Philip of Poitou
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| Denomination | Catholic |
|---|---|
| Senior posting | |
| See | Diocese of Durham |
| Title | Bishop of Durham |
| Period in office | 1195–1208 |
| Predecessor | Hugh de Puiset |
| Successor | Richard Poore |
| Religious career | |
| Previous post | Archdeacon of Canterbury |
| Personal | |
| Date of death | April 22, 1208 |
Philip of Poitou (sometimes Philip of Poitiers) (d. 22 April 1208) was Prince-Bishop of Durham from 1197 to 1208, and prior to this Archdeacon of Canterbury.
Contents |
[edit] Life
His origins and early life are unknown, though it is believed he may have had a university education. The first records of him are in 1191, when he was accompanying Richard I on the Third Crusade, in documents relating to Richard's marriage on Cyprus.[1] Philip was with Richard's party when the king was captured in Germany.[2] He was appointed Archdeacon of Canterbury prior to March of 1194 by Richard I, having previously a royal clerk.[3] An attempt was made to appoint him as Dean of York, but political factors prevented this.[1]
Philip was appointed as Bishop of Durham in November of 1195. He was formally elected by the chapter in January of 1196.[4] The pope confirmed the election on April 13, 1196 and he was ordained a priest on June 15, 1196.[1] On 20 April 1197 he was finally consecrated as bishop,[4] by the pope in Rome. Prior to his consecration, he obtained a license to operate a mint in Durham, and installed his nephew Aimeric (or Aimery) as the Archdeacon of both Durham and Carlisle.[1]
Philip, along with Wiliam de Rupierre, Bishop of Lisieux, went to Rome in the early part of 1197 to argue before Pope Celestine III about contested lands in France.[5] In was in the course of this successful negotiation that the pope consecrated him as bishop.[1] In 1198 Philip was sent to Germany to attend the election of a successor to Emperor Henry VI.[6]
He was present at the coronation of King John in 1199, and attempted to protest the fact that the coronation took place without the Archbishop of York. After the coronation he was employed by John on diplomacy with Scotland.[1] In 1201 he went on pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela.[7] After his return, he was involved in the resolution of the dower rights of Richard's queen, Berengaria of Navarre, but afterwards was not at the king's court for almost three years.[1]
In 1207, Philip quarrelled with King John over the right of John to tax tenants of the Church. Philip denied that John had such a right,[8] but, along with Archbishop Geoffrey of York, had his lands confiscated. Both Geoffrey and Philip went to the court of the king, and begged to be forgiven.[9] Philip had to pay a fine for forgiveness.[8]
As bishop, he quarreled with the monks of his church over the right of the bishop to name clergy to serve churches. At one point, the monks were besieged in the cathedral, and the prior of the monks was excommunicated. Some sources blame the bishop's nephew Aimeric for fanning the flames of the quarrel, but Philip also violently disputed the monks' side. Eventually a settlement was reached.[1]
He died on April 22, 1208.[4][10] It is said the monks refused him a Christian burial, his body ending up in an obscure grave with no religious ceremony. However, his gravestone is recorded in the chapter-house.[1]
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Snape "Poitou, Philip of (d. 1208)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
- ^ Gillingham Richard I p. 232
- ^ British History Online Archdeacons of Canterbury accessed on October 25, 2007
- ^ a b c Fryde Handbook of British Chronology p. 241
- ^ Powicke Loss of Normandy p. 115
- ^ Gillingham Richard I p. 311
- ^ Bartlett England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings p. 473
- ^ a b Warren King John p. 149-150
- ^ Warren King John p. 191
- ^ British History Online Bishops of Durham accessed on October 25, 2007
[edit] References
- British History Online Bishops of Durham accessed on October 25, 2007
- British History Online Archdeacons of Canterbury accessed on October 25, 2007</ref>
- Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). Handbook of British Chronology, Third Edition, revised, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56350-X.
- Gillingham, John Richard I New Haven:Yale University Press 1999 ISBN 0-300-07912-5
- Powicke, Sir Maurice The Loss of Normandy 1189-1204: Studies in the History of the Angevin Kingdom Second Edition Manchester UK: Manchester University Press 1960 ISBN 0-7190-5740-X
- Snape, M. G. "Poitou, Philip of (d. 1208)" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press, 2004 Online Edition accessed January 23, 2008
- Warren, W. L. King John Berkeley:University of California Press 1978 ISBN 0-520-03643-3
| Roman Catholic Church titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Hugh de Puiset |
Bishop of Durham 1195–1208 |
Succeeded by Richard Poore |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Philip of Poitou |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Philip of Poitiers |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Bishop of Durham; Archdeacon of Canterbury |
| DATE OF BIRTH | |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 22, 1208 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | |
