Clenbuterol
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Clenbuterol
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 1-(4-amino-3,5-dichloro-phenyl)- 2-(tert-butylamino)ethanol |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | R03 R03CC13 |
| PubChem | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C12H18Cl2N2O |
| Mol. mass | 277.19 |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 89-98% orally |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 36-39 hours |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
C |
| Legal status |
? |
| Routes | oral |
Clenbuterol is a drug prescribed to sufferers of breathing disorders as a decongestant and bronchodilator. People with chronic breathing disorders like asthma use this as a bronchodilator to make breathing easier. It is most commonly available in salt form as Clenbuterol hydrochloride.
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[edit] Effects and Dosage
Clenbuterol is a β2 adrenergic agonist with some similarities to ephedrine, but its effects are more potent and longer-lasting as a stimulant and thermogenic drug. It causes an increase in aerobic capacity, CNS stimulation, and an increase in blood pressure and oxygen transportation. It increases the rate at which fat and protein is used up in the body at the same time as slowing down the storage of glycogen. It is commonly used for smooth muscle relaxant properties. This means that it is a bronchodilator and tocolytic. It is usually used in dosages anywhere from 20-60 micrograms a day when prescribed. A dose of about 150 μg should never be exceeded in a day. It is also prescribed for treatment of horses, however, equestrian usage is usually the liquid form of clenbuterol. Clenbuterol works under the PNS-sympathetic.
[edit] Human use
Recently clenbuterol has been touted as a weight loss drug and in some countries is prescribed as a bronchodilator for asthma patients.[citation needed] It is used as an unproven slimming aid,[1], but human use can lead to side-effects.[citation needed] With many major diet review websites talking about clenbuterol and accessible via the internet, the drug is being abused as a dietary supplement.[citation needed]
[edit] Veterinary use
Clenbuterol is used worldwide for the treatment of allergic respiratory disease in horses, as it is a bronchodilator. A common trade name is Ventipulmin. It can be used both orally and intravenously. It is also a non-steroidal anabolic and metabolism accelerator, through a mechanism not well understood. Its ability to induce weight loss and a greater proportion of muscle to fat makes its illegal use in livestock popular.
[edit] Food contamination
In September 2006 over 330 people in Shanghai were reported to have been poisoned by eating pork contaminated by Clenbuterol that had been fed to the animals to keep their meat lean.[2]
[edit] Legal status
As of fall, 2006, Clenbuterol is not an ingredient of any therapeutic drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, but is still used as an unproven slimming aid,[1] and is now banned for IOC-tested athletes.[3] Jason Grimsley, former Major League baseball pitcher, admitted to using this drug. Former Major League Baseball first Baseman David Segui has admitted to ordering the substance. Entertainer Britney Spears has been reported as being a user of the drug in order to boost rapid weight loss, according to reports from the newspaper, The Sun, and has been doing so for over half a year. The tennis player Mariano Puerta was once penalized for use of clenbuterol. Australian wrestler Mitchil Mann was also suspended for testing positive for the drug.[4]
[edit] References
- ^ a b Howard, Rebecca. "The size zero pill", Daily Mail, 2006-10-09. Retrieved on 2007-07-01.
- ^ "Pigs fed on bodybuilder steroids cause food poisoning in Shanghai", AFP, 2006-09-19. Retrieved on 2006-09-19. (English)
- ^ Guest, Katy. "Clenbuterol: The new weight-loss wonder drug gripping Planet Zero", The Independent, 2007-04-10. Retrieved on 2007-04-10.
- ^ "Drugs investigation nets fourth victim", Australian Associated Press, The Age, 2007-03-14. Retrieved on 2007-04-10.
[edit] External links
- Clenbuterol (clenbuterol.ws) - Activist site with information on government oversight, abuse, risks, testing, program, illegal celebrity and hollywood diet.
- Clenbuterol Side Effects (articleonramp.com) - Information regarding the side effects of clenbuterol.
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