JR-Maglev
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
JR-Maglev is a magnetic levitation train system developed by the Central Japan Railway Company and Railway Technical Research Institute (association of Japan Railways Group). JR-Maglev MLX01 (X means experimental) is one of the latest designs of a series of Maglev trains in development in Japan since the 1970s. It is composed of a maximum 5 cars to run on the Yamanashi Maglev Test Line. On December 2, 2003, a three-car train set attained a maximum speed of 581 km/h (361 mph) (world speed record for railed vehicles) in a manned vehicle run.
Contents |
[edit] Fundamental technology elements
|
|
|
 Levitation System |
 Guide System |
|
|
|
 Drive System |
|
- See also: technology in the magnetic levitation train article.
Magnetic levitation trains make use of a levitation system, a guide system, and a driving system.
[edit] Levitation
The JR-Maglev levitation train uses an Electro-dynamic Suspension (EDS) system. Moving magnetic fields create a reactive force in a conductor because of the magnetic field induction effect. This force holds up the train. The maglev-trains have superconducting magnetic coils, and the guide ways contain levitation coils.
When the trains run at high speed, levitation coils on the guide way produce reactive forces in response to the approach of the superconducting magnetic coils onboard the trains.
EDS has the advantage of larger gaps than EMS, but EDS needs support wheels which are employed in low speed running, because EDS can't produce a large levitation force at low(er) speeds (150km/h or less in JR-Maglev). However, once the train reaches a certain speed, the wheels will actually retract so that the train is floating.
[edit] Guide
Levitation coils which are located on the guide way generate guiding and stabilizing forces also.
[edit] Driving
JR-Maglev is driven by a Linear Synchronous Motor (LSM) System. This system is needed to supply power to the coils at the guide way.
[edit] Experimental lines in Yamanashi Prefecture
Yamanashi Experiment Lines are facilities that currently have a practical use. It includes about 18.4 km of track (including 16.0 km of tunnels).
[edit] History
- 1962 – Initial technology research was started.
- 1977 – The experiment run was started at Miyazaki tracks.
- 1997 – The experiment run was started at Yamanashi tracks (MLX01) on April.
- 2004 – Number of passengers for Maglev trial ride exceeded 80,000 people. Test of two trains passing each other at a maximum relative speed of 1,026 km/h.
- 2005 - Crown Prince Naruhito experienced Maglev trial ride.
[edit] Vehicles
- 1972 – LSM200
- 1972 – ML100
- 1975 – ML100A
- 1977 – ML-500
- 1979 – ML-500R
- 1980 – MLU001
- 1987 – MLU002
- 1993 – MLU002N
- 1996 – MLX01
- 2002 – MLX01-901
[edit] Manned record
| km/h | Train | Type | Location | Date | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 60 | ML100 | Maglev | RTRI of JNR, Japan | 1972 | |
| 400.8 | MLU001 | Maglev | Miyazaki Maglev Test Track, Japan | February 1987 | Two-car train set. Former world speed record for maglev trains. |
| 394.3 | MLU002 | Maglev | Miyazaki Maglev Test Track, Japan | November 1989 | Single-car. |
| 411 | MLU002N | Maglev | Miyazaki Maglev Test Track, Japan | February 1995 | Single-car. |
| 531 | MLX01 | Maglev | Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, Japan | 12 December 1997 | Three-car train set. Former world speed record for maglev trains. |
| 552 | MLX01 | Maglev | Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, Japan | 14 April 1999 | Five-car train set. Former world speed record for maglev trains. |
| 581 | MLX01 | Maglev | Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, Japan | 2 December 2003 | world speed record for maglev trains. |
[edit] Unmanned record
| km/h | Train | Type | Location | Date | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 504 | ML-500 | Maglev | Miyazaki Maglev Test Track, Japan | 12 December 1979 | |
| 517 | ML-500 | Maglev | Miyazaki Maglev Test Track, Japan | 21 December 1979 | |
| 352.4 | MLU001 | Maglev | Miyazaki Maglev Test Track, Japan | January 1986 | Three-car train set. |
| 405.3 | MLU001 | Maglev | Miyazaki Maglev Test Track, Japan | January 1987 | Two-car train set. |
| 431 | MLU002N | Maglev | Miyazaki Maglev Test Track, Japan | February 1994 | Single-car. |
| 550 | MLX01 | Maglev | Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, Japan | 24 December 1997 | Three-car train set. |
| 548 | MLX01 | Maglev | Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, Japan | 18 March 1999 | Five-car train set. |
[edit] Relative passing speed between two trains
| km/h (mph) | Train | Type | Location | Date | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 966 (600.25) | MLX01 | Maglev | Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, Japan | December 1998 | Former world relative passing speed record |
| 1003 (623.24) | MLX01 | Maglev | Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, Japan | November 1999 | Former world relative passing speed record |
| 1026 (637.52) | MLX01 | Maglev | Yamanashi Maglev Test Line, Japan | 16 November 2004 | world relative passing speed record |
[edit] See also
- Aérotrain
- Chūō Shinkansen
- High-speed rail
- Land speed record for railed vehicles
- Magnetic levitation train
- Shinkansen
- Transrapid
[edit] References
- Hood, Christopher P. (2006). Shinkansen – From Bullet Train to Symbol of Modern Japan. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-32052-6.
- Study of Japanese Electrodynamic-Suspension Maglev Systems
[edit] External links
[edit] Research and Government
- Railway Technical Research Institute (RTRI)
- RTRI Maglev Systems Development Department
- RTRI MLX01
- Central Japan Railway Company
- Central Japan Railway Company - Chuo Shinkansen
- Central Japan Railway Company - Superconducting Maglev
- Central Japan Railway Company - Linear Express
- Linear Chuo Express (in Japanese)
- Linear Chuo Express for kids website (in Japanese)
- Linear Chuo Shinkansen Project
- Other Japanese Maglev Links
- Yamanashi Linear Express Fan Club (in Japanese)
[edit] Unofficial and media
- JR Maglev system pictures and infos
- A site with MLX01 video and photo (in Japanese)
- MLX01 Video
- Another MLX01 video
- Photos of the japanese, chinese and german maglevs
|
|||||||||||
