Pseudobulbar palsy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pseudobulbar palsy Classification and external resources
ICD-9	335.23
DiseasesDB	10826
MeSH	D020828

Pseudobulbar palsy is bilateral impairment of the function of the lower cranial nerves 9, 10, 11 and 12 due to upper motor neuron lesion of the bulbar muscles from lesions of the corticobulbar pathways in the pyramidal tract.

Contents 1 Causes 2 Symptoms 3 Signs 4 See also 5 External links

[edit] Causes

• Vascular causes: Bilateral hemisphere infarction
• Degenerative disorders: motor neuron disease
• Inflammatory disorders: Multiple sclerosis
• Malignancy: High brain stem tumors

[edit] Symptoms

These include:

• Dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing)
• Labile affect
• Dysarthria

[edit] Signs

These include:

• Speech is slow, thick and indistinct
• Gag reflex is normal or exaggerated
• Tongue is small, stiff and spastic
• Jaw jerk is brisk
• There may be upper motor neurone lesion of the limbs.

Bulbar palsy is a similar disorder but is caused by lower motor neurone lesions

[edit] See also

• Corticobulbar tract
• Bulbar palsy

[edit] External links

• 248512525 at GPnotebook - "pseudobulbar palsy"
• 456458269 at GPnotebook - "comparison of bulbar and pseudobulbar palsy"
• eNotes

v • d • e Pathology of the nervous system, primarily CNS (G00-G47, 320-349) Inflammatory diseases of the CNS Meningitis (Arachnoiditis) - Encephalitis - Myelitis - Encephalomyelitis (Acute disseminated) - Tropical spastic paraparesis - Cavernous sinus thrombosis Systemic atrophies primarily affecting the CNS Huntington's Spinocerebellar ataxia (Friedreich's ataxia, Ataxia telangiectasia, Hereditary spastic paraplegia) Spinal muscular atrophy: Werdnig-Hoffman - Kugelberg-Welander - Fazio Londe - MND (ALS, PMA, PBP, PP, PLS) Extrapyramidal and movement disorders Parkinson's disease - Neuroleptic malignant syndrome - Postencephalitic parkinsonism - Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration - Progressive supranuclear palsy - Striatonigral degeneration Dystonia/Dyskinesia (Spasmodic torticollis, Meige's, Blepharospasm) Essential tremor - Myoclonus - Lafora Chorea (Choreoathetosis) - Restless legs - Stiff person Other degenerative/ demyelinating diseases dementia: Alzheimer's - Pick's - Dementia with Lewy bodies - Frontotemporal lobar degeneration mitochondrial disease: Leigh's demyelinating: Multiple sclerosis - Devic's - Central pontine myelinolysis - Transverse myelitis - Marchiafava-Bignami disease - CAMFAK syndrome - Alpers' Seizure/epilepsy Focal (Simple partial, Complex partial) - Generalised (Tonic-clonic, Absence, Atonic, Benign familial neonatal) Lennox-Gastaut - West - Epilepsia partialis continua - Status epilepticus (Complex partial status epilepticus) Headache Migraine (Familial hemiplegic) - Cluster - Vascular - Tension Vascular Transient ischemic attack (Amaurosis fugax, Transient global amnesia) Cerebrovascular disease (MCA, ACA, PCA, Foville's, Millard-Gubler, Lateral medullary, Weber's, Lacunar stroke) Sleep disorders Insomnia - Hypersomnia - Sleep apnea (Ondine's curse) - Narcolepsy - Cataplexy - Kleine-Levin - Circadian rhythm sleep - Delayed sleep phase - Advanced sleep phase Intracranial hypertension Hydrocephalus (Normal pressure) - Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Other encephalopathy Brain herniation - Cerebral edema - Reye's Other spinal cord disease Syringomyelia - Syringobulbia - Morvan's syndrome - Spinal cord compression