George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie
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General George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie, GCB (23 October 1770, Dalhousie Castle, Midlothian, Scotland – 21 March 1838 Dalhousie Castle) was Governor of Nova Scotia from 1816 to 1820, Governor General of British North America from 1820 to 1828 and later Commander-in-Chief in India.
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[edit] Military career
Dalhousie was educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, and the University of Edinburgh. After his father's death, Dalhousie joined the British Army in July 1788 by purchasing a cornetcy in the 3rd Dragoons, and was later appointed to the captaincy of an independent company he himself had raised. He joined the 2nd battalion of the 1st Foot in January 1791, and purchased the rank of major in the 2nd Foot in June 1792. He travelled with the regiment to Martinique, as its commander, and succeeded to the lieutenant-colonelcy in August 1794. He was severely wounded in 1795 and returned to England. In 1798 he served in the Irish Rebellion, and in 1799 throughout the Flanders campaign. He received the brevet rank of colonel in January 1800, and fought in the later stages of the Egyptian campaign under Ralph Abercromby. In 1803 he served as a brigadier-general on the staff in Scotland, and was appointed Major-General in April 1805.
During the later stages of the Peninsular War Dalhousie commanded the 7th Division under the Duke of Wellington. He was voted the thanks of Parliament for his services at Battle of Vitoria where he commanded the Left Center Column, consisting of the 3rd and 7th Divisions. He was appointed lieutenant-general, and colonel of the 13th Foot in 1813. He led his division in the Battle of the Pyrenees where it was lightly engaged, then went home to England in October. After the previous commander was wounded at the Battle of Orthez in February 1814, Dalhousie briefly led the 7th Division again. He occupied the city of Bordeaux and thus missed the final Battle of Toulouse. William Kemley was said to have saved the life of Ramsay in battle,by holding a flag over his (injured)? body.(battle unknown) In doing so he suffered a wound from a musket ball that left him with a permanent hole in the palm of his hand. His grandson, Peter Gordon Kemley, used to tell how he could put his finger through the palm of his grandfathers hand. For his actions, William Kemley was given a house on the Dalhousie Estate at Brechin Castle, rent-free for life. His daughter, Caroline Kemley, was born under a gun carriage the evening before the battle of Quatre Bras.Her mother was one of six wives per regiment,permitted to accompany their husbands.(source-Mrs Sophia Young.Brechin)
[edit] Later career
In 1815 he was created Baron Dalhousie, of Dalhousie Castle in the County of Edinburgh, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, to allow him to sit in the House of Lords by right (until that point he had sat as a Scottish representative peer). He married Christina Broun, of Coalstoun in East Lothian, Scotland, a lady of gentle extraction and distinguished gifts, with whom he had three sons, the two elder of whom died early. His youngest son, James, succeeded as 10th Earl and was later created Marquess of Dalhousie.
While serving as Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia he founded Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The town of Dalhousie, New Brunswick was named after him when he visited there in 1826, although his diary entry for the day stated that he disapproved of changing the original French and Mi'kmaq location names.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Glover, Michael. The Peninsular War 1807-1814. Penguin, 1974.
- Oman, Charles. Wellington's Army, 1809-1814. Greenhill, (1913) 1993.
- Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
- The Royal Military Calendar, Or Army Service and Commission Book, ed. John Philippart. p.248-249, Vol I of V, 3rd edition, London, 1820.
| Freemasonry offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by The Earl of Aboyne |
Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland 1804–1806 |
Succeeded by The Duke of Rothesay |
| Government offices | ||
| Preceded by George Stracey Smith |
Governor of Nova Scotia 1816–1820 |
Succeeded by Sir James Kempt |
| Preceded by The Duke of Richmond |
Governor General of British North America 1820–1828 |
Succeeded by Sir James Kempt |
| Military offices | ||
| Preceded by The Viscount Combermere |
Commander-in-Chief, India 1830–1832 |
Succeeded by Sir Edward Barnes |
| Peerage of Scotland | ||
| Preceded by George Ramsay |
Earl of Dalhousie 1787–1838 |
Succeeded by James Broun-Ramsay |
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