C-97 Stratofreighter
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| C-97 Stratofreighter | |
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| Type | Strategic freighter |
| Manufacturer | Boeing |
| Maiden flight | 1945 |
| Introduced | 1947 |
| Retired | 1978 |
| Status | Retired |
| Primary user | United States Air Force |
| Produced | 60 |
| Developed from | B-50 Superfortress |
| Variants | KC-97 Stratotanker Boeing 377 Stratocruiser Aero Spacelines Super Guppy Boeing 367-80 |
The Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter was a militarized Model 377 optimized for long range heavy cargo transport. The C-97 was based on the B-29 bomber.
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[edit] Development
The Boeing C-97 Stratofreighter was developed towards the end of World War II by fitting an enlarged upper fuselage onto a lower fuselage and wings which were essentially the same as the B-50 Superfortress with the tail, wing, and engine layout being nearly identical. It was built before the death of Boeing president, Philip G. Johnson
The prototype XC-97 was powered by the 2,200 hp (1,640 kW) Wright R-3350 engine, and was fitted with a built-in ramp and a hoist to help in the loading and unloading of supplies and personnel through the large clamshell-type doors in the belly. On January 11. 1945 the first prototype flew from Seattle to Washington, DC in 6 hours 4 minutes, an average speed of 383 mph (616 km/h) with 20,000 pounds of cargo, which was for its time rather impressive for such a large aircraft. Production models featured the 3500 hp (2,610 kW) Pratt & Whitney Wasp Major engine, the same engine as the B-50.
The C-97 had a useful payload of 35,000 lb (16 t) and could carry two normal trucks or light tanks. The C-97 was also the first mass produced air transport to feature cabin pressurization, which made long range missions somewhat more comfortable for the crew and passengers.
C-97s evacuated casualties during the Korean War. The USAF Strategic Air Command operated C-97 Stratofreighters from 1949 through 1978. Early in its service life, it served as an airborne alternative SAC command post. While only 60 C-97 transports were built, 812 were built as the KC-97 Stratotanker variant for inflight refueling. The civilian derivative of the C-97 was the Boeing 377 Stratocruiser, a very luxurious transoceanic air liner which featured a lower deck lounge and could be fitted with sleeper cabins.
Two C-97s are still airworthy at the present day, one operated as a privately-owned warbird, the other operated as a fire bomber in the United States.
[edit] Operators
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[edit] Military Operators
[edit] USAF Units[1]
The following USAF wing organizations flew the various KC-97 models at some time during their existence:
[edit] Air National Guard
- 105th Air Transport Group - Stewart AFB, New York (1962-1969)
- 137th Air Transport Squadron
- 106th Air Transport Group - Suffolk County Airport, New York (-)
- 102d Air Transport Squadron
- 109th Air Transport Group - Schenectady Airport, New York (-)
- 139th Air Transport Squadron
- 111th Air Transport Group - NAS Willow Grove, Pennsylvania (-)
- 103d Air Transport Squadron
- 116th Air Transport Group - Dobbins ARB, Georgia (-)
- 128th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy)
- 118th Air Transport Group - Nashville International Airport, Tennessee (-)
- 105th Air Transport Squadron
- 133d Air Transport Wing - Minneapolis-St Paul International Airport, Minnesota (-)
- 109th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy)
- 137th Air Transport Group - Will Rogers World Airport, Oklahoma (-)
- 185th Air Transport Squadron
- 138th Air Transport Group - Tulsa International Airport, Oklahoma (-)
- 125th Air Transport Squadron
- 139th Air Transport Group - , (-)
- 180th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy)
- 146th Air Transport Wing - NAS Point Mugu, California (-)
- 115th Air Transport Squadron
- 151st Air Transport Wing - Salt Lake City International Airport, Utah (-)
- 191st Air Transport Squadron (Heavy)
- 157th Air Transport Group - Grenier Field, New Hampshire (-)
- 133d Air Transport Squadron
- 161st Air Transport Group - Sky Harbor International Airport, Arizona (1966-1972)
- 197th Air Transport Squadron
- 162d Air Transport Wing - , Arizona (-)
- 195th Air Transport Squadron
- 164th Air Transport Group - Memphis International Airport, Tennessee (-)
- 155th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy)
- 165th Air Transport Group - Savannah International Airport, Georgia (-)
- 158th Air Transport Squadron (Heavy)
- 166th Air Transport Group - Greater Wilmington Airport, Delaware (-)
- 142d Air Transport Squadron
[edit] Civil Operators
- Zantop Air Transport
- Hawkins & Powers Aviation
- Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation
- Balair
[edit] Survivors
- C-97G serial 53-0272 is on display at the Milestones of Flight Museum, Fox Field, Lancaster, California
- C-97G serial 52-2718 "Angel of Deliverance" is under restoration to flight status by Berlin Airlift Historical Foundation. [1]
[edit] Specifications (C-97)
General characteristics
- Crew: 4:
- Length: 110 ft 4 in (33.7 m)
- Wingspan: 141 ft 3 in (43.1 m)
- Height: 38 ft 3 in (11.7 m)
- Wing area: 1,734 ft² (161.1 m²)
- Empty weight: 82,500 lb (37,410 kg)
- Loaded weight: 120,000 lb (54,420 kg)
- Max takeoff weight: 175,000 lb (79,370 kg)
- Powerplant: 4× Pratt & Whitney R-4360 Wasp Major radial engines, 3,500 hp (2,610 kW) each
Performance
- Maximum speed: 375 mph (603 km/h)
- Cruise speed: 244 mph (212 knots, 393 km/h)
- Ferry range: 5,000 nm (5,760 mi, 9,270 km)
- Service ceiling 35,000 ft (10,670 m)
- Wing loading: 69.2 lb/ft² (337.8 kg/m²)
- Power/mass: 0.117 hp/lb (192 W/kg)
[edit] See also
Related development
- KC-97 Stratotanker
- B-50 Superfortress
- Boeing 377 Stratocruiser
- Aero Spacelines Pregnant Guppy
- Aero Spacelines Super Guppy
Comparable aircraft
Related lists
[edit] References
- ^ Rarenstein, Charles. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings: Lineage and Honors Histories 1947-1977. ISBN 0-912799-12-9
[edit] External links
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