Nha Trang Air Base
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| Nha Trang Air Base
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| IATA: NHA – ICAO: VVNT
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| Summary | |||
| Elevation AMSL | 20 ft / 6 m | ||
| Runways | |||
| Direction | Length | Surface | |
| ft | m | ||
| 12/30 | 6,400 | 1,951 | Asphalt |
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Nha Trang Air Base (1955-1975) was a Republic of Vietnam Air Force Force (VNAF) facility. It is located near the city of Nha Trang within Khanh Hoa Province in Central Southern Vietnam along the South China Sea. The United States used it as a major base during the Vietnam War (1959-1975), stationing Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine units there.
The APO for Nha Trang Air Base was APO San Francisco, 96240
After 30 April 1975, the facility was used by the North Vietnamese Air Force (Khong Quan Nhan Dan Viet Nam) and also as a civil airport. Today the facility is closed with all civil airline traffic being routed to the new facility at Cam Ranh Airport.
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[edit] Origns
Nha Trang Air Base was built by the French in 1949. It was then known as Base Aerienne 194 (BA 194). By mid-1951 Nha Trang was the center for the Air Force Military Training School, and graduated the first 15 student pilot class in March 1952. Before this time, early pilot training for Vietnamese personnel was conducted in French flying schools in France, Algeria, and Morocco.
In 1951, the first table of organization of the Vietnamese Armée de l'Air (VALA) (Air Department) listed Ton Son Nhut and Nha Trang Air Bases as the VALA operational bases, with its headquarters in Saigon. Aircraft assigned to the Air Force Military Training School were some Morane-Saulnier 500s (built in Nazi-controlled Vichy France), an ex-Luftwaffe Junkers Ju 52 along with a C-47.
On 15 December 1952 the training facility was redesignated the Air Instruction Center for VNAF use. Nha Trang was well situated for flight training, not only because of the scarcity of other flying fields, but also for its east central coastal climate and excellent flying weather. This location also had ideal terrain features, which included level around, mountains to the west, and the sea to the east, all considered good for tactical flight training.
[edit] SVNAF Use of Nha Trang Air Base
On 1 July 1955, the day the South Vietnamese Air Force was established, Nha Trang was one of its four original bases, along with Tourane Air Base, Bien Hoa Air Base, and Tan Son Nhut Air Base. Along with the training school, the 2d Group Artillery Squadron (GAO) (M.S. 500s), and Combat Liaison Tactical Squadron were its active units.
On 7 July 1955 the training facility at Nha Trang became Tactical Base No. 1. The two elements -base and training- were combined in September 1957, and the facility was designated Nha Trang Air Training Base.
The next significant flying unit to be formed there was the 2d Fighter Squadron in 1961 with North American T-28 Trojan fighter-bombers. However, VNAF flight training gradually came under the influence of the U.S. Military Assistance Program, and in January 1962 flight training was moved from the Air Training Center at Nha Trang to the United States, leaving only the technical and military schools at the base.
By September 1962, the USAF had dispatched a training team to Nha Trang to instruct VNAF personnel in the maintenance of the Cessna U-17 "Skywagon" in preparation for restarting flight training there. Vietnamese instructors graduated in classes in July 1963 and gradually replaced USAF personnel as flight trainers.
A Communications and Electronics School was established at Nha Trang in 1964, and by October 1965 the functions of the Air Training Center and those of combat and support were again separated. The VNAF 62d Wing took over the latter functions when it moved from Nha Trang from Pleiku Air Base in January 1965.
In the years that followed, Nha Trang Air Base became totally saturated by USAF joint occupancy, with tactical air units and other VNAF organizations. To alleviate some of the air traffic problems at Nha Trang, a 3,300 ft (1006 m) airstrip at Duc My, 22 miles (35 km) to the north-northwest, was built and became an auxiliary training field to the SVNAF Air Training Center.
[edit] June 1974 Table Of Organization
The South Vietnamese Air Force used the airfield at Nha Trang as the headquarters of the VNAF 2d Air Division. Nha Trang was also the a training center for the South Vietnamese Air Force, providing basic flight training to aviation cadets.
62d Tactical Wing
- 114th Liaison Squadron Cessna O-1A, U-17
- 215th/219th Helicopter Squadron Bell UH-1D
- Det C 259th Helicopter Squadron Bell UH-1H (Medevac)
- 817th Attack Squadron AC-47D
- 524th/548th Fighter Squadron A-37B
Air Training Center
- 918th Air Training Squadron T-41
[edit] Other Known VNAF Units At Nha Trang AB
- 12th Tactical Wing (1963)
- 516th Fighter Squadron (T-28)
- 114th Observation Squadron (O-1, U-17)
- 62d Tactical Wing (1965)
- 524th Fighter Squadron (A-1,A-37)
- 215th Helicopter Squadron (UH-1)
Vietnamese Air Force Unit Patches At Nha Trang Air Base
[edit] American Units At Nha Trang Air Base
The USAF forces stationed there were under the command of the United States Pacific Air Forces (PACAF) Seventh Air Force.
[edit] 14th Air Commando/Special Operations Wing
The 14th Air Commando Wing was activated at Nha Trang AB on 8 March 1966. On 1 August 1968 it was renamed the 14th Special Operations Wing and was the host unit at the base until 30 September 1971.
Operational squadrons at Nha Trang were:
- 1st Air Commando Squadron 8 March 1966 - 20 December 1967 (A-1E Tail Code: EC)
- 4th Special Operations Squadron 8 March 1966 - 14 October 1969 (AC-47D Tail Code: EN)
- Also operated out of Phan Rang Air Base.
- 5th Special Operations Squadron 8 March 1966 - 15 October 1969 (C-47D, SC-47D, U10A/B Tail Code: EO)
- 6th Air Commando Squadron 8 March 1966 - July 1968
- moved to Pleiku Air Base during July 1968 and redesignated 6th SOS.
- 20th Special Operations Squadron 8 March 1966 - 14 October 1969 (CH-3, UH-1)
- Transferred to Tuy Hoa Air Base 14 October 1969 performing combat operations.
- 604th Special Operations Squadron 15 November 1967 - 14 October 1969 replaced 602d and transferred to Phan Rang Air Base on 14 October 1969
- 9th Special Operations Squadron 25 January 1967 - 14 October 1969 (O-2B, C-47D Tail Code: ER)
- 14th Air Commando Squadron 25 October 1967 - 1 May 1968 (AC-47D)
- Replaced by: 3d Special Operations Squadron 1 May 1968 - 15 September 1969 (AC-47D Tail Code: EL)
- 6th Air Commando Squadron 29 February 1968 - 15 July 1968 (A-1E/H Tail Code: ET)
- 3d Special Operations Squadron 1 May 1968 - 15 September 1969 (AC-47D Tail Code: EL)
- 71st Special Operations Squadron 20 December 1968 - 10 June 1969 (AC-119)
- Part of the Indiana Air National Guard. In South Vietnam, the squadron performed combat gunship, forward air control, and other special operations. Deactivated and transferred to Bakalar AFB, Indiana to resume reserve training.
- 15 Air Commando Squadron 15 March 1968 - 14 October 1969 (C-130)
- 17 Special Operations Squadron 1 June 1969 - 14 October 1969 (AC-119)
- 18 Special Operations Squadron 1 October 1969 - 14 October 1969 (AC-119)
- The 15th ACS, 17th, and 18th SOS transferred to Phan Rang Air Base on 14 October 1969 performing combat and combat rescue operations.
The 21st Tactical Air Support Squadron (TASS) was relocated from Pleiku Air Base in September 1966 where it was attached to the 14th Air Commando Wing under the 505th Tactical Air Control Group. On 8 December 1966, the 505th was re-designated the 504th The headquarters for the squadron remained at Nha Trang until October 1969 when it was transferred to Cam Ranh Air Base.
From 15 October 1969 through 30 September 1971 the 14th SOW also operated and conducted missions from Phan Rang Air Base.
The Wing provided maintenance support for a number of tenants. Trained South Vietnamese Air Force (VNAF) personnel in AC-119 operations and maintenance, Feb-Aug 1971, and transferred some of its AC-119s to the South Vietnamese Air Force during August and September 1971 as part of a phase-down for inactivation.
 Fairchild AC-119G "Shadow" gunship Serial 53-3178 17th Special Operations Squadron - 1969. Sold to South Vietnamese Air Force in 1971. |
 Douglas AC-47B-30-DK "Spooky" gunship Serial 44-76625 of the 4th Special Operations Squadron- March 1969 |
Other Aircraft flown by the 14th SOW were: AC-130A, A-1E/G, O-2
[edit] Emblems Of USAF Units At Nha Trang Air Base
 Emblem of the 14th Special Operations Wing |
 Pacific Air Forces |
 7th Air Force |
[edit] Capture Of Nha Trang Air Base
In early 1975 North Vietnam realized the time was right to achieve its goal of re-uniting Vietnam under communist rule, launched a series of small ground attacks to test U.S. reaction.
On 8 January the North Vietnamese Politburo ordered a major People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) offensive to "liberate" South Vietnam by NVA cross-border invasion. The NVA general staff plan for the invasion of South Vietnam called for 20 divisions, because, by 1975, the Soviet-supplied North Vietnamese Army was the fifth largest in the world. It anticipated a two year struggle for victory.
By 14 March, South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu decided to abandon the Central Highlands region and two northern provinces of South Vietnam and ordered a general withdrawal of ARVN forces from those areas. Instead of an orderly withdrawal, it turned into a general retreat, with masses of military and civilians fleeing, clogging roads and creating chaos.
Thousands of refugees believed Nha Trang to be a safe haven, however by 1 April, the general panic of the retreat reached the cities of Qui Nhon, Tuy Hoa and Nha Trang. These areas were abandoned by the South Vietnamese Army, yielding the entire northern half of South Vietnam to the North Vietnamese.
Some, but not all SVNAF aircraft at Nha Trang Air Base were flown south to Bien Hoa, abandoning the base to the North Vietnamese.
[edit] See also
- Republic Of Vietnam Air Force
- United States Air Force In South Vietnam
- United States Pacific Air Forces
- Seventh Air Force
[edit] References
- Endicott, Judy G. (1999) Active Air Force wings as of 1 October 1995; USAF active flying, space, and missile squadrons as of 1 October 1995. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. CD-ROM.
- Martin, Patrick (1994). Tail Code: The Complete History of USAF Tactical Aircraft Tail Code Markings. Schiffer Military Aviation History. ISBN 0887405134.
- Mesco, Jim (1987) VNAF South Vietnamese Air Force 1945-1975 Squadron/Signal Publications. ISBN 0-89747-193-8
- Mikesh, Robert C. (2005) Flying Dragons: The South Vietnamese Air Force. Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 0764321587
- Ravenstein, Charles A. (1984). Air Force Combat Wings Lineage and Honors Histories 1947-1977. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History. ISBN 0912799129.
- VNAF - The South Vietnamese Air Force 1951-1975
- USAAS-USAAC-USAAF-USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers--1908 to present
[edit] External links
- Steve Lentz's Cam Ranh and Nha Trang Pictures 1968/1969
- 71st Special Operations Squadron
- 71st SOS Life at Nha Trang; Spring 1969
- "A" Flight - Nha Trang Air Base Memorabilia
- 361st Reconnaissance Squadron
- Nha Trang - 2002
- Airport information for VVNT at World Aero Data
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