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The following table is a partial list of artificial objects on the surface of Mars. Most are defunct after having served their purpose, but the Spirit rover and the Opportunity rover are still operational, along with the Phoenix lander which is the most recent man-made object to land safely on Mars. The list does not include smaller objects such as parachutes, heatshields, and the landers of the MER rovers.
| Man-made object |
Nationality |
Landed |
Mass (kg) |
Location |
| Mars 2 1
|
USSR |
1971 |
1210 |
4º N, 47º W. |
| Mars 3 2
|
USSR |
1971 |
1210 |
Sirenum Terra, 45° S - 158° W |
| Mars 6 1
|
USSR |
1973 |
635 |
Margaritifer Terra, 29.90° S - 19.42° W |
| Viking 1 lander
|
United States |
1976 |
657 |
Chryse Planitia, 22.480° N - 47.967° W |
| Viking 2 lander
|
United States |
1976 |
657 |
Utopia Planitia, 48.269° N - 225.99° W |
| Mars Pathfinder lander & Sojourner rover
|
United States |
1997 |
360 |
Ares Vallis, 19.33° N - 33.55° W |
| Mars Climate Orbiter 3
|
United States |
1999 |
629 |
? |
| Mars Polar Lander & Deep Space 2 1
|
United States |
1999 |
500 |
Ultimi Scopuli, 76° S - 195° W |
| Beagle 2 1 |
United Kingdom |
2003 |
69 |
Isidis Planitia, 10.6° N - 270° W |
| Spirit rover (MER-A)4
|
United States |
2004 |
1063 |
Gusev crater, 14.5718° S - 175.4785° E |
| Opportunity rover (MER-B)4
|
United States |
2004 |
1063 |
Meridiani Planum, 1.9483° S - 354.4742° E |
| Phoenix
|
United States |
2008 |
350 |
Vastitas Borealis, unofficially named Green Valley, 68.22° N 125.7° W |
| Total estimated dry mass (kg) |
8,403 |
|
- 1 Spacecraft reached Martian surface, but contact was not established after landing.
- 2 Spacecraft reached Martian surface, but transmissions stopped after 25 seconds.
- 3 Spacecraft is assumed to have hit Mars while attempting to enter orbit and parts of the spaceship may have reached the surface of Mars.
- 4 Active rover as of 2008.
[edit] See also
