United Nations Security Council Resolution 435

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International opposition to Apartheid in South Africa

Campaigns
Disinvestment · Academic boycott Constructive engagement
Instruments and legislation
UN Resolution 1761 (1962) Crime of Apartheid Convention (1973) Gleneagles Agreement (1977) Sullivan Principles (1977) Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act (1986)
Organisations
Anti-Apartheid Movement UN Special Committee against Apartheid Artists United Against Apartheid Halt All Racist Tours Organisation of African Unity
Conferences
1964 Conference for Economic Sanctions 1978 World Conference against Racism
United Nations Security Council Resolutions
Resolution 181 Resolution 191 Resolution 282 Resolution 418 Resolution 435 Resolution 591
Other aspects
Elimination of Racism Day Biko (song) · Activists Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute
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Adopted on September 29, 1978, this resolution^[1] put forward proposals for a cease-fire and UN-supervised elections in South Africa controlled South-West Africa which ultimately led to the independence of Namibia. Importantly, it established the United Nations Transition Assistance Group (UNTAG) which oversaw the election and the South African withdrawal.

One of the subsequent shortcomings of the resolution was that it did not mention the paramilitary Koevoet force, which came into being after the resolution was passed. This unit, which was considered a stumbling block for free elections in Namibia, was eventually disbanded on October 31, 1989 — the last possible day before the November election.

On December 22, 1988 South Africa agreed to implement the resolution upon its signature of the New York Accords at UN headquarters.