Henri d'Orléans, duc d'Aumale

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Henri in later life

Henri Eugène Philippe Louis d'Orléans, duc d'Aumale (January 16, 1822 – May 7, 1897) was born in Paris. He was the fifth and second youngest son of Louis-Philippe, King of the French and Duc d'Orléans and Marie Amalie of Bourbon-Sicilies. He took the title of Duc d'Aumale. He was a leader for the Orleanist cause of a constitutional monarchy in France.

1 Early Life
2 Marriage and Children
3 Military
4 Death
5 Ancestry
6 External link and references
7 References

[edit] Early Life

Born at the Palais Royal in Paris, he was brought up by his parents with great simplicity, he was educated at the college of Henri IV. At the very young age of 8, he inherited a large fortune of 66 million Livres (equivilent to nearly £200 Million today), the lands and wealth of the last prince de Condé; the last Prince de Condé being his godfather, Louis VI Henri de Bourbon-Condé. He also inherited the famous Château de Chantilly, domaines of Saint-Leu, Taverny, Enghien, Montmorency and Mortefontaine. He also gained the Château d'Écouen. At the age of seventeen he entered the army with the rank of a captain of infantry.

[edit] Marriage and Children

House of Orléans
Kingdom of France

Louis-Philippe

Children
Ferdinand-Philippe, Prince Royal
Louise, Queen of the Belgians
Marie d'Orléans, Duchess of Württemberg
Louis, duc de Nemours
Clementine, Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
François, prince de Joinville
Henri, duc d'Aumale
Antoine, duc de Montpensier
Grandchildren
Philippe VII, comte de Paris
Robert, duc de Chartres
Gaston, comte d'Eu
Ferdinand, duc d'Alençon
Margaret d'Orléans
Blanche d'Orléans
Françoise-Marie, duchesse de Chartres
Louis Philippe, prince de Condé
François Louis, duc de Guise
Great Grandchildren
Amélie, Queen consort of Portugal
Philippe, duc d'Orléans
Hélène, Duchess of Aosta
Isabelle, duchesse de Guise
Louise d'Orléans
Ferdinand, duc de Montpensier
Marie d'Orléans, Princess of Denmark
Robert d'Orléans
Henri d'Orléans
Marguerite d'Orléans
Jean III, duc de Guise
Louise d'Orléans
Emmanuel, duc de Vendôme
Great Great Grandchildren
Isabelle d'Orléans
Françoise, Princess of Greece and Denmark
Anne d'Orléans
Henri VI, comte de Paris
Great Great Great Grandchildren
Isabella d'Orléans
Henri VII, comte de Paris
Hélène d'Orléans
François, duc d'Orléans
Anne, Duchess of Calabria
Diane, Duchess of Württemberg
Michel, comte d'Evreux
Jacques, duc d'Orléans
Claude, Duchess of Aosta
Chantal d'Orléans
Thibaut, comte de la Marche
Marie Louise d'Orléans
Sophie Joséphine d'Orléans
Geneviève Marie d'Orléans
Charles Philippe, duc de Nemours
Great Great Great Great Grandchildren
Marie d'Orléans
François, comte de Clermont
Blanche d'Orléans
Jean, duc de Vendôme
Eudes, duc d'Angoulême
Clothilde d'Orléans
Adélaïde d'Orléans
Charles Philippe, duc d'Anjou
François d'Orléans
Diane Marie d'Orléans
Charles-Louis, duc de Chartres
Foulques, duc d'Aumale

On November 25, 1844, he married Marie-Caroline-Auguste de Bourbon-Siciles, daughter of the prince of Salerno and Archduchess Marie Clementine of Austria, in Naples. They had four children, two of whom reached adulthood:

Louis Philippe Marie Léopold, prince de Condé (1845–1866)
- Born at Saint-Cloud
François Louis d'Orléans, duc de Guise (1854–1872)
- Born at Twickenham

Monarchical Styles of
Prince Henri, duc d'Aumale

Reference style	His Royal Highness
Spoken style	Your Royal Highness
Alternative style	Sir

[edit] Military

He distinguished himself during the French invasion of Algeria and, in 1847, he became lieutenant-general and was appointed Governor-General of Algeria, a position he held from September 27, 1847 to February 24, 1848.

In this capacity he received the submission of the emir Abdel Kadir, in December 1847. After the Revolution of 1848, he retired to England and busied himself with historical and military studies, replying in 1861 by a Letter upon History of France to the Emperor Napoleon's violent attacks upon the House of Orléans.

On the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War, he volunteered for service in the French army but his offer was declined. Elected deputy for the Oise département, he returned to France, and succeeded to the fauteuil of the comte Montalembert in the French Academy. In March 1872 he resumed his place in the army as general of division and, in 1873, presided over the court-martial which condemned Marshal Bazaine to death.

At this time, having been appointed commander of the VII army corps at Besançon, he retired from political life and, in 1879, became inspector-general of the army. The act of exception, passed in 1883, deprived all members of families that had reigned in France of their military positions. Consequently, the duc d'Aumale was placed on the unemployed supernumerary list.

Subsequently, in 1886, another law was promulgated which expelled from French territory the heads of former reigning families and provided that, henceforward, all members of those families should be disqualified for any public position or function and election to any public body. The duc d'Aumale protested energetically but was nonetheless expelled.

[edit] Death

By his will of the June 3, 1884, however, he had bequeathed to the Institute of France his Chantilly estate, including the Château de Chantilly, with all the art-collection he had collected there, to become a museum. This generosity led the government to withdraw the decree of exile and the duke returned to France in 1889. He died in Zucco, Sicily and was buried in Dreux, in the chapel of the Orléans.