RHO protein GDP dissociation inhibitor

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RHO protein GDP dissociation inhibitor
Identifiers
Symbol	Rho_GDI
Pfam	PF02115
InterPro	IPR000406
SCOP	1rho
OPM family	99
OPM protein	1qvy
Available PDB structures: 1ds6B:23-201 1gdf :60-204 1ajw :60-204 1doaB:1-204 1qvyC:67-204 2bxwA:67-204 1ft3B:67-204 1rhoA:59-203 1cc0F:1-204 1fstB:24-204 1ft0A:67-204 1hh4D:1-204 1fsoA:67-204 1kmtB:67-204

RHO protein GDP dissociation inhibitor for Rho proteins, regulates GDP/GTP exchange.

The protein plays an important role in the activation of the superoxide (O2-)-generating NADPH oxidase of phagocytes. This process requires the interaction of membrane-associated cytochrome b559 with 3 cytosolic components: p47-phox, p67-phox and a heterodimer of the small G-protein p21rac1 and rho GDI^[1]. The association of p21rac and GDI inhibits dissociation of GDP from p21rac, thereby maintaining it in an inactive form. The proteins are attached via a lipid tail on p21rac that binds to the hydrophobic region of GDI^[2]. Dissociation of these proteins might be mediated by the release of lipids (e.g., arachidonate and phosphatidate) from membranes through the action of phospholipases^[2]. The lipids may then compete with the lipid tail on p21rac for the hydrophobic pocket on GDI.

[edit] Human proteins containing this domain

ARHGDIA; ARHGDIB; ARHGDIG;

[edit] References

^ Pick E, Gorzalczany Y, Engel S (1993). "Role of the rac1 p21-GDP-dissociation inhibitor for rho heterodimer in the activation of the superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase of macrophages". Eur. J. Biochem. 217 (1): 441–455. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18264.x. PMID 8223583.
^ ^a ^b Segal AW (1996). "The NADPH oxidase and chronic granulomatous disease". Mol. Med. Today (Regul. Ed.) 2 (3): 129–135. doi:10.1016/1357-4310(96)88723-5. PMID 8796870.