Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway

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Romney, Hythe & Dymchurch Railway
'Northern Chief' at New Romney
Location
Place	Kent
Terminus	Hythe
Commercial Operations
Name
Gauge
Preserved Operations
Operated by	Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway Co.
Stations	6+1
Length	13.5 miles
Gauge	15 inch
Commercial History
Preservation History
1927	Railway Opens
1973	Saved by William McAlpine and Consortium after nearly closing

Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway

Legend Hythe 1920s proposed Sandling extension (not built) Prince of Wales Halt Prince of Wales Bridge Botolph's Bridge Halt Botolph's Bridge Level Crossing 1980s proposed Sandling extension (not built) Burmarsh Road Level Crossing Burmarsh Road Eastbridge Road Level Crossing Dymchurch St Marys Road Level Crossing Golden Sands Halt St Mary's Bay Jefferstone Lane Level Crossing Duke of York Camp branch sidings (closed and lifted) Warren Halt A259 road New Romney Greatstone Dunes Baldwin Road Level Crossing Seaview Road Level Crossing Maddieson's Camp Romney Sands Level Crossing Romney Sands War Department Halt Derville Road Bridge Hull Road Level Crossing Lade Taylor Road Level Crossing Williamson Road Level Crossing Kerton Road Bridge Battery Road Level Crossing The Pilot Inn Former turning triangle Dungeness Road Level Crossing Beach Fish Line (closed and lifted) Britannia Points Halt Dungeness

The Romney, Hythe & Dymchurch Railway is a 15 in (381 mm) gauge heritage railway in Kent, England. The 13.5 mile (23 km) line runs from the Cinque Port of Hythe via Dymchurch, St. Mary's Bay, New Romney and Romney Sands to Dungeness, close to Dungeness Power Station and Dungeness Lighthouse.

Contents 1 Description 1.1 Smallest public railway in the world 2 Stations 2.1 Stations currently open 2.2 Stations currently closed 2.3 Stations proposed 3 Locomotives 3.1 Locomotives Currently in Service 3.2 Locomotives Withdrawn from Service 3.3 Locomotive Trivia 4 Passenger Traffic 4.1 Passenger Services 4.2 Passenger Vehicles 5 Freight Traffic 5.1 Freight Services 5.1.1 Dungeness Beach Fish Trade 5.1.2 Uncrushed Shingle Transport 5.1.3 Postal Service 5.1.4 Parcels Service 5.2 Freight Vehicles 6 Proposed extension to Sandling 7 New Tenders for 'Samson' and 'Hercules' 8 Safety 9 Notes 10 References 11 External links

[edit] Description

Constructed during the 1920s and eventually opening on the 16th July 1927, the Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway was the dream of millionaire racing drivers Captain J.E.P. Howey and Count Louis Zborowski. Unfortunately Zborowski was killed in a motor racing accident at Monza before the Romney Marsh site was chosen, and Howey continued the project alone. Mountain Class 'Hercules' hauled the inaugural train from Hythe to New Romney with a healthy guest list including the mayors of the two towns, and General Sir Ivor Maxse. However, Howey was not happy with just 8 miles from New Romney to Hythe, and he duly extended another 5.5 miles from New Romney to Dungeness. This section was originally double track, but is now single track due to extensive damage during World War II, when the line was taken over by the military. After the war the line was re-opened between Hythe and New Romney in 1946, with the singled New Romney to Dungeness section being reopened in 1947 by Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy. As well as being a tourist attraction, this railway is a useful service between the small towns and villages between Hythe and Dungeness, and is also under contract to the local council to transport school children to and from The Marsh Academy in New Romney.

All 10 original locomotives remain in active service, covering thousands of miles each year. The fleet, already one of the largest of any 15 inch railway in Britain, was expanded in 1976 with the arrival of German-Built locomotive no.11 'Black Prince' (formerly 'Fleißiges Lieschen' = 'Busy Lizzy'). The RH&DR was and still is the only user of the 4-8-2 "Mountain" locomotive type in the UK, with both No. 6 'Samson' and No. 5 'Hercules' in regular service. Two diesel locomotives, No. 12 'John Southland' and No. 14 (Nameless - later 'Captain Howey'), were constructed in the 1980s. The line carries over 100,000 passengers each year with a unique experience of main-line speed in miniature form.

The railway celebrated its 80th birthday in 2007, marking it with a week of celebrations including reconstructions of scenes that had been seen on the railway over the previous eight decades.

[edit] Smallest public railway in the world

From 1926 to 1978, the RH&DR held the title of the "Smallest public railway in the world" (in terms of track gauge). The title was lost to the 12¼ inch (311 mm) gauge Réseau Guerlédan in France in 1978^[1] and regained from 1979, when the Réseau Guerlédan closed, until 1982, when the 10¼ inch (260mm) gauge Wells and Walsingham Light Railway opened.

The railway was featured prominently in an episode of the BBC series The Inspector Lynley Mysteries.

[edit] Stations

[edit] Stations currently open

Stations currently in full or limited use by trains.

• Hythe
• Burmarsh Road (Limited Use)
• Dymchurch
• St Mary's Bay
• New Romney
• Romney Sands
• Dungeness

[edit] Stations currently closed

Those shown as 'halt' never had a higher status; some full stations below also became halts prior to final closure.

• Prince of Wales Halt (closed 1928)
• Botolph's Bridge Halt (closed 1939)
• Golden Sands Halt (closed 1990s)
• Warren Halt (closed 1927; briefly re-opened 1946)
• Greatstone Dunes (closed 1983)
• War Department Halt (closed 1945)
• Lade (closed 1977)
• The Pilot Inn (closed 1977)
• Britannia Points Halt

[edit] Stations proposed

These stations do not exist, and have never existed, but were at one time proposed by the Railway's Board of Directors.

• Sandling Junction - in the late 1920s and again in the late 1980s plans existed to extend the RH&DR to meet with the mainline at Sandling.
• Sandling Park - there was a proposal for a station to serve this estate at Pedlinge on the Sandling extension.

v • d • e Stations of the Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Railway Open stations Hythe · Burmarsh Road · Dymchurch · St Mary's Bay · New Romney · Romney Sands · Dungeness Closed stations Prince of Wales Halt · Botolph's Bridge Halt · Golden Sands Halt · Warren Halt · Greatstone Dunes · War Department Halt · Lade · The Pilot Inn · Britannia Points Halt Proposed stations Sandling Junction · Sandling Park

[edit] Locomotives

[edit] Locomotives Currently in Service

Including engines serviceable, under overhaul, awaiting overhaul, or reserved to shunting or engineering duties.^[2]

No 5 'Hercules' at New Romney

No 14 'Captain Howey' at New Romney

No 1 'Green Goddess' passes Hythe signal box with an evening departure for New Romney.

No 7 'Typhoon' at Saint Mary's Bay station.

No.	Name	Livery	Locomotive type	Wheel arr.	Builder	Year built	Whistle	In Traffic?
1	Green Goddess	LNER Apple Green	Steam	4-6-2	Davey Paxman & Co.	1925	Small Chime	Undergoing Heavy Overhaul
2	Northern Chief	Brunswick Green	Steam	4-6-2	Davey Paxman & Co.	1925	Bulleid	Yes
3	Southern Maid	RH&DR Green	Steam	4-6-2	Davey Paxman & Co.	1926	Ex Isle of White Hooter	Yes
4	The Bug	Brighton Umber	Steam	0-4-0	Krauss, Munich	1926	RHDR	Yes
5	Hercules	Midland Rly Maroon	Steam	4-8-2	Davey Paxman & Co.	1927	GWR Hall	Yes
6	Samson	Great Eastern Blue	Steam	4-8-2	Davey Paxman & Co.	1927	US Crosby	Yes
7	Typhoon	Malachite Green	Steam	4-6-2	Davey Paxman & Co.	1927	BR Duke of Gloucester	Yes
8	Hurricane	LNER Garter Blue	Steam	4-6-2	Davey Paxman & Co.	1927	LNER Commonwealth of Australia	Yes
9	Winston Churchill	Maroon	Steam	4-6-2	Yorkshire Engine Company	1931	Crosby	Yes
10	Dr Syn	Black, White Detailing	Steam	4-6-2	Yorkshire Engine Company	1931	LNER A4	Out of Service ufn
11	Black Prince	DB Black/Red	Steam	4-6-2	Krupp, Essen	1937	South African Chime	Yes
12	John Southland	Black/Yellow	Diesel-Mechanical	Bo-Bo	TMA Engineering	1983	2-Tone Horn (AirChime, Ltd)	Yes
14	Captain Howey	Blue/Silver	Diesel-Mechanical	Bo-Bo	TMA Engineering	1989	2-Tone Horn (AirChime, Ltd)	Yes
PW1	Simplex	Green	Diesel-Mechanical	0-4-0	Motor Rail Ltd. (Simplex Wks)	1938	None	Shunting Duties
PW2	Scooter	Yellow	Petrol-Mechanical	0-4-0	RHDR	1949	Ex Fire Engine	Shunting Duties
PW3	Red Gauntlet	Red	Petrol-Mechanical	0-4-0	Jacot / Keef	1975	Halfords	Shunting Duties

Notes on Locomotive Names:

• No 1 was named 'Green Goddess' after the 1921 stage play by William Archer, which Capt Howey had enjoyed.
• Nos 2 & 3 were to be called 'Northern Chief' and 'Southern Chief' and these nameplates were fitted at the works; however No 3's name was changed to 'Southern Maid' before delivery.
• No 4 left the railway after construction was complete, and ran in Belfast with the new name "Jean". This engine regained its original name on its return to the RHDR and restoration in the 1970s. It also bears the colloquial name "Basil the Bug" in its role as mascot of the railway's official children's supporter group.
• Nos 5 & 6 were to be called 'Man of Kent' and 'Maid of Kent', but due to their tractive power (having an extra driving wheel) the alternative names 'Hercules' and 'Samson' (for strength) were substituted during construction. Henry Greenly, the designer, was involved in the construction of a new locomotive on the nearby Saltwood Miniature Railway a decade later, and this engine took the 'Maid of Kent' name.
• Nos 7 & 8 were originally constructed for express passenger services, and had an extra cylinder (3 instead of 2), hence their names 'Typhoon' and 'Hurricane' for speed. The third cylinder was later removed from each of these locomotives due to unreliability. According to an original order, these locomotives were originally going to carry the 'Samson' and 'Hercules' nameplates, however, Howey gave the mountain classes these nameplates before the 3 cylinder locomotives had arrived.
• Following a mishap when Capt Howey was at the controls, No 8 was renamed 'Bluebottle' between 1938 and 1946, apparently as a punishment!
• No 9 was originally named 'Doctor Syn', but its name became 'Winston Churchill' in 1948 for its tour of Canada, and afterwards stuck.
• No 10 was originally named 'Black Prince', but took over the 'Doctor Syn' name in 1949 to maintain the link with local history and legend.
• No 11 took over the redundant 'Black Prince' name upon its transfer to the RH&DR in 1976, in place of its origial German name 'Fleißiges Lieschen', meaning 'Busy Lizzy' in English.
• No 12 is named after the founder of the local secondary school in New Romney, where local children are educated.
• No 13 was never assigned. Although this was due to superstition, it has also been explained by the fact that another engine of the same class as 12 and 14 was built between them and exported to a railway in Japan; somewhat strangely, this locomotive carried the "John Southland" name, like No 12.
• No 14 ran nameless for 12 years until it was named after the founder of the railway, Capt Howey.

[edit] Locomotives Withdrawn from Service

Including engines sold, scrapped, failed in trials, or otherwise withdrawn.
ALL were internal combustion locomotives.

'Name' or designation	Wheel arrangement	Builder	Year built	Year withdrawn	Notes
Theakston Fordson	Bo'2'	Theakston	1928	c1935	Very early experiment with internal combustion. Large passenger locomotive with fully enclosed 2-seater cab. Operated on winter passenger services. Judged too slow, and ugly in appearance.
Super-Scooter (JAP Scooter)	Ultra-light 4-wheel scooter	RHDR	c1929	c1945	Light, open-cabbed, track inspection scooter, powered by 6hp JAP motorcycle engine. Capt Howey recorded New Romney to Hythe in 8 minutes, light engine.[3]
War Department Locomotive	4-wheel scooter	War Department	1929	c1950	The only privately-owned locomotive to have seen long-term service on the RHDR. Stabled at Hythe engine shed, worked the War Department branch line. Remained in RHDR service briefly after the branch line closed.
Rolls Royce Locomotive	Bo'2'	RHDR	c1932	1961	Built out of Capt Howey's Rolls Royce Silver Ghost motor car. Large, fully-enclosed cab, 2-seater, express passenger engine. Fully rebuilt in 1946 with sleek body-work. Re-engined (with Ford engine) in 1947. Tested at 60mph with empty coaches.
Motor Cycle Scooter	Ultra-light 4-wheel scooter	RHDR	c1949	c1952	Light, open-cabbed, track inspection scooter, powered by motorcycle engine. The only RHDR locomotive ever built of which no known photograph exists. It's existence is attested by former railway staff.
'Royal Anchor'	B-B	Charles Lane of Liphook	1956	1956	Diesel Hydraulic double-ended (two cabs) locomotive, built for RHDR service (as the Rolls Royce Locomotive was near withdrawal). Royal Anchor (a very smart locomotive) failed trials on the RHDR due to serious lack of power. The project was abandoned and the locomotive returned to Liphook. It operated on the R&ER 1960-1977, and then at Carnforth 1977-2000. It is now operating privately in the USA.

[edit] Locomotive Trivia

Green Goddess' own bogie tender was designed and built at Bulleid's suggestion at the Southern Railway's Ashford works in 1947.

[edit] Passenger Traffic

[edit] Passenger Services

The railway was originally conceived and constructed as a public service, and not as a tourist attraction. Times have changed, and the railway now relies heavily upon tourist trade, but it is not a 'tourist railway' or a 'preserved railway', in the sense that it was built to provide a public transport link, and it has continued to do so ever since, despite the increasing dependence upon tourist trade.

Forms of passenger service beyond the regular tourist industry include the following. School children are transported (under contract to Kent County Council) to The Marsh Academy (previously known as Southland's Comprehensive School until a name change in 2007); this school service is provided all year round, during school term time. Local residents are transported to shopping centres along the line, and at various times the railway has operated 'shoppers specials' in additional to regular trains. Holiday Camp trains have been operated in connection with holiday camps at Romney Sands and St Mary's Bay. Charter trains are operated for individuals, societies and companies for a range of reasons from sight-seeing to corporate hospitality. During the second world war the railway was operated by the Somerset Light Infantry on behalf of the War Office as a military railway, and there was extensive transportation of soldiers on military troop trains.

[edit] Passenger Vehicles

The RH&DR operates a mix of 20-seat and 16-seat open and closed passenger coaches. Over its 80 year history the coach livery has changed, from an original 'green and cream' mix, to a 'brown and cream' mix in the 1970s and 1980s, which itself gave way to a 'red and cream' mix in the late 1980s and for the next fifteen years. From shortly after 2000, a new policy has been enacted, painting different rakes of coaches (that is trains comprised of around a dozen coaches each) in individual liveries. Hence there is now a set of green coaches, a set of blue coaches, a set of crimson coaches, and also a rake of preserved teak coaches, in their natural teak wood colour.

In addition to the main stock, there is also the heritage set, made up of the preserved Clayton Pullman (the last remaining example of a set of 1930s vehicles of superior comfort and design), a preserved 1950s 12-seat coach named 'Ruth', the driving control trailer 'Majorie', the Royal Saloon (used by Queen Elizabeth II and members of her family on a visit to the line), and the licensed Bar Car (an observation coach with a staffed refreshment bar) named 'Gladys'. There is also the disabled access vehicle, 601 named 'Elsie'. This has been supplemented by two additional disabled access vehicles, 602 (named 'Winn') in blue livery and 603 (named 'May') in green.

[edit] Freight Traffic

[edit] Freight Services

From the outset, the railway's owners and designers envisaged an extensive provision of freight services. Two of the original locomotives (No 5 'Hercules' and No 6 'Samson') were built to the 'mountain' wheel arrangement (4-8-2), of which they are believed to be unique examples in British railway history, specifically because this type of locomotive, despite lacking speed, has a high tractive-effort, enabling it to haul heavy freight trains. In practice the extensive freight services never arose, although a number of areas of freight service have featured prominently in the railway's history.

[edit] Dungeness Beach Fish Trade

In 1937 a short branch line was laid to the east of the mainline near Dungeness, running for just over a quarter of a mile to the beach. Platform 1 at Hythe was also extended beside the station buildings and out to the front of the station. This joint provision was intended to allow the transport of fish from Dungeness to Hythe and there to transfer it rapidly to road transport. The company already had a stock of 4-wheel fish wagons, stencilled on their sides with the words "Fish Only", but the service was developed from 1937 following the closure of the South Eastern Railway's Dungeness line in that year. The fish trade only ever developed in a small way, and the service was eventually withdrawn. Parts of the fish branch line are still in place on Dungeness beach, and were in use by local fishermen for short distance transport of their fish catches many years after the formal service was withdrawn.

[edit] Uncrushed Shingle Transport

Perhaps the most well known and successful area of freight service on the railway, was the uncrushed ballast service. Following the withdrawal of the War Office operations on the War Department Branch Line, the railway utilised the infrastructure to operate ballast trains. In 1937 a subsidiary ballast company was formed for this purpose. Tipper wagons were loaded with shingle and transported along the branch line, and then up the main line to Hythe, often laying over in the sidings at Dymchurch to prevent delay to faster passenger trains using the same tracks. At Hythe the wagons were hauled mechanically up a steep ramp built on concrete pillars, and their contents were tipped into lorries for road transport. In 1951, after fourteen years of operation, the subsidiary company switched to entirely road transport and at the same time the company closed both the branch line and the freight incline at Hythe; however, the concrete pillars were still visible at Hythe right up until the early 1980s.

[edit] Postal Service

The railway is licensed by the British Post Office for rail postal services, and is entitled to issue its own postage stamps. A number of first day covers have been issued. A single 4-wheel secure postage wagon was constructed in connection with this service.

[edit] Parcels Service

The railway has long operated a casual parcels service. Parcels handed in to one of the company's stations will be delivered to another station for collection. This is the only remnant of freight service today, although from time to time the railway has a temporary freight contract, such as that in 1975 for the transport of drainage pipes across Romney Marsh.

The railway operates its own engineering and permanent way trains, which form the majority of non-passenger services.

[edit] Freight Vehicles

The railway has a large selection of Permanent Way stock, examples of which include the platelayers' mess coach, assorted tipper wagons (largely left over from the ballast operations), secure tool trucks, and a selection of flat wagons. There are also 4-wheel wagons, both box vans and open trucks, including some vehicles surviving from the days of fish trains. There are also tank wagons, used primarily for spraying weed killer onto the tracks to prevent growth of vegetation on the permanent way.

[edit] Proposed extension to Sandling

In the late 1920s, very shortly after the line opened, there were proposals for an extension from Hythe to Sandling (about 2 miles away) with the intention of meeting mainline services at Sandling Junction. It was partly with this idea in mind that the 4-8-2 locomotives Hercules and Samson were first ordered.^[4] The project, which involved steep inclines, was ultimately abandoned.

In the 1980s, the railway's Directors returned to the earlier proposals and had detailed surveys drawn up. Again, consideration was given to motive power, with possible new locomotives discussed. Although still called the "Sandling Extension" as a working title, the 1980s plan was in fact for a branch line from the Willop, some 2 miles short of Hythe, so as to provide a more gently inclined route to Sandling Park and on to Sandling Junction. Once again, the project was abandoned.

[edit] New Tenders for 'Samson' and 'Hercules'

In 2003, the small, unbraked, original Greenly tenders were withdrawn from mainline service due to concerns over safety and coal/water capacity limits. There were the only two of this design of tender running at the time of the withdrawal. Both were pulled behind the two mountain locomotives, one of which was out of service after the Burmarsh Road level crossing incident; the other soon to be withdrawn from service for an intermediate overhaul. Once both locomotives were back in service, the railway was faced with a tender shortage and consequently 'Samson' was kept from mainline service whilst 'Hercules' has been running with the tender from 'Green Goddess' during its storage for overhaul. 'Samson' has now been fitted with one of the new tenders finished in her Great Eastern livery, as 'Hurricane' has now returned to service, requiring the return of her tender.

[edit] Safety

A serious accident occurred on the line on August 3, 2003, when a car drove into the side of a locomotive at an ungated level crossing causing it to derail.^[5] The train driver, 31-year-old Kevin Crouch, died in the crash. Some of the train passengers were treated for shock and minor injuries. The car driver, a woman with a baby, had apparently ignored or failed to see the crossing's warning lights. The woman and her baby were taken to hospital but were not badly hurt. The owners of the line and the Health and Safety Executive promised a full investigation into the crash. The woman was later arrested on suspicion of causing death by dangerous driving, but was found guilty only on a lesser charge of careless driving.^[6]

Another crash between a train and a car at a level crossing occurred on 10 July 2005. The driver of the train, Suzanne Martin, the wife of the railway's general manager, Danny Martin, was killed in the accident.^[7] The car driver, a 20-year-old man, had apparently ignored or failed to see the crossing's warning lights. In January 2006, it was announced that the two crossings involved in these fatalities, at Burmarsh Road and Battery Road - and a third at Botolph's Bridge Road - have been fitted with lifting half-barriers, each costing around £90,000.^[7] The remaining 10 crossings may also eventually be fitted with barriers at some point in the future. As of August 2007, the two crossings involved in the two accidents, and a third at Botolphs Bridge Road have now been fitted with the new barriers.

[edit] Notes

[edit] References

• Anon. (1926) "Romney, Hythe and Dymchurch Light Railway", Railway Magazine, 59 (September), p. 213–218
• BBC News (2005) "Train crash killed manager's wife", BBC Online, accessed 7 October 2007
• Crowhurst, A.R.W. and Scarth R.N. (2004) Locomotives of the Romney Hythe and Dymchurch Railway, Workshop Press, 36 p.
• Sapsted, D. (2004) "Woman in fatal train crash fined", The Daily Telegraph, Online news, accessed 7 October 2007
• Snell, J. B. (1993) One man's railway, Rev. ed., Nairn : David St John Thomas, ISBN 0-946537-80-1

[edit] External links

• Official site
• Kevin Crouch memorial
• NewRomney.net Tourist information about New Romney.
• Movietone newsreel footage of Stan Laurel and Oliver Hardy reopening the railway in 1947
• James Reeves' Railway Gallery, RH&DR features heavily
• UK TrainSim forum thread about the attempt to reproduce the railway in Microsoft Train Simulator

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