Wikipedia:Articles for creation/2006-08-27

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Tego Calderon's 3rd Alubum is set to release August 29 2006. It is going to have 23 songs.

[edit] Sources

TegoCalderon.com, myspace.com/tegocalderon


72.86.108.195 00:09, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Australian Involvement in the Vietnam War

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The Labor party, once more consigned to the opposition benches in Parliament, pointed out that Australia was not bound in any way to help Malaysia, Australia being only committed to the defence of Malaya under the ANZAM agreement. They would have preferred a formal treaty between the two states as to what sort of commitment that Australia was to make to Malaysian defence. This was however defeated in parliament along party lines when it went to the vote. Although the confrontation consisted of counterinsurgency operations in North Borneo, the Government was worried about a direct attack by Indonesia against Australian territory, in particular New Guinea. When in may 1964 Sukarno called upon "21 million volunteers" to crush Malaysia, and his Government told Australia not to interfere in what was basically an Asian problem, warning that if Australia did become involved then the responsibility would be Australia's alone. After this was announced there followed a discussion on 21 April 1964 in Parliament, as to whether an attack by Indonesians on Australian troops in Borneo would activate the terms of the ANZUS agreement, leading to the involvement of America. After criticism from the opposition leader Arthur Calwell, who' said that, "America does not believe that its commitment does include the protection of Australia troops already in Malaya". The Prime Minister, Robert Menzies replied that while the letter of ANZUS does not cover Australia troops stationed abroad, the intent did. He suggested that, "The United States of America did not even withdraw its support for Malaysia. It has recognised Malaysia, and it wants Malaysia to be maintained... [but] That when it came to the immediate defence of Malaysia this was perhaps primarily a Commonwealth responsibility." Despite the brave words the government was worried. It feared the possibility of the confrontation escalating and that as its troops were already in contact with the Indonesians in North Borneo, that the United States would not come to its aid. With defence becoming more of important in the thinking of the Government, selective compulsory conscription was introduced before Parliament on 10 November 1964.26 This was to increase the Army to an effective strength of 37,000. The reason being given was a lack of sufficient volunteers, due to a period of full employment and economic expansion in the civil sector. This build up of the Army was required for, Menzies said, "our deteriorating strategic: situation. We expect a continuing requirement to make our forces available for cold war and counterinsurgency tasks. We must have forces ready as an immediate contribution should hostilities occur." The small Australia Army was over-extended by its commitments both in Malaya and Borneo and the result was that only two Battalions to defend Australia. The Army was also committed to providing "advisers" as part of an aid package to the Government of South Vietnam in its war against Communist insurgents and this was stretching its limited resources to the maximum. Obviously more manpower was required if a credible defence was to be mounted against the threat of Indonesian aggression and the only way that could be achieved was through conscription. Then it was announced that Australian combat troops in the form of one infantry Battalion, with supporting elements, would be committed to the war in South Vietnam, on 29 April 1965. The Government was criticised by the Opposition as well as by a strong vocal middle-class minority which could not be dismissed as Communist or pro- Communist in their views. This vocal minority was made up of numerous dignitaries, including Bishops of various denominations, who were extremely critical of the policies of the rapidly changing South Vietnamese Governments. They believed that the Australian Government should seek a negotiated settlement of the conflict, rather than sending more military aid. As a result of this decision Australian conscripts would, for the first time serve outside Australia or its territories and north of the Equator. This had not even occurred in World War II, and it particularly incensed the Opposition leader who held to the ALP's longstanding opposition to conscription for service not in the direct defence of Australia. This initial commitment of an Infantry Battalion quickly grew to become a Task Force (or Brigade) of three or four Battalions with supporting units of Armour, Engineers, Artillery and Logistic support, as well as RAAF units flying Canberra's and helicopters and also naval units. The tasks of these units quickly changed, from guarding and defensive ones to offensive operations against the Vietnamese Communists. At its height the Australian commitment to Vietnam reached 8,000 men in 1968-69. Australia's involvement in Vietnam was prompted by three main factors. Perhaps most important of these was a very poor perception by the Government of world affairs at that time. Throughout the late fifties and sixties Australian diplomatic circles were firmly convinced of a subversive "Communist Threat" outside Australia. This threat, initially directed by Moscow, and later by Beijing, dominated Australian diplomatic thought for approximately fifteen years. It had though, roots which went much further back than that. As Frank Cain mentions, 30 the members of the coalition government gained anti-Communist convictions well before World War II. He suggests that the "the road to Vietnam was not only paved with anti-radical and anti-communist rhetoric and actions but that the non-Labor forces came to be prisoners of such rhetoric." As a consequences of their repeated successes in federal elections, they were convinced of the appropriateness of these policies. In fact when they failed to "kick the Communist can" as they did in 1961, the coalition nearly lost office. As a consequence the anti- Communist policy of the government under Menzies became electorally self-rewarding and they sought to use it where ever possible. This does not deny that they were not totally convinced for the best of reasons but that they also managed to convince the electorate that Communism must be opposed where ever possible. As Cain suggests, when Menzies made his statement suggesting that "the takeover of South Vietnam would be a direct military threat to Australia,"32 the anti-Communist convictions developed over the previous five years were now convincing them to intervene and this action led Australia into the "quagmire of the Vietnamese civil war." Even after the departure of Menzies in 1965, the ideological crusade to which the Coalition was committed carried it to greater electoral victories. In the 1966 election Harold Holt's government was returned by an even greater majority by an electorate who believed in the necessity to remain in Vietnam. However as the middle-class became more convinced about the dangers of their sons being conscripted to fight overseas in Vietnam, they switched their vote to the Labour Party in response. It was ironic that the coalition by using anti-Communist rhetoric to maintain electoral support now lost office by not taking note of it in the election which led to their defeat in 1972. The coalition government's doubts about Indonesia's political alignment had been reinforced over the years by the acceptance of large quantities of military and civil aid by Jarkata from initially Moscow, and then later Beijing. While in retrospect it is obvious that Sukarno was playing the East off against the West in an effort to gain what he wanted, it raised fears in Canberra that Sukarno was increasingly coming under the control of the local Communist members of his government. This was further reinforced when Sukarno threatened to nationalise the three major oil companies operating in Indonesia (Shell, Caltex and Stanvac) which represented over $US500 million in investment.34 This fear of a Indonesia becoming a Communist country on Australia's doorstep further reinforced the already rigid anti-communist stance of the coalition's leaders. This perception of an aggressive Communist threat in Asia prompted Australian foreign Policy planners to support American policies in Asia almost completely blind to the realities of the situation facing them. The war in Vietnam was not perceived as a local rebellion or civil war, caused by discontent, or even as a war of "national liberation" from the last vestiges of colonial rule as it perhaps should have been. Instead, it was perceived by the then Minister for External Affairs, Paul Hasluck', as he related in his policy speech on 23 March 1965, as a conflict where, "the application of the methods of and doctrines of Communist Guerrilla warfare first evolved in China and then successfully in North Vietnam." In his judgement the South Vietnamese were not dealing simply with a situation of local unrest, but with a "large scale campaign of assassination and terrorism", the direction of which was coming from "outside". This "outside" direction was perceived most definitely as from Beijing. Gregory Clark suggests that this perception of Chinese aggression was carried to the point of "Sinophobia". He relates the story of how Hasluck visited Moscow in October 1964. He was seeking to enlist Soviet aid in preventing the success of this perceived Chinese aggression in Vietnam. Needless to say the Soviets turned the discussion to things of more interest and use to them. This fear of Communist aggression was not, only confined to the Ministry of External Affairs. The Prime Minister, Sir Robert Menzies, said in his policy speech on 29 April 1965 that, "the takeover of South Vietnam would be a direct military threat to Australia and all the countries of South and South-East Asia. It must be seen as a part of a thrust by Communist China between the Indian and Pacific Oceans." The fear of this Communist aggression was founded upon what was referred to as the "Domino Theory" by its exponents. Unless this aggressive action by China was stopped in Vietnam, ran the theory, then after Vietnam had fallen, the surrounding countries would follow, just like a row of Dominoes. These countries, which tended to be neutral in their outlook, favouring neither east nor west, might become embroiled in another war like Vietnam, or they might defect to the Communist line. It was feared that this "domino" action would eventually lead to Australia's shores and then the policy of forward defence would mean Darwin instead of Vietnam. While it was in confrontation with Indonesia the government had the added fear that, as Renouf suggests, "Indonesian success with confrontation could lead to a reverse Domino Theory - from south to north - with Singapore, a strategically placed island, being an early victim," and with Australia being perhaps the next target. Perhaps more significant than this as to why Australia became involved in the Vietnam War, was the Government's policy of relying on "great and powerful friends" for Australia's defence. The Government was afraid that if the problems with Indonesia came to armed conflict then Australia would be abandoned by America and Britain. The response of its two major allies, Great Britain and the United States, to the problems of West New Guinea and to a lesser extent Borneo, had convinced the government that they did not share Australia's deep concern about Indonesia. The United States was unwilling to support Australia's stand with anything more substantial than words. Both Britain and the United States had seen it against their interests to provoke Indonesia, who commanded considerable power amongst other third world countries and because of the large amounts of investment both countries had tied up there. They feared the danger of Sukarno nationalising their interests without compensation. In addition when Australia had asked the United States for an unequivocal commitment under the ANZUS treaty, that it was willing to guarantee Australia's defence in case things with Indonesia blew up first over Dutch West New Guinea and then later in Borneo. While Pemberton suggests that in Washington's mind it was fully committed to Australia, in Canberra the lack of a public sign or declaration to that effect weighed heavily on Menzies's mind. So it was that Australia was seeking a method by which America could be "locked into" the defence of both Asia and in particular Australia, against this feared Communist Aggression. The opportunity presented itself when America proposed that Australia provide more advisers and some air and naval aid to Vietnam. Australia however seized upon the chance to offer troops, particularly with the expansion of the Army to meet "a continuing requirement for cold war and counter- insurgency tasks". While William Bundy, the Assistant Secretary of State for SE Asia, noted the offer of troops, he was more hopeful of receiving advisers instead. As America at this time was not willing to commit her own troops to Vietnam. As Sexton suggests, this would seem to indicate that the Australians believed the Americans were not taking a tough enough line. They had allowed political events, both at home and abroad to influence their actions. The Australians believed that the Americans needed their resolve stiffened. So it was that Australia offered the use of ground troops on 18 December 1964. Although the announcement that this offer had been received and accepted by both the Americans and the Parliament until 29 April 1965. Although, as Sexton points out, the request that Menzies referred to in Parliament was not received by the Australian Government's representatives in Saigon until that very day had to be almost forced out of the South Vietnamese government. Talks on the matter had taken place well before this date, on 22 April, between the Australian and the Americans. This announcement came before an American decision to commit ground troops had occurred. So it was that at Australian insistence, Australian troops were committed to take part in the Vietnam War not, as was always stated, on the basis of an American request. So it can be seen from these short accounts that Indonesia's policy of Confrontation over West New Guinea and Malaysia was a major contributing factor in the Australian Government wishing to become involved in a war far from Australian shores. Other factors that contributed to this wish to become involved in an Asian war were the fear of the Domino theory, the seeming lack of American commitment to the defence of Asian and Australia in particular, and the fear of a perceived threat of Communist As both Sexton, and Cooksey, point out, Australia was not happy with the United States' performance over the West New Guinea and Borneo affairs, so in an effort to build up a "credit of goodwill" with America that could be drawn upon in time of need it would seem that Australia decided to enter the Vietnam War. There is an old American political adage that says "not what you have done for me, but what have you done for me lately"? So Australia became involved to show the Americans that if we were willing to help them, they would then perhaps be willing to help us if it ever came to the point of war with Indonesia.


[edit] Sources

http://www.faqs.org/faqs/vietnam/australia/part3/


210.50.72.37 00:27, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

Declined - the source is a newsgroup posting and this text is verbatim from that post. Newsgroup posts are not reliable sources. Please write it in your own words and provide reliable sources. Baseball,Baby! balls•strikes 00:42, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Air Force (game)

[edit] Pretties by Scott Westerfeld

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[edit] Sources

4.227.97.195 00:30, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Pheromonia

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Image:Img8.picsplace.to/img8/20/PHEROMONIA.jpg

[edit] Lineup

Lt. Black Dawn : Vocals Souless : Guitar Draven : Bass Kaos : Drums

[edit] Description

An experimental death metal band from central New Jersey. Pheromonia has recorded three songs (Govern My Solemnity, Skin, & Lust) that have been posted on both PureVolume and MySpace. A 10-song demo called Biochemistry will be recorded and produced later this year.

[edit] Sources

Elkman - (Elkspeak) 02:33, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] BEWARE of MAN BEAR PIG

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  • The proposed article previously in this section has been declined and removed from this page, since it appears to be nonsense. If this proposal was written as a test, then congratulations; your test succeeded. Please use the sandbox for further tests, or please go on and propose a real article, following the guidelines listed on the Wikipedia:Articles for creation page. --Elkman - (Elkspeak) 02:33, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Eric Hertz

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[edit] Sources

69.249.73.84 01:01, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Eric Hertz

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[edit] Sources

69.249.73.84 01:11, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Jeremy Lynch

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[edit] Sources

Jeremy Lynch is a native of Rochester, NY and is probably the funniest man alive (literally!) Summer '06 reading Completed: Guideon the Cutpurse The Idiots Guide to the Gnostic Gospels Portrait of Killer A Brief History of Time Tuesdays with Morrie


64.93.247.174 01:20, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Kara Crudo

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Once upon a time there was a lively girl with a lot of class - who loved to party hardy, always in a hotty mcgee outfit - That Kara was such a smart student with straight A grades and a fabulous pair of shoes... One day, she ordered a red-hot lover on EBAY ... and was pleasantly surprised to find her package.

Kara was slim and paired nicely with her beau. They were the hottest couple that fall - although the political atmosphere was dark and somber Kara felt sad being that happy. She deicede to limit her accessories in order to make up for her happiness that season.

Every day kara would put on her American Apparel leggings and Striped sweater she stole from her faveorite friend Tina Turnbeau.

Who wore it best? 85% say Tina 15% say Kara


[edit] Sources

67.86.107.32 01:43, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Kara Crudo

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Once upon a time there was a lively girl with a lot of class - who loved to party hardy, always in a hotty mcgee outfit - That Kara was such a smart student with straight A grades and a fabulous pair of shoes... One day, she ordered a red-hot lover on EBAY ... and was pleasantly surprised to find her package.

Kara was slim and paired nicely with her beau. They were the hottest couple that fall - although the political atmosphere was dark and somber Kara felt sad being that happy. She deicede to limit her accessories in order to make up for her happiness that season.

Every day kara would put on her American Apparel leggings and Striped sweater she stole from her faveorite friend Tina Turnbeau.

Who wore it best? 85% say kara 15% say maggie sue


[edit] Sources

67.86.107.32 01:44, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Benjamin Choong

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Benjamin Choong

Born January 1, 1992, he is a respectable member of the Highvale Secondary College community.

He is considered by many to be a tennis child prodigy; dubbed to be the next new, exciting young talent. His origins come from Malaysia but he was born, raised and educated in Melbourne, Australia.


[edit] Mack Park

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Historic Mack Park was the original home field of Detroit’s Negro National League baseball franchise, the Detroit Stars, and was constructed in 1914 by Joe Roesink. Mr. Roesink, a Dutchman of Jewish descent born in Grand Rapids, owned a chain of haberdasheries throughout the Detroit area and built the facility to house the semi-professional baseball team that he sponsored.

The park, situated on Detroit’s eastside about four miles from downtown, was located at the southeast corner of Mack and Fairview avenues, hence the name. However, the park was not in the eastside African American neighbor of Paradise Valley that was a short distance away along Hastings Street; it was located in the heart of a German working class family community.

The single decked structure, constructed of timber and tin sheeting, was built to seat 6,000 occupants; however, varying reports suggest as many as 10,000 could be packed into the stadiums wooden bleachers. The park is said to have had cozy confines, having a short right field porch and power alley. This may have artificially inflated power hitting numbers of left-handed hitters, despite the high fence in right field. The park has been called a haven for home run hitters and a nightmare for pitchers.

In 1915, the new Federal League sought to locate a franchise in Detroit and contacted Mr. Roesink about operating a franchise out of Mack Park; he stalwartly declined the offer. However, just 3 years later, in 1918, he accepted an offer from Chicago sports promoter Rube Foster to place a Negro National League franchise in the booming metropolis of Detroit and use Mack Park as its home field.

Before 1920, the Detroit Stars first season of play, the park played host to teams like the Boston Braves, New York Giants, Philadelphia Phillies, and Brooklyn Dodgers. It was common in those days for major league teams to play minor league or semi-professional teams on their off days to generate additional revenue.

In July of 1929, the Kansas City Monarchs were in Detroit to play a doubleheader with the Stars. Two days of heavy rain left the ball field with standing water and threatened to postpone the game. Mr. Roesink, working with the grounds crew, ordered gasoline to be spread on the field for eventual ignition to dry out the field and save the game from cancellation. After dispersing as much gasoline as they needed, the grounds crew stored the spare cans of petrol below the wooden bleachers. It is thought that an errantly discarded cigarette butt accidentally and prematurely ignited the gasoline on the field and the flames quickly spread to the storage area, resulting in a raging fire that engulfed the wooden structure. No one was killed in the blaze; however, 106 to 222 were reported injured when the grandstand area collapsed.

The Stars finished the season at Hamtramck Stadium which is located where Keyworth Stadium is, situated between Gallagher, Roosevelt, Jacob, and Conant streets in Hamtramck. The last season of play saw the Stars playing games at Dequindre Park, located on Dequindre , two blocks north of Davison Rd in Hamtramck. That park has also been called Linton Field, or Cubs Park.


Mack Park was eventually rebuilt for Detroit Southeastern High School’s baseball team. The school is located just south of the facility on Goethe and Fairview Streets. During a 1960s revitalization effort by the federal government, Mack Park was flattened to make way for a senior citizens complex that is called Fairview Homes.



[edit] Sources

[1]

[2]

[3]


70.236.162.247 01:50, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

  • Article created. Thank you for your contribution to Wikipedia! --Elkman - (Elkspeak) 02:39, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Avenger Boats

[edit] ATX Sluggaz

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→ your name An underground gang in Austin Texas. They started off small but soon as the namn got out on the streets success was right around the corner. The ATX Sluggaz pla to take over the south of the Austin Texas area. So far they are up to 50 men strong (not including females) An original member of the group namn Fabian Limon came up with the namn of the group but is not the leader of the group. their is no leader everybody gets treated equally.


[edit] Sources

www.myspace.com/yelluhguhl09.com


70.112.200.241 02:13, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Wojtek Gil

[edit] Untitled submission

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O.B.G.Kitchener blood gang.

[edit] Sources

64.230.103.124 02:54, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

[edit] Lucas Podolski

[edit] Kid Elrick

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[edit] Sources


70.56.253.223 04:45, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


[edit] Imperial Schrade

[edit] from the bay

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[edit] Sources

24.6.211.191 05:20, 26 August 2006 (UTC)


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