Naphazoline

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Naphazoline
Systematic (IUPAC) name
2-(naphthalen-1-ylmethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
Identifiers
CAS number	835-31-4
ATC code	R01AA08
PubChem	4436
Chemical data
Formula	C14H14N2
Mol. mass	210.274
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	?
Half life	?
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	Topical

Naphazoline (in the hydrochloride form) is the common name for 2-(1-naphthylmethyl)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride. It is a sympathomimetic agent with marked alpha adrenergic activity. It is a vasoconstrictor with a rapid action in reducing swelling when applied to mucous membrane. It acts on alpha-receptors in the arterioles of the conjunctiva to produce constriction, resulting in decreased congestion. It is an active ingredient in Naphcon-A and Clearine eye drops.

It has the molecular formula C₁₄H₁₄N₂.HCl and a molecular weight of 246.73 g/mol.

[edit] Warnings and contraindications

A few warnings and contraindications that apply to all naphazoline-containing substances intended for medicinal use are:

• Hypersensitivity to naphazoline
• Patients taking MAO inhibitors can experience a severe hypertensive crisis if given a sympathomimetic drug such as naphazoline HCl
• Use in infants and children can result in central nervous system depression, leading to coma and marked reduction in body temperature
• Should be used with caution in patients with severe cardiovascular disease including cardiac arrythmia and in patients with diabetes, especially those with a tendency toward diabetic ketoacidosis
• Drug interactions can occur with anaesthetics that sensitize the myocardium to sympathomimetics (e.g cyclopropane or halothane cautiously
• Exercise caution when applying prior to use of phenylephrine.

v • d • e Decongestants and other nasal preparations (R01) Topical: sympathomimetics, plain Cyclopentamine - Ephedrine - Phenylephrine - Oxymetazoline - Tetryzoline - Xylometazoline - Naphazoline - Tramazoline - Metizoline - Tuaminoheptane - Fenoxazoline - Tymazoline - Epinephrine Topical: antiallergic agents, excluding corticosteroids Cromoglicic acid - Levocabastine - Azelastine - Antazoline - Spaglumic acid - Thonzylamine - Nedocromil - Olopatadine Topical: corticosteroids Beclometasone - Prednisolone - Dexamethasone - Flunisolide - Budesonide - Betamethasone - Tixocortol - Fluticasone - Mometasone furoate - Triamcinolone - Ciclesonide Topical: other nasal preparations Calcium hexamine thiocyanate - Retinol - Ipratropium bromide - Ritiometan - Mupirocin - Hexamidine - Framycetin Systemic use: Sympathomimetics Phenylpropanolamine - Pseudoephedrine - Phenylephrine