Football Hall of Fame.[14]

Name Position Year inducted
Hugo Bezdek Coach 1954
John Cappelletti Halfback 1993
Keith Dorney Offensive tackle 2005
Rip Engle Coach 1973
Jack Ham Linebacker 1990
Dick Harlow Coach 1954
Bob Higgins Coach 1954
Glenn Killinger Quarterback 1971
Ted Kwalick Tight end 1989
Richie Lucas Quarterback 1986
Pete Mauthe Halfback 1957
Shorty Miller Quarterback 1974
Lydell Mitchell Running back 2004
Dennis Onkotz Linebacker 1995
Joe Paterno Coach 2007
Mike Reid Defensive tackle 1987
Glenn Ressler Center/guard 2001
Dave Robinson End 1997
Steve Suhey Guard 1985
Dexter Very End 1976
Harry Wilson Halfback 1973

[edit] Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees

See also: Pro Football Hall of Fame

Penn State is one of 11 schools with five or more inductees in the Pro Football Hall of Fame.[15]

Name Position NFL team(s) Year inducted
Jack Ham Linebacker Pittsburgh Steelers 1988
Franco Harris Running back Pittsburgh Steelers, Seattle Seahawks 1990
Mike Michalske Guard New York Yankees (AFL/NFL), Green Bay Packers 1964
Lenny Moore Flanker/running back Baltimore Colts 1975
Mike Munchak Guard Houston Oilers 2001

[edit] Future schedules

Date Time Opponent# Rank# Site TV Result
09/05/2009* Eastern Michigan Beaver StadiumUniversity Park, PA   
09/12/2009* Syracuse Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
09/19/2009* Temple[16] Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
09/26/2009 Iowa Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
10/03/2009 at Illinois Memorial StadiumChampaign, IL   
10/10/2009* Eastern Illinois Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
10/17/2009 Minnesota Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
10/24/2009 at Michigan Michigan StadiumAnn Arbor, MI   
10/31/2009 at Northwestern Ryan FieldEvanston, IL   
11/07/2009 Ohio State Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
11/14/2009 Indiana Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
11/21/2009 at Michigan State Spartan StadiumEast Lansing, MI   
*Non-Conference Game. Homecoming. #Rankings from Coaches Poll released prior to game. All times are in Eastern Time.
Date Time Opponent# Rank# Site TV Result
09/04/2010* Youngstown State[17] Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
09/11/2010* at Alabama Bryant-Denny StadiumTuscaloosa, AL   
09/18/2010* TBA   
09/25/2010 at Iowa Kinnick StadiumIowa City, IA   
10/02/2010 Illinois Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
10/09/2010* Temple[16] Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
10/16/2010 at Minnesota TCF Bank StadiumMinneapolis, MN   
10/23/2010 Michigan Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
10/30/2010 Northwestern Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
11/06/2010 at Ohio State Ohio StadiumColumbus, OH   
11/13/2010 at Indiana Memorial StadiumBloomington, IN   
11/20/2010 Michigan State Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
*Non-Conference Game. Homecoming. #Rankings from Coaches Poll released prior to game. All times are in Eastern Time.
Date Time Opponent# Rank# Site TV Result
09/03/2011* Eastern Michigan Beaver StadiumUniversity Park, PA   
09/10/2011* Alabama Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
09/17/2011* at Temple[16] Lincoln Financial FieldPhiladelphia, PA   
*Non-Conference Game. Homecoming. #Rankings from Coaches Poll released prior to game. All times are in Eastern Time.
Date Time Opponent# Rank# Site TV Result
09/08/2012* at Virginia[18] Scott StadiumCharlottesville, VA   
09/15/2012* Temple[16] Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
*Non-Conference Game. Homecoming. #Rankings from Coaches Poll released prior to game. All times are in Eastern Time.
Date Time Opponent# Rank# Site TV Result
09/14/2013* Virginia[18] Beaver Stadium • University Park, PA   
*Non-Conference Game. Homecoming. #Rankings from Coaches Poll released prior to game. All times are in Eastern Time.
Date Time Opponent# Rank# Site TV Result
2014* Nebraska[19] Beaver Stadium or Memorial StadiumUniversity Park, PA or Lincoln, NE   
*Non-Conference Game. Homecoming. #Rankings from Coaches Poll released prior to game. All times are in Eastern Time.
Date Time Opponent# Rank# Site TV Result
2015* Nebraska[19] Beaver Stadium or Memorial StadiumUniversity Park, PA or Lincoln, NE   
*Non-Conference Game. Homecoming. #Rankings from Coaches Poll released prior to game. All times are in Eastern Time.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

[edit] References

  1. ^ Storied programs dominate Ladder 119's top rungs. espn.com. Retrieved on 2007-12-09.
  2. ^ Penn State visit from No. 1. Ron Musselman, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved on 2007-12-09.
  3. ^ Storied programs revive tradition. Jack Carey, USA TODAY. Retrieved on 2007-12-09.
  4. ^ Joe Paterno. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  5. ^ Galen Hall. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  6. ^ Tom Bradley. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  7. ^ Kermit Buggs. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  8. ^ Larry Johnson. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  9. ^ Ron Vanderlinden. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  10. ^ Dick Anderson. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  11. ^ Bill Kenney. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  12. ^ Jay Paterno. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  13. ^ Mike McQueary. Penn State Intercollegiate Athletics. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  14. ^ Hall of Famers by College. College Football Hall of Fame. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  15. ^ Hall of Famers by College. Pro Football Hall of Fame. Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  16. ^ a b c d Temple Football Hosts #25 Penn State at Noon on Saturday. Temple Athletics (2007-11-05). Retrieved on 2007-11-05.
  17. ^ Penn State on 2010 slate. The Vindicator (2007-04-13). Retrieved on 2007-12-14.
  18. ^ a b Fittipaldo, Ray (2007-06-06). Football: PSU adds Virginia to future schedule. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved on 2007-10-18.
  19. ^ a b Musselman, Ron (2007-09-12). Football: Paterno kicking around prospect of reviving Pitt series. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved on 2007-10-18.