Kotlin class destroyer (Project 56)
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 SAM Kotlin class destroyer Vozbuzhdenyy. |
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| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name: | Kotlin |
| Preceded by: | Neustrashimy class destroyer |
| Completed: | 27 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | destroyer |
| Displacement: | 2,662 tons (standard), 3,230 tons (full load) |
| Length: | 126.1 m |
| Beam: | 12.7 m |
| Draught: | 4.2 m |
| Propulsion: | 2× shaft geared steam turbines, 4 boilers, 72,000 hp |
| Speed: | 38 knots |
| Complement: | 284 |
| Armament: | 4× 130 mm guns (2×2) 16× 45 mm (4×4) 10× 533 mm torpedo tubes (2×5) 6 depth charge throwers (later replaced by ASW mortars) 50× mines |
The Kotlin class ships were cold-war era destroyers built for the Soviet Navy, The Russian name for this class was Project 56 Spokoinyy. 27 ships were built between 1955 and 1958, they were all decommissioned in the late 1980s. Kildin class is based on Kotlin's design. The Chinese Luda class destroyer, which is based on the Neustrashimy class destroyer, also borrows some design concepts from the Kotlin class.
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[edit] Design
This design was a smaller version of the Neustrashimy class destroyer which was seen as being too large and expensive for economic series production, as well as too slow. Detailed design changes eliminated some of the problems seen during trials of the Neustrashimyy. A production run of 100 ships was planned but this was curtailed because of the advent of the guided missile. 32 were ordered, but 4 ships were completed as Kildin class (Project 56E/EM), and the last was canceled.
11 ships were modified for enhanced ASW capabilities by adding rocket depth charge launchers (Project 56PLO, Kotlin Mod.).
In 1962, the Soviet navy installed the navalized version of S-125 Neva, SA-N-1 'Goa' to a Project 56K Kotlin SAM class destroyer, the Bravyi (Bravyy) for testing. The system used 4K90 (V-600) missile that could engage targets from 4 to 15km distance, and altitutde from 0.1 to 10 km. Fire control and guidance was provided by 4R90 Yatagan radar. The system could only track one target a time. The missiles were loaded on the dual-arm launcher ZIF-101, with under-deck magazine for 16 missiles.
The Soviet navy would eventually retrofit 7 Kotlin ships to carry SAMs, these ships were known to NATO as the Kotlin SAM class (Project 56A), one more was modified and sold to Poland (Project 56AE, being the only Project 56 destroyer exported). Later versions of the SAM system, such as the Volna-M (SA-N-1B), Volna-P, and Volna-N provided greater missile range and capability. For more information, please see the SA-N-1 entry.
[edit] Ships
| Ship | Builder | Launched | Commissioned | Modernisation | Decommissioned |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spokoinyy - Спокойный - Peaceful | Zhdanov, Leningrad | 28 November 1953 | 27 Jue 1956 | none | 19 April 1990 |
| Svetlyy - Светлый - Bright ( or Light) | Zhdanov, Leningrad | 27 October 1953 | 17 September 1955 | none | 25 April 1989 |
| Speshnyy - Спешный - Rapid | Zhdanov, Leningrad | none | 25 April 1989 | ||
| Skromnyy - Скромный - Modest | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | 25 April 1989 | ||
| Svedushchiy - Сведущий - Knowledgeable | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Smyshlenyy - Смышленый - Sharp (quickwitted) | Zhdanov, Leningrad | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Skrytnyy- Скрытный - Secretive | Zhdanov, Leningrad | none | |||
| Soznatelnyy - Сознательный - Aware | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Spravedlivyy - Справедливый - Just | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56AE) | Transferred to the Polish navy as the ORP Warszawa 1970 | ||
| Nesokrushimyy - Несокрушимый - Indestructible | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Nakhodchivyy- Находчивый - Resourceful | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Nastoychivyy - Настойчивый - Peristent | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Byvalvyy - Бывалый - Experienced | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Bravyy - Бравый - Brave | Nikolayev | SAM (56K) | |||
| Besslednyy - Бесследный - Untracable | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Burlivyy - Бурливый - Turbulent or Tempestous | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Blagorodnyy - Благородный - Noble | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Blestyashchyy - Блестящий - Brilliant | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Plammeny- Пламенный - Fiery or Ardent | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Naporystyy - Напористый - Forceful | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vyzyvayushchiy- Вызывающий - Challenging | Komsomolsk na Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Veskiy - Веский - Convincing | Komsomolsk na Amure | none | |||
| Vdokhnovenyy -Вдохновенный - Inspiring | Komsomolsk na Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vozmuschenyy- Возмущенный - Indignant | Komsomolsk na Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vozbuzhdenyy- Возбужденный -Excited | Komsomolsk na Amure | SAM (56A) | |||
| Vliyatelnyy - Влиятельный -Influential | Komsomolsk na Amure | none | 17 July 1988 | ||
| Vyderzhannyy- Выдержанный - Consistent | Komsomolsk na Amure | 24 June 1957 | 10 December 1957 | none | 24 April 1992 |
- Bravyy - was the Kotlin SAM prototype
The ships were scrapped between 1987 and 1990
[edit] References
- Gardiner, Robert (ed.) [1995]. Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995. London: Conway Maritime. ISBN 0851776051. OCLC 34284130. Also published as Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen; Budzbon, Przemysław [1995]. Conway's all the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1557501327. OCLC 34267261.
[edit] External links
- Federation of American Scientists: Project 56 Kotlin class, Project 56-A Kotlin SAM class, Project 56-PLO Kotlin Mod class Destroyer
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