Peter des Roches
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| Peter des Roches | |
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Chief Justiciar of England
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| In office 1213 – c.1215 |
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| Monarch | John Henry III |
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| Preceded by | Geoffrey Fitz Peter |
| Succeeded by | Hubert de Burgh |
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| Died | June 9, 1238 |
| Occupation | Bishop |
| Profession | clergy |
| Religion | Catholic |
| Peter des Roches | |
| Bishop of Winchester | |
| See | Diocese of Winchester |
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| Enthroned | 1205 |
| Ended | 1238 |
| Predecessor | Richard Poore |
| Successor | Ralph Neville |
| Other | Precentor of Lincoln Archdeacon of Poitiers |
| Died | June 9, 1238 |
| Denomination | Catholic |
Peter des Roches (died 1238) was bishop of Winchester in the reigns of John of England and his son Henry III. Roches was not an Englishman, but a Poitevin.
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[edit] Life
Towards the end of Richard I's reign, Roches became Lord Chamberlain and an influential counsellor. He held the ecclesiastical offices of Archdeacon of Poitiers, treasurer of Poitiers, and was a precentor of the diocese of Lincoln in 1204.[1]
In early 1205, through John's influence, he was elected to the see of Winchester.[2] His election was disputed but, on appeal, confirmed on September 25, 1205 by Pope Innocent III[3] who honored Roches by consecrating him in person on March 24, 1206.[2] Nonetheless, the new bishop stood by John's side during the whole period of the papal interdict set upon him due to the death of his nephew Arthur I, Duke of Brittany.
In 1213 Roches was made Chief Justiciar in succession to Geoffrey Fitz Peter.[4] This promotion was justified by the fidelity with which Roches supported the king through the First Barons' War. However, by 1215, Hubert de Burgh was Chief Justiciar.[4]
At the battle of Lincoln in 1217 the bishop led a division of the royal army and earned some distinction by his valour; but he played a secondary part in the government so long as William Marshal held the regency. After Marshal's death in 1219 Roches led the baronial opposition to Hubert de Burgh, with varying success. At first the justiciar was successful.
The bishop was responsible for founding several monasteries in England and France, including Titchfield Abbey and Netley Abbey, both in Hampshire, England, and La Clarté-Dieu in Poitou, France.
[edit] See also
[edit] Notes
- ^ British History Online Precentors of Lincoln accessed on November 2, 2007
- ^ a b c Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 258
- ^ British History Online Bishops of Winchester accessed on November 2, 2007
- ^ a b Powicke Handbook of British Chronology p. 70
[edit] References
- This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
- British History Online Bishops of Winchester accessed on November 2, 2007
- British History Online Precentors of Lincoln accessed on November 2, 2007
- Powicke, F. Maurice and E. B. Fryde Handbook of British Chronology 2nd. ed. London:Royal Historical Society 1961
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Geoffrey Fitz Peter |
Chief Justiciar 1213–c1215 |
Succeeded by Hubert de Burgh |
| Religious titles | ||
| Preceded by Richard Poore |
Bishop of Winchester 1205–1238 |
Succeeded by Ralph Neville |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| NAME | Peter des Roches |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | |
| SHORT DESCRIPTION | Bishop of Winchester; Chief Justiciar of England |
| DATE OF BIRTH | |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 9, 1238 |
| PLACE OF DEATH | |
