Neve Yaakov
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Neve Yaakov also Neve Ya'aqov, (Hebrew: נווה יעקב) (lit. Jacob's Oasis), is an Israeli settlement[1][2] and neighbourhood at the northeastern tip of Jerusalem. It was initially founded in 1924, largely abandoned during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and then rebuilt after the 1967 Six-Day War, where it today houses more than 30,000. Neve Yaakov is located north of Pisgat Ze'ev and south of al-Ram. Since it is located on territory annexed by Israel after the Six-Day War in 1967, it is considered an Israeli settlement by the international community[1][2] although Israel disputes this.
[edit] History
Neve Yaakov was established in 1924 on a small parcel of land purchased from the Arabs of Beit Haninah by members of the American Mizrachi movement. Hakfar Haivri Neve Yaakov (Jewish Village of Neve Ya'akov), home to 150 families, was named for the leader of the movement, Rabbi Yitzchak Yaacov Reines. [3]It was an hour's walk to the Old City, where most Jerusalem Jews lived at the time. From 1924 to 1948, Neve Yaakov and Atarot were the only Jewish settlements north of the Old City.
The village suffered from financial problems and lack of a regular water supply. After years of hauling water in buckets from a well six kilometers away, the village received a government water pipeline in 1935. Electricity was hooked up in 1939.
After years of peaceful co-existence with the surrounding Arab villagers, from whom they purchased vegetables, fruit and eggs, the inhabitants of Neve Yaakov were attacked during the 1929 Hebron massacre, and many families returned to the Old City. In the course of the Great Uprising (1936 to 1939), shots were heard from the Arab side almost every night. The British Mandate government supplied a cache of arms to defend Neve Yaakov, and members of the Zionist Haganah pre-state army moved in to guard the village and its water pipeline.
During the peaceful years from 1940 to 1947, the village operated a school that accepted students from all over the country. Children’s summer camps and convalescent facilities were opened, taking advantage of the rural atmosphere and fresh air. Veteran Jerusalem residents remember hiking to Neve Yaakov to buy fresh milk from dairy farmers.
When the Jordanian Arab Legion advanced toward Jerusalem from the north during the Israeli War of Independence in 1948, Neve Yaakov and Atarot were abandoned in the wake of advance warning that they were about to be attacked.[4]. The region was occupied by the Jordanians until 1967 until after the Six-Day War, when Israel captured the Old City and environs.
After 1967, a new Jewish neighborhood was constructed on the site of the original village, with 4,900 apartments in high-rise buildings, though because of its place outside the internationally recognised borders of Israel, it was from this point on considered by the international community to be an Israeli settlement. It was populated by Jewish immigrants from Bukhara, Georgia, Latin America, North Africa, France and Iran. In the 1990s, when large waves of Russian and Ethiopian Jews came to Israel, many settled in Neve Yaakov.
[edit] Kiryat Kamenetz
In 1982, Kiryat Kamenetz, a housing development on the eastern edge of Neve Yaakov named for the Jews of Kamenets, Poland killed in the Holocaust, was populated by young, Haredi Jewish families, many of them from English-speaking countries. In 1992, 700 new apartments were built here. By 1997, the Haredi population in this area accounted for one-quarter of the population of all of Neve Yaakov.[citation needed]
Neve Yaakov is home to two yeshivas catering to American students, Yeshivas Bais Yisroel, and Yeshivas Lev Aryeh, and dozens of synagogues.
[edit] References
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