Timeline of Belgrade history

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**Timeline of Belgrade history**
Vinča Culture 4800 B.C.	Vinča culture is born in what is today Belgrade's suburb of Vinča. Within the coming two millennia it evolves into a dominant neolithic culture in Europe, especially influencing the Balkans. Sometimes this era is called the First Golden Age of Belgrade. By 3000 B.C. Vinča culture disperses into several sub-cultures.
Celtic rule 269 BC	Scordisci Celts founded the city of Singidūn on the site of a previous Greek settlement. Illyrian and Thracian presence is also documented
Roman rule 1st–5th century	The Romans colonize the area, romanizing the city's name into Singidunum. By 91: Roman military camp of Domitian's IV Flavia Felix legion is placed in the city. IV century: Singidunum becomes a free Roman colony. 395 A.D.: The city falls under Byzantine influence.
Iranian/ Germanic/ Hunnic invasions 5th century	441: The Huns destroy the city. Atilla resides in the city. 450: Sarmatians are holding Singidunum. 470: The Ostrogoths expel the Sarmatians. 476: Western Roman Empire collapses. The city becomes a border-town towards the hostile Germanic tribes. 488: The Gepids conquer Singidunum. 504: The Goths capture it again.
Byzantine/ Frankish rule/ Serbian arrival 6–9th centuries	510: A peace treaty handed over the city to the Byzantine Empire. 535: Byzantine emperor Justinian I rebuilds Singidunum. 584: The Avars conquer and sack it. 592: Byzantine Empire regains the city. 7th century: The Avars destroy it again. 630: The Slavs/Serbs conquer Singidunum.
Byzantine/ Hungarian/ Bulgarian rule 9th–11th centuries	827: The Bulgarians control the fortress.The city is called Alba Bulgarica. Frankish Empire annexes Taurunum, today's northern Belgrade. 878: First known written record of the Slavic name "Beograd". 896: Army of Hungarians attack Belgrade. 971: Byzantine Empire conquers Belgrade. after 976: The city is taken by Samuil of Bulgaria. 1018: Emperor Basil II regains Belgrade for the Byzantine Empire. Occasional clashes with Hungary. 1072: Belgrade was retaken by Byzantine Empire. 1096: The city was destroyed by Hungarians, but the Byzantine Empire remained in control of it.
Hungarian/Byzantine rule 11th–12th centuries	1096–1189: The Crusaders are passing through Belgrade. 1127: Hungarian king Stefan II destroys Belgrade and used the obtained stones to build a fortress in Zemun. 1154: Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus destroys Zemun and takes the stones back to rebuild Belgrade. 1182: Hungary attack and sacked the city. 1185: Byzantine Empire regained it by diplomacy. 1230: Belgrade belongs to Bulgaria. 1232: The city become part of Hungary.
Serbian rule 13th century	1284: The Serbian king Stefan Dragutin take Belgrade from Hungary; this is the first time that Belgrade comes under Serbian rule. 1316: Stefan Milutin takes Belgrade from his brother by force. 1319: The Hungarians deprive King Milutin of the city. 1382: The Horvat brothers capture Belgrade. 1386: Hungary regains it. 1403: Stefan Lazarević establishes Belgrade as the capital of the Serbian Despotate.
Hungarian rule 14th–16th centuries	1427: Hungarians claim Belgrade from Đurađ Branković. 1440: The Ottoman Empire attacks Belgrade. The city endures the siege following heavy destruction. 1456: Sultan Mehmed II besieges Belgrade but fails to capture it.
Ottoman/Austrian rule 16th–19th centuries	1521: Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent conquers Belgrade. 1688: Duke Maximilian of Bavaria captures the city. 1690: The Ottomans capture Belgrade anew. 1717: Prince Eugene of Savoy captures the city. 1723–1736: Construction of the Kalemegdan fortress by Nicolas Doxat de Démoret. 18 September 1739: The Treaty of Belgrade between Austria and the Ottomans returns Belgrade to the Ottoman Empire. 1789: Marshal Ernst Gideon von Laudon captures the city. August 4, 1791: The Treaty of Sistova returns Belgrade to the Ottomans.
Serbian rule 1804–1914	1806: Karađorđe captures Belgrade and makes it the capital of Serbia. 1808: First Serbian Academy, the Great School, is established. 1813: The Ottomans reconquer the city. 1815: Miloš Obrenović started the Second Serbian Uprising and conquered Belgrade. 1830: Mahmud II proclaimed charter on Serbian autonomy. 1831: First printing works established. 1835: The first newspaper (Novine srbske—"Serbian Newspaper") published. 1840: The first post office in Belgrade. 1841: Belgrade became the capital of the Principality of Serbia under Knez Mihailo Obrenović. 1844: The National Museum of Serbia established. 1855: First telegraph line in Serbia, Belgrade–Aleksinac, established. 1862: After the conflict at Čukur česma, Belgrade was bombarded from the Kalemegdan fortress. 1867: In Kalemegdan, the Ottoman commander of the fortress Ali Riza Pasha handed over the keys of Belgrade to Knez Mihailo Obrenović. 1878: The Berlin Congress recognized the independence of Serbia in the Treaty of Berlin. 1882: Belgrade is the capital of the Kingdom of Serbia. 1883: The first telephone lines in Belgrade. 1884: Railway stations and a railway bridge over Sava is constructed (and still in use). 1892: The first modern water supply. 1893: Electrification of the city. 1894: The first electric tramway. 1903: In a coup d'état in May, King Aleksandar Obrenović is assassinated, and King Petar I Karađorđević ascends the throne of Serbia. 1914: Austrians bombard and capture Belgrade. 1914: The Serbs recapture it.
Austro-Hungarian rule 1915–18	1915: German and Austrian troops led by August von Mackensen captured Belgrade. Colonel Dragutin Gavrilović sacrifices the entire legion for the city. 1918: The Serbs, with help of allies, recapture it.
Yugoslav Kingdom 1918–1941	December 1, 1918: Belgrade becomes the capital of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. 1923: Paris–Budapest air line extended to Belgrade. 1927: Belgrade Airport opened. January 6, 1929: King Aleksandar Karađorđević dissolved the National Assembly and started his dictatorship. Belgrade becomes the capital of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. 1929: Radio Belgrade started broadcasting. 1935: The first bridge over the Danube, the Pančevački most (Bridge of Pančevo) is built. 1937: Belgrade Fair opened. March 27, 1941: Huge protests against joining the Axis. April 6, 1941: Nazi Germany bombs Belgrade.
Nazi/Croatian rule	April 12, 1941: Nazi Germany and Independent State of Croatia occupy Belgrade. 1944: American and other Allies bomb Nazi military objects in Belgrade. October 20, 1944: Belgrade liberated from the Nazis by the Soviet Red Army and the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia; new communist government starts arresting and executing political opponents en masse and mobilizing Belgrade youth.
Yugoslav Republic 1945–1991	November 29, 1945: The Constitutional Assembly proclaimed the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. 1945: Monarchy was abolished and Josip Broz Tito started to rule officially. 1946: Industries nationalised. 1948: Large number of regime opponents arrested and sentenced to hard labour. 1950: Government introduced selfmanagement of the industry by the employees. 1958: TV Belgrade started broadcasting. 1961: The first Conference of Non-Aligned Movement held in Belgrade. 1967: The first BITEF held. 1968: Students' protests in Belgrade. 1969: Beograđanka, one of the tallests buildings in the city built. 1971: E75 highway through Belgrade and Gazela (Gaselle) bridge built. 1971: The first FEST held. 1972: 1972 outbreak of smallpox in Yugoslavia. 1974: New Constitution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia adopted. 1977–1978: The Conference of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe held in Belgrade. 1979: Annual meetings of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Monetary Fund held in Belgrade. 1980: 21st General Assembly of UNESCO held in Belgrade. 1983: Annual Conference of UNCTAD held in Belgrade. 1988: First meeting of the ministers of foreign affairs of the Balkan States. March 9, 1991: Around 100.000 people demonstrate against the regime of Slobodan Milošević. One protester and one policeman are killed. Police and army tanks on the streets of Belgrade.
Second Yugoslav Republic 1992–2003	April 27, 1992: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia proclaimed. May 30, 1992: The UN Security Council imposed economic embargo on Yugoslavia. 1993: The highest hyperinflation in the history struck Belgrade, bringing many citizens to the limits of existence. January 24, 1994: The end of the hyperinflation. 1995: Underground railway station "Vukov spomenik" opened. Similar to the RER of Paris, this is to become the first station of Belgrade metro. 1996: Mass protests after cancelling of local elections. 1997: First non-communist city government since 1944. 1999: Belgrade was bombed by NATO. October 5, 2000: Slobodan Milošević removed from power after huge protests in Belgrade.
Serbia and Montenegro 2003–2006	February 4, 2003: Federal Republic of Yugoslavia changed into Serbia and Montenegro. January 10, 2005: The organization of the 2009 Summer Universiade is awarded to Belgrade.
Independent Serbia	June 6, 2006: Belgrade becomes the capital of independent Serbia. 2006: Belgrade proclaimed City of Future of South Europe by fDi Magazine, a Financial Times publication.

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Categories: City timelines | History of Belgrade

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