User:Magnus Manske/Dictionary of National Biography/03

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These entries are from the public domain Dictionary of National Biography (1903). The original text is here. It is out of date and contains many OCR errors.

Note: These are only summaries, not the full text! The current DNB is available in many libraries.

[edit] Section 201

Burns: '''Burns''' Manchester; pastor at Yarmouth; studied medicine at Edinburgh: surgeon in ti militia regiment; tutor iu Poland, of which country he printed a V T iew 1807.
George Burnett: '''George Burnett''' ([[1822]]-[[1890]]), historian and heraldic author; called to Scottish bar, lsj;; Lyon depute, 1864; Lyon king-of-arms, 1866; LL.D. Edinburgh, 1884; chief work, an edition of Exchequer Rolls, 1264-1607 (1881-90).
Gilbert Thomas Burnett: '''Gilbert Thomas Burnett''' ([[1800]]-[[1835]]), professor of botany at King's College, London, 1831-5; practised medicine in London; published botanical textbooks,
James Burnett: '''James Burnett''' , Lonn MOVBODDO ([[1714]]-[[1799]]), Scottish judge; educated at Aberdeen, Edinburgh, and Grb'niugen; advocate, 1737; sheriff of Kincardine, 1764; lord of session, taking his title from his estate, 1767; visited at Monboddo by Samuel Johnson, 1773; published Origin... of Language 1773-92,Antient Metaphysics 1778-99, and law reports.
John Burnett: '''John Burnett''' ([[1729]]-[[1784]]), Aberdeen merchant ; founder of the Burnett prize.
John Burnett: '''John Burnett''' ([[1764]]7-[[1810]]), advocate, [[1785]]; sheriff of Haddington, 1803; judge-admiral of Scotland, 1810; wrote Criminal Law of Scotland
Sir William Burnett: '''Sir William Burnett''' ([[1779]]-[[1861]]), apprentice to a Montrose surgeon; naval surgeon at St. Vincent, the Nile, Trafalgar; physician to the Mediterranean fleet, 1810-13, and at Chatham, 1814; practised at Chichester, 1816 ?-22: physician-general of the navy, 1824 ?-41; knighted, 1831; patented a disinfecting fluid; published medical tracts.
Charles Burney: '''Charles Burney''' ([[1726]]-[[1814]]), musician and author; educated at Chester: taught music by his brother at Shrewsbury, 1741, and by Thomas Augustus Arne in London, 1744-7; published his first compositions, 1745-7; organist and conductor of concerts in London, 1749; organist at Lynn Hegis, 1751-60; Mus. Doc. Oxford, 1769; travelled in France, Switzerland, Italy, 1770 (publishing an account of his tour, 1771); travelled in Belgium, Holland, Germany, Austria, 1772, and published a narrative of his tour, 1773; organist at Chelsea hospital, 1783-1814; pensioned, 1806: author of musical compositions, biographies of musicians, and a History of Music, 1 1776-89.
Charles Burney: '''Charles Burney''' ([[1757]]-[[1817]]), classical scholar ; son of Charles Burney (1726-1814); educated at Charterhouse, Cains College, Cambridge, and Aberdeen; M.A., 1781; D.D. Lambeth, 1812; kept private school at Hammersmith, 1786-93, and at Greenwich, 1793-1813; rector of Cllffe, Kent, and of St. Paul's, Deptford; prebendary of Lincoln, 1817; published tracts and papers, chiefly of Greek lexicography and tragic metres. His library was bought for the British Museum,
Frances Burney: '''Frances Burney''' ([[1752]]-[[1840]]). See ARBLAY,
Madamk: '''Madamk''' i'.
James Burney: '''James Burney''' ([[1750]]-[[1821]]), captain, royal navy ; son of Charles Burney (1726-1814); entered the navy, 1764; sailed with Captain Cook on his second (1772-4) and third voyages (1775-80); captain, 1782; in the action off Cuddalore, 1783; retired; wrote Discoveries in the Pacific 1803-17; North-eastern Voyages of Discovery 1819, and some pamphlets.
Sarah Harriet Burney: '''Sarah Harriet Burney''' ([[1770]] ?-[[1844]]), novelist ; published Clarentine, 1796, and other novels later; youngest daughter of Charles Burney (1726-1814); resided in Florence, 1816-39.
John Burneyeat: '''John Burneyeat''' ([[1631]]-[[1690]]), qnaker ; a Cumberland farmer; joined the quakers, 1653; began to interrupt church services and was imprisoned, 1667; in Scotland, 1658; in Ireland, 1659; again imprisoned at Carlisle, 1660; went on circuit to Barbados, Virginia, New England, 1664-7, and travelled over the greater part : Kin-land, Wales, and Ireland, 1668-70; imprisoned in London, 1670; went to America, 1670; returned to England, 1 7:;; went finally to Ireland, r. 1676; imprisoned at Dublin, 1683: afterwards lived unmolested; published pamphlets.
Richard Burnham: '''Richard Burnham''' ([[1711]]-[[1752]]), clergyman, pog. sibly.a congregationalist; compiler of Pious Memorials,* published 1763.
Richard Burnham: '''Richard Burnham''' ([[1749]]7-[[1810]]), baptist and hymn-writer; a Wesleyan at High Wycombe; baptist pastor at Staines; preacher in London, 1780 till death.
Allan Burns: '''Allan Burns''' ([[1781]]-[[1813]]), lecturer on surgery and anatomy at Glasgow; studied medicine in Glasgow, 1795; visited Russia, 1804; published anatomical treatises,
Sir George Burns: '''Sir George Burns''' , first baronet ([[1795]]-[[1890]]), shipowner; brother of John Burns; entered partnership with his brother James as general merchant at Glasgow, c. 1818; founded, 1839, with Samuel Canard, Robert Napier (1791-1876), and others Canard Company, which obtained admiralty contract for carrying North American mails; created baronet, 1889.
Islay Burns: '''Islay Burns''' ([[1817]]-[[1872]]), theologian; educated at Aberdeen and Glasgow; D.D. Aberdeen, 1863; minister of Free St. Peter's, Dundee, 1843-64; professor in the Free Church College, Glasgow, 1864-72; wrote memoirs and works on church history.
Jabez Burns: '''Jabez Burns''' ([[1805]]-[[1876]]), temperance lecturer : a methodist; in business in Yorkshire; came to London, 1826; joined the general baptists; published his first book, 1828; pastor in Edinburgh, 1829; at Perth, 1830-6; advocate of total abstinence; pastor in Marylebone, 1835; D.D. Middletowu, 1846; baptist delegate to America, 1847; wrote sermons, devotional books, and travels.
James Burns: '''James Burns''' (17th cent.), merchant ; baillie of Glasgow. HisMemoirs of the Civil War... 1644 to 1661 are preserved in the mutilated transcript of George Crawford.
James Burns: '''James Burns''' ([[1789]]-[[1871]]), shipowner ; employed steam-power, 1824; a founder of the Cunard Company, 1839.
James Drummond Burns: '''James Drummond Burns''' ([[1823]]-[[1864]]), divine; educated at Heriot's Hospital, the University, 1837, and the Free Church College, Edinburgh, 1843; Free church minister at Dunblane, 1845, at Funchal, Madeira, 18471853, and at Hampstead, 1855-64; author of hymn* and sermons.
John Burns: '''John Burns''' ([[1774]]-[[1850]]), author of ' Principles of Midwifery 1809; studied medicine at Glasgow; surgeon's clerk in Glasgow Infirmary, 1792; M.D.; lectured on anatomy, and afterwards on midwifery; professor of surgery in Glasgow University, 1815; drowned at sea; author of medical works.
Robert Burns: '''Robert Burns''' ([[1759]]-[[1796]]), poet ; son of a cottar (d. "1784); born at Alloway; educated by his father; worked as a farm-labourer, 1772; read theSpectator Pope's Homer Allan Ramsay, and pedlar's slip-songs; composed his first verses, 1776; learnt surveying, 1777, and associated with tippling smugglers at Kirkoswald; wrote Death of Poor Mailie John Barleycorn and occasional poems; read Thomson, Shenstone, Sterne, and Ossian; member of convivial, debating, and masonic clubs at Tarbolton, 1780-1; courted Ellison Begbie Mary Morison of the song), who rejected him; worked in a flaxdresser's shop at Irvine, June-December 1781; began a common-place book, 1783; farmed 118 acres in partnership with his brother Gilbert at Mossgiel, 1784-8; wrote some of his best workCottar's Saturday Night The Twa Dogs Halloween The Jolly Beggars the addressesTo a MouseandTo a Mountain Daisynud some of his sharpest satiresDeath and Dr. Hornbook (against a village grocer-druggist) andHoly Willie's Prayer(against a Mauchline elder) in 1786 and 1786; conceived the idea of sending to a magazine his Epistle to Da vie(Sillar), 1786; discovered that The Twa Herds a satire against two Culvinists, had a lively circulation in manuscript; gave Jean Armour, daughter of a Mauchline mason, a written declaration of marriage, which her father destroyed, April 1786, preferring his daughter's loss of reputation to the proposed match; obtained the poet of overseer on a Jamaica plantation, 1786, and, to provide passage-money, arranged with John Wilson, printer, Kilmarnock, for an edition of his poems; trysted with Mary Campbell, a sailor's daughter from Argyllshire, to go with him as his wife, 1786; composed after her death,

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Burns: '''Burns''' 175
Burrowes: '''Burrowes''' in mrmory of her, Will ye go to the Indies, my Mary ? To Mary in H.iiven 1 (October 1789), andHighland Mary(November 17U2); liN poems f;ivourahly mentioned in Edinburgh reviews and praised personally to liurns; gained access to the literary circles by his reputation asa heavfii-taiiirht ploughman and by liis convivial power- to tin 1 iiiaMinir and drinking clubs of the capital; the second (17*7) edition of his poems undertaken by William Creech, who about 178H completed his payment of 5oo., Hums parting with the copyright; met James Johnson, projector of theScots Musical Museum to the six volumes (1787-1803) of which he contributed songs; trectul a memorial-stone to the poet Fergussou, February 1787; travelled through the border counties and Argyllshire, 1787; spent July at Mossgiel, renewing his relations with Jean Armour; returned to Kdinbnrgh in August 1787; travelled through the central highlands and the eastern counties in September, and Stirling, Clackmannan, and Kinnvs in October; began in Edinburgh a tender cor respom lence with Margaret Chalmers Peggy, and also with Agnes M'Lehose Clarinda), whose husband was abroad; decided to marry Jean Armour, an intention effected in August 1788; gave up his share in the farm at Mossgiel, lending his brother Gilbert ISO, to carry it on, and engaged Ellisland, a farm six miles from Dumfries, March 1788; lived at Ellisland, June 1788 to Decemberl79l. his wife Jean (to whom he addressed 0athe airts the wind can blaw) living for the time at Mauchline; turned his holding into a dairy-farm, to be managed by his wife, while he took an exciseman's place, about August 1789, at a salary of 40Z.; wrote * Auld Lang Syne and Tarn o Shanter c. 1789; gave up Ellisland and settled in Dumfries, December 1791, as exciseman on a salary of 701.; suspected by the government on account of the Jacobite stirnent of his songs and his freeman's sympathy with the French democracy, coming within an ace of dismissal, December 1 792; gladly accepted an invitation by George Thomson, then projecting a new collection of Scottish songs, to supply words for old melodies, 1792,Scots wha hae1793) being written for this purpose; his reputation prejudiced and health shattered by his association with the hard-drinking gentry of the district; fell asleep by the roadside after a carouse, a mischance followed by rheumatic fever; died at Dumfries. A subscription and a memorial edition of his works (1800), edited by James Carrie, provided for the immediate wants of his family. His children shared their father's independent spirit, his wife resigning a pension of 50*. as soon as they were able to support her (1818).
Robert Burns: '''Robert Burns''' ([[1789]]-[[1869]]), theologian: educated at Edinburgh; minister at Paisley, 1811; joined the Free church, 1843; delegate to America, 1844; minister of Knox's church, Toronto, 1845-56; professor in Knox's (presbyterian) College, Toronto, 1866 till death: D.D.; wrote tracts on points of church history.
William Chalmers Burns: '''William Chalmers Burns''' ([[1815]]-[[1868]]), missionary; educated at Aberdeen; licentiate of the church of Scotland, 1839; revivalist preacher in Scotland, north of England, and Canada; missionary in China, 1846 till death; translated the Pilgrim's Progress into Chinese.
Robert Burnside: '''Robert Burnside''' ([[1759]]-[[1826]]), baptist educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and Aberdeen University; preacher and pastor in London, 1780-1826; teacher of languages; wrote religious tracts,
Robert Burrant: '''Robert Burrant''' ( ft. [[1553]]), editor of Sir David Lindsay's Tragical Death of David Beaton; translated Preceptes of Cato 1553.
Burrard: '''Burrard''' Sm HARRY ([[1755]]-[[1813]]), general entered the army, 1772; M.P. for Lymingtou, 1780 served in America, 1778-9, 1781-2, in Flanders, 1793-5 and at Copenhagen, 1807; lieutenant-general, 1806 created baronet, 1807; sent to take command in Portugal 1808; allowed ArthurWeltesley, whom be had been selected to supersede, to command against the French at Vimiera (21 Aug.), but forbade pursuit after their rout; acquitted by court-martial; commanded the guards brigade in London, 18 10.
Burrel: '''Burrel''' or BUREL, JOHN (ft. [[1590]]), poet: author of a description of James VI's queen's entry into Edinburgh, 1590; supposed to be the same with John Burrel, a goldsmith of Edinburgh, whose name occurs in a title-deed of 1628.
Litellus Burrell: '''Litellus Burrell''' ([[1753]]-[[1827]]), major-general ; served in the Bengal army, 1770-1821, rising from the rank of volunteer-private to major-general; returned to England, 1*21.
Sophia Burrell: '''Sophia Burrell''' , LADY ([[1750]] ?-[[1802]]), dramatist ; published poems and tragedies, 1773-18UO; nie Raymond; married (1) Sir William Burrell, 1773; (2) the Rev. William Clay, 1797.
Sir William Burrell: '''Sir William Burrell''' ([[1732]]-[[1796]]), antiquary ; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; LL.D., 1760: advocate at DoctorsCommons, 1760; practised in the admiralty court; chancellor of Worcester, 1764, and of Rochester; M.P. for Haslemere, 1768; married, 1773 see BURRELL, SOPHIA, LADY; baronet by reversion, 1789; collected materials for a history of Sussex; lived at Deepdenc, Sussex, 1787-96; wrote law reports,
Christopher Burrouoh: '''Christopher Burrouoh''' .
Edward Burrouoh: '''Edward Burrouoh''' ([[1634]]-[[1662]]), quaker ; became a presbyterian; joiaed the quakers, 1652; travelling minister in Scotland and north of England; wrote tracte while in prison. 1653; preached in London and Bristol, 1654; expelled from Ireland, 1656; imprisoned for refusing oath of abjuration, 1656; vindicated the quakere against John Bunyan, 1657; pleaded lor toleration with Oliver Cromwell. 1657, and Richard Cromwell, 1658 at Dunkirk, 1669; begged Charles II to protect the persecuted quakers in New England, 1660: visited Bristol, 1662; died in Newgate prison; published pamphlets. vii. 4431
Sir James Burrough: '''Sir James Burrough''' ([[1691]]-[[1764]]), amateur architect; educated at Bury St. Edmunds and Oaius College, Cambridge; B.A., 1711; fellow, 1738; master, 1764-64; esquire bedell, 1727; knighted, 1754; consulted or employed on most Cambridge buildings of his day; an advocate of the classical style in architecture,
Sik James Burrough: '''Sik James Burrough''' ([[1750]]-[[1839]]), judge; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1773; recorder of Portsmouth; knighted, 1816: justice of the common pleas, 1816-29.
Stephen Burrough: '''Stephen Burrough''' ([[1525]]-[[1584]]).
William Burrough: '''William Burrough''' ([[1536]]-[[1599]]).
Borroughes: '''Borroughes''' or BORROUGHS, JEREMIAH (1599-1646), congregational divine: M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1624; puritan rector of Tivetshall, Norfolk, 1631-6; minister at Rotterdam, 1637-41; preacher at Stepney and Cripplegate, 1641 till death; member of Westminster Assembly, 1643; presented the congregatioualist case to parliament, 1644; wrote devotional and controversial treatises.
Sir John Burroughs: '''Sir John Burroughs''' (d. [[1643]]).
Joseph Burroughs: '''Joseph Burroughs''' ([[1685]]-[[1761]]), baptist minister; educated at Leydeu; preacher and pastor in London, 1714-61; published sermons.
Edward John Burrow: '''Edward John Burrow''' ([[1785]]-[[1861]]), miscellaneous writer; M.A. Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1808; D.D. Trinity College, Oxford, 1820; incumbent of Bempton, Yorkshire, 1810-16, and of Hampstead chapel-of-ease, 1816-23; civil chaplain at Gibraltar, 1835; archdeacon of Gibraltar, 1842; resided latterly in Devonshire; published treatises on shells, art (including theElgin Marbles 1817 and 1837), and theology.
Sir James Burrow: '''Sir James Burrow''' ([[1701]]-[[1782]]), editor of law reports, 1756-80; master of the crown office; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1725; knighted, 1773.
Reuben Burrow: '''Reuben Burrow''' ([[1747]]-[[1792]]), mathematician; a small farmer's son; clerk and, subsequently, usher in London; kept school at Portsmouth; assistant at Greenwich Observatory, 1770; opened a school in Greenwich; mathematical teacher at the Tower, 1776 ?; edited Carnan's Ladies... Almanack 1775-82; employed in teaching and survey work in Bengal, 1782-92; published 'A Restitution of... Apollonius Pergaeus on Inclinations 1779.
John Freckleton Burrowes: '''John Freckleton Burrowes''' ([[1787]]-[[1852]]X composer; organist of St. James's, Piccadilly; published text-books on music.
Peter Burrowes: '''Peter Burrowes''' ([[1753]]-[[1841]]), Irish politician ; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; barrister of the

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Burrows: '''Burrows''' 176
Burton: '''Burton''' Middle Temple, 17S5: M.P. for Knnisoorthy in the Irish parliament: opposed the union: counael for Robert Kmmet, 1803; judge of insolvent debtorscourt, 1821.
Sir George Burrows: '''Sir George Burrows''' , first baronet ([[1801]]-[[1887]]), physician; studied at St. Bartholomew's Hospital; B.A. Oaius College, Cambridge, 1825; M.D., 1831: D.C.L.,1872; junior fellow and mathematical lecturer, 1825-35; studied medicine on continent; lecturer on medical jurisprudence at St. Bartholomew's, 1834; lecturer on medicine, 1841; physician, 1841-63; F.R.O.P., 1832, and president, 18711875: P.R.S., 1846; LL.D. Cambridge, 1881; physician in ordinary to Queen Victoria, 1873; created baronet, 1874; honorary fellow of Oaius College, 1880; published medical writings.
George Man Burrows: '''George Man Burrows''' ([[1771]]-[[1846]]), physician ; studied medicine and practised in London; kept a private asylum after 1816; M.D. St. Andrews, 1824; agitated for improving medical education; wrote on insanity.
Sir John Oordy Burrows: '''Sir John Oordy Burrows''' ([[1813]]-[[1876]]), surgeon; apprenticed in Suffolk; studied in London; practised in Brighton, 1837; knighted, 1873; promoted public improvements in Brighton.
Robert Burscouoh: '''Robert Burscouoh''' ([[1651]]-[[1709]]), divine; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1682; prebendary of Exeter, 1701; archdeacon of Barnsteple, 1703; author of works of controversial divinity.
Albtn Burt: '''Albtn Burt''' R. (d. [[1842]]), engraver and portraitpainter; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1830.
Edward Burt: '''Edward Burt''' (d. [[1755]]), author of 'Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland (printed, 1754); employed by General Wade in Scotland, 1724-8.
William Burt: '''William Burt''' ([[1778]]-[[1826]]), miscellaneous writer; educated at Exeter; solicitor's apprentice at Bridgwater; solicitor and journalist at Plymouth; wrote on various topics, including banking and politics.
Richard Burthogge: '''Richard Burthogge''' ([[1638]]7-[[1694]]?), theologian; educated at Exeter grammar school; B.A. Oxford, 1658; M.D. Leyden, 1662; practised medicine at Bowden; published philosophical and theological treatises, in one of which he anticipated Hamilton's doctrine of the relativity of knowledge
Burton: '''Burton''' first BARON (d. [[1743]]). See PAGET,
Henry: '''Henry'''
Oassibelan Burton: '''Oassibelan Burton''' ([[1609]]-[[1682]]), translator; only son of William Burton (1575-1645); translated Martial (not published); gave his father's collections to Walter Chetwynd
Catharine Burton: '''Catharine Burton''' ([[1668]]-[[1714]]), Carmelite nun at Antwerp, 1694.
Charles Burton: '''Charles Burton''' ([[1793]]-[[1866]]), theologian; educated at Glasgow and St. John's College, Cambridge; LL.B., 1822; D.C.L. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1829; originally Wesleyan minister; rector of All Saints Manchester (built by himself), 1820; published hymns, poems, sermons, and controversial tracts.
Charles Edward Burton: '''Charles Edward Burton''' ([[1846]]-[[1882]]), astronomer; B.A. Dublin; assistant in Lord Rosse's observatory, 1868; observed the eclipse in Sicily, 1870, the transit of Venus at Rodriguez, 1874, and the opposition of Mars, near Dublin, 1879; wrote astronomical papers.
Decimus Burton: '''Decimus Burton''' ([[1800]]-[[1881]]}, architect ; designed Horner's Colosseum, 1823; laid out Hyde Park, 1826; architect of a building estate at Tunbridge Wells, 18281848; designed many country houses; travelled in Italy, Greece, and North America.
Edward Burton: '''Edward Burton''' ([[1584]] 7-[[1624]]?). See CATCHER,
Edward: '''Edward'''
Edward Burton: '''Edward Burton''' ([[1794]]-[[1836]]), theologian; educated at Westminster; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1813; M.A., 1818; travelled; Bampton lecturer, 1828; regins professor of divinity, Oxford, 1829-36; D.D., 1829; wrote classical and theological works.
Sir Frederic William Burton: '''Sir Frederic William Burton''' ([[1816]]-[[1900]]), painter in water-colours, and director of National Portrait Gallery; member of Hoyal Hibernian Academy, 1839; practised with success as portrait-painter in Dublin; lived in Munich, 1H51-8, and studied German masters; member of Old (now Royal) Water-Colour Society, 1856; F.S.A., 1863; director of National Gallery, London, 18741894; LL.D. Trinity College, Dublin, 1896. A portrait by him ofGeorge Eliotis in the National Portrait Gallery. Among his best pictures are Peasantry of Franconia waiting for Confession and The Meeting on the Turret Stairs
George Burton: '''George Burton''' ([[1717]]-[[1791]]), chronologer ; published treatises on biblical chronology, 1766-87; M.A. Cambridge, 1740; rector of Elveden, 1740, and of Heringawell, Suffolk, 1751.
Henry Burton: '''Henry Burton''' ([[1578]]-[[1648]]), independent ; MJL St. John's College, Cambridge, 1602; tutor to Sir Robert Carey's sons; clerk of the closet to Prince Henry, and to Prince Charles, 1612-25; offended Charles I by accusing Laud of popery, April 1625; rector of St. Matthew's, Friday Street, 1625; prosecuted for attacks on the bishops, 1627; imprisoned, 1629; tried in the Star-chamber for seditious preaching, and sentenced to deprivation, degradation, fine, pillory, loss of ears, and perpetual imprisonment, 1636; his removal to Lancaster Castle witnessed by sympathetic crowds, 1636; removed to Castle Cornet, Guernsey, 1636; freed by parliament, November 1640; made a triumphal progress from Dartmouth to London; his sentence reversed, 1641; ministered to an independent congregation in St. Matthew's, Friday Street, 1642; Tuesday lecturer at St. Mary's, Aldermaubury, till 1645; wrote polemical tracts.
Hezekiah Burton: '''Hezekiah Burton''' (d. [[1681]]), divine ; fellow of Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1651; B.D., 1661; D.D., 1669; prebendary of Norwich, 1667; rector of St. George's, South wark, 1668, and of Barnes, Surrey, 1680; his sermons published posthumously.
Isabel Burton: '''Isabel Burton''' , LADY ([[1831]]-[[1896]]), wife of Sir Richard Francis Burton, whom she married, 1861; daughter of Henry Raymond Arundell: shared, as far as possible, her husband's life in travel and literature, and after his death prepared his biography and a memorial edition of his works; published Inner Life of Syria * (1875) and Arabia, Egypt, and India 1879.

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James Burton: '''James Burton''' ([[1788]]-[[1862]]). See HALIBURTON,
James: '''James'''
James Daniel Burton: '''James Daniel Burton''' ([[1784]]-[[1817]]), methodist ; itinerant preacher, 1805, chiefly in Lancashire; published a devotional tract.
John Burton: '''John Burton''' ([[1696]]-[[1771]]), classical scholar ; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1713, tutor, 1717, fellow, 1721; M.A., 1721; D.D., 1752; fellow of Eton, 1733; vicar of Mapledurham, Oxfordshire, 1734-66; rector of Worplesdon, Surrey, 1766-71; wrote tracts, sermons, Latin verses, and Greek text-books.
John Burton: '''John Burton''' ([[1710]]-[[1771]]), antiquary; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and St. John's College, Cambridge; M.B., 1733; studied medicine at Leyden; M.D. Rheims; practised medicine in York; wrote on midwifery and on the antiquities of Yorkshire,
John Hill Burton: '''John Hill Burton''' ([[1809]]-[[1881]]), Scottish historian; educated at Aberdeen; articled to a solicitor; read for the bar in Edinburgh; advocate, but had little practice; wrote much for Edinburgh booksellers, reviews and newspapers; made his mark by a life of David Hume, 1846; secretary to the prison board, 1854-81; pu I dishedHistory of Scotland 1853,The Bookhunter, 1 1860, The Scot Abroad 1864, and many other treatises and editions, chiefly historical.
Burton: '''Burton''' Sm RICHARD FRANCIS ([[1821]]-[[1890]]), explorer and scholar; taken abroad at an early age by hie parents; matriculated at Trinity College, Oxford, 1840. but did not graduate; cadet in Indian army, 1842: ensign 18th regiment Bombay native infantry, 1842; captain: studied oriental languages; assistant in Sind survey; I lived a wandering life among natives and gained intimate I knowledge of Muhammadan manners and customs; re turned to England, 1849; published three philological works relating to Asiatic languages, 1849, and other volumes on India, 1851 -3; made pilgrimage to Mecca, adopting various disguises and assuming name of Al-Haj (the pilirrim) Abdullah. 1853, and published Personal Narrative 1855;
Bubton: '''Bubton''' 177
Busby: '''Busby''' explore Somaliland, 1854; served in Crimea, 1855; went ;ion vitli ieke, as second in command, to discover -our.-.--..i Nile, 1856-9; reached Laki- Tanganyika, 1858(Spekc. on tin- return journey,left the party mid alone : Yn-toria Nyiiny.ii): travelled in North America, I860: inurru-1 Isabel Arunddl sec- HrinoN, I.HABKL, LADY, 1'1: Hritish consul at Fernando Po, 1861-5, and i..luring both of which periods he made i9Crous journeys of discovery; consul at Damascus, 1869-71; consul fit Trieste (1872), whence he made many tours into neighbouring unexplored territories; went to i -.i-i-t for gold in company with Captain Verney Lovett ( aiuerou, ll-2; nominated K.O.M.G., lit-; later years devoted himself to literature, poblUhiug translations of Camoens, 1880 and 1884,Book of the Sword I**!, and complete translation ofThe rabiaii Niifhts 1885-8. His translations of thePentameroneof Basile and ofCatullusappeared post-lv.
Robert Burton: '''Robert Burton''' ([[1577]]-[[1640]]), author of the 'Anatomy..r Melancholy 1621; calledDemocritus Junior; educated at Nuneaton and Button Coldfleld schools; entered Brasenose College, Oxford, 1693; student of Christ Church, :., 1H1-4; vicar of St. Thomas's, Oxford, 1616, and Segrave, Leicestershire, 1630-40.
Robert Burton: '''Robert Burton''' or RICHARD ([[1632]] ?-[[1725]] ?), reputed to be a miscellaneous writer. See CROUCH, NATHANIEL.
Simon Burton: '''Simon Burton''' ([[1690]] 7-[[1744]]), physician ; educated at Rnt'by and New College, Oxford; M.D., 1720; began practice at Warwick; removed to Savile Row, London, 1732.
Thomas Burton: '''Thomas Burton''' (fl. [[1656]]-[[1659]]), diarist : M.P. for Westmoreland, 1656; reputed author of a diary (printed, i raining reports of proceedings in parliament, 3 Dec. 1656-22 April 1659.
William Burton: '''William Burton''' (d. [[1616]]), puritan; educated at Winchester; fellow of New College, Oxford, 1661-5; B.A., 1665; perhaps usher in Norwich school, 1576; minister in Norwich, 1684 ?-9: received into household of Thomas, baron Wentworth; preached in Bristol, 1590; vicar of St. Giles's, Reading, 1591; resided in London from about 1608: published catechism and sermons; translated seven dialogues of Erasmus, 1606.
William Burton: '''William Burton''' ([[1676]]-[[1645]]), antiquary ; B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1594; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1603; retired to his estate at Falde, Staffordshin-; published his Description of Leicestershire 1622; finished revision of it, 1638; gave John Leland's manuscripts to the Bodleian, 1631.
William Burton: '''William Burton''' ([[1609]]-[[1657]]), author of 'A Commentary on Antoninus his Itinerary... (for) Britain 1668; educated at St. Paul's School, London; member of Queen's College, and Gloucester Hall, Oxford; B.C.L., 1630; usher in Thomas Farnaby's school; master of Kingston-on-Thames school; published Latin orations and translations from Latin.
William Evans Burton: '''William Evans Burton''' ([[1802]]-[[1860]]), actor and dramatist; educated at St. Paul's School, London; went on the provincial stage, 1823; first acted in London, 1831; went to the United States, 1834; managed and Burton's theatres, New York, 1841-68; afterwards head of a travelling company; wrote plays, humorous books, and magazine articles.
William Paton Burton: '''William Paton Burton''' ([[1828]]-[[1883]]), landscape painter in water-colours; educated at Edinburgh; exhibited in London, 1862-80.
Joseph Burtt: '''Joseph Burtt''' ([[1818]]-[[1876]]), archaeologist: employed in calendaring records at Westminster chapterhouse, 1832; assistant-keeper of the Record Office, 1869ranged muniments at Westminster Abbey and Lincoln Cathedral; wrote archaeological papers.
Viscount Bury: '''Viscount Bury''' ([[1832]]-[[1894]]). See KKPPEL,
Coutts William: '''Coutts William''' , seventh EARL OF ALBEMARLE.
Arthur Bury: '''Arthur Bury''' ([[1624]]-[[1713]]), theologian ; son of John Bury (1580-1667): entered Exeter College, Oxford, 1639; fellow, 1643 (ejected, 1648: restored, !;*, -2); canon of Exeter, 1661; rector of Exeter College, 1666-89, expelled by the Tisitor for disobedience; his expulsion confirmed by the House of Lords, 1694; D.D.. 1666; part vicar of Hampton, Oxfordshire, 1671-1707; published The Naked Gospel 1690, an attempt to set aside later dogmatic accretions; his book burnt by Oxford University, 1690; published other theological treatises, and sermons.
Lady Charlotte Susan Maria Bury: '''Lady Charlotte Susan Maria Bury''' (1775-1861), novelist; youngest daughter of the fifth Duke of Argyll; married (1) in 1796, Colonel John Campbell (rf. 1809); (2) in 1818, Rev. Edward John Bury (d. 1832); lady-in-waiting to Caroline, princess of Wales, 1809; published numerous novels, 1826-64, poems, and aDiary Illustrative of the Times of George IV 1838.
Edward Bury: '''Edward Bury''' ([[1616]]-[[1700]]), nonconformist ; a presbyterian minister; intruded rector of Great Bolas, Shropshire, before 1654; ejected, 1662; resided at Great Bolas till 1680; suffered for nonconformity, 1681, and for a time moved from place to place; became blind; published devotional tracts.
Edward Bury: '''Edward Bury''' ([[1794]]-[[1858]]), engineer; at one time manufacturing engineer at Liverpool; constructed railway engines, 1830, and steamship engines, 1840; manager of rolling stock of London and Birmingham railway, 1838, and of Great Northern railway,

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Bury: '''Bury''' Mas. ELIZABETH ([[1644]]-[[1720]]), nonconformist; n&e Lawrence; married (1) in 1667, Griffith Lloyd (rf. 1682); (2) in 1697, Samuel Bury; wrote Diary beginning 1664.
Henby Dk Bury: '''Henby Dk Bury''' (ft. [[1380]]).
John of Bury: '''John of Bury''' (fl. [[1460]]).
John Bury: '''John Bury''' (. [[1557]]), translator; M.A. Cambridge, 1555; published a translation from Isocrates, 1557. Iviii. 25
Bury: '''Bury''' or BERRY, JOHN ([[1580]]-[[1667]]), divine; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1597; Blundell fellow of Balliol College, 1603; M.A., 1605; vicar of Heavitree, Devonshire, 1626, and rector of W'idworthy; canon of Exeter, 1627; rector of St. Mary Major, Exeter, 1662-7; published sermons.
Richard De Bury: '''Richard De Bury''' ([[1281]]-[[1346]]), bishop of Durham, patron of learning and collector of books; named from his birthplace, Bury St. Edmunds; son of Sir Richard Aungerville; studied at Oxford; entered Benedictine monastery at Durham; tutor to Edward III when Prince of Wales; treasurer of Guienue; of the household of Edward III; dean of Wells, 1333; bishop of Durham, 1333; lord chancellor, September 1334 to July 1335: lord high treasurer, 1337; employed by Edward III in Paris, Hainault, Germany, 1336, and in Scotland, 1337 and 1342; founded a library in Durham College, Oxford; wrote Philobiblon (first printed, 1473).
Samuel Bury: '''Samuel Bury''' ([[1663]]-[[1730]]), presbyterian ; son of Edward Bury (1616-1700); studied at Doolittle's academy, Islington; presbyterian minister at Bury St. Edmunds from before 1689 to 1719; minister at Bristol, 1720-30; published sermons and hymns.
Thomas Bury: '''Thomas Bury''' ([[1655]]-[[1722]]), judge; B.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1668; barrister of Gray's Inn, 1676; serjeant-at-law, 1700; baron of the exchequer, 1701, and chief baron, 1716-22.
Thomas Talbot Bury: '''Thomas Talbot Bury''' ([[1811]]-[[1877]]), architect ; pupil of Augustus Pugiu, 1824; started business, 1830; exhibited at the Academy, 1846-72; designed many churches and schools; wrote on architectural subjects.
Richard Busby: '''Richard Busby''' ([[1606]]-[[1695]]), head-master of Westminster School; educated at Westminster: student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1624; M.A., 1631: D.D., 1660; head-master of Westminster, 1638-95; rector of Cudworth, Somerset, 1639 (ejected, c. 1648); prebendary of Westminster and canon of Wells, 1660: a famous schoolmaster and a zealous churchman; published classical schoolbooks,
Thomas Busby: '''Thomas Busby''' ([[1755]]-[[1838]]), composer; taught by various masters in London; sang at Vauxhall, 1769; articled to Battishill, 1777; journalist and parliamentary reporter; organist at St. Mary's, Newington, 1786; taught music and French; joint-editor of a Musical
Bush: '''Bush''' 178
Butler: '''Butler''' Dictionary 1786: edited two collections of music; organist at St. Mary Woolnotb, 1798; produced his first oratorio,The Prophecy 1799; Mus. Doc. Cambridge, 1801; composed music for stage; published treatises on musical subjects.
Paul Bush: '''Paul Bush''' ([[1490]]-[[1558]]), first bishop of Bristol ; B.A. Oxford, 1518: afterwards D.D.; a Bonhomme friar; provost of house of Bonhommes at Ediugton, Wiltshire; endary of Salisbury, 1539, and canon; chaplain to j VIII; bishop of Bribtol, 1542; resigned 1554, to avoid deprivation for marriage; rector of Winterbourue, Gloucestershire, 1555-8; published devotional tracts and
Charles Kendal Bushe: '''Charles Kendal Bushe''' ([[1767]]-[[1843]]), Irish judge; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1782; Irish barrNt.T, 1790, subsequently acquiring an extensive practice; M.P. for Callan in the Irish parliament, 1797; opposed the union; serjeant-at-law, 1805; solicitor-general for Ireland, 1805-22; chief-justice of king's bench, 18221841.
Brown Bushell: '''Brown Bushell''' (rf. [[1651]]), sea-captain : in the parliamentary garrison at Scarborough; seized the castle there for the parliament, when the commander surrendered to the royalists, 1643; surrendered to royalists, 1644 ?; sent to London under suspicion, 1645; given command of ship-of-war; delivered his ship to the Prince of Wales, 1648; imprisoned in Windsor Castle, 1649-50; executed.
Seth Bushell: '''Seth Bushell''' ([[1621]]-[[1684]]), divine; educated at St. Mary Hall, Oxford, 1639-44; M.A., 1655; D.D., 1672; minister of Whitley, Yorkshire, and of Buxton, Lancashire, under the Commonwealth: vicar of Preston, 1664-82, and of Lancaster, 1682-4; published sermons.
Thomas Bushell: '''Thomas Bushell''' ([[1594]]-[[1674]]), speculator and mining engineer; page to Francis Bacon, who taught him what was then known of mineralogy; seal-bearer to Bacon; lay hid in the Isle of Wight for a few years from 1621; lived in hiding on the Calf of Man, 1626-9; his walks and fountains at Enstone, Oxford, visited by Charles I, and by the queen, 1636; farmed royal mines in Wales, 1636-7; master of the mint at Aberystwith, 1637, at Shrewsbury, 1642, and at Oxford, 1643; held Lundy for Charles I till 1647, and then lived in concealment; gave security for good behaviour, 1652; leased crown mines from Protector; wrote pamphlet* respecting his schemes.
Leonard Bushee: '''Leonard Bushee''' (fl. [[1614]]), pioneer of religious toleration; member of Brownist congregation of Thomas Helwys; published Religious Peace 1614, probably the earliest publication in which liberty of conscience is openly advocated.
John Stevenson Bushnan: '''John Stevenson Bushnan''' ([[1808]] ?-[[1884]]), writer on medical subjects: M.D. Heidelberg; qualified as practitioner at Edinburgh, 1830; editor, in London, of The Medical Times and Gazette 1849-52; lost his eight; pensioner of the Charterhotiso.
Mrs Bushhell: '''Mrs Bushhell''' . CATHERINE ([[1825]]-[[1861]]). See
Catherine Hayes: '''Catherine Hayes''' .
John Bushnell: '''John Bushnell''' (rf. [[1701]]), sculptor; pupil of Thomas Burman, in London; then studied in France, Rome, Venice; executed many statues for public buildings in London; died insane.
Walter Bushnell: '''Walter Bushnell''' ([[1609]]-[[1667]]), divine; M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1634; vicar of Box, Wiltshire, 1644; ejected, 1656; restored, 1660, and held the living till death; published narrative of the proceedings against him.
George Busk: '''George Busk''' ([[1807]]-[[1886]]), man of science ; born at St. Petersburg; student at College of Surgeons ani St. Thomas's and St. Bartholomew's hospitals; served as surgeon in navy; settled in London, 1866; F.R.O.S., 1843, and president. 1871; treasurer of Royal Institution; Hunterian professor and trustee of Huuterian Museum; F.R.S., 1860; F.L.S., 1846; F.2LS., 1866; president of Anthropological Institute, 1873-4; published scientific bMttM,

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Hans Busk: '''Hans Busk''' , the elder ([[1772]]-[[1862]]), a Radnorshire squire: published poems, 1814-34.
Hans Busk: '''Hans Busk''' , the younger ([[1816]]-[[1882]]), a pioneer of the volunteer movement, son of Hans Busk the elder ; educated at King's College, London; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1844; called to bar at Mid.llo Temple, 1841; high sheriff of Radnorshire, 1847; wrote on military and naval topics.
Robert William Buss: '''Robert William Buss''' ([[1804]]-[[1875]]), painter of theatrical portraits, and of historical and humorous subjects; exhibited at Royal Academy and other institutions, 1826-59; illustrated books; wrote on art topics.
Bussy: '''Bussy''' Sm JOHN (d. [[1399]]), sheriff of Lincoln, 13TI 1381, 1391; M.P. for Lincolnshire, 1388-98; speaker of the House of Commons, 1394, 1397, 1398; subservient to Richard II; executed at Bristol by the Lancastrians.
Martin Van Butchell: '''Martin Van Butchell''' ([[1735]]-[[1812]] ?), eccentric; pupil of John Hunter; practised as dentist, truss-makei; and fistula specialist; advertised largely; kept mummiflflt body of his first wife in his parlour for years from 1775.
Edmund Butcher: '''Edmund Butcher''' ([[1767]]-[[1822]]), Unitarian; ap. prenticed to a London linendraper; wrote for periodical!; presbyterian student at Daventry academy, 1783; minister at Sowerby, Yorkshire; in London, 1789-97, and at Sidmouth, 1798-1820; withdrew to Bath, 1821; published hymns, sermons, and devotional books.
Richard Butcher: '''Richard Butcher''' ([[1583]]-[[1665]]?), compiler of The Survey and Antiquitie of... Stamforde 1C46; town clerk of Stamford.
Samuel Butcher: '''Samuel Butcher''' ([[1811]]-[[1876]]), bishop of Meath ; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1829; fellow, 1837-H and lecturer; D.D., 1849; professor of ecclesiastical htotory, 1850, and of divinity, 1852-66; incumbent of Ballymoney, Cork, 1864-66; bishop of Meath, 1866; published sermons and charges.
Bute: '''Bute''' third EARL OP ([[1713]]-[[1792]]). See STUAB-
John: '''John'''
Bute: '''Bute''' third MARQUIS OF ([[1847]]-[[1900]]). See STUART,
Patrick Crichton John: '''Patrick Crichton John''' .
Alban Butler: '''Alban Butler''' ([[1711]]-[[1773]]), hagiographer ; compiler of The Lives of the... Principal Saints 1756-9; educated at Douay; professor of philosophy and divinity at Donay; ordained priest, 1735; sent into England,1746; chaplain to the Duke of Norfolk, and tutor to his heir (d. 1767); president of the English College at St. Omer, 1768-73; published also travels, sermons, and biographies.
Charles Butler: '''Charles Butler''' (d. [[1647]]), author of ' T nine Monarchic, or a Treatise concerning Bees 1609; chorister of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1579-85; M.A 1587; master of Basingstoke school, and rector of NatelyScures, Hampshire, 1593-1600; vicar of Wootton St. Lawrence, 1 600-47; published also treatises on rhetoric, English grammar (advocating spelling-reform), music, and affinity as a bar to marriage.
Charles Butler: '''Charles Butler''' ([[1750]]-[[1832]]), Roman catholic lawyer; educated at Douay, 1769-66; studied conveyancing in London, 1769; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1775; an eminent conveyancer, 1775-1826; secretary of committees for repeal of penal laws, 1782-91; first catholic barrister since James II, 1791; published several legal, historical, biographical, and theological works. j
Edmund Butler: '''Edmund Butler''' (d. [[1551]]), archbishop of Cashel; studied at Oxford; prior of canons regular at Athassel, Tipperary; archbishop of Oashel, 1527; held synod at Limerick, 1529; surrendered Athassel Abbey to the crown, 1637; present in parliament at Dublin, 1541; one of the king's commissioners at Limerick, 1560.
Sir Edward Gerard Butler: '''Sir Edward Gerard Butler''' ([[1770]]-[[1825]]1 soldier; cornet, 1792; served in Flanders, 1793; knighted for saving the emperor's life at Villiers-en-Couche, ITH; major, 1796; lieutenant-colonel, 1804; served in the West Indies, 1797-1806, and at the La Plata, 1806; major-general, 1814.
Eleanor Butler: '''Eleanor Butler''' , LADY ([[1745]] ?-l [[829]]), recluse; sister of the seventeenth Earl of Ormonde; one of the ladies of the vale of LJangollen, 1779-1829.
Geohge Butler: '''Geohge Butler''' ([[1774]]-[[1863]]), head-master of Harrow; second son of Weedeu Butler the elder ft* fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge; senior wrangler, 1794; M.A., 1797; D.D., 1805; head-master of
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Butler: '''Butler''' Harrow, 1805-29: rector of Gayton, Northamptonshire, 1814; chancellor of Peterborough, 1836; dean of Peterborough, 1H42; published sermons and Harrow notes.
George Butler: '''George Butler''' ([[1819]]-[[1890]]), canon of Winchester ; son of Geonre Butler; educated at Harrow, Trinity College, Cambridge, and Exeter College, Oxford; Petrean fellow, 1M-J; M.A., 1846; tutor at Durham University, 1848; examiner at Oxford, 1860-2; curate, 1854; principal of Hu tier's Hall, Oxford, 1856-8; vice-principal of nham College, 1857-65; principal of Liverpool College, 1866-82; canon of Winchester, 1882; published sermons and other writings.
George Slade Butler: '''George Slade Butler''' ([[1821]]-[[1882]]), writer on antiquities of Sussex; solicitor, 1843; town clerk of Rye, ..A., 1862.
James Butler: '''James Butler''' , second EARL OF ORMONDK ([[1331]] . styledthe noble earlin virtue of his being son . granddaughter of Edward I; succeeded to earldom, i:;3*; a favourite with Edward III and Richard II; lord e of Ireland, April 1359, and again, March 1360; held command kinder the Duke of Clarence in the war, 1361-2: lord deputy, 1364; lord justice, 1376-8.
James Butler: '''James Butler''' , fourth EARL OP ORMONDE (d. 1452), styledthe white earl succeeded, 1405; lord deputy of Ireland, 1407; went with Thomas of Lancaster mcv. 1412; served in Henry V's French wars; lordlieutenant of Ireland, 1420; made war on the O'Mores, lord-lieutenant, 1424; lord justice, 1426; lord deputy, 1440; lord-lieutenant, 1443-6.

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James Butler: '''James Butler''' , fifth EARL OF ORMONDE and EARL IK WILTSHIRE (1420-1461), eldest son of James Butler, fourth earl; attended Richard, duke of York, to France, 1439; a zealous Lancastrian; created Earl of Wiltshire in the English peerage, 1449; lord deputy of Ireland, 1450-1; succeeded to the Ormonde peerage, 1452; lord-lieutenant, 1453-5; made lord high treasurer of England, 1455; fought at St. Albans, 22 May 1455; again made lord high treasurer, 1458; K.G., 1459; fought at Wakefield, December 1460, Mortimer's Cross, February 1461, Towton, March 1461; beheaded at Newcastie-onTyne; attainted and his estates forfeited.
James Butler: '''James Butler''' (d. [[1546]]), created VISCOUNT
Thurlks: '''Thurlks''' [[1535]] ; restored as ninth EARL OF ORMONDE, 1541; poisoned in London, 1546.
James Butler: '''James Butler''' (ft. [[1631]]-[[1634]]), Irishman hi the Imperialist service; raised regiment in Poland, called the Irish regiment from ite officers; brought this regiment to Frankfort-on-Oder to reinforce Tiefenbach in spring of 1631; sent to Tilly to ask further help; present at the storming of Magdeburg, 20 May 1631; defeated the Saxons at Nimburg-on-Elbe, November 1631; fought in the Polish ervice against Russia, 1632-4.
James Butler: '''James Butler''' , twelfth EARL and first DUKE OF
Ormonde: '''Ormonde''' ([[1610]]-[[1688]]), son of Thomas, viscount Thnrles (d. 1619); grandson of Walter Butler, eleventh earl of Ormonde; styled Viscount Thurles, 1619; succeeded to the earldom, 1633; created marquis, 1642; created Earl of Brecknock in the English peerage, 1660; created Duke of Ormonde in the Irish peerage, 1661, and in the English peerage, 1682; placed by his mother under a catholic tutor at Finchley, 1619; made king's ward and brought up in the protestant religion at Lambeth under Archbishop Abbot; entrusted to Richard Preston, earl of Desmond, 1624-8; lived with his grandfather at Drury Lane, 1625-7, and at Carrickfergus, 1630; came to England, 1631; returned to Ireland, 1633; opposed Wentworth in the Irish parliament, but urged granting supplies to Charles I, 1634; raised troop of cuirassiers, 1638; supported Wentworth (now Earl of Straff ord), 1640; assembled troops at Carrickfergus, July 1640; defended Strafford in the Irish parliament, 1641; commander against the Irish rebels, but kept inactive by the lords justices, 1641; defeated rebels, January-March 1642; quieted Connaught, 1642; again obstructed by the lords justices, 1642; commissioned by Charles I to ascertain the demands of the Irish rebels, 1643; defeated them at Ross, 18 March 1643; ordered in April to conclude truce; concluded truce for a year in September; sent five thousand troops into Cheshire, November 1643; lord lieutenant of Ireland, January 1644; sent Irish troops into Scotland to help Montrose; opposed both by the catholic rebels and by the proteetant parliamentarians, April 1644-April 1645; negotiated peace with the rebels; superseded in August 1646 by Glamorgan; arranged terms of peace between the king's forces and the catholic rebels, .March 1646; asked parliament for help against the rebels, October-November 1646: induced by the rebelsrejection of his terms (February 1647) to approach parliament, with which he concluded peace, June 1647; conferred with Charles I at Hampton Court, August 1647; withdrew to Paris, 1648; royalist commander in Ireland, I October 1648: concluded peace with rebels, January 1649; proclaimed Charles II; attacked Dublin; defeated at Rat famines, August 1649; his garrisons crushed by Cromwell, September- December 1649; left Ireland, December 1650; employed in personal attendance on Charles II or on embassies in his interest, 1651-9; royalist spy in England, January- March* 1658; negotiated with Monck, 1659; received back his estates, and also his grandfather's county palatine of Tipperary; appointed lord steward of the household, 1660; lord high steward at the coronation, 1661; restored the protestant episcopate in Ireland; appointed lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 4 Nov. 1661; resided in Ireland, July 1662-June 1664; in London, July 1664 i May 1665; again in Ireland, 1665-8; returned to London, 1668; dismissed from the lord-lientenancy, March 1669; chancellor of Oxford University, 1669; his life attempted by Thomas Blood, 1669, at Buckingham's instigation; opposed attempts to repeal Act of Settlement, 1671-3; in Ireland on private affairs, July 1671-April 1675; recalled to London, 1675; lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1677-82; at court in London, 1682; returned to Ireland, 1684; removed from the lord-lientenancy, October 1684; proclaimed i James II before he left Dublin, February 1685; lord high steward at James IPs coronation; continued to be lord steward of the household; withdrew, as much as he could, from public life, 1685, broken by the deaths of his wife and children; resisted some of James IFs arbitrary acts, 1687.
James Butler: '''James Butler''' (d. [[1709]]X Irishman in the French service; killed at Malplaqnet.
James Butler: '''James Butler''' , second DUKE OF ORMONDE ([[1665]]1746), eldest surviving son of Thomas Butler, earl of Ossory; educated In France, 1676, and at Oxford, 1879; resided in Ireland, 1680-2; styled Earl of Ossory, I 1680; married Lady Anne Hyde (d. 1684), 1682; at the siege of Luxemburg, AprilJune 1684; served against Monmouth, 1685; married Lady Mary Somerset (d. 1733), 1685; succeeded to the dukedom, 1688; elected chancellor of Oxford University, 23 July 1688: K.G., 1688; signed petition for a free parliament, 17 Nov. 1688: joined Prince 1 of Orange, 25 Nov. 1688; lord high constable at coronation of William and Mary, 1689; attainted, and his estates forfeited, by James II, May 1689; fought at the Boyne, , secured Dublin, and took Kilkenny Castle, July 1690: went with William III to Holland, 1691; fought at Steinkirk, 1692; taken prisoueat Landen, 1693, but exchanged: present at William Ill's deathbed, March 1702; commanded troops sent against Cadiz and Vigo, August-October 1702; ! in Ireland as lord-lieutenant, September 1703-June 1705, , and again 1710-11; appointed commander-in-chief, and captain-general, 1712; sent tocommand in Flanders, April 1712, but directed to remain inactive; lord- warden of the Cinque ports, 1713-14: lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1713; deprived of the captain-generalship, 1714; a recognised leader of the Jacobites in London; impeached, 21 June 1715; withdrew to France, 8 Aug.; attainted and his estates forfeited, 20 Aug. 1715; sailed to Plymouth to head an expected rising, 1715; accepted command of Spanish fleet intended to restore Stuarts, 1719; was living at Madrid, 1721; resided chiefly at Avignon; visited Madrid, 1740, to suggest an invasion of England; buried in West I minster Abbey.
James Armar Butler: '''James Armar Butler''' (18S7-[[1854]]), captain in the army; educated abroad and at Sandhurst; ensign, 1843; served in the Kaffir war, 1846-7; captain, 1863; defended Silistria against the Russians, 1854.
John Butler: '''John Butler''' , sixth KARL OF ORMONDE (d. [[1478]]X I knighted before 1460; attainted, 1461, with bis brother, James Butler, fifth earl; soon pardoned and re covered his estates; died in Palestine on a pilgrimage. vi
Butler: '''Butler''' 180
Butler: '''Butler'''
John Butler: '''John Butler''' (d. [[1800]]), Roman catholic bishop of Cork, 1763-86; succeeded to barouy of Duuboyne (uuder attainder X December 1785; was refused dispensation to resign his see and marry; embraced protestantism, 1787; reconciled to Catholicism, 1800; bequeathed the Duuboyue estate to Maynooth College; D.D.
John Butler: '''John Butler''' ([[1717]]-[[1802]]), bishop of Hereford ; born at Hamburg; entered University College, Oxford, 1733; D.C.L., 1752; chaplain to the Princess-dowager of Wales, 1754; a popular London preacher; minister of Great Yarmouth, 1758; prebendary of Winchester, 1760; rector of Everley, Wiltshire; chaplain to George III; bishop of Oxford, 1777; translated to see of Hereford, 1788; published political tracts, sermons, and charges.
Joseph Butler: '''Joseph Butler''' ([[1692]]-[[1752]]), bishop of Durham ; son of a retired draper at Wantage, a presbyterian; educated at Samuel Jones's dissenting school, Gloucestershire; sent Samuel Clarke criticisms on his Boyle lectures, 1713; conformed to the Anglican church; entered Oriel College, Oxford, 1715; B.A., 1718; B.O.L., 1721; D.O.L., 1733; ordained priest, 1718; preacher at the Rolls, 17191726; prebendary of Salisbury, 1721-38; rector of Houghton-le-Skerne. Durham, 1722-5; rector of Stanhope, 17251740; published Fifteen Sermons 1726, and the Analogy of Religion maintaining that the frame of nature shows a moral governor revealed through conscience, 1736; prebendary of Rochester, 1736-40; clerk of the closet to the queen, 1736; bishop of Bristol, 1738; asked John Wesley to cease preaching in his diocese, 1739; dean of St. Paul's, 1740; clerk of the closet to the king, 1746; said to have refused see of Canterbury, 1747; suggested plan for establishing bishops in American colonies, 1750; translated to Durham, 1750; suspected by some to have died a Roman catholic. His collected works were published in 1804.
Sir Pierce Butler: '''Sir Pierce Butler''' or PIERS, eighth EARL OF
Ormonde: '''Ormonde''' and first EARL OF OSSORT (d. [[1539]]), succeeded to the Ormonde earldom, 1515; active in suppressing Irish rebellions; lord deputy, 1521-4; lord treasurer of Ireland, 1524; forced by Henry VIII to surrender the Ormonde title to Sir Thomas Boleyn, 1527; created, in compensation, Earl of Ossory, February 1528; lord justice, 1528: given large grants of land for helping to suppress Sir Thomas Fitzgerald's rising, 1534-5; suppressed the Earl of Desmond's rising.
Pierce Butler: '''Pierce Butler''' , third VISCOUNT GALMOT ([[1652]]1740), colonel in the French service; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1677; lord-lieutenant of Kilkenny; colonel of horse besieging Londonderry, 1689; fought at the Boyne, 1690, and Aughrim, 1691; outlawed, but given the benefit of the treaty of Limerick, 1691; withdrew to France; created Earl of Newcastle by James II; attainted, and his estates confiscated, 1697; served with distinction as colonel of Irish horse in the French service.
Richard Butler: '''Richard Butler''' , flnt VISCOUNT MOUNTGARRET (d. 1671), created 1550.
Richard Butler: '''Richard Butler''' , third VISCOUNT MOUNTGARRET (1678-1651), joined in the rebellion of his father-in-law, Hugh, earl of Tyrone, 1597-8; succeeded, and had his estates confirmed, 1605; sat in the Irish parliament, 1613, 1615, 1634; took castlee in Kilkenny, Waterford, and Tipperary, and was chosen general of the Irish rebels, 1641; defeated at Kilrush, 1642; fought at Ross, 1643; excepted, though dead, from pardon in the act of 1662.
Richard Butler: '''Richard Butler''' (d. [[1791]]), officer in the American army; by birth an Irishman; emigrated before 1760; lieutenant-colonel, 1775; major-general, 1791: killed while fighting in St. Glair's expedition against the Indians.
Samuel Butler: '''Samuel Butler''' ([[1612]]-[[1680]]), satirist ; son of * Worcestershire farmer; educated at Worcester free school; for some years page to Elizabeth, countess of Kent, at Wrest, Bedfordshire, c. 1628; clerk to various puritan justices of the peace, including Sir Samuel Luke of Bedfordshire, and Sir Henry Rosewell of Devonshire, from whom he derived traits for Hudibras; sojourned in France and Holland; published an anonymous pamphlet in favour of the Stuart*, 1659: secretary to the lord president of Wales, 1660; steward of Ludlow Castle; married a widow with a jointure, and came to London; published Hudibras part i. 1663, part ii. 1664, and part iii. 1668; was neglected by the court, and, according to the most authentic accounts, died in poverty. Some manuscript pieces were first printed in 1764.
Samuel Butler: '''Samuel Butler''' ([[1774]]-[[1839]]), bishop of Lichfleld ; educated at Rugby and St. John's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1796; fellow, 1797; D.D., 1811; head-muster of Shrewsbury, 1798-1836; vicar of Kenihvorth, 1802; prebendary of Lichfield, 1807; edited Eschylus (four volumes), 1809-26; bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, 1836; published atlases and text-books of ancient and modern geography.
Simon Butler: '''Simon Butler''' ([[1767]]-[[1797]]), Irish politician ; called to the Irish bar, 1778; presided at the first meeting of the Dublin United Irishmen 1791; issued digest of the laws against catholics, 1792; political prisoner for six mouths in Newgate, 1793; subsequently withdrew to Edinburgh.
Theobald Butler: '''Theobald Butler''' (d. [[1205]]-6), first 'butler' of Ireland,Pincerna Hiberuue named WALTER, WALTERI, and FITZWALTER from his father; BUTLER and LK BOTILLER from his office; elder brother of Hubert Walter , the primate and justiciar; met with as owner of Amounderness, Lancashire, c. 1166; went with Prince John to Ireland, 1185; glinted lands in Limerick, and fought with the Irish. 1186; granted Arklow, co. Wicklow, before 1189; in England, 1188; in France, 1189; in constant attendance on John, who (as Domirus Hibernias, 1177) made him butler; first used the title, May 1192; governor of Lancaster Castle for Prince John, 1192; surrendered it to the justiciar, 1194; sheriff of Lancashire, 1194-1200; justice itinerant, 1198; deprived, by King John, of Amounderness and Limerick, 1201; made his peace and got back Amounderness, 1202; retired to Ireland, 1203; founded monasteries in Ireland.

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Thomas Butler: '''Thomas Butler''' (A [[1570]]), translator: published a catholic 4 Treatise of... the Masse translated from the Italian, 1570; B.A. Cambridge, 1548; LL.D. of some foreign university.
Thomas Butler: '''Thomas Butler''' , tenth EARL OF ORMONDE ([[153]]*1614), called the black earl; son of James Butler, ninth earl; brought up at Henry VIII's court as a protestant; knighted, 1547; sent to Ireland to allay disaffection among his Irish tenantry, 1554; tried to reconcile the Irish and their English rulers; privy councillor and lord treasurer of Ireland, 1559; deprived of Olonmel and other manors by the Earl of Desmond, 1560; his lands ravaged by Desmond, 1561-7; persuaded Shan O'Neill, king of Ulster, to acknowledge Elizabeth's supremacy, 1661; made war on O'Neill to protect the MacDonnells, 1563; fought with Desmond at Affone, 1565; at Elizabeth's court, 1666-9; returned to Ireland, where his brotner had revolted, July 1569; suppressed the Earl of Thomond's rebellion, 1570; repressed risings in Munster, 1571; visited London, 1572, and again 1579; crushed the Desmonds in Kerry, 1580-3; helped to capture and kill the Spanish refugees who bad escaped the wreck of the Armada, 1588; helped to suppress the Earl of Tyrone's i rebellion, 1598-9; lord treasurer, 1599; granted confiscated lands in Munster, 1602; vice-admiral of Ireland, i 1612.
Thomas Butler: '''Thomas Butler''' , EARL OF OSSORY ([[1634]]-[[1680]]), eldest son of James Butler, first duke of Ormonde; lived in Kilkenny Castle from birth till 1647; taken to France, 1648; educated in a French protestant school at Caen, 1648-52; in London, 1652-5; imprisoned for some months in the Tower as a political suspect, 1655; went to Holland, 1666; married Emilia, a relative of the Prince of Orange, 1669; gambled; in favour with Charles II and the Duke of York, 1660: lieutenant-general of horse, 1661, and of the army in Ireland, 1665: M.P. for Bristol, i 1661; called to the Irish House of Peers, 1662; lord deputy of Ireland, 1664-6; a volunteer in the sea-fight in the Downs, 1 and 2 June 1666; created Baron Butler of Moore Park in the English peerage, 1666; quarrelled with Buckingham, 1666; lord deputy in Ireland, 1668-9: attended the Prince of Orange on his visit, 1670-1; took part in the attack on the Dutch merchant fleet, 1672; ! commanded a ship at South wold Bay, May 1672; K.G., 1672: envoy to Paris, November 1672; rear-admiral, 1 1673; in the sea fight, 11 Aug. 1673: sent to offer the Prince of Orange marriage with Princess Mary, November i 1674; made a campaign in Flanders, 1677; commanded
Butler: '''Butler''' 181
Button: '''Button''' British contingent at Moiis, 1678; defended his father in the House of Lords against Shaftesbury, 167tf; ordered to ! takV i-ommaud at Tangier, 1680.
Thomas Hamly Butler: '''Thomas Hamly Butler''' ([[1762]]7-[[1823]]), composer; chorister of the Oliapel Royal; studied in Italy; wrote music to Cumberland's Widow of Delphi, produced 1780; music-master in Edinburgh, 1780-1823.
Walter Butler: '''Walter Butler''' , of Kilcash, eleventh EARL OP
Okmoxi: '''Okmoxi''' K ([[1569]]-[[1633]]), served under his uncle, Thomas Butler, tenth earl of Ormonde, 1599-1600; succeeded to earldom, 1614; refused to accept James I's award of the estates to Sir Richard Preston, baron Dingwall, and was imprisoned in the Fleet, 1617-25; deprived of the county palatine of Tipperary; recovered part of his estates, 1625; lived in Drury Lane, 1625-7; retired to Ireland, 1627 ?; acknowledged heir to the estates of his viiii-1.-, Thomas, tenth earl of Ormonde, 1630.
Walter Butler: '''Walter Butler''' , COUNT (d. [[1634]]), of Irish extraction; fought at the battle of Prague, 1620; lieutenantcolonel of and in temporary command of, his kinsman's Irish regiment at Frankfort-on-Oder, 1631; prisoner in the hands of the Swedes under Gustavus Adolphns, 1631; collected recruits in Poland; sent by Wallenstein to defend Sagan against Saxons, 1632; ordered by Wallenstein to bring his dragoons to Prague, February 1634; went with Wallenstein to Eger, but sent his chaplain, 23 Feb., to receive instructions from Piccolomini; arranged murder of Wallensteiu and his officers, 25 Feb. 1634; rewarded by the grant of the estate of Friedberg; fought at Nbrdliugen, September 1634; reduced Aurach and Schorndorf in Wurtemberg, 1634.
Weeden Butler: '''Weeden Butler''' , the elder ([[1742]]-[[1823]]), miscellaneous writer; solicitor's clerk; amanuensis to Dr. William Dodd, 1764-77; preacher at Pimlico chapel, 17761814; kept a private school at Chelsea; published biographies and dramatic pieces.
Weeden Butler: '''Weeden Butler''' , the younger ([[1773]]-[[1831]]), author ; eldest son of Weeden Butler the elder; M.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1797; preacher in London; rector of Great Woolston, Buckinghamshire, 1816; usher in, afterwards master of, his father's school in Chelsea; published pamphlets and verses,
Butler: '''Butler''' or BOTELER, WILLIAM (d. [[1410]]?), writer against Wyclifflsm; provincial of the Franciscans in England; member of Franciscan convent at Oxford; wrote against English translations of the bible, 1401; afterwards lived in the convent at Reading.
William Butler: '''William Butler''' ([[1535]]-[[1618]]), physician; M.A. Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1566; licensed to practise medicine, 1572; attended Prince Henry, 1612; an eccentric.
William Archer Butler: '''William Archer Butler''' ([[1814]] ?-[[1848]]), professor of moral philosophy av Dublin, 1837-48; brought up as a Roman catholic; embraced protestantism; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin; prebendary of Raphoe, 1837; rector of Raymoghy, Donegal, 1842; visited Wordsworth, 1844; active in alleviating distress in the Irish famine, 1846-7; contributed to the Dublin University Review His professorialLectureswere published, 1856, and sermons, 1856-6.
William John Butler: '''William John Butler''' ([[1818]]-[[1894]]), dean of Lincoln; educated at Westminster and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1844; M.A. Oxford, 1847; honorary canon of Christ Church, 1872; vicar of Wantage, 1846; founder, 1860, and warden till death of sisterhood of St. Mary's, Wantage: elected proctor for clergy of Oxford, 1874; canon of Worcester, 1880; appointed dean of Lincoln, 1 886. His Life and Letters appeared, 1 897.
Butt: '''Butt''' Sm CHARLES PARKER ([[1830]]-[[1892]]), judge ; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1854; bencher, 1869; practised in consular courts at Constantinople; Q.C., 1868; liberal M.P. for Southampton, 1880; appointed justice of high court, probate, divorce, and admiralty division, and knighted, 1883; president of the division, 1891.
George Butt: '''George Butt''' ([[1741]]-[[1795]]), divine; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1768; D.D., 1793; rector of Stanford and vicar of Clifton, Worcestershire, 1771; vicar of Newchurch, Isle of Wight, 1778-83; rector of Notgrove, Gloucestershire, 1783; chaplain to George III, 1783; vicar of Kidderminster, 1787; published sermons and verses.
Isaac Butt: '''Isaac Butt''' ([[1813]]-[[1879]]), founder of the Irish home rule party; scholar of Trinity College, Dublin; LL.D., 1840; edited the Dublin University Magazine 1834-8; professor of political economy, 1836-41; Irish barrister, 1838; opposed O'Connell; M.P. for Harwich, 1852; M.P. for Youghal, 1862-65; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1859; defended Fenian prisoners, 1865-9; M.P. for Limerick, 1871; published translation of Virgil's Georgics and historical and political tracts,
John Butter: '''John Butter''' ([[1791]]-[[1877]]), ophthalmic surgeon; studied in Devonshire hospitals; M.D. Edinburgh, 1820; practised as an oculist in Plymouth; became blind, 1866; wrote medical treatises.
Nathaniel Butter: '''Nathaniel Butter''' (d. [[1664]]), printer and journalist; son of a London stationer; freeman of Stationers Company, 1604; issued books in his own name, 1604-11; issued pamphlets describing murders and plays, 1606-39; issued weekly redactions of foreign newsletters, 1622-39; issued half-yearly volumes of foreign news, 1630-40.
William Butter: '''William Butter''' ([[1726]]-[[1805]]), physician ; M.D. Edinburgh, 1761; practised successively in Derby and London; wrote on medical subjects.
Robert Butterfield: '''Robert Butterfield''' (fl. [[1629]]), Anglican controversialist; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1626; published Maschil 1629.
Swithun Butterfield: '''Swithun Butterfield''' (d. [[1611]]), author of religious and legal tracts; possibly of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1608.
William Butterfield: '''William Butterfield''' ([[1814]]-[[1900]]), architect ; articled at Worcester; established himself in London; erected missionary college of St. Augustine's, Canterbury, 1846, chapel of Balliol College, Oxford, 1866-7, All Saints Margaret Street, London, 1859, new buildings at Merton College, Oxford, 1864, school buildings at Rugby, 1875, and Keble College, Oxford, 1876; executed designs for several colonial cathedrals; made a careful study of Gothic architecture.
Edwin Butterworth: '''Edwin Butterworth''' ([[1812]]-[[1848]]), publisher of historical and biographical works on Lancashire, 1829-47; youngest son of James Butterworth; collected materials for history of Lancashire; registrar of births and deaths at Cbadderton. Some of his collections are preserved at Oldbam.

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Henry Butterworth: '''Henry Butterworth''' ([[1786]]-[[1860]]), London law publisher; apprentice to his uncle, Joseph Butterworth 1; began business on bis own account, 1818.
James Butterworth: '''James Butterworth''' ([[1771]]-[[1837]]), author of I poems in the Lancashire dialect and of contributions to Lancashire county history, 1800-30; son of a Lancashire I weaver; taught school; (postmaster of Oldham.
John Butterworth: '''John Butterworth''' ([[1727]]-[[1803]]), baptist minister at Coventry, 1753-1803; publishedA New ConI cordance 1767.
Joseph Butterworth: '''Joseph Butterworth''' ([[1770]]-[[1826]]), law bookseller, Fleet Street, London; son of John Butterworth ; M.P. for Dover; Wesleyan philanthropist; published a priced Catalogue of Law Books
Viscount Buttevant: '''Viscount Buttevant''' ([[1550]]-[[1617]]). See BARRY,
Fitzjames Uk Davjd: '''Fitzjames Uk Davjd''' .
Ralph Button: '''Ralph Button''' (d. [[1680]]), puritan ; B.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1630; fellow of Merton, 1633; M.A., 1640; withdrew to London, 1642; professor of geometry in Gresham College, 1643-8; a delegate to visit Oxford University, 1647; intruded canon of Christ Church, and public orator, 1648-60; left Oxford, 1660; kept a school at Brentford; and at Islington, 1672-80.
Sir Thomas Button: '''Sir Thomas Button''' (d. [[1634]]), admiral ; entered the navy, c. 1589; served in the West Indies; present at the siege of Kiusale, 1601; explored Hudson's Bay, 16121613; admiral in charge of Irish coasts, 1614-34; knighted, 1616; served against Algiers, 1620; served on commission for inquiring into state of navy, 1626; quarrelled with the navy board, 1628.
Button: '''Button''' 182
Bynq: '''Bynq'''
Button: '''Button''' or BITTON, WILLIAM !(. [[1264]]), bishop of Bath aud Wells; named from Bittou, Gloucestershire; rector of Sowy; sub-dean, and afterwards archdeacon, of Wells; bishop of Bath and Wells, 1247; went to Home to protest against the primate's claims, 1251; present in parliament, 1253; ambassador to Castile; with Henry in in Gascony, 1254; quarrelled with the abbot of Glastonbury over certain possessions and rights which the abbey had lost to the bishopric; present at the dedication of Salisbury Cathedral, 1258.
Button: '''Button''' or BITTON, WILLIAM II (d. [[1274]]), bishop of Bath and Wells; nephew of William Button I; dean of Wells; bishop of Bath and Wells, 1267; reverenced locally as a saint.
Sib William Button: '''Sib William Button''' (d. [[1654]]), baronet ; plundered by the parliamentary troops, 1643-4; final for delinquency 1646.
John Butts: '''John Butts''' (d. [[1764]]), self-taught Irish landscapepainter,
Robert Butts: '''Robert Butts''' ([[1684]]-[[1748]]), bishop of Ely ; educated at Bury St. Edmunds and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1711; D.D., 1728; preacher at Bury, 1703; political agent; rector of Ickworth, Suffolk, 1717-33; chaplain to George H, 1728; dean of Norwich, 1731; bishop of Norwich, 1733; translated to Ely, 1738; published sermons and charges.
Sir William Butts: '''Sir William Butts''' (d. [[1545]]), physician to Henry VIII and his court; owned lands in Norfolk; B.A. Gonville Hall, Cambridge, 1506; M.D., 1518.
Buxhull: '''Buxhull''' Sm ALAN ([[1323]]-[[1381]]), constable of the Tower of London, 1365-81; inherited his father's lands in Sussex and Dorset, 1325; served with Edward III in Prance, 1355; chamberlain to Edward III, 1369; castellan in Normandy, 1370; K.G., 1372.
Bertha Buxton: '''Bertha Buxton''' H. ([[1844]]-[[1881]]), novelist ; n&e Leopold; published novels and books for children, 1874 ?1881; travelled with her parents, who were German musicians; married a London club-manager.
Charles Buxton: '''Charles Buxton''' ([[1823]]-[[1871]]), liberal politician ; third son of Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton; B.A. I Trinity, 1 College, Cambridge, 1845; partner in Truman, ! Hanbnry, Buxton & Cos brewery, Spitalfields, 1845; bought an estate in Kerry, 1852; M.P. for Newport, 1857, for Maidstoue, 1859, and for East Surrey, 1865-71; published biography of his father and political pamphlets, { 1853-69.
Jedidiah Buxton: '''Jedidiah Buxton''' ([[1707]]-[[1772]]), calculating pro- j digy; farm-labourer at Elmton, Derbyshire; exhibited in ! London, 1764.
Richard Buxton: '''Richard Buxton''' ([[1786]]-[[1865]]), botanist ; a Lau- ! cashire shoemaker and self-taught botanist; published 4 Botanical Guide to Manchester district, 1849.
Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton: '''Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton''' ([[1786]]-[[1845]]), i philanthropist; educated at private schools; entered Trinity College, Dublin, 1803; partner in Truman, Hanbury & Cos brewery, 1808; advocated prison reform, 1816-80; M.P. for Weymouth, 1818-37; advocated abolition of slavery in British dominions, 1822-33; advocated repression of African slave-trade and the Niger expedition, 1839-40; created baronet, 1840; accorded a monument in Westminster Abbey. BY, JOHN (1781-1836), lieutenant-colonel royal engiers; studied at Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; second lieutenant royal engineers, 1799: lieutenant, 18ol; first captain, 1809; lieutenantrcolonel, 1824; served in Canada, 1802-11, and Portugal, 1811; in charge of royal gunpowder mills at Faversham, Purfleet, and Waltham Abbey, 1812-21; constructed Rideau canal from the St. Lawrence to the Canadian lakes, 1826-32, Bytown (now Ottawa) being named after him.
Edward Byam: '''Edward Byam''' ([[1685]]-[[1639]]), divine; brother of Henry Byam; demy of Magdalen College, Oxfoni, 1601-10; M.A., 1607; vicar of Dulverton, Somerset, 16121625; precentor of Oloyne, 1637, and prebendary of Lismore, 1639, holding also other Irish preferments.
Henry Byam: '''Henry Byam''' ([[1580]]-[[1669]]), divine; brother of Edward Byam; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1599; M.A., 1606; B.D., 1612; D.D.. 1643; rector of Luccombe and of Selworthy, Somerset, 1614; sequestered, 1656; prebendary of Exeter, 1632; chaplain to the royalist garrison in Jersey, 1646-51; prebendary of Wells, 1660; published sermons.
John Byam: '''John Byam''' ([[1683]] ?-[[1653]]), divine; brother of Edward Byam; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1606; rector of Clotworthy, Somerset, 1609; vicar of Dulverton, 1626; sequestered aud imprisoned for royalist correspondence.

[edit] Section 210

Nicholas Byer: '''Nicholas Byer''' (d. [[1681]]), portrait-painter; of Norwegian birth; protege of Sir William Temple.
Katharine Byerley: '''Katharine Byerley''' ([[1797]]-[[1862]]). See THOM-
Son: '''Son'''
Thomas Byerley: '''Thomas Byerley''' (d. [[1826]]), London journalist ; published under the pseudonyms of Stephen Collet aud of Reuben Percy Relics of Literature 1823, The Percy Anecdotes 1821-3, and London... Memorials 1823.
Byers: '''Byers''' or BYRES, JAMES ([[1733]]-[[1817]]), virtuoso; resided in Rome, 1750-90, collecting antique art treasures; studied Etruscan architecture.
Adoniram Byfield: '''Adoniram Byfield''' (d. [[1660]]), puritan, third son of Nicholas Byfleld; educated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge; chaplain to a parliamentary regiment; a clerk of the Westminster Assembly, of which he took minutes (printed 1874); rector, till 1645, and vicar, till 1657, of Fulham; rector of Collingbourn Ducis, Wiltshire, before 1654; on Wiltshire committee for ejecting clergy, 1654.
John Byfield: '''John Byfield''' (fl. [[1830]]), wood engraver.
Nicholas Byfield: '''Nicholas Byfield''' ([[1579]]-[[1622]]), puritan ; studied at Exeter College, Oxford, 1597-1601; preacher at Chester before 1611; vicar of Isleworth, 1615-22; published theological works.
Richard Byfield: '''Richard Byfield''' ([[1698]] ?-[[1664]]), puritan ; entered Queen's College, Oxford, 1616; M.A., 1622; rector of Long Ditton, Surrey, before 1630; elected into the Westminster Assembly, 1645; on the Surrey committee for ejecting clergy, 1654; ejected from Long Ditton, 1662; published theological treatises.
Sib John Barnard Byles: '''Sib John Barnard Byles''' ([[1801]]-[[1884]]), judge ; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1831; recorder of Buckingham, 1840-66; serjeant-at-law, 1843; one of the last queen's Serjeants, 1857; knighted, 1858; justice of the common pleas, 1858-73; published legal treatises.
Bylot: '''Bylot''' or BUOT, ROBERT (fl. [[1610]]-[[1616]]), explorer ! of the north-west passage; sailed with Henry Hudson I, 1610-11, and Sir Thomas Button, 1612-13, ! and Gibbons, 1614; commanded the attempt of 1616 I with William Baffin as mate.
Andrew Byng: '''Andrew Byng''' ([[1574]]-[[1651]]), professor of Hebrew, i Cambridge, 1608; educated at Peterhouse, Ca abridge; one of the translators of the authorised versi* n, 1606; D.D.
George Byng: '''George Byng''' , VISCOUNT TORRIXGTON ([[1668]]1733), admiral; served in the navy, 1678-81; officer of Tangier garrison,.1681-3; lieutenant in the army, 16841690; naval lieutenant, 1684; at Bombay, 1686-7; canvassed ship-commanders to join the Prince of Orange, 1688; served under Admiral Herbert, 1689; at Beachy Head, 1690; served in Mediterranean, 1693-5; served under Sir Clowdisley Shovell, 1702-3; rear-admiral, 1703; present at taking of Gibraltar aud the battle off Malaga, 1704; knurhted, 1704; vice-admiral, 1706; served in Mediterranean, 1706-7; repulsed James Edward the Pretender's fleet, 1708; commanded in Mediterranean, 1709; commissioner of the admiralty, 1709-18; prevented supplies reaching the Jacobite insurgents, 1715; created baronet, 1715; sent to the Baltic, 1717; admiral of the fleet, 1718; held command in Mediterranean, 1718-20, destroying Spanish fleet oft Cape Passaro, 31 July 1718; treasurer of the navy, 1721-4; created Viscount Torrington, 1721; first lord of the admiralty, 1727-33.
John Byng: '''John Byng''' ([[1704]]-[[1767]]), admiral ; fourth son of George Byng, viscount Torrington; entered the navy, 1718; commanded a frigate in the Mediterranean, 1727-36, selecting the easy post of guardship at Port
Byng: '''Byng''' 183
Byron: '''Byron''' Mahon, Minorca: rear-admiral, 1745: commanded in Mediterranean, 17-17-8; sent to prevent the French taking Minorca, 1756; reached Port Mahon, 19 May, handled his ships unskilfully, and was defeated, 20 -May; Hailed back, in accordance with the resolutions of his council of war, 25 May: recalled; sentenced by court-martial to death for neglect of duty, 27 Jan. 1757; shot at Portsmouth.
Sik John Byng: '''Sik John Byng''' , EARL OP STRAFPORD ([[1772]]-[[1860]]), general; served in Flanders, 1793-5, in the Irish rebellion, 1798, and at Walcheren, 1809; colonel, 1810; commanded brigade in Peninsula and south of France, 1811-14; major-general, 1813; commanded brigade at ! ami in France, 1815; lieutenant-general, 1825; commander-iii-ohief in Ireland, 1828-31; M.P. for Poole, 1.S31: created Baron Straff ord, 1835; general, 1841; created Earl of Strafford, 1847; field-marshal, 1855.
Thomas Byng: '''Thomas Byng''' (rf. [[1599]]), civilian ; fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1558; M.A., 1559; LL.D., 1570; public orator, 1566; prebendary of York, 1567; master of Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1571; regius professor of civil law, 1574; dean of arches, 1595; wrote official letters, orations, and verses.
Simon Bynham: '''Simon Bynham''' (fl. [[1335]]).
Henry Bynneblan: '''Henry Bynneblan''' (d. [[1583]]), London printer; apprenticed, 1560; liveryman of the StationersCompany, 1578; imprinted books under his own name, 1566-83.
William Byrd: '''William Byrd''' ([[1538]] ?-[[1623]]), composer ; pupil of Tallis; organist of Lincoln, 1563; joint-organist of the L'hapel Royal, 1569; granted monopoly of issuing printed music and music-paper, 1576; publishedGantiones... sacra? 1575; lived obscurely, as a catholic recusant, at Harlington, Middlesex, 1578-88; composed the first English madrigals, 1588; publishedPsalmes, Sonets, and Songs 1588; published Songs of Sundrie Natures and ; primus Sacrarum Cantionum 1589,Liber secundus 1591,Gradualia 1607, andPsalmes, Songs, and Sonnets 1611; composed numerous pieces, many still in manuscript.
Byrhtferth: '''Byrhtferth''' or BRIDFERTH, (fl. [[1000]]), mathematician; possibly at first monk of Thorney; monk of Ramsey after 970; pupil of Abbo of Fleury (d. 1004); travelled in France; wrote commentaries on treatises of Beeda (printed 1612), and a mathematical treatise (Ashmole MS., 328).
Anne Frances Byrne: '''Anne Frances Byrne''' ([[1776]]-[[1837]]), flower and fruit painter; eldest daughter of William Byrne; exhibited at the Royal Academy and elsewhere in London, 1796-1832.
Charles Byrne: '''Charles Byrne''' ([[1761]]-[[1783]]), Irish giant; exhibited in various towns; measured eight feet two inches, 1782; his skeleton 92J inches in length.
Julia Ola Byrne: '''Julia Ola Byrne''' 71A ([[1819]]-[[1894]]), author; daughter of Hans Busk (1772-1862); married William Pitt Byrne, 1842. She published a number of books, some of which she illustrated herself, dealing with her own experiences, social questions, and the customs of various countries.

[edit] Section 211

Letitia Byrne: '''Letitia Byrne''' ([[1779]]-[[1849]]), engraver; third daughter of William Byrne; book-illustrator; exhibited landscapes at the Royal Academy, 1799-1848.
Miles Byrne: '''Miles Byrne''' ([[1780]]-[[1862]]), United Irishman; a leader of the 1798 insurrection; clerk in a Dublin timberyard, 1799-1803; a leader in Robert Emmet's sedition, 1803; sent to solicit Napoleon's help, 1803; served in Napoleon's Irish legion, 1804-15: captain, 1810; chef-debataillon, 1830-5; lived latterly in Paris. viii. 1271
Oscar Byrne: '''Oscar Byrne''' ([[1796]] ?-[[1867]]), ballet-master ; first appeared on stage, 1803; abroad or in Ireland for several years: employed in London, 1850-67.
William Byrne: '''William Byrne''' ([[1743]]-[[1805]]), landscape engraver; trained in Birmingham and Paris; exhibited in London, 1760-80. ber of legislative council, and solicitor general, 1890; prime minister of Queensland, 1898.
Birnstan Byrnstan: '''Birnstan Byrnstan''' , or BEORNSTAN(.[[933]]), bishop of Winchester; attendant on King Edward the Elder as thegn, 900-2; priest, 902-10: perhaps monk at Winchester; bishop of Winchester, 931; afterwards reputed saint; translated to a new tomb, 1150.
John Byrom: '''John Byrom''' ([[1692]]-[[1763]]), teacher of shorthand ; entered Merchant TaylorsSchool, 1707; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1714; M.A., 1716; studied medicine at Montpellier, 1716; taught shorthand in Manchester (where he cliiefly lived), London, and Cambridge; succeeded to estates, 1740; copyrighted his system, 1742; a Jacobite; his shorthand system printed, 1767; his verses collected and published, 1773, and his diary printed, 1854-7. J, THOMAS JOSEPH (1860-1898), premier of Queensland; born in Queensland; B.A. and LL.B. Melbourne University; called to the bar in Victoria, 1884; practised at supreme court bar, Queensland; mem
George Gordon Byron: '''George Gordon Byron''' , sixth BAROX ([[1788]]1824), poet; son of a profligate, mad Jack Byron (17561791), late of the guards, by his second wife (m. at Bath, 1786), Catherine Gordon (d. 1811), of Gicht, Aberdeen, an hysterical Scotch heiress; born in London, after his father had dissipated his mother's fortune in France; hopelessly lame in both feet; removed to Aberdeen, where his mother took lodgings, having an income (under trust) of 135 J., afterwards of 190J. a year; lost his father in August 1791, who, having fled from his creditors to France, died at Valenciennes; alternately petted and abused by his mother; taught the bible by his nurse, May Gray; educated at Aberdeen grammar school, 1794-8; unexpectedly became heir-presumptive to the barony in consequence of the fifth baron's grandson falling in action in Corsica, 1794; succeeded to title and encumbered estates, 1798; taken to the family seat of Newstead Abbey, Nottinghamshire, 1798; put under the guardianship of the fifth Earl of Carlisle, a distant relative; sent to private schools, Newstead Abbey being let, 1799; wrote lampoons, 1799, and love verses, 1800; at Harrow, 1801-6, where he proved himself a poor scholar, a considerable reader, and a good boxer and batsman; proposed to Mary Anne Ohaworth, heiress of Annesley Hall, Nottinghamshire, who rejected him, 1803; at Trinity College, Cambridge, October 1805-May 1806, May 1807-May 1808; M.A. July 1808; at Cambridge read much history and fiction, and practised boxing and swimming, but kept low company and li ved extravagantly; got deeply in debt, the income (500J.) allowed him by the court of chancery being inadequate for his position and expectations; his chief college friend, John Cam Hobhouse, printed privately at Newark, October 1806, a small volume of poems by Byron entitled Fugitive Pieces which Byron reprinted with changes in January 1807, and published, with further changes, in the summer of 1807, as Hours of Idleness; his book denounced by the Edinburgh Review January 1808; settled at Newstead, July 1808, where he entertained company in theatrical imitation of Medmenham; took his seat in the House of Lords, March 1809; issued English Bards and Scotch Reviewers (1809), which soon ran into its fifth edition; sailed with Hobhouse from Falmouth, July 1809; rode from Lisbon to Cadiz; sailed from Cadiz, visiting Gibraltar and Malta on the way, to North Greece; rode through Acaruania to Athens, 24 Dec.; addressed Maid of Athens to Theresa Macri, his hostess's daughter; sailed, 5 March 1810, from Athens to Smyrna, Ephesus, the Troad, swimming the Hellespont (3 May), and Constantinople; parted company with Hobhouse: sailed, 14 July, for Athens; travelled in the Morea; wintered in Athens; reached Portsmouth, July 1811: took London lodgings, October 1811; spoke twice in the House of Lords, February and April 1812; publishedChilde Harold cantos i. and ii., March 1812; made the acquaintance of Thomas Moore; proposed to Anne Isabella, daughter of Sir Robert Milbauke, but was rejected, 1812; tried to sell Newstead, September 1812; injured his constitution by devices to avoid corpulency; published a succession of poems, 1813-16; annoyed by the attentions of Lady Caroline Lamb, 1813; proposed again to Miss Milbanke, September 1814; married her 2 Jan. 1815; took the additional name of Noel, April; made his will, July; much importuned by his creditors; sold bis library, November; frequented the theatre and theatrical suppers; accused, 8 Jan. 1816, of insanity by his wife, who left him, 16 Jan.: signed a deed of separation and withdrew to the continent, April; travelled through Belgium and the Rhine country to Geneva; travelled in
Byron: '''Byron''' 1st
Cade: '''Cade''' Switzerland with Shelley in June, and with Hobhouse in September; wrote Childe Harold canto iii.; travelled with Hobhousc to Italy, October; wintered in Yeiiiv; r of n child by Jane Clairmont, January 1817; visited Rome, April-May 1817; settled in a house on the Qrand Canal, Venice, and abandoned himself to degrading excesses; wrote canto iv. ofChilde Harold July 1817; received large sums for his copyrights; sold Newstead, November 1817; wrote the first five cantos of Don Juan 1818-20; met Teresa, countess Quiccioli (1803-1873), April 1819, whom he followed to Ravenna and Bologna, and took from her husband to live with him in Venice; visited by Thomas Moore, to whom he entrusted his autobiography (burnt, May 1824); followed to Ravenna the Countess Quiccioli, who had returned to her husband, 1819; wrote much while at Ravenna, the bulk of his work consisting of dramas (beginning with Marino Faliero April-July 1820); lived with Countess Guiccioli at Pisa, October 1821 -July 1822, and wrote later cantos of Don Juan; started a short-lived newspaper, The Liberal with Leigh Hunt as editor, in which he printed hisVision of Judgment a poem satirising Southey's apotheosis of Qeorge III; present at the cremation of Shelley, 1822; lived at Genoa with Countess Guiccioli, August 1822-July 1823; offered to join the Greek insurgents, May 1823; sailed from Genoa, July; lingered in Cephalonia, August-December; landed at Missolonghi, January 1824; enlisted a regiment of Suliotes, which he disbanded, in consequence of their mutinous temper, in February; tried to raise another corps to garrison Missolonghi; died of marsh-fever, 19 April; buried in England, at Hucknall Torkard; his collected Life by Tom Moore and Works published, 1832-6.
Henry James Byron: '''Henry James Byron''' ([[1834]]-[[1884]]), dramatist; medical student in London and Buxton; appeared on the stage; began to write for the stage, c. 1856; entered the Middle Temple, 1858; joint-manager of the Princess of Wales's Theatre, London, 1865-7; manager of theatres in Liverpool, 1867; acted, in his own pieces, in London, 1869-81; manager of Criterion Theatre, London, 1874; editor of Fun; wrote Paid in Full a novel, 1865; produced a number of farces, comedies, and extravaganzas, between 1857 and 1882.
John Byeon: '''John Byeon''' , first BARON BYRON (d. [[1652]]), M.P. for Nottingham, 1624-5; K.B. at Charles I's coronation, 1625; M.P. for Nottinghamshire, 1628-9; served in the Low Countries; served against the Scots, 1640; lieutenant of the Tower, December 1641 -February 1642; joined Charles I at York; sent from Coventry to Oxford; held Oxford, 28 Aug.-lO Sept. 1642; victorious at Powick Bridge, 22 Sept.; fought at Edgehill, 23 Oct. 1642; in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, December 1642May 1643; fought at Roundway Down and New bury, 1643; created Karon Byron of Rochdale, October 1643; given command in Lancashire; defeated at Nantwioh, 1644; fought at Marston Moor, Ormskirk, and Montgomery, 1644; besieged in Chester, 1645-6; surrendered. Carnarvon Castle, 1646; went to Paris; sent to seize Anglesey, 1648; sent by Ormonde to invite Charles II to j Ireland, January 1649; i proscribed by the parliament; tutor to the Duke of York. i
John Byron: '''John Byron''' ([[1723]]-[[1786]]), navigator ; midshipman" of the Wager, 1740; wrecked on the Chili coast, 1741; sailed from Valparaiso, 1744, reaching England, February 1746; captain, 1746; cruised off the coast of GninM 1749, and of France, 1757-63; commanded the Dolphin, in the voyage round the world, 2 July 1764 to 9 May 1766; published a Narrative of his shipwreck, 1768; governor of Newfoundland, 1769-72; rear-admiral, 1775; commanded the West Indies fleet, 1778-9; worsted off Grenada, 1779.
Sir Thomas Byron: '''Sir Thomas Byron''' (d. [[1644]]), commander of the Prince of Wales's regiment; severely wounded at Hoptou Heath, 1643; wounded in a scuffle at Oxford, 7 Dec. 1643, and died of the wound,
Thomas Byrth: '''Thomas Byrth''' ([[1793]]-[[1849]]), divine; quaker;. druggist's apprentice, 1809-14; taught school; entered Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 181 8; joined the Anglican church, 1819; curate in Devonshire, 1823-6; M.A., 1826; vicar of Latchford, Cheshire, 1827; rector of Wallasey, 1834-49; D.D., 1839; published sermons.
Sir Edward Bysshe: '''Sir Edward Bysshe''' ([[1615]] ?-[[1679]]), herald; entered Trinity College, Oxford, 1633; barrister of Lincoln's Inn; M.P. for Bletchingley, 1640; appointed Garter king-of-arms by parliament, 1646-60; M.P. for Reigate, 1654, and for Gatton, Surrey, 1669; Clarencenx king-of-arms, 1661; knighted, 1661; M.P. for Bletchingley, 1661; edited heraldic treatises and (1665) Palladius, de Gentibus Indiae et Bragmanibus
Edward Bysshe: '''Edward Bysshe''' (fl. [[1712]]), miscellaneous writer ; published The Art of English Poetry 1702; translated Xeuophon's Memorabilia 1712.
Victorenus Bythner: '''Victorenus Bythner''' ([[1605]] ?-[[1670]] ?), hebraist; native of Poland; taught Hebrew at Oxford, 1635-43; at Cambridge, 1643; in London; again in Oxford, 1651; practised medicine in Cornwall, 1664; published treatises on Hebrew grammar.
Rudolph Cabanel: '''Rudolph Cabanel''' ([[1762]]-[[1839]]), architect ; born at Aix-la-ChapeUe; came to England early in life; constructed theatres in London; invented the Cabanel roof.
Benjamin Bond Cabbell: '''Benjamin Bond Cabbell''' ([[1781]]-[[1874]]), patron of art; educated at Westminster and Oxford, 1800-3; barrister of the Middle Temple, 1816; F.R.S., 1837; M.P. for St. Albaus, 1846, and for Boston, 1847-57; a freeiiiii-i.n.
Sebastian Cabot: '''Sebastian Cabot''' ([[1474]]-[[1567]]), navigator and map-maker; born in Bristol; son of a Venetian, John Cabot, or Caboto, trading at Bristol; taken to Venice, 1476; brought back to England, 1493; named with his father and brothers in Henry V 1 I's licence to make a voyage of discovery, March 1496; sailed with them, 1497, discovering Nova Scotia; not mentioned in the similar licence obtained by his father, February 1498; probably did not accompany his father in the American voyages of 1498 and 1499; made for Henry VIII a map of Gascony and Guienne, 1512; employed at Seville as map-maker to Ferdinand the Catholic, 1512-16; returned to England, 1616; according to Eden, was designed to sail with Sir Thomas Perte (1517) on a voyageof discovery, which did not take place; returned to Spain, 1619; pilotmajor to the emperor Charles V, 1619-26; investigated the variation of the compass needle; made proposals to the Venetians to send him to seek a north-east passage to China, 1522; commanded unsuccessful expedition to the La Plata, 1526-30: imprisoned and banished to Oran in Africa, 1630; recalled to Seville, 1533; reinstated in his office of pilot-major, 1533-44; published an engraved map of the world, 1544; returned to Bristol, 1547; pensioned by Edward VI, 1548; his return in vain demanded by Charles V, 1550 and 1653; settled dispute between Hanseatic League and merchants of London, 1551; again approached the Venetians with the project of seeking north-east passage to China, 1551; suggested the formation of the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London to seek for the passage, 1551; supervised the north-east ! expeditions to Russia, 1553 and 1656; his pension conj firmed by Queen Mary, 1556; deprived of half his pension, perhaps at the instance of Philip II, 1557.
Richard Caddick: '''Richard Caddick''' ([[1740]]-[[1819]]), hebraist; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1776; M.A., 1799; resided near London, 1780-1819; published a Hebrew grammar, a Hebrew New Testament, and sermons.
John Cade: '''John Cade''' (d. [[1450]]), rebel ; said to have been a young Irishman of the household of Sir Thomas Dacre in Sussex; banished for murder, 1449; served in France; soon returned, under the name of Aylmer, a physician; leader of the Kentish rebellion, May 1460; given out to be a nobleman. Mortimer, cousin of the Duke of York; encamped on Blackheath; demanded the dismissal of certain ministers of Henry VI; defeated the knur's
Cade: '''Cade''' 185
Cadwaladr: '''Cadwaladr''' troops at Sevenoaks, 27 June; entered Southwark, 1 July; and London, 2 July; beheaded Baron Say and Willium Orowmer, sheriff of Kent, 4 July; repitls-d at London Bridge; amnestied, 6 July; withdrew to Rochester; repulHttl at Queenborough; mortally wounded at Heathfleld,12July. , JOHN (1734-1806), antiquary; educated at D lington school; linendraper in London and Dublin; rrcin-t mid tii.lifl Knglish antiquities.
Cade: '''Cade''' or CADDY, LAURENCE (ft. [[1583]]), Roman catholic seminarist; educated at Trinity College, Cambridge; became a catholic; entered Douay College, 1678; imprisoned in the Tower; publicly renounced Catholicism, 1581; Carmelite friar at Paris, 1583.

[edit] Section 212

Salusbury Cade: '''Salusbury Cade''' ([[1680]] ?-[[1720]]), physician ; M.D. Trinity College, Oxford, 1691: physician to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1708-20.
Cadell: '''Cadell''' (d. [[909]]), Welsh prince; son of Rhodri Mawr; began to reign over Oeredigion, 877; said to have conquered Powys; ravaged Dyved and Brecheiniog; submitted to King Alfred, 885 ?; his territory ravaged by A narawd, king of Gwynedd 894; harassed by the Irish Danes.
Cadell: '''Cadell''' (d. [[943]]), Welsh prince ; son of Arthvael ; lord of Morgan wg and part of Qwent; rebelled against the West-Saxons, 940; killed by the Saxons,
Jadell: '''Jadell''' (d. [[1175]]), Welsh prince; son of Gruffudd, the son of Rhys; ruled over part of Ceredigion and the vale of Towy, 1137; captured the Norman castles on the Towy, including Carmarthen, 1145-7; wasted Kidwelly, 1152; won back Ceredigion from Owain Gwynedd; severely handled by the Flemings of Tenby in an ambuscade; made pilgrimage to Rome; became a monk at Strata Florida.
Francis Cadell: '''Francis Cadell''' ([[1822]]-[[1879]]), Australian explorer ; midshipman in the East India Company's service; served in the Chinese war, 1840-1; captain of a vessel, 1844; studied steamboat building; examined the mouth of the Murray river, 1848; explored the Murray and its tributaries in steamers, 1853-9; squatter on the Darling; murdered by his crew at sea.
Jessie Cadell: '''Jessie Cadell''' ([[1844]]-[[1884]]), Persian scholar ; wife of an army officer; long resident at Peshawur; published Ida Craven a novel, 1876; wrote on Omar Khayyam, 1879; died at Florence.
Robert Cadell: '''Robert Cadell''' ([[1788]]-[[1849]]), Edinburgh publisher; entered the house of Archibald Constable & Co., 1807; partner, 1811; dissolved partnership, 1826; secured copyright of Sir Walter Scott's novels, 1827, of which he issued several editions.
Thomas Cadell: '''Thomas Cadell''' , the elder ([[1742]]-[[1802]]), London publisher; apprenticed to Andrew Millar in the Strand, 1758; partner, 1765; took over the business, 1767; retired, 1793; alderman of London, 1793, and sheriff, 1800-1.
Thomas Cadell: '''Thomas Cadell''' , the younger ([[1773]]-[[1836]]), publisher; son of Thomas Cadell the elder; took over his father's business, 1793, and carried it on till death.
William Archibald Cadell: '''William Archibald Cadell''' ([[1775]]-[[1865]]), traveller; educated at Edinburgh: Scottish advocate, 1798; F.R.S., 1810; published narrative of his continental Journey, 1817-18 1820; author of mathematical papers.
Cademan: '''Cademan''' or CADYMAN, Sm THOMAS ([[1590]] ?1651), physician to Queen Henrietta Maria; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1609; M.D. Padua, 1620: catholic recusant, 1626; F.R.C.P., 1630; held patent for distilling strong waters and vinegar; wrote medical tracts.
Cadoc: '''Cadoc''' the WISE, in Welsh CATTWG DDOKTH (i. 670?), Welsh saint; son of Gwynllyw Filwr, lord of Gwynllwg in Glamorganshire; taught by Irish ascetics; visited Rome, Jerusalem, Ireland, and Scotland; founded abbey and school of Llancarvan, Glamorganshire; suffered martyrdom at Beneventum; commemorated on 14 Jan.; reputed composer of proverbs, triads, and fables.
Cadogan: '''Cadogan'''
Charles Cadogan: '''Charles Cadogan''' , second BARON OADOOAN (1691-1776), general; entered the army, 1706; served m Mnrlborough's later campaigns, and in Scotland, 1716; M.P. for Reading, and for Newport, lale of Wight; succeeded to barony, 1726; general, 1761. 1 CADOGAN, HENRY (1780-1813), colonel; educated at Eton; entered the army, 1797; gained rapid promotion by purchase; lieutenant-colonel, 1805; aide-de-camp to Wellesley in the Peninsula, 1808-10; commanded the 71st Highlanders, 1810-11; commanded brigade, 1811-13; killed at Yittoria; honoured with a monument in St. Paul's.
William Cadogan: '''William Cadogan''' ([[1601]]-[[1661]]), parliamentarian : went to Ireland, 1633; captain of horse there before 1641; major of horse in Cromwell's Irish army, 1649; governor of Trim, 1649-61.
William Cadogan: '''William Cadogan''' , first EARL CADOGAN ([[1675]]1726), general; cornet at the Boyne, 1690; served in the dragoons under William III in Ireland and Flanders; quartermaster-general to Marlborough, 1701-11, and present in all his great battles; colonel of the dragoon regiment, calledCadogan's horse 1703-12; brigadier-general, 1704; M.P. for Woodstock from 1705; major-general, 1706; envoy to the Spanish Netherlands, 1707-10; lieutenant-general, 1709-12; lieutenant of the Tower, 17091715; took Bouchain, 1711; quartermaster-general to Ormonde, 1712; withdrew to Holland; ejected by the Jacobite party from his offices, 1712; returned to London, 1714; restored to his lieutenant-generalship, 1714; lieutenant of ordnance, 1714-18; colonel of Coldstream guards, 1714; M.P. for Woodstock, 1714; envoy at the Hague, 1714-18; second in command against Scotch insurgents, 1715-16; created Baron Oadogan, 1716: governor of the Isle of Wight, 1716; general, 1717; created Earl Cadogan, 1718; negotiated the quadruple alliance, 1720; commander-in-chief, 1722
William Cadogan: '''William Cadogan''' ([[1711]]-[[1797]]), physician ; B.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1731; M.D. Leyden, 1737; army physician; practised medicine in Bristol; physician to the London Foundling Hospital, 1754; M.D. Oxford, 1755; wrote on medical topics.
Saint Cadroe: '''Saint Cadroe''' (d. [[976]] ?), abbot in Lorraine ; born in Scotland of noble parents; brought up by a clerical kinsman, Beanus, at lona; studied at Armagh; taught in Scotland; travelled from Abernethy, 940 ?, through Strathclyde to Winchester, 942 ?, thence to Peronne, 943; anchorite in Sylva Theorascensis; monk at Fleury, 944; abbot of Wassor, near Dinant, 946, and of St. Felix and (948) of St. Symphorien, both near Metz.
Cadvan: '''Cadvan''' (6th cent.), Welsh saint ; fled from Brittany from the Franks early in the sixth century; built churches in Wales; abbot of a monastery on Bardsey Isle.
Cadvan: '''Cadvan''' (d. [[617]] ? or [[634]]?), semi-mythical king of Gwynedd (or North Wales); fought against the Angles of Northumbria.
Cadwalader: '''Cadwalader'''
Cadwaladr: '''Cadwaladr''' (d. [[1172]]), Welsh prince; son of Gruffudd ap Cynan, king of Gwynedd; with his brother, Owain, conquered Meirionydd, 1121, and the north of Ceredigion, 1135-6; granted lordship of these when Owain succeeded to Gwynedd, 1137; expelled by Owain for slaying (1143) Anarawd, son of Gruffudd of South Wales; to avenge himself, brought over Danes from Ireland, who, suspecting treachery, blinded him; ransomed; driven from Meirionydd by his nephews, 1146-8, from Ceredigion by the brothers of Anarawd, and from Anglesey by Owaiu; fled to the English; restored by Henry II, 1157; invaded South Wales, 1168; resisted Henry IPs third invasion, 1165; buried at Bangor.
Casail Cadwaladr: '''Casail Cadwaladr''' (ft. [[1590]]), Welsh poet.
Vkndigaid Cadwaladr: '''Vkndigaid Cadwaladr''' , i.e. the BLESSED (d. 661?), semi-mythical king of the Britons; led the North and Strathclyde Welsh in their struggle against the Angles under Oswiu and Penda; died of the plague.
Cadwaklador: '''Cadwaklador''' 186

[edit] Section 213

Cain: '''Cain'''
Roger Cadwallador: '''Roger Cadwallador''' ([[1668]]-[[1810]]), Roman catholic martyr: fdiu-aUil at U lid ma and Valladolid: catholic Driest in Herefordshire, 1594; arrested and executed, 1610.
Cadwallon: '''Cadwallon'''
Cadwgan: '''Cadwgan''' (. [[1112]]), Welsh prince; son of Bleddyn ap Cynvyn, king of part of Qwynedd; attacked Rhys ap Tewdwr, king of South Wales, 1087, but was defeated at Llechryd; ravaged Dyved, 1093, but was driven out by the Normans; joined Gruffudd ap Cynan, king of Qwynedd, In recovering Ceredigion and Dyved and ravaging the English border; ravaged Pembrokeshire; repulsed William Rufos's invasion, 1097; defeated in Anglesey by the Earl of Shrewsbury, 1099; accepted Oeredigion and part of Powys as a fief from the earl, 1100; joint-! 1 him in making war on Henry 1, 1102; restored to his territories by lorwerth; driven, 1110, from Ceredigion by his nephews, who had been incited to attack his son Owain for carrying off Nest, wife of Gerald of Windsor; deposed by Henry I; granted Powys, 1111; murdered by Ms nephew.
Cadwgan: '''Cadwgan''' also called MARTIN (d. [[1241]]), bishop of Bangor; styled of Llandyvai; abbot of Whitland, Carmarthenshire; named bishop of Bangor by King John, 1815; resigned, 1236, and entered Dore Abbey, Herefordshire,
Sir Thomas Cadyman: '''Sir Thomas Cadyman''' ([[1590]] ?-[[1651]]). See
Oademan: '''Oademan'''
Cjedmon: '''Cjedmon''' (corruptly CEDMON), SAINT (fl. [[670]]), poet ; entered the monastery of Streaneshalch (Whitby), when already an elderly man, between 658 and 680; said by Baeda to have been an unlearned man, who received suddenly, in a vision, the power of putting into English verse passages translated to him from the scriptures; generally recognised as a saint: commemorated on 11 or 12 Feb. The name Oaedmon cannot be explained in English, and has been conjectured to be Celtic (an adaptation of the British Catu maims). In 1655 Francois Dujon (Franciscus Junius) published at Amsterdam from the unique Bodleian manuscript long scriptural poems, which he took to be those of Caedmon. It is now generally admitted that these poems are of at least two dates, the first portion (containing versions of Genesis, Exodus, Daniel) being earlier than the second portion (1. the fall of man; 2. the descent into hell, ascension, and second advent; 3. the temptation), and all of them later than Csedmou. Three pieces are by some still claimed for Oaedmon himself: 1. a Northumbrian version of Baeda's Latin paraphrase of Caedmou's first song, found in a Cambridge manuscript of Baeda, in a hand possibly of the eighth century; 2. The Dream of the Holy Rood of which a fragment is found in runes on the Ruthwell cross, Dumfriesshire, and the whole in a West-Saxon manuscript at Vercelli; 3. the fragment on the temptation and fall of man, interpolated in the version of Genesis in the Bodleian manuscript, published in 1665.
Walla Cjed: '''Walla Cjed''' (d. [[634]]), also spelt OADWALADER and
Oadwallon: '''Oadwallon''' king of Gwynedd or North Wales ; sou of Cadvan(d. 617? or 634?); invaded Northumbria, 629; defeated by the Anglian king, Eadwine, and driven to Ireland: in alliance with Peuda of Mercia, defeated and slew Eadwine at Hatfield, near Doncaster, 633; mercilessly ravaged Northumbria; killed Osric and Eanfrith, Northumbrian princes, who tried to recover the kingdom, 634; defeated and slain near Hexhamiby Oswald, nephew of Eadwine.
Cjedwalla: '''Cjedwalla''' ([[659]] ?-[[689]]), king of Wessex ; expelled from Wessex by King Centwine; lived as an outlaw in the forest of Anderida; met Wilfrith, c. 681; ravaged Sussex, and killed King JEthelwealh, 685; acknowledged king of Wessex, 686; subdued Sussex, ravaged Kent, and conquered the Isle of Wight; resigned, 688; baptised at Rome by Pope Sergius I, 689; died at Rome.
Lewis Caerleon: '''Lewis Caerleon''' ov (15th cent.), mathematician, theologian, and medical writer of Oxford.
Caernarvon: '''Caernarvon'''
Adelm Are Cjesar: '''Adelm Are Cjesar''' (d. [[1569]]), physician ; originally known as CKSARK ADELMARR; graduate of Padua; censor of the College of Physicians, London, 1655; medical adviser to Queen Mary in 1558, and subsequently to Queen Elizabeth.
Charles Sir: '''Charles Sir''' ([[1590]]-[[1642]]), judge; third son of Sir Julius Caesar; entered Magdalen College Oxford, 1602; fellow of All Souls 1605-11, by king's mandate; M.A., 1608; entered the Inner Tetnple, 1611; D.O.L., 1612; knighted, 1613; M.P. for Bletchingley, Surrey, 1614; master of chancery, 1616-39; judge of court of audience and master of the faculties from b"ore 1626 till death; paid James I 15.000. for the mastertQ ip of the rolls, 1639; died of small-pox.
Henry Cjesar: '''Henry Cjesar''' ([[1562]] ?-[[1636]]), dean of Ely ; educated at Oxford and Cambridge; withdrew to the continent as a Roman catholic; returned and recanted, 1583; vicar of Lostwithiel, Cornwall; prosecuted as a suspected papist, 1584, 1589; D.D. Oxford, 1595; rector of St. Christopherle-Stocks, London, 1596-7, and of Somersham, Huntingdonshire, 1597; prebendary of Westminster, 1609-25: dean of Ely, 1614-36.
Sir Julius Cjesar: '''Sir Julius Cjesar''' ([[1658]]-[[1636]]), judge ; son of an Italian, Cesare Adelmare, physician to Queen Mary and Elizabeth; M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1578; entered the Inner Temple, 1580; LL.D. Paris, 1581; D.C.L. Oxford, 1584; judge of the admiralty, 1584; a master of chancery, 1588-91; M.P., Reigate, 1589, Bletchingley, 1593, Windsor, 1596 and 1601, Westminster, 1607-11, Middlesex, 1614, and Maldon, 1620-2; master of requests, 1591 (senior master, 1600); master of St. Katharine's Hospital, London, 1596; knighted, 1603; chancellor of the exchequer, 1606; master of the rolls, 1614-36; wrote on legal topics.
Julius Cjesar: '''Julius Cjesar''' ([[1656]] ?-[[1712]] ?), physician, of Rochester; composed catches.
Sir Thomas Cjesar: '''Sir Thomas Cjesar''' ([[1561]]-[[1610]]), judge ; brother of Sir Julius Caesar: left Merchant TaylorsSchool, 1578; entered the Inner Temple, 1580; cursitor baron of the exchequer and knighted, 1610.
Sir James Crawford Catfln: '''Sir James Crawford Catfln''' ([[1812]]-[[1883]]), admiral; entered the navy, 1824; commander, 1842; on the commission which adopted screw-propeller for navy, 1845; captain, 1847; served in the Baltic, 1854-5; director of stores, 1858-68; rear-admiral, 1865; K.C.B., 1868; admiral, 1877.
Matthew Caffyn: '''Matthew Caffyn''' ([[1628]]-[[1714]]), general (or Arminian) baptist; claimed to have been expelled from Oxford for nonconformity; farmer and baptist minister at and near Horsham, Sussex, his native place; several times imprisoned for unlicensed preaching; engaged in platform and pamphlet war with quakers, 1655-62; first accused of Arianism, 1673; local churches and the baptist assembly greatly agitated by his doctrinal position, 16911701, the result being a schism in the connexion, 1701-4; wrote polemical tracts.
Daniel William Cahlll: '''Daniel William Cahlll''' ([[1796]]-[[1864]]), Roman catholic lecturer; educated at Carlow College and Maynooth, 1816; ordained; teacher of mathematical sciences at Carlow College, 1825; created D.D. by the pope; kept school at Williams town, 1835-41, and at Blackrock, Dublin, 1841-6; journalist in Dublin till 1859; lectured and preached in the United States on behalf of Roman catholic institutions, 1860-4; remains removed to Glasnevin, 1885.
John Caillaud: '''John Caillaud''' (d. [[1810]]), Indian officer ; arrived in India, 1753; in constant service till his retirement, 1775; brigadier-general, 1763; settled at Aston-Rowant, Oxfordshire; hon. D.O.L. Oxford, 1773.
Calllln: '''Calllln''' (fl. [[560]]), Irish saint ; educated at Rome ; recalled to stay feuds among his kindred, the Conmaicne, of Dunmor (Connaught); obtained for them lands in Roscommon, Mayo, and other counties; at Duubaile converted to Christianity Aedh dubh (afterwards called Aedh finn), son of Fergna, king of Breifney, received Dunbaile (now Fenagh, in Leitrim) from Aedh dubh, and built a monastery there; commemorated on 13 Nov.
Calkin: '''Calkin''' or CAMIN, SAINT (d. [[653]]) ; of the race of Cathaoir M6r of Leinster; son of Dima, a noble, and Cummau; an ascetic; lived on Keltra island in Lough Derg; reputed author of glosses on the 119th Psalm.

[edit] Section 214

Rhys Cain: '''Rhys Cain''' (16th cent.), Welsh poet ; named from his birth near the river Cain, Merionethshire; wrote complimentary poems, 1570-1600.
Oainnech: '''Oainnech''' 187
Amy Oat: '''Amy Oat'''
Cainnech: '''Cainnech''' or CANNICU8, SAINT (d. [[598]]?), Irish saint, after whom Kilkenny (Cill-raiiineth) and Cambuskenneth, in S-otlaml, were named; studied in Vules and Italy; lived at lonurd Abbey, Meath, c. 543, and subsequently at i;ia-iieviu, Dublin; visited Columba at lonu; founded Aghaboe (Acliadh-bo) Abbey, Queen's County, some time before 577.
Caird: '''Caird''' Sin JAMES ([[1816]]-[[1892]]), agriculturist and author; educated at high school and university, Edinburgh; managed a farm near Stranraer; occupied farm of Baldoon, near Wigtown, 1841-60; took part in free trade controversy: commissioned by Peel to report to government on agricultural state of Ireland, 1846; special commissioner ofTimesto inquire into distressed state of agriculture since adoption of free trade, 1850; liberal conservative M.P. for Dartmouth, 1857-9; toured in Canada and United States, 1858-9, and published Prairie Farming in America 1859; M.P. for Stirling burghs, 1859-65; chairman of royal commission on condition of sea fisheries, 1863-6; advocated increased importation of cotton from India, 1863; enclosure commissioner, 1865-82; senior member of laud commission, 1882; G.B., 1869; F.R.S., 1865; on commission to inquire into Indian famine, 18781879; president of Statistical Society, 1880 and 1881; K.C.B., 1882; honorary LL.D. Edinburgh, 1884; privy councillor, 1889; director of land department of board of agriculture, 1889-91. He published numerous writings on agricultural questions.
John Caird: '''John Caird''' ([[1820]]-[[1898]]), principal of Glasgow University; studied at Glasgow University; M.A., 1845; honorary D.D., 1860; minister of Lady Tester's, Edinburgh, 1847-9, Errol, Perthshire, 1849-57, and Park Church, Glasgow, 1857; professor of theology, Glasgow, 1862; principal, 1873; honorary LL.D. Edinburgh, 1884; Gifford lecturer at Glasgow, 1890-1 and 1896; published works, including Introduction to the Pliilosophy of Beligion (1880).
Alexander Cairncross: '''Alexander Cairncross''' (d. [[1701]]), archbishop of Glasgow; a dyer in Edinburgh; parson of Dumfries; bishop of Brechin, 1684; archbishop of Glasgow, 1684-7; bishop of Raphoe, 1693-1701.
Robert Cairncross: '''Robert Cairncross''' (d. [[1544]]), bishop of Ross ; provost of Corstorphine; abbot of Holyrood; bishop of Ross, 1539, holding in commendam the abbacy of Fern; lord high treasurer of Scotland, 1528-9 and 1537-9.
Saint Cairnech: '''Saint Cairnech''' (d. [[539]] ?), son of ' Sarran, king of Britain; harassed in his monastery by his brother, King Luirig; delivered by his cousin, Mucertach MacErca: attended a synod at Tours; bishop of Temhar (Tara) and the clan O'Neil, c. 604.
David Cairnes: '''David Cairnes''' ([[1645]]-[[1722]]), defender of Londonderry; a lawyer; advised defence of town, December 1688; sent to William III to ask help; commanded regiment during the siege, April-August 1689; afterwards recorder and M.P. for Londonderry.
John Elliot Cairnes: '''John Elliot Cairnes''' ([[1823]]-[[1875]]), economist ; educated at private schools; employed in a brewery at Drogheda; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1854; professor of political economy, 1856-61, and at Galway, 1859-65; Irish barrister, 1857; professor of political economy, University College, London, 1866; invalided, 1872; hon. LL.D. Dublin, 1874; published anti-slavery tracts, economic treatises, and pamphlets on university education in Ireland.
Hugh Cairns: '''Hugh Cairns''' McOALMONT, first EARL CAIRNS, (1819-1885), lord chancellor; educated at Belfast academy and Trinity College, Dublin; B.A., 1838: barrister of the Middle Temple, 1844; migrated to Lincoln's Inn and soon acquired a large practice; M.P. for Belfast, 1862; Q.C., 1866; made his mark as a speaker in parliament, 1858; attorney-general and lord justice of appeal, 1866; created Baron Cairns, 1867: lord chancellor, 1868; leader of the conservative opposition in the lords, 1869-74; strongly opposed disestablishment of Irish church; lord chancellor, 1874-80; created Earl Cairns, 1878; a lucid lawyer; philanthropist.
John Cairns: '''John Cairns''' ([[1818]]-[[1892]]), presbyterian divine; son of a shepherd; studied at Edinburgh University; M.A., 1841; honorary D.D., 1858; honorary LL.D., 1884; entered Presbyterian Secession Hall, 1840; studied at Merlin, 18-13-4; licensed preacher, 1845; minister of Golden Square Church, Berwu-k-on-Tweed, 1845-76; professor of apologetics in United I'rt-.-tiytcrian Theological Hall, 1867, ! and joint professor of systematic theology and apologetics, I 1876; principal, 1879; Cunningham lecturer at Free rhmvh, 1.S77 and 1880; preached in America and in many Continental towns; published religious works and translations and contribute largely to periodicals; he wrote the article on Kant in the Encyclopaedia Britannicii 8th edition.
William Cairns: '''William Cairns''' (d. [[1848]]), philosophical writer ; educated at Glasgow; divinity student at the Anti-burgher College, 1800; minister of the secession church, Johnshaveu, Kincardiueshire, 1808-15; professor of logic in Belfast Institution, 1816-48; publishedTreatise on Moral Freedom 1844.
Richard Caistor: '''Richard Caistor''' (d. [[1420]]), theologian ; vicar of St. Stephen's, Norwich, 1402; his tomb in Norwich subsequently a place of pilgrimage.
Earls of Caithness: '''Earls of Caithness''' . See SINCLAIR, SIR WILLIAM, first EARL, 1404 ?-1480; SINCLAIR, GEORGE, fourth EARL, d. 1582; SINCLAIR, GKORQE, fifth EARL, 1566 ?-1643; SINCLAIR, JAMES, fourteenth EARL, 1821-1881.
Catcts: '''Catcts''' or KAY, JOHN, called the elder (fl. [[1480]]), translator into English of a Latin poem on the defence of Rhodes (1480), printed in London, 1506.
John Caius: '''John Caius''' ([[1510]]-[[1673]]), scholar and physician, called John Caius, junior; educated at Norwich, and Gouville Hall, Cambridge (fellow, 1533; M.A., 1535); studied Greek; went to Padua, 1539; lectured there on Aristotle, studied medicine under Giambattista Montano and anatomy under Andre Vesale; M.D. Padua, 1541; visited the great libraries of Italy, France, and Germany; lectured on anatomy in London, 1644-64; resided at Shrewsbury (where he observed the sweating sickness), and Norwich; F.C.P., 1547; physician to Edward VI and Mary; refounded Gonville Hall, Cambridge, 1557, and was master, 1559-73; dismissed from attendance on Queen Elizabeth as a Roman catholic, 1568; published under the name Loudinensis a tract claiming for Cambridge priority over Oxford, 1668; edited and translated Galen, and wrote on medical subjects and Greek pronunciation.
Catus: '''Catus''' or KEY, THOMAS (d. [[1672]]), author ; fellow of All SoulsCollege, Oxford, 1525; M.A., 1630; registrar of the university, 1535-52; prebendary of Salisbury, 1559; master of University College, Oxford, 1561-72; rector of Tredington, Worcestershire, 1563-72; defended the priority of Oxford against John Oaius (1510-1673) ; author of translations into English and Latin.
John Calah: '''John Calah''' ([[1758]]-[[1798]]), composer of church I music; organist of Newark-on-Trent, 1781-5, and of Peterborough Cathedral, 1785-98.
Benjamin Calamy: '''Benjamin Calamy''' ([[1642]]-[[1686]]), divine ; second son of Edmund Oalamy the elder; educated at St. Paul's School; entered Catharine Hall, Cambridge, before i 1660; M.A., 1668 and fellow; D.D., 1680; incumbent of St. Mary, Aldermanbury, 1677; vicar of St. Lawrence Jewry, 1683; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1685; tried to obtain pardon for Alderman Henry Cornish, 1685; published sermons.
Edmund Calamy: '''Edmund Calamy''' , the elder ([[1600]]-[[1666]]), puritan ; B.A. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1619; known as a Calvinist; B.D., 1632; vicar of St. Mary's, Swaffham, Cambridge; lecturer at Bury St. Edmunds, 1627 ?-36, retiring when the bishop insisted on observance of church ceremonies; lecturer at Rochford, Essex; incumbent of St. Mary's, Aldermanbury, 1639-62; one of the authors of Smectymnuus written against Bishop Joseph Hall's claim of divine right for episcopacy; member of Westminster Assembly, 1643; presbyterian and intolerant of Congregationalism; opposed Charles I's trial and execution; advocated the Restoration; compelled by his wife to refuse the see of Lichfield and Coventry; member of Savoy conference, 1661; ejected, 1662; imprisoned for unlicensed preaching, 1663; published sermons.
Edmund Calamy: '''Edmund Calamy''' , the younger ([[1635]] ?-[[1685]]), puritan; eldest son of Edmund Calamy the elder; educated at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1652-6,
Calamy: '''Calamy''' 188
Calderwood: '''Calderwood''' and at Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1656; M.A., 1658; ordained presbyterian minister, 1653; intruded rector of Moreton, Essex, 1659-62; withdrew to London; preached in private houses: opened mwting-houso, 1672.

[edit] Section 215

Edmund Calamy: '''Edmund Calamy''' ([[1671]]-[[1732]]), nonconformist biographer; only son of Edmund Calamy the younger : educated in private schools kept by ejected puritan ministers; studied at Utrecht, 1688-91: resided In Oxford, 1691-2, reading in the Bodleian and preaching in meeting-houses in the district; assistant minister to presbyterian congregation at Blackfriars, 1692-5, and at Bishopsgate, 1696-1703; brought about a public presbyterian ordination, 1694; presbyterian minister at Westminster and lecturer at SaltersHall, 1703-32; visited Scotland, 1709, and was made D.D. of Edinburgh, AberdeiMi, and Glasgow; visited the west of England, 1713; published sermons and biographies, including an * Account of the Ministers... ejected by the Act for Uniformity 1702, and A Continuation of the Account 1727; wrote an autobiography (printed, 1829).
Edmund Calamy: '''Edmund Calamy''' ([[1697]]7-[[1755]]), presbyterian; eldest son of Edmund Calamy (1671-1732); educated at Westminster School, Edinburgh University (M.A., 1717), and Leyden; assistant presbyterian minister in London, 1726-49.
Calcott: '''Calcott'''
Wellins Calcott: '''Wellins Calcott''' (fl. [[1756]]-[[1769]]), author of essays (published 1756), and a treatise on freemasonry, 1769.
Calcraft: '''Calcraft''' Sm GRANBY THOMAS ([[1770]]-[[1820]]), cavalry officer; younger son of John Calcraft the elder ; cornet, 1788; served in Flanders, 1793-5; knighted for protecting the Emperor Leopold at Villiersen-Couche, 1794; aide-de-camp to General Lord Paget, 1799; in command of the 3rd dragoon guards, 1800-13; M.P. for Wareham, 1807-8; served through the Peninsular war, partly in command of cavalry brigades, 1809-13; major-general, 1813.
John Calcraft: '''John Calcraft''' , the elder ([[1726]]-[[1772]]), politician; son of the Duke of Rutland's election agent at Grantham; placed by the Rutland influence in the pay office; made agent for several regiments by Henry Fox, lord Holland, paymaster-general, 1757; deputy commissary-general, 1757-63; made a fortune as army contractor; deserted Fox for Pitt, 1763; M.P. for Rochester, 1768; agitated for parliamentary reform; bought Rempston, Isle of Pur beck, 1757, and Wareham, Dorset, 1767.
John Calcraft: '''John Calcraft''' , the younger ([[1765]]-[[1831]]), politician; eldest son of John Calcraft the elder; M.P. for Wareham, 1786-90, 1800-6, and 1818-31, for Rochester, 1806-18, and for Dorset, 1831; clerk of ordnance, 1806-7; paymaster-general, 1828-30; a whig; joined tones, 1828; voted for the Reform bill, 1831; committed suicide.
William Calcraft: '''William Calcraft''' ([[1800]]-[[1879]]), hangman; successively shoemaker, watchman, butler, and hawker; employed to flog boys at Newgate; first acted as hangman, 1828; appointed hangman, 1829; last public execution, 26 May, and first private, 3 Aug. 1868; pensioned, 1874.
John Caldecott: '''John Caldecott''' ([[1800]]-[[1849]]), astronomer ; commercial agent for the rajah of Travancore at Allepey, 1832-6: director of the rajah's observatory at Trevandrum, 1837-49; author of meteorological and other papers.
Randolph Caldecott: '''Randolph Caldecott''' ([[1846]]-[[1886]]), artist; educated at Chester school; early showed drawing talent; bank official at Whitchurch and Manchester; settled in London, 1872; drew for periodicals; made his mark as a book-illustrator, 1875; designed in coloar children's books, 1878-85; worked for the Graphic; exhibited at various galleries.
Thomas Caldecott: '''Thomas Caldecott''' ([[1744]]-[[1833]]), bibliophile; educated at Winchester; fellow of New College, Oxford; B.C.L., 1770; barrister of the Middle Temple; collected a fine library of English sixteenth-century literature; printed privately Shakespearean commentaries.
James Tait Calder: '''James Tait Calder''' ([[1794]] ?-[[1864]]), author; educated at Edinburgh: parish schoolmaster of Canisbay, Caithness; published poems, 1842-6, and a meritorious Sketch of. -. lli.-toryof Caithness 1861.
John Calder: '''John Calder''' ([[1733]]-[[1815]]), author ; educated at Aberdeen; secretary to the Duke of Northumberland; librarian of Dr. D.uiiel Williams's Library, London; nonconformist minister in London; helped in Thomas Percy's edition of the Spectator
Robert Calder: '''Robert Calder''' ([[1650]] ?-[[1723]]), Scottish episcopalian; educated at Aberdeen; minister of Neuthorn, Berwickshire, 1689, but ejected as a Jacobite; in prison at Edinburgh, 1693; conducted a private episcopalian chapel at Aberdeen till 1707; prevented from settling in Elgin; conducted chapel in Edinburgh; published treatise in defence of episcopalian positions; reputed compiler of the caustic Scottish Presbyterian Eloquence displayed 1693.
Calder: '''Calder''' Sm ROBERT ([[1745]]-[[1818]]), admiral; entered the navy, 1759; shared in the prize-money for the Spanish Hermione, the richest prize on record, 1762; commanded ships on the home station, 1780-3; fought at the battle of St. Vincent; knighted for bringing home the despatches, 1797; created baronet, 1798; rear-admiral, 1799; allowed a French squadron to outmanoeuvre him, 1801; came upon Villeneuve's fleet off Finisterre, 22 July 1805; neglected to engage it, 23 July; dispersed his ships, and had to fall back before Villeneuve, 9 Aug., leaving English coast exposed to attack; recalled, and censured for error of judgment, 1806; admiral, 1810.
Calderba: '''Calderba''' tfX, JAMES ([[1769]]-[[1821]]), Benedictine monk; priest; stationed at Weston, Somerset; at Bath, 1809-17, and afterwards at Liverpool; published controversial letters.
Leonard Calderbank: '''Leonard Calderbank''' ([[1809]]-[[1864]]), Roman catholic priest and canon of Clifton; educated at Ampleforth, at Prior Park, Bath, 1829, and in Rome; priest, 1832; missiouer in west of England from 1833; vice-president and professor at Prior Park, 1849-50.
Philip Hermogenes Calderon: '''Philip Hermogenes Calderon''' ([[1833]]-[[1898]]), painter; born at Poitiers; articled to civil engineer in England; studied in Paris under Francois Edouard Picot; first exhibited Royal Academy, 1863; R.A., 1867; keeper of Royal Academy, 1887. He was regarded as the leader of the St. John's Wood school of painters. Among his most important works are After the Battle 1862, Her Most High, Noble, and Puissant Grace," 1866 (gold medal, Paris, 1867), and The Renunciation of St. Elizabeth of Hungary 1891.
David Calderwood: '''David Calderwood''' ([[1575]]-[[1650]]), presbyterian apologist; educated at Edinburgh; minister of Crailing, Roxburghshire, 1604; confined to his parish for opposing Bishop James Law, 1608; one of the protesters against James I's church measures, 1617; personally scolded by the king: banished; in Holland, 1619-25; published 'The Altar of Damascus 1621, a defence of presbyterianisin; and an expanded Latin version of it, 1623; minister of Pencaitland, East Lothian, 1640; one of the compilers of the official Directory for Public Worship; wrote History of the Kirk of Scotland (first printed, in an abridgment, 1678); published controversial tracts. viii. 244J phi"
Henry Calderwood: '''Henry Calderwood''' ([[1830]]-[[1897]]), philosopher ; educated at Edinburgh University and Theological Hall of United Presbyterian Church; licensed preacher, 1856; published, 1864,Philosophy of the Infinite a criticism of the agnostic tendencies of Sir William Hamilton's philosophy; ordained minister of Greyfriars Church, Glasgow, 1866-68; examiner in philosophy, Glasgow, 1861; LL.D. Glasgow, 1865; professor of moral philosophy, Edinburgh, 1868; F.R.S. Edinburgh, 1869; moderator of synod, 1880; editedUnited Presbyterian Magazine; first chairman of Edinburgh school board, 1873-7; published philosophical works, including Evolution and Man's Place in Nature 1893.
Margaret Calderwood: '''Margaret Calderwood''' ([[1716]]-[[1774]]), diarist ; nte Steuart; married, 1735; withdrew to Brussels, 1766; wrote from that date a diary and narrative of events in Scotland (printed 1842).
Calderwood: '''Calderwood''' Sm WILLIAM, LOKD POLTON (16607-1733), Scottish advocate, 1687; knighted before 1707; lord of session, 1711.
Caldicott: '''Caldicott''' 189
Callcott: '''Callcott'''
Alfred James Oaldicott: '''Alfred James Oaldicott''' ([[1842]]-[[1897]]), musician; chorister at Worcester Cathedral: articled aa organist; studied music at Leipzig; organist at St. Stephen's, Worcester, 1865-82; composed operettas for Thomas German Reed; conducted at Prince of Wales's Theatre, 1889-90; conductor to Miss Agnes Huntingdon's light opera company in America, 1890; professor at Royal College of Music and Guildhall School of Music, 1K90-2: principal of London College of Music; conductor at Comedy Theatre, 1893. He composed many part-songs, operettas, and glees.

[edit] Section 216

James Caldwall: '''James Caldwall''' (6.[[1739]]), portrait-engraver; exhibited, 1768-80.
Richard Caldwall: '''Richard Caldwall''' ([[1505]] ?-[[1584]]), physician; H.A. brasenose College, Oxford, 1533; student of Christ Church, 1547; M.D., 1555; practised in London. 1
Sir Alexander Caldwell: '''Sir Alexander Caldwell''' ([[1763]]-[[1839]]), artillery officer; educated at Woolwich; served in Bengal, 1783-1806; at the storming of Seringapatam, 1799; major, 1807; served in Java, 1811; lieutenant-colonel, 1812; retired, 1821; major-general and K.CJB., 1837.
Andrew Caldwell: '''Andrew Caldwell''' , the elder ([[1733]]-[[1808]]), Irish barrister: studied law in London; Irish barrister, 1760; published pamphlets.
Sir Benjamin Caldwell: '''Sir Benjamin Caldwell''' ([[1737]] ?-[[1820]]), ad miral; entered the navy, 1756; commanded frigate, 1765; (mmander of the Agamemnon in the Bay of Biscay, 1781, and in the West Indies, 1782-3; rear-admiral, 1793: commanded the Impregnable in the action of 1 June 1794; in command on Leeward Islands station, 1794-5; admiral, 1799; G.C.B., 1820.
Hume Caldwell: '''Hume Caldwell''' ([[1733]]-[[1762]]), Irishman ; colonel in the Austrian service; served through the seven years war; led the storming party at Schweidnitz, 1761; died of wounds.
Sib James Lillyman Caldwell: '''Sib James Lillyman Caldwell''' ([[1770]]-[[1863]]), general: cadet in East India Company's service, 1788; ensign, Madras engineers, 1789; captain-lieutenant, 1796; captain, 1802; colonel, 1825; major-general, 1846; general, 1854; served in campaigns against Tippu, 1791-2 and 1799; engineer in charge of central division of Madras army, 1811; special surveyor of fortresses, 1813; O.B., 1815; acting chief engineer of Madras, 1816; lieuteuantcolonel-commandant of his corps, 1824; retired and was made K.C.B., 1837; G.O.B., 1848.
John Caldwell: '''John Caldwell''' ([[1628]]-[[1679]]).
Robert Caldwell: '''Robert Caldwell''' ([[1814]]-[[1891]]), coadjutor bishop of Madras; B.A. Glasgow, 1837; LL.D., 1867; sent by London Missionary Society to Madras; joined English church and associated himself with Society for Propagation of Gospel, 1841; established himself at Tinnevelly, 1841; consecrated bishop of Tinnevelly as coadjutor to bishop of Madras, 1877; assisted in Tamil versions of Prayer-book, 1842 and 1872, and bible, 1868-69; D.D. Durham, 1874; publishedComparative Grammar of South Indian Family of Languages 1856, and works relating to history of Tinnevelly mission, and other writings.
Walter Calenius: '''Walter Calenius''' (d. [[1151]]), archdeacon of Oxford; name used by John Bale for an undefined Walter who was archdeacon of Oxford from 1115 to 1138, and before and after these dates; king's justiciar, 1118 ? and 1125. This Walter, according to Geoffrey of Monmouth, brought from Brittany the Celtic original of the Chronicle which Geoffrey professed to translate. Galena a misreading for Calleva (i.e. Silchester), being, in the bastardLatin of the sixteenth century, used for Oxford, Bale, by 1 Calenius meant only Walter of Oxford White Kennett, following the later but equally erroneous identification of Galena, styles him Walter of Wallingford He is sometimes confused with later archdeacons of Oxford, W alter of Ooutances, 1183, and Walter Map, 1196.
Caleto: '''Caleto''' or CAUX, JOHN DE (d. [[1263]]), minister of Henry III: so called probably from his birthplace, the Pays de Caux, Normandy; monk of St. Swithun's, Winchester, and (1247) chosen prior; abbot of Peterborough, by royal mandate, 1250-63; justice itinerant, 1254-8; treasurer of England, 1260.
John Caley: '''John Caley''' (d. [[1834]]), government official ; employed in the Record Office; keeper of records in the Augmentation Office, 1787, and (concurrently) in the treasury at Westminster, 1818, and (jointly with both offices) special sub-commissioner of records; secretary to the first record commission, 1801-31; accused of incompetence, indolence, and dishonesty in his offices; F.S.A., 1786; wrote on archaeological subjects.
Calfhill: '''Calfhill''' or CALFLELD, JAMES ([[1630]] ?-[[1570]]), divine; at Eton, 1540; at King's College, Cambridge, 1545; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1548; M.A., 1562; canon of Christ Church and B.D., 1561; rector of St. Andrew Wardrobe, London, and prebendary of St. Paul's, 1562; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, Oxford, 1664; rector and dean of Bocking, and archdeacon of Colchester, 1565-70; D.D., 1566; nominated bishop of Worcester, but died before consecration; Calvinist; wrote Latin verses and a polemical tract. CALGACTJS (J,. 84 ?).
Patrick Calhotjn: '''Patrick Calhotjn''' ([[1727]]-[[1796]]), American settler; emigrated from Ireland, 1733; settled successively in Pennsylvania, Virginia, and South Carolina; fought against the Indians and against the British. C ALTON, JAMES (1786-1862), composer; musicmaster in London; organist of Regent Square Church, Gray's Inn Road, London. fidii. 253
Sir John Call: '''Sir John Call''' ([[1732]]-[[1801]]), military engineer; went to Bengal with Benjamin Robins (d. 1751), chief engineer to the East India Company, 1750; employed in fortifying Fort St. David, Carnatic, 1751; served with Olive, 1752; chief engineer at Fort St. David, 1752-7; chief engineer of the Coromandel coast, 1768; at siege of Pondicherry, 1761, and Vellore, 1762; returned to England, 1769; high sheriff of Cornwall, 1771; served on commission on crown lands from 1782; M.P. for Callington, 1784-90; created baronet, 1791; became blind, 1795.
King of Ireland Callachan: '''King of Ireland Callachan''' (d. [[954]]). See
Oeallachan: '''Oeallachan'''
An Callan: '''An Callan''' , JEREMIAH JOHN ([[1795]]-[[1829]]), poet ; native of Cork; Erse scholar; at Maynooth and Trinity College, Dublin; taught school; wandered in south-west Ireland, collecting legends and songs (never published); died at Lisbon; wrote verses, and translated largely from the Irish and Portuguese; his poems printed, 1830.
Earl of Callauder: '''Earl of Callauder''' (d. [[1674]]). See LIVING-
James Stone: '''James Stone''' .
James Callander: '''James Callander''' ([[1745]]-[[1832]]). See CAMP-
Sir James Bell: '''Sir James Bell''' .
John Callander: '''John Callander''' (d. [[1789]]), Scottish advocate ; wrote notes on Milton and the Greek poets; published redaction of Australian voyages, 1766-8, and other works.
Henry Callaway: '''Henry Callaway''' ([[1817]]-[[1890]]), missionary bishop of St. John's, Kaffraria; schoolmaster at Heavitree, 1833; studied surgery at St. Bartholomew's Hospital; L.R.C.S., 1842; L.A.S., 1844; M.D. Aberdeen, 1853; joined Society for Propagation of Gospel, 1854, and proceeded to Durban; in charge of mission church of Ekukanyeni, near Pietermaritzburg, 1854; minister of St. Andrew's Church, 1855; settled at Spring Vale on the Insuuguze, 1868, and studied native traditions; consecrated at Edinburgh missionary bishop of St. John's, Kaffraria, 1873; honorary D.D. Oxford, 1874; resigned bishopric, 1886; chief work, Religious System of the Amazulu 1868-70.
Sir Augustus Wall Callcott: '''Sir Augustus Wall Callcott''' ([[1779]]-[[1844]]), painter; chorister of Westminster Abbey; art student of the Royal Academy; R.A., 1810; married, 1827 see OALLCOTT, MARIA, LADY; knighted, 1837; exhibited at the Academy, 1799; exhibited in the main English landscapes, 1804-24, foreign landscapes, 1830-6, and figurepaintings, 1837-40.

[edit] Section 217

John Wall Callcott: '''John Wall Callcott''' ([[1766]]-[[1821]]), composer; brother of preceding; learned the organ, 1778, clarinet, 1780, and oboe, 1781; sang in the chorus of operas: assistant-organist of St. George-the- Martyr, Bloomsbury, 1783-5; Mus. Bac. Oxford, 1784; organist of the Female Orphans Asylum, 1793-1802; Mus. Doc. Oxford, 1800; lecturer on music at the Royal Institution, 1806;
Callcott: '''Callcott''' 190
Calvert: '''Calvert''' gleee and catches publishal, 1824; some of his manuscripts preserved in British Museum. latterly insane; published Musical Grammar 1806; his luscripts ii. 256
Maria Callcott: '''Maria Callcott''' , LADY ([[1786]]-[[1842]]), author ; nfr Dundas; married (1) in India, Thomas Graham (d. 1822), captain R.N., in 1809; and (2) Sir Augustus Wall Oalloott; published descriptions of her surroundings in India, Brazil, Ohili, Italy, also Little Arthur's History of England 1885.
William Hutohins Callcott: '''William Hutohins Callcott''' ([[1807]]-[[1882]]), composer; son of John Wall Callcott; organist of Ely Place Chapel: composed songs, glees, and arrangements for the piano.
George William Callender: '''George William Callender''' ([[1830]]-[[1878]]), surgeon; student of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1849, and surgeon, 1871; lectured there on anatomy, 1865, and surgery, 1873; published anatomical treatises. viii. 259?
Jambs Thomson Callender: '''Jambs Thomson Callender''' (d. [[1803]]), journalist; prosecuted for a pamphlet, 1793; withdrew to America, 1794; journalist at Philadelphia, 1794-8, and Richmond; wrote bitterly against the first three presidents of the United States.
Robert Callis: '''Robert Callis''' (fl, [[1634]]), serjeant-at-law; of Gray's Inn; serjeant-at-law, 1627; published law tracts.
John Callow: '''John Callow''' ([[1822]]-[[1878]]), painter of landscapes and sea-pieces in water-colours; studied in Paris, 18351844; an esteemed teacher of drawing and painting in London; taught drawing at the military academies of Addiscombe, 1851-60, and Woolwich.
Calthorpe: '''Calthorpe''' Sm HENRY ([[1586]]-[[1637]]), lawyer ; of the Middle Temple; counsel in political cases, 1627 and 1630, recorder of London, 1635-6, by king's mandate; attorney of court of wards, 1636; knighted,
Sir Charles Calthrope: '''Sir Charles Calthrope''' (d. [[1616]]), Irish lawyer ; attorney-general for Ireland, 1583-1606, employed in safeguarding crown claims on forfeited estates; knighted, 1604; justice of common pleas in Ireland, 1606.
Sir Hugh Calveley: '''Sir Hugh Calveley''' (d. [[1393]]), soldier; commander of free-lances in the war in Brittany, 1341-64; fought at Auray, 1364; served with Henry of Trastamare, 1366, but left him and joined the Black Prince, 1367; wasted the county of Armagnac; governor of the Channel islands, 1376-88; deputy of Calais, and fighting the French, 1377-9; governor of Brest; a commander in Buckingham's futile invasion of France, 1380; founded college at Bunbury, Cheshire, 1385.
Edward Calver: '''Edward Calver''' (ft. [[1649]]), puritan ; published metrical pieces, 1641-9.
Charles Stuart Oalverley: '''Charles Stuart Oalverley''' ([[1831]]-[[1884]]) poet and parodist; son of the Rev. Henry Blayds, who assumed the name Calverley, 1852; at Harrow, 1846-9; athlete and writer of Latin verse; scholar of Balliol College, Oxford, 1850-2; migrated to Christ's College, Cambridge, 1852, fellow, 1858, M.A., 1859; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1865; published Verses and Translations 1862; translated Theocritus, 1869.
Henry Calverley: '''Henry Calverley''' ([[1604]]-[[1661]]), royalist ; heir of Walter Oalverley; fined for delinquency.
Walter Oalverley: '''Walter Oalverley''' (f. [[1605]]), murderer, whose tragic history was widely celebrated; squire of Oalverley Hall, Yorkshire; studied at Cambridge, 1579; forced by his guardian to marry Philippa Brooke; by gambling and drink brought himself to bankruptcy; murdered two of his young sons, 1605; pressed to death at York; subject of Miseries of Enforced Marriage 1607, and Yorkshire Tragedy 1608.
Caroline Louisa Waring Calveet: '''Caroline Louisa Waring Calveet''' ([[1834]]1872), author of descriptions of Australian scenery and Australian tales, published under her maiden name, LOUISA ATKINSON; daughter of a settler in New South Wales: lived on the rivers Hawkesbury and Kurrajong; collected specimens for the government botanist; the genus Atkintonia and the species (Epacrit) Calver liana named after her; married (1870) James Snowden Calvert
Charles Calvert: '''Charles Calvert''' , the elder ([[1754]]-[[1797]]), estate agent and amateur jainter.
Calvert: '''Calvert''' Ol-ARLES, the younger ([[1785]]-[[1852]]), landscape-painter; Cotton merchant, then art-teacher, in Manchester.
Charles Alexander Calvert: '''Charles Alexander Calvert''' ([[1828]]-[[1879]]), actor; educated at Kii g8 College School, London; clerk in the city: appeared O n the provincial stage, 1852; appeared in London, 186i; stage-manager at Manchester, J859; staged Shakespearean plays, 1864-77.
Edward Calvert: '''Edward Calvert''' ([[1799]]-[[1883]]), artist ; midshipman in the navy; art student at Plymouth and London; friend of William Blake; exhibivo a t the Royal Academy, 1825-36; engraver.
Frederick Calvert: '''Frederick Calvert''' , sixth BARON BALTIMORK (1731-1771), a rake; lived much abroad; the title extinct on his death; published journal of a Tour in the East ... 1763-4 and Latin verses.
Frederick Baltimore Calvert: '''Frederick Baltimore Calvert''' ([[1793]]-[[1877]]), actor and lecturer; son of Charles Oalvert the elder ; educated for Roman catholic priesthood; went on the stage; published A Defence of, the Drama 1824; travelled as a lecturer on elocution in Great Britain and America, 1829-46; lecturer in Edinburgh and Glasgow, 1846-77; published treatises on elocution.
Frederick Grace Calvert: '''Frederick Grace Calvert''' ([[1819]]-[[1873]]), chemist; resided in France studying and practising chemistry, 1835-46, chiefly under Michel Eugene Ohevreul; chemical teacher, specialist, and manufacturer in Manchester, 1846-73; died at the Vienna exhibition; published scientific papers.
George Calvert: '''George Calvert''' , first BARON BALTIMORE (1580?-1632), statesman; entered Trinity College, Oxford, 1594; B.A., 1597; travelled; secretary to Sir Robert Cecil; clerk of council in Ireland, 1608; M.P. for Bossiney, 1609-11; temporary secretary of state, 1612-13; a commissioner to investigate Irish grievances, 1613; knighted, 1617; secretary of state, 1619-25; a pensioner of the king, 1620; M.P. for Yorkshire, 1621; received large grants of land in Longford county; planted a colony (Avalon) in Newfoundland, 1621-3; professed Roman catholic, 1625; created baron, 1625; wintered at Avalon, 1628-9; prevented by the Virginia Company from planting a colony south of the James river, 1629-31; obtained a grant of land for a colony (Maryland) north of the Potomac, 1632.

[edit] Section 218

George Calvert: '''George Calvert''' ([[1795]]-[[1825]]), surgeon.
Sir Harry Calvert: '''Sir Harry Calvert''' ([[1763]] ?-[[1826]]), general; entered the army, 1778; served in America, 1779-81; ; prisoner-of-war, 1781-3; captain, 1786; aide-de-camp to the Duke of York in Holland, 1793-4; adjutant-general of the forces, 1799-1818; major-general, 1803; G.O.B., 1816; created baronet, 1818; lieutenant-governor of I Chelsea Hospital, 1820; general, 1821; his journals published, 1853.
James Snowden Calvert: '''James Snowden Calvert''' ([[1825]]-[[1884]]), Australian explorer; emigrated, 1840; joined Ludwig Leichhardt's exploring party, 1844-5.
Leonard Calvert: '''Leonard Calvert''' (d. [[1647]]), governor of Mary1 land; second son of George Oalvert, baron Baltimore ; planted Maryland, 1634; fought with Captain Olayborne, a prior settler, 1636; sent out to Maryland with a new commission, 1644; finally defeated Clayborne, i 1646-7.
Michael Calvert: '''Michael Calvert''' ([[1770]]-[[1862]]), author of a History of Knaresborough 1844; druggist,
Calvert: '''Calvert''' R AISLE Y (d. [[1794]]), sculptor.
Thomas Calvert: '''Thomas Calvert''' ([[1606]]-[[1679]]), puritan ; educated at Cambridge; preacher in York minster and incumbent of two churches in York; ejected, 1662: published sermons,
Thomas Calvert: '''Thomas Calvert''' ([[1776]]-[[1840]]), divine; called Thomas Jackson till 1819, when he inherited property; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1797; fellow, 1798: j tutor, 1814; D.D., 1823; Norrisian professor of divinity, 1814-24; vicar of Holme, Yorkshire, 1822; warden of 1 Manchester, 1823; published sermons.
Cambekl: '''Cambekl''' 191
Cameron: '''Cameron'''
Cambell: '''Cambell''' or CAMPBELL, SIR JAMES ([[1570]]-[[1642]]), ironmonger, of London; aldermau, 1620; lord mayor, 1629; knighted, 1630.
Giraldus Cambrensis: '''Giraldus Cambrensis''' ([[1146]]7-[[1220]]?). See GlRALIM'S.
Duke Ok Cambridge: '''Duke Ok Cambridge''' ([[1774]]-[[1850]]). See ADOLPHUS
Fhkdkuick: '''Fhkdkuick'''
Earls Op Cambridge: '''Earls Op Cambridge''' . See LANGLRY, EDWARD DE, 1341-1402; RICHARD, d. 1415; HAMILTON, JAMES, first EARL, 1589-1625: HAMILTON, JAMBS, second EARL, 1606-1649; HAMILTON, WILLIAM, third EARL, 16161651.
John Cambridge: '''John Cambridge''' (d. [[1335]]). See OANTEBRIO,
Dk John: '''Dk John''' .
Richard Owen Cambridge: '''Richard Owen Cambridge''' ([[1717]]-[[1802]]), author; educated at Eton and St. John's College, Oxford, 1734; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1737; published satirical verses, 1752-6, and a History of the War upon the Coast of Ooromandel 1761.
Marquis Op Camden: '''Marquis Op Camden''' ([[1759]]-[[1840]]). See PRATT,
Jeffreys John: '''Jeffreys John''' .
Earl of Camden: '''Earl of Camden''' ([[1713]]-[[1793]]). See PRATT,
Charles: '''Charles'''
William Camden: '''William Camden''' ([[1551]]-[[1623]]), antiquary and historian; educated at Christ's Hospital and (1564-6) at St. Paul's School; servitor (apparently to Thomas Cooper, schoolmaster) at Magdalen College, Oxford, 1566; migrated to Broadgates Hall, and afterwards to Christ Church (perhaps as servitor); asked grace for B.A., 1570; left Oxford, 1671, having been excluded from an All Soulsfellowship by the catholic fellows; began to travel up and down England, probably subsidised by Gabriel Goodman (d. 1601), dean of Westminster, collecting archaeological material; usher of Westminster School, 1575-93; appointed head-master, 1593; continued in vacations, 1578-1600, his personal tours of antiquarian investigation; publishedBritannia 1586; asked grace for M.A., June 1688; prebendary of Salisbury (though a layman), 1589-1623; published a Greek grammar, 1597; Clarenceux king-of-arms, 1597-1623; answered in his fifth edition of Britannia 1600, the criticisms (printed, 1599) of Ralph Brooke (or Brookesmouth); printed the epitaphs in Westminster Abbey, 1600: published certain chronicles (being some of his early collections for the Britannia,Anglica... a veteribus scripta Frankfort, 1603, containing in the text of Asser the interpolation about King Alfred's foundations in Oxford, and, 1605, Remains concerning Britain; issued the sixth (greatly enlarged) edition ofBritannia and printed the official account of the Gunpowder plot trials, 1607; named a foundation fellow of Matthew Sutcliffe's projected college at Chelsea, 1610; offered M.A. by Oxford University, 1613; communicated to Thuanus (Jacques Auguste de Thou) his manuscript history of Elizabeth's reign, c. 1607; published Annales... regnante Elizabetha... ad annum 1589 1615 the second part was printed posthumously, 1628; wrote a skeleton life of James I (printed, 1691); founded a chair of history in Oxford University, 1622; memorial verses,Camdeni Insignia printed after his death by Oxford University, 1624; bis correspondence printed by Thomas Smith, 1691.
Cameleac: '''Cameleac''' (d. [[927]]).
Camelford: '''Camelford''' first BARON ([[1737]]-[[1793]]). See PITT,

[edit] Section 219

Thomas: '''Thomas'''
Sir Alan Cameron: '''Sir Alan Cameron''' ([[1763]]-[[1828]]), of Errach, general; volunteer officer in America, 1776-82; prisoner of war, 1782; returned to Scotland, 1784; raised the Cameron Highlanders (79th regiment), 1794; commanded it in Flanders, 1795, and the West Indies, 1796; lieutenant-colonel, 1796; recruited his regiment, 1798; commanded it in Holland, 1799, and Egypt, 1801; raised a second battalion, 1804; colonel, 1804; commanded the 79th in Denmark, 1807; brigadier-general, 1808; collected the stragglers of Sir John Moore's army, 1809; commanded brigade at Talavera, 1809, and Busaco, 1810; major-general and invalided home, 1810; K.O.B., 1815; lieutenant-general, 1819.
Alexander Cameron: '''Alexander Cameron''' ([[1747]]-[[1828]]), Roman catholic prelate; educated at Rome; missioner at Strathav. M, 1772; rector of the Scots college, Valladolid, 1780; titular bishop of Mnximianopolis, 1798; coadjutor-bishop in Scotland, 1802, and vicar-apostolic of the Lowlands, 1806-26.
Sir Alexander Cameron: '''Sir Alexander Cameron''' ([[1781]]-[[1860]]), of Inverailort, general: ensign, 1797; lieutenant, 1800; served in Holland, 1799, Denmark, 1800, and Egypt, 1801: captain, 1805; served with distinction in Peninsula, 1808-13; brevet major, 1811; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1812; served in Flanders, 1813, and at Quatre Bras and Waterloo, 1815; major-general and K.C.B., 1838.
Archibald Cameron: '''Archibald Cameron''' ([[1707]]-[[1753]]), Jacobite; a younger son of Lochiel; studied medicine at Edinburgh and Paris; practised in Lochaber; acted as physician to the insurgents, 1745: effected the escape of Prince Charles, 1746; became physician to a regiment in the French service; arrested, 1753, while collecting money in Scotland; executed at London.
Charles Duncan Cameron: '''Charles Duncan Cameron''' (d. [[1870]]), British consul; army officer, 1846-51; served in South Africa, 1846-7 and 1851-2; political agent in Zululand and magistrate in Natal; officer it the Turkish service at Kars, 1855; British vice-consul in A. in Minor, 1858; consul at Massowah, 1862; imprisoned by King Theodore at Gondar, 1864, an act which occasioned the Abyssinian war; released, 1868.
Charles Hay Cameron: '''Charles Hay Cameron''' ([[1795]]-[[1880]]), jurist; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1820; commissioner on law administration in Ceylon, 1831, and on the poor laws, 1833; law member of the Supreme Council of India, 1835; employed in codifying the Indian penal laws; returned to England, 1848; retired to Ceylon, 1875.
Donald Cameron: '''Donald Cameron''' ([[1695]] ?-[[1748]]), the GEXTLK
Lochiel: '''Lochiel''' ; succeeded to chieftaincy of the clan Cameron, 1719; reluctantly joined Prince Charles, 1745; accom ! panied him to Edinburgh and Derby; wounded at Fal kirk, 1746, apd Culloden, 1746; attainted; escaped with i Prince Charles to France, 1746; commanded regiment in ithe French service.
Sir Duncan Alexander Cameron: '''Sir Duncan Alexander Cameron''' ([[1808]]j 1888), general; ensign, 42nd royal highlanders, 1825; I captain, 1833; lieutenant-colonel, 1843; served in Crimea, with local rank in Turkey of brigadier; C.B., 1865; major-general, 1859; commander of forces in New Zealand, 1861; K.C.B., 1864; resigned commission and returned to England, 1865; colonel, 1863; general, 1874; governor of Sandhurst, 1868-75; G.C.B., 1873.
Sir Ewen Cameron: '''Sir Ewen Cameron''' or EVAN ([[1629]]-[[1719]]), of Lochiel; a hostage in the hands of the Marquis of Argyll, 1641-7; resided in Lochaber, 1647, hunting wolves and fighting the Macdonalds; raised his clan to fight the Commonwealth forces, 1652; submitted on honourable terms to Monck, 1658; accompanied Monck to London; received at Charles IPs court, 1660, but his claims disregarded; at feud with the Macintoshes; knighted, 1681; raised his clan to join Viscount Dundee, 1690; retired to Lochaber after Killiecrankie; submitted to William III, 1692; sent his clan to join the Earl of Mar's rising, 1714.
George Poulett Cameron: '''George Poulett Cameron''' ([[1806]]-[[1882]]), colonel; cadet in the Madras army, 1821; served against the Mahrattas, 1824-5: served with Don Pedro in Portugal, 1832-3; in the Persian service, 1836-8; in the East India Company's service, 1842-58; published travels and memoirs.
Hugh Cameron: '''Hugh Cameron''' ([[1705]]-[[1817]]), millwright; introduced spinning-wheel into the highlands; designed the first barley-mill north of the Forth; built numerous lintmills in the highlands.
John Cameron: '''John Cameron''' (d. [[1446]]), bishop of Glasgow; probably of a Midlothian family; official of Lothian, 1422; rector of Cambuslang, Lanarkshire, 1424; secretary to James I of Scotland; provost of Lincluden, 1426; keeper of the privy seal; keeper of the great seal, 1426: chancellor of Scotland, 1426-39; bishop of Glasgow, 1428; supported the royal authority against the ecclesiastical courts: envoy to the council of Basle, 1433, to Italy, 1436, and to England, 1437.
Cameron: '''Cameron''' 192
Campbell: '''Campbell'''
John Cameron: '''John Cameron''' ([[1579]]?-[[1626]]), theologian ; educated at Glasgow; taught Greek and Latin at Bordeaux, 1600, and Sedan, 1602: sent by the protestant church at Bordeaux to study divinity at Paris, Geneva, and Heidelberg, 1604-8: protestant minister at Bordeaux, 1608-17; professor of divinity at Sauinur, 1618; withdrew to London, 1630; principal of Glasgow University, 1622; hated for his subserviency to James I; returned to Saumur, 1623; professor of divinity at Montauban, 1624; wrote theological treatises.
John Cameron: '''John Cameron''' ([[1724]]-[[1799]]), presbyterian : bookseller's apprentice at Edinburgh; graduated M.A. there; minister of the reformed presbyterian church; itinerant preacher in Ulster, 1750; presbyterian minister at Dunluce, 1765-99: published, mainly anonymously, treatises of a Unitarian tendency.
John Cameron: '''John Cameron''' ([[1771]]-[[1815]]), of Fassiefern, colonel ; educated at Aberdeen; ensign, 1793; lieutenant, 1794; served in Holland, 1799, and Egypt, 1801; major, 1801; lieutenant-colonel, 1808; commanded Gordon Highlanders (92nd regiment) in Holland, 1809, and throughout the Peninsular war, 1810-14; killed at Quatre Bras.
Sir John Cameron: '''Sir John Cameron''' ([[1773]]-[[1844]]), of Oalchenna, general; educated at Eton; ensign, 1787; served in West Indies, 1793; captain, 1794; prisoner of war, 1794-7; served in West Indies, 1797-1800: lieutenant-colonel, 1807; commanded battalion of 9th regiment in Portugal, 1808, Holland, 1809, and the Peninsula, 1810-13; colonel, 1814; held command in Canada, 1814, and France, 1815: K.O.B., 1816; major-general, 1821; lieutenant-general, 1837.
John Alexander Cameron: '''John Alexander Cameron''' (d. [[1885]]), war correspondent; bank clerk in Inverness; merchant's clerk in Bombay; war correspondent in Afghanistan, 1878-80, Natal, 1880-1, Egypt, 1882, Madagascar, Tonquin, and Egypt, 1884; killed in action.
Julia Margaret Cameron: '''Julia Margaret Cameron''' ([[1815]]-[[1879]]), photographer of Charles Darwin, Alfred Tennyson, and Robert Browning: n6e Pattle; born at Calcutta; married, 1838, Charles Hay Cameron; came to England, 1848; took up photography, c. 1865; retired to Ceylon, 1876.
Lucy Lyttelton Cameron: '''Lucy Lyttelton Cameron''' ([[1781]]-[[1858]]), writer of religious tales for children: daughter of George Butt; married, 1806, the Rev. Charles Richard Cameron.
Richard Cameron: '''Richard Cameron''' (d. [[1680]]), covenanter ; schoolmaster and precentor at Falkland, Fife; tutor in the family of Scott of Harden; field preacher in Dumfries and Lanark shires; went to Holland, 1678; returned, 1680; joined in the act of deposing Charles II at Sanquhar; outlawed; killed in a skirmish at Aird's Moss, Ayrshire. The Reformed Presbyterians are from him popularly termed Oameronians
Verney Lovett Cameron: '''Verney Lovett Cameron''' ([[1844]]-[[1894]]), African explorer: entered navy, 1857; midshipman, 1860: lieutenant, 1866: in Abyssinian campaign, 1868; employed in suppression of slave trade in East Africa; leader of Royal Geographical Society's expedition to aid Livingstone, 1873; journeyed from Rahenneko to Unyanyembe, where he heard of Livingstone's death; proceeded to Lake Tanganyika, and the sources of the Zambesi and Bine, and arrived at Katombela, 1876: commander and O.B., 1876; received R.G.S. gold medal; honorary D.O.L. Oxford: travelled in Asiatic Turkey, 1878; accompanied Sir Richard Francis Burton to west coast of Africa, 1882; retired from navy, 1883; published tales of adventure and accounts of his travels.

[edit] Section 220

William Cameron: '''William Cameron''' ([[1761]]-[[1811]]), Scottish poet; educated at Aberdeen: minister of Kirknewton, Midlothian, 1786; joint-editor of the ScotsParaphrases wrote chiefly didactic verse.
John Camidoe: '''John Camidoe''' , the elder ([[1735]]-[[1803]]), organist : chorister of York Minster; partly taught by Handel; organist of York Minster, 1756-99.
John Camidoe: '''John Camidoe''' , the younger ([[1790]]-[[1859]]), organist; taught by his father, Matthew Camidge; ilns.Bac., 1812, and Mus. Doc. Cambridge, 1819; assistant organist at York Minster, and organist, 1842-69: published church music.
Matthew Camidge: '''Matthew Camidge''' ([[1758]]-[[1844]]), organist ; son of John Oamidge the elder; chorister of the Chapel Royal; assistant organist at York Minster; organist, 1799-1842; published musical compositions,
Anne Camm: '''Anne Camm''' ([[1627]]-[[1705]]), quakeress ; nte Newby; educated in puritan surroundings in London, 1640-7; married, at Kendal, 1650, John Audland (d. 1663); joined the quiikers, 1652, and preached for the rest of her life, especially in Oxfordshire; imprisoned at Banbury, 1663; married Thomas Oamm, c. 1665.
John Camm: '''John Camm''' ([[1604]]?-[[1656]]), quaker minister ; joined the quakers, 1652; came to London to interview Cromwell, 1654; visited Bristol and London, 1656; published tracts.
Thomas Camm: '''Thomas Camm''' ([[1641]]-[[1707]]), quaker minister ; son of John Oamm; imprisoned for not paying tithes, 1674; fined for unlicensed preaching, 1678; imprisoned, probably for preaching, 1680-6; published tracts.
Saint Cammin: '''Saint Cammin''' (d. [[653]]).
George Camocke: '''George Camocke''' ([[1666]] ?-[[1722]] ?), naval officer ; of an Essex family; born in Ireland; entered the navy, 1682: lieutenant, 1690; served in the Channel, the Mediterranean, and off Spain, 1690-7; served, chiefly on the Irish coast, 1699-1712; captain, 1702; served in Mediterranean, 1713-14; convoyed the Spanish army from Sicily to Spain on his own responsibility, 1714, and was cashiered in consequence, 1715; rear-admiral in the Spanish service; tried to bribe English naval officers to join the Jacobite party, 1718: defeated off Cape Passaro, 1718; banished by Spain to Ceuta, 1719.
Thomas De Camoys: '''Thomas De Camoys''' , fifth BARON (d. [[1420]]), succeeded to the barony, 1372; served in France, c. 1377, Scotland, 1385, and Spain, 1386; removed, by Gloucester's influence, from the court of Richard II, 1388; served against the Welsh, 1401; envoy to Flanders, 1405, and France, 1406; commanded left wing at Agincourt, 1415; E.G., 1416.
Alexander Campbell: '''Alexander Campbell''' (d. [[1608]]), bishop of Brechin, 1566-1608; made bishop by the Earl of Argyll, solely that that nobleman might get hold of the estates of the see; never consecrated, though he sat in parliament; studied at Geneva, 1573: acted as minister at Brechin after his return in 1574, and was frequently prosecuted in the church courts for neglect of duty.
Alexander Campbell: '''Alexander Campbell''' , second EARL OF MARCH-
Mont: '''Mont''' ([[1675]]-[[1740]]), younger son of Patrick Hume, first earl; took the name Campbell on his marriage with the heiress of Campbell of Cessnock, Ayrshire, 1697; studied law at Utrecht; Scottish advocate, 1696; lord of session with style of Lord Cessnock, 1704-14: M.P. for Berwickshire in the Scottish parliament, 1706; advocated the union: lord-lieutenant of Berwickshire, 1716; envoy to Denmark, 1715-21; lord clerk register of Scotland, 1716-33; envoy to the congress at Cambray, 1722; succeeded to the earldom, 1724; a representative Scottish peer; opposed Walpole's excise scheme, 1733.
Alexander Campbell: '''Alexander Campbell''' ([[1764]]-[[1824]]), miscellaneous writer; organist and music-master in Edinburgh, Sir Walter Scott being one of his pupils; studied medicine; published tours in Scotland, collections of Scottish songs, musical compositions, and verses.
Alexander Campbell: '''Alexander Campbell''' ([[1788]]-[[1866]]), founder of the Oampbellites; native of Antrim; studied at Glasgow, 1808; followed his father, a secession church minister, to the United States, 1809: ordained minister in his father's sect, 1811: prospered as a farmer; allied himself to the baptists, 1812; quarrelled with the baptists, 1826, and founded a new church, calledthe Church of the Disciples (popularly the Campbellites); founded for it Bethany College, West Virginia, 1841; wrote theological tracts.
Sir Alexander Campbell: '''Sir Alexander Campbell''' ([[1822]]-[[1892]]), Canadian politician; taken to Canada at early age; admitted attorney, and called to bar, 1842; Q.C. and bencher of Law Society, 1856; dean of faculty of law. Queen's University, Kingston; member for Cataraqui of legislative council, 1858, and speaker, 1863; commissioner of crown lands, 1863-4; privy councillor of Canada, 1867: postmaster-general, 1867-73, 1879, 1880, and 1885-7;
Campbell: '''Campbell''' 193
Campbell: '''Campbell''' senator, 1KG7; leader of conservative opposition in te IH::, M; receiver-general, 1878; minister of militiu, isTi; minister of justice, 1881; K.C.M.G., 1879; lieutenant-governor of Unturio, 1887-92.
Anna Mackenzie Campbell: '''Anna Mackenzie Campbell''' , OOUNTKSS OK
Bawarrks: '''Bawarrks''' anil afterwards of AKUYLL ([[1621]] ?-17uf, V), ter of Colin Maekcn.ir, earl Of Seaforth; married, 1640, Alexander Lindsay, afterwards earl of BaL (d. 1G5 (.), an ardent royalist; joined her husband in the highlands, 1051; sold tier jewels to meet debts incurred by her husband in the king's cause, 1661; accompanied her husband to France, 1654; governess to the Prince of Orange at the Hague, 1657-9; returned to France, Itito; was living in England in distressed circumstances, 1661; returned to Scotland, 1662; received a pension from the n, 1664; laboured to clear the Balcarres estates of debt; married, 1670, Archibald Campbell, marquis and eighth earl of Argyll; impoverished by his forfeiture, imprisoned at Stirling, 1685, but released after Argyll's execution.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' , second EARL OF ARGYLL (d. 1513), eldest son of Colin Campbell, first earl; v. led to the earldom, 1493; lord high chancellor of ml, 1494; joint-administrator of the lordship of the , Jim; suppressed revolt of islanders, 1504; governor of the Argyllshire islands, 1506; slain at Flodden.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' , fourth EARL OK ARGYLL (d. 1558), eldest sou of Colin Campbell, third earl; snivelled to the earldom, 1530; suppressed rebellion in Argyllshire islands, 1530; imprisoned on charge of having ..d the rebellion by oppression; joined Huntly and other peers in taking the infant queen Mary from the ly of the Earl of Arran, then regent, 1543; resisted tit Earl of Lennox's descent on the Clyde, 1544, and obtained a grant of his forfeited estates; commanded right win-. at Pinkie, 1547; generally opposed the aggressions of Henry VIII: became a reformer; entertained John Knox at Castle Campbell, Clackmannanshire, 1656; signed the first protestaut engagement, 1557.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' , fifth EARL OF ARGYLL (1530-1573), eldest son of Archibald Campbell, fourth earl; styled Lord of Lorne up to 1558; a hearer of John Knox, 1556; joined in inviting Knox to return from Geneva, 1557; signed the first protestaut engagement, 1557; succeeded to the earldom, August 1558; supported the queen-regent in repressing the protestant mob at Perth, May 1559, but joined Lord James Stuart andthe lords of the congregation in signing the protestant engagement; present at the destruction of St. Andrews Cathedral, June 1559; marched with Lord James Stuart against the queen-regent at Cupar-Fife; captured Perth and Edinburgh; brought his highlanders to fight the French garrison of Leith; asked Elizabeth's intervention, 1560, in return for a promise to help her in subduing Ireland; a commissioner to destroy popish monuments in the west, 1560: received Queen Mary at Leith, 1561, and entertained her in Argyllshire, 1663; opposed her marriage with Darnley, 1565; forced by Queen Elizabeth's nonintervention to make his peace with Mary; privy to the plot to murder Darnley, 1567; assented to Mary's marriage with Bothwell, 1567; intrigued to deliver Mary from Lochleven Castle; sentenced by the general assembly to do penance for his domestic quarrels; Mary's defeat at Langside caused by his half-hearted support, 1568; submitted to the regent Moray, 1669; intrigued for Mary's return, 1570; again submitted to the young king James VI's party, 1571; lord high chancellor, 1672.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' , seventh EARL OF ARGYLL (1576 ?-1638), eldest son of Colin Campbell, sixth earl ; succeeded to the earldom, 1684; defeated by Huntly at Glenlivat, 1594; imprisoned at Edinburgh, 1595; reconciled to Huntly, 1603; joined Huutly in exterminating the Macgregors, 1608; embraced Catholicism; subdued the Clandonalds of Kintyre, 1815; fled from his creditors into Flanders, ceding his estates to his son, 1619; attainted ou-account of his being in the Spanish service, 1619; restored, 1621; returned to London.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' , MARQUIS OF ARGYLL and eighth EARL(1598-1661), nicknamed, from his squint, GUlespie Grumach and the glaed-eyed marquis; eldest son of Archibald Campbell, seventh earl; styled Lord of Lorne till November 1638; fought in Kintyre, 1615; took over the estates from his father, 1619; privy councillor, i 1626; extraordinary lord of session, 1G34; summoned to London to advi-e Charles I, after the renewal of the covenant, 1638; discovered that Charles I had empowered the Earl of Antrim to invade Kintyre; succeeded to the earldom, November 1638; accepted the abolition of episcopacy by the general assembly, 1638; raised un army, took Brodick Castle, ami i-ncanipcd at Stirling; negotiated the peace of Berwick between the Scots and (harles I, June 1639; iilienated by his continual opposition to the king from Montrose; jM'rsuaded the Scottish parliament to sit in defiance of the king's order, and to appoint an executive committee, 1640; ravaged the lands of royalist nobles in IVrth, Aberdeen, and Forfar shires; imprisoned Montrose on a charge of slandering him to the king, June 1641: negotiated with the king at Edinburgh, September 1641; fled from Edinburgh, alleging that there was a plot to arrest him, October 1641; forced Charles I to accept the terms of the Scottish parliament, November 1641; intrigued to prevent Charles from getting help from Scotland, 1642; accompanied the Scottish army into England, January 1644; sent to repress Huntly's northern rising, April, and the Irish invasion of the west, July, 1644; resigned his commission, having been out-generalled by Montrose; surprised at Inverary by Montrose, and the Campbell country ravaged, December 1644; routed by Moutrose at Inverlochy, February 1645, and at Kilsyth in August; recovered his influence after Montrose's defeat at Philliphaugh, September 1645; negotiated with Charles at Newcastle, May 1646, and at London with the parliament, June 1646; became head of j the new executive committee and invited Cromwell to Edinburgh, October 1646; enraged at the execution of 1 Charles I, joined in proclaiming Charles II, February 1650; consented to Montrose's execution, May 1650; joined Charles II, but did not obtain his confidence; set the crown on Charles IPs head, January 1651; vainly opposed the invasion of England; was besieged at Inverary; submitted to the Commonwealth, August 1652; engaged in intrigues in London, 1656; M.P. for Aberdeenshire in the Commonwealth parliament, 1658; came to London to welcome Charles II, 1660; charged with high treason; condemned at Edinburgh and executed, May 1661.

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Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' , ninth EARL OF ARGYLL (d. 1685), eldest son of Archibald Campbell, marquis and I eighth earl of Argyll; styled Lord of Lorne till j 1663; travelled in France and Italy, 1648-9; a far more energetic royalist than his father; captain of Charles 1 1's Scottish lifeguard, 1650; fought at Duubar; tried to raise his clan for Charles II, September 1650; joined the highland royalists, 1653; quarrelled with them and withdrew his own men, January 1654; was excepted j from Cromwell's act of pardon, May 1654, and remained in arms; directed by Charles II to make his peace with Cromwell, March 16S6; submitted accordingly, 1655; suspected of plotting a royalist rising, August 1656; imprisoned at Edinburgh, 1657-60; well received at I Charles II's court, 1660; strong efforts made by Middleton to involve him in his father's fall, 1661; supported by i Laudcrdale; imprisoned, July 1661, and sentenced to i death, August, but the date left in Charles II's hands; released, June 1663; sentence of death recalled; restored to earldom and heavily burdened estates, 1663; Scottish privy counsellor, 1664; disarmed covenanters in Kintyre, 1665; hated by the extreme episcopalians, who accused him of favouring the insurgents. 1666; commissioner for quieting the highlands, 1667; raised a militia regiment, 1670; was constantly enjoined to repress conventicles after 1671, and constantly urged gentler measures; extraordinary lord of session, 1674-80; at war with the McCleaus of Mull, 1674-8; ordered to disarm and secure i highland papists, 1679; ordered to send his highlanders to ! be quartered in the whig districts; opposed the arbitrary I measures resorted to by James, duke of York, then high l commissioner for Scotland, 1680; strongly opposed the Scottish test act, 1681; imprisoned on a charge of treason, November, sentenced to death and his estates forfeited, December 1681; escaped to London and to Holland, 1682; in treaty with the Rye House conspirators, 1683; appointed commander of the descent on Scotland, April 1685; published declaration in favour of Monmouth at Caiapbeltown, May, but was not joined by his elan;
Campbell: '''Campbell''' 194
Campbell: '''Campbell''' worsted by the king's ships at Inverary: taken prisoner, June 10S5: cM-rntnl. without trial, at Rdinboxgb, in virtue of the sentence passed in 1681.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' , first DUKK OK ARGYLL (. 1703), eldest son of Archibald Campbell, ninth earl ; granted maintenance out of the forfeited estates, c. 1682: offered to resist his father's invasion, 1685; (ailed to obtain restoration of his title and estates by embracing Catholicism; joined William of Orange at the Hague, and accompanied him to England; took his place in the Scottish convention as Earl of Argyll, March 1689: commissioner to offer the crown of Scotland to William and Mary; Scottish privy councillor, May; restored to the title and estates, June 1689: undertook to extirpate the Macdonalds of Glencoe, 1692; extraordinary lord of session, 1694; created Duke of Argyll, June 1701.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' (d. [[1744]]), bishop of Aberdeen; said to have taken part in Argyll's invasion, 1685; withdrew to Surinam; a rigid noujuror on his return; frequently imprisoned: consecrated bishop by three ejected Scottish bishops, 1711; resided in London; negotiated for the union of the nonjurors with the Greek church, 1717; elected bishop of Aberdeen, 1721, but resided in London; resigned, 1724, and formed a separate noujuring community; published theological tracts.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' ([[1691]]-[[1756]]), theologian ; educated at Edinburgh and Glasgow; minister of Larbert, 1718; a philosophical treatise by himself published fraudulently under a friend's name, 1728; professor of church history at St. Andrews, 1730; published theological treatises,
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' , third DUKE OF ARGYLL (1682-1761), younger son of Archibald Campbell, first duke; styled Lord Archibald Campbell till 1705; educated at Eton and Glasgow; studied law at Utrecht: served under Marl borough; lord high treasurer of Scotland, 1705: promoted the union; created Earl of Islay, October 1705; a Scottish representative peer, 1707; extraordinary lord of session, 1708; justice-general, 1710; lord register of Scotland, 1714; raised Argyllshire for George I, 1715: fought at Sheriffmuir, 1715; overcame Scottish opposition to the malt tax, 1725, and became Walpole's chief adviser in Scotland; keeper of the privy seal, 1725, and of the great seal, 1734-61; chancellor of Aberdeen University; succeeded to the dukedom, 1743; advised the raising of highland regiments, 1746; rebuilt Inverary Castle.
Archibald Campbell: '''Archibald Campbell''' ([[1726]] ?-[[1780]]), satirist: son of Archibald Campbell (1691-1756); purser of a man-of-war; befriended William Falconer, 1745; satirised Biimuel Johnson in Lexiphanes and other writers in Sale of Authors 1767; died at Kingston, Jamaica,
Sir Archibald Campbell: '''Sir Archibald Campbell''' ([[1739]]-[[1791]]), of Inverneil, general; captain, 1757; served in America, 1757-64, and in India till 1773, becoming lieutenant-colonel; M.P. for Stirling burghs, 1774 and 1789; prisoner of war in America, 1775; brigadier-general, 1776; captured Savannah; major-general, 1782; governor of Jamaica, and active in checking the French; K.C.B., 1785; governor of Madras, 1786-9.
Sir Archibald Campbell: '''Sir Archibald Campbell''' ([[1769]]-[[1843]]), general ; ensign, 1787; served in India, 1788-99, distinguishing himself at Seringapatam: captain, 1799; major, 1804; served in Portugal and in Sir John Moore's campaign, 1808; lieutenant-colonel, 1809: commanded Portuguese regiment, 1810, and Portuguese brigade, 1811-14; colonel, 1814; K.O.B., 1815; Portuguese commander at Lisbon, 1816-20; commanded regiment in India, 1821; entrusted with conduct of Burmese war; took Rangoon, May 1824; defeated Bundoola, the chief Burmese general, 1825; took Prome; made major-general; marched on Ava, December 1825; dictated terms of peace, February 1826: governor of British Burmah, 1826-9; created baronet, 1831; lieutenant-governor of New Brunswickr-1831-7; 1, -itenant-feneral, 1838.
Colin Campbell: '''Colin Campbell''' , second LORD CAMPBELL and first EARL OF ARGYLL (d. 1493), succeeded his grandfather in the peerage, 1453: obtained by marriafrc and treuty the estates and lordship of Lome; created Earl of Argyll, 1457; lord justiciary, 1465; lord high chancellor, 1 l.sii; joined the conspiracy against James III, envoy to England, 1488.
Colin Campbell: '''Colin Campbell''' , third EARL OF ARGYLL (d. 1530), eldeft son of Archibald Campbell, st-i-oinl earl ; succeeded to the earldom, 1513; frustrated the plans of Donald, lord of the Isles, 1518-17; became the chief power in the west highlands; one of the council of regency, 1525; took James V's side against the regent Angus, 1528; made hereditary sheriff of Argyllshire and hereditary justiciary; lord justice-general, 1529.
Colin Campbell: '''Colin Campbell''' , sixth EARL OF ARGYLL (d. 1584), second son of Archibald Campbell, fourth earl ; succeeded his half-brother, Archibald Campbell, fifth earl, 1573; compelled by the regent Morton to surrender the crown jewels, 1575; plotted with Atholl to overthrow Morton, 1578; collected an army, but came to terms; lord high chancellor, 1579; a promoter of Morton's execution, 1581; implicated in the raid of Ruthveu 1 to seize James VI, 1582, and in the plot to release him, June 1583.
Colin Campbell: '''Colin Campbell''' ([[1644]]-[[1726]]), theologian; edu-i cated at St. Andrews; minister of Ardchattan, Argyllshire, 1667-1726; corresponded with Isaac Newton; wrote theological treatises.
Colin Campbell: '''Colin Campbell''' (d. [[1729]]), architect ; designed the Rolls House, Chancery Lane, 1717, and Drumlaurig Castle; published Vitruvius Britanuicus 1717-25.
Colin Campbell: '''Colin Campbell''' (d. [[1782]]), of Kilberry, Argyllshire; major in the army; cashiered for the manslaughter of Captain John McKaarg at Martinico, 1762.
Colin Campbell: '''Colin Campbell''' ([[1754]]-[[1814]]), general; ensign, 1771; lieutenant, 1774; served in North America and West Indies, 1775-95; major, 1783; lieutenant-colonel, 1795; served in Ireland, 1796-1811; at Vinegar Hill, 1798; major-general, 1811; lieutenant-general, 1811; acting governor of Gibraltar, 1811-14.
Sir Colin Campbell: '''Sir Colin Campbell''' ([[1776]]-[[1847]]), general ; ran away to sea, 1792; midshipman on an East Indiaman, 1793; militia officer, 1795; served in West Indies, 17991801; lieutenant, 1801; served in India, 1802-6: distinguished himself at Ahmednuggm 1803; brigade-major at Assaye, 1803; served In Denmark, 1807. and in Portugal, 1808; major, 1808; served in the Peninsula, 1809-14; brevet lieutenant-colonel, 1810; assistant quartermaster-general, 1812; K.C.B., 1814; at Waterloo, 1815: major-general, 1825; appointed governor ot Nova Scotia, 1833, and of Ceylon, 1839; returned to England, 1847.
Sir Colin Campbell: '''Sir Colin Campbell''' , BARON CLYDE ([[1792]]-[[1863]]), field marshal: son of Colin Macliver, a Glasgow carpenter; took the name Campbell through an error of the Duke of York, 1807; ensign, 1808; served in Portugal and under Sir John Moore, 1808; at Walcheren, 1809; lieutenant, 1809; served in the Peninsula, 1810-13, displaying conspicuous courage at Barossa, 1811, San Sebastian, and the Bidassoa, 1813; captain, 1813; served in Nova Scotia, 1814, at Gibraltar, 1816, and in the West Indies, 1819-26; major, 1825; lieutenant-colonel, 1832; served in China, 1842-6; brigadier-general, 1844; served in India, 1846-53; K.C.B., 1849; major-general, 1854; commanded highland brigade at the Alma, 1854; commanded first division in Crimea, 1854-5; returned to England, having been badly treated by the authorities, 1855; lieutenant-general, 1856: D.C.L. Oxford, 1867; commander-in-chief in India, 1857-60; suppressed the Indian mutiny, 1867-8; created Baron Clyde, 1858; field-marshal, 1862; buried in Westminster Abbey.
Daniel Campbell: '''Daniel Campbell''' (more correctly DONALD) (1666-1722), divine: educated at Aberdeen and Edinburgh; M.A. Aberdeen, 1686; minister of Glassary, Argyllshire, 1691-1722; publishedSacramental Meditations 1698, and other devotional works.
Daniel Campbell: '''Daniel Campbell''' or DONALD ([[1671]] ?-[[1763]]), of Shawfield, member of parliament; a successful Glasgow merchant: M.P., Inverary, 1702; bought Shawfield, 1707; M.P., Glasgow burghs, 1716-34; Shawfield House burnt by the malt- tax mob, 1725; bought Islay, 1727. :
Campbell: '''Campbell''' 195
Campbell: '''Campbell'''
Donald Campbell: '''Donald Campbell''' (d. [[1562]]), ecclesiastic; youngest son of Archibald Campbell, second earl of Arevll q. v.l; abbot of Cupar-Angus, 1626 till death: keeper of the privy seal; lord of session, 1541; privy coum-illor,,1643 and 1647; lord of the articles, 1546 and 1654; nominated to the see of Brechin, but refuse! admission by the pope, 1659.
Donald Campbell: '''Donald Campbell''' ([[1751]]-[[1804]]), of Barbreck, Indian traveller; published account of his Journey over land to India

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Duncan Campbell: '''Duncan Campbell''' ([[1680]] ?-[[1730]]), charlatan; born in Lapland; son of a Scottish seaman and a native; deaf and dumb; a fortune-teller in London, 1694; withdrew, in debt, to Rotterdam; returned to London; told tor-turns and sold miraculous cures; married a rich widow Pamphlets on his life and adventures were written by Daniel Defoe, 1720-6.
Lord Frederick Campbell: '''Lord Frederick Campbell''' ([[1729]]-[[1816]]), lord clerk register of Scotland, 1768-1816; M.P., Glasgow burghs, 1761-80; M.P., Argyllshire, 1780-99.
Frederick William Campbell: '''Frederick William Campbell''' ([[1782]]-[[1846]]), genealogist; eldest son of Donald Campbell (1751-1804) ; captain in the army; compiled genealogy of the Campbells of Barbreck.
George Campbell: '''George Campbell''' ([[1719]]-[[1796]]), theologian ; educated at Aberdeen and Edinburgh; minister of Banchory Ternan, Aberdeenshire, 1748; minister of Aberdeen, 1767; principal of Marischal College, Aberdeen, 1759-92, and professor of divinity there, 1771-92; D.D., 1764; minister of Grey Friars, Aberdeen, 1771-92. His works include a Dissertation on Miracles 1762.
George Campbell: '''George Campbell''' ([[1761]]-[[1817]]), poet ; shoemaker at Kilmarnock; studied at Glasgow; minister of the secession church, Stockbridge, Berwickshire, 1794-1817; published Poems 1787, and Sermons 1816.
Sir George Campbell: '''Sir George Campbell''' ([[1824]]-[[1892]]), Indian administrator; educated at Edinburgh New Academy, Madras College, St. Andrews, St. Andrews University, and Haileybury; went to India, 1842; collector at Badaon, Rohilcund, 1843; in England, 1851-4; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1854; magistrate and collector of Arimghur, 1854; assistant to John Russell Colvin In general government of northern provinces, 1855; commissioner of Ois-Sutlej states, 1855; served in Indian mutiny; employed by Lord Canning, governor-general, to write official account of mutiny for the home authorities, 1857; second civil commissioner of Oude; judge of high court of Bengal, 1862; head of commission to inquire into causes of famine in Bengal, 1866; chief commissioner of central provinces, 1867; D.C.L. Oxford, 1870; lieutenant-governor of Bengal, 1871-4; K.O.S.I., 1873; liberal M.P. for Kirkcaldy, 1875-92. His works include Ethnology of India 1865.
George Douglas Campbell: '''George Douglas Campbell''' , eighth DUKK OF
Argyll: '''Argyll''' ([[1823]]-[[1900]]) ; succeeded his brother, John Henry (b. 1821), as Marquis of Lome, 1837; published writings relating to the struggle in church of Scotland, 1842-8; succeeded to dukedom, 1847; F.R.S., 1851; chancellor of St. Andrews University, 1861; lord rector of Glasgow University, 1854; president of Royal Society of Edinburgh, 1861; prominent in politics as a whig; privy seal, 1853-5, 1859-60, and 1860-6; postmaster-general, 1855-8 and 1860; secretary of state for India, 1868-74, and adopted foreign policy of friendship to neighbouring states, and financial policy of decentralisation; opposed tory government's policy iu Eastern question, and in Afghanistan, 1877-80; privy seal, 1880-1; opposed home rule, 1886 and 1893; K.T., 1856; D.O.L. Oxford, 1870; K.G., 1883. A follower of the cataclysmal school in geology, and never in agreement with the younger evolutional school, he yet exerted a useful influence on scientific progress. H published works on science, religion, and politics.
Sir Guy Campbell: '''Sir Guy Campbell''' ([[1786]]-[[1849]]), major-general; eldest son of Colin Campbell (1754-1814); ensign, 1795; lieutenant, 1796; served in Ireland, 1798, and Canada, 1803; captain, 1804; served in Portugal and with Sir John Moore, 1808; major, 1813; served in the Peninsula, 1813; baronet, 1816; at Waterloo, 1815; in Ireland, 1828; major-general, 1841.
Hahriette Campbell: '''Hahriette Campbell''' ([[1817]]-[[1841]]), novelist; mblishedThe Only Daughter 1837, and two other novels.
Hugh Campbell: '''Hugh Campbell''' , third EARL OP LOUDOUN (. 1731); succeeded to the earldom, 1684; Scottish privy councillor, 1697; extraordinary lord of session, 16991731: joint secretary of state for Scotland, 1704; strongly advocated the union; keeper of the great seal of Scotland, 1708-13; Scottish representative peer; English privy councillor, 1708; lord-lieutenant of Ayrshire, 1715; fought at Sheriffmuir, 1715; frequently lord high commissioner to the general assembly of the kirk of Scotland,
Sir Ilay Campbell: '''Sir Ilay Campbell''' ([[1734]]-[[1823]]), of Succoth, Scottish judge; advocate, 1757; engaged on the Douglas peerage case, c. 1764-9; solicitor-general for Scotland, 1783; lord advocate, 1784; M.P. for Glasgow burghs, 1784; lord president of the court of session, 1799-1808, styled Lord Succoth; created baronet, 1808; published Scots law reports.
Sir James Campbell: '''Sir James Campbell''' ([[1570]]-[[1642]]). See CAM-
Bell: '''Bell'''
Sir James Campbell: '''Sir James Campbell''' ([[1667]]-[[1745]]), of Lawers, general; lieutenant-colonel of the Scots Greys, 1708; at Malplaquet, 1709; colonel, 1717; M.P., Ayrshire, 1727; major-general, c. 1727; governor of Edinburgh Castle, 1738; lieutenant-general, 1742; knighted at Dettingen, 1743; killed at Fontenoy, 1745.
Sir James Campbell: '''Sir James Campbell''' ([[1763]]-[[1819]]), of Inverneil, general; ensign, 1780; lieutenant, 1781; served in America; captain, 1787; served in India, 1787-94; major, 1794; served in Ireland; lieutenant-colonel, 1804; served in Sicily, 1805-13; major-general, 1808; lieutenant-general, 1813; governor of the Ionian islands, 1814-16; created baronet, 1818.
Sir James Campbell: '''Sir James Campbell''' ([[1745]]-[[1832]]), of Ardkiuglass ; eldest son of John Callander (d. 1789); took the name Campbell on succeeding to the estate; ensign, 1759; served with troops in Mediterranean till 1802; involved in a celebrated matrimonial suit; wrote his own Memoirs
Campbell: '''Campbell''' Sm JAMES ([[1773]] ?-[[1835]]), general ; captain, 1794; served at Minorca, 1798; major, 1803; lieutenant-colonel 1804; served with distinction in India, 1803-7, and the Peninsula, 1810-13; colonel, 1813; majorgeneral, 1819; K.C.B., 1822.
James Dykes Campbell: '''James Dykes Campbell''' ([[1838]]-[[1896]]), biographer of Coleridge; entered house of Messrs. Cochrane & Co., manufacturers ofVerreville pottery Glasgow, 1854; partner in Ireland, Fraser & Cos firm in Mauritius, 18731881. He spent many years in collecting materials for a biography of Coleridge, which was prefixed to an edition of Coleridge's poetical works, 1893, and appeared in a separate volume, 1894.
Sir John Campbell: '''Sir John Campbell''' ([[1470]]-[[1563]]), of Lundy, Scottish judge; lord of session, 1532-63; captain-general of foot, 1533; privy councillor, 1540; often employed as envoy by James V of Scotland.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' , first EARL OP LOUDOUN ([[1598]]1663), travelled abroad; married, 1620, the heiress of the barony of Loudoun; in bis wife's right, took his seat m the Scottish parliament, 1622 his patent for an earldom stopped by Charles I because of his strenuous opposition to episcopacy, 1633; took leading part in organising the covenant, 1637-8; a leader of the armed insurrection in Scotland, 1639; envoy from Scotland to Charles 1, 1640: imprisoned in the Tower; joined the Scottish army of invasion, August 1640; again envoy to London; lord chancellor of Scotland, 1641-60; created Earl of Loudoun, 1641; frequently envoy to Charles I from the parliament 1642-7; present at the coronation of Charles II, 1651, and fought at Dunbar; joined the highland rising, 1663; submitted to Monck; excepted from Cromwell's act of parI don, 1654; heavily fined by Charles II, 1662.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' , first EARL OP BREADALBANK (1635-1716), joined the royalist insurgents in the highlands, 1653; M.P. for Argyllshire, 1661; obtained from the bankrupt Earl of Caithness a cession of his title and estates, 1672; took possession of the estates, 1673; obtained a patent for the title, 1677; led his highlanders r2
Campbell: '''Campbell''' 196
Campbell: '''Campbell''' to be quartered on the west-country whips, 1G7H: made war on the heir-male, vlio claimed tin- (aithncss peerage, 1680; obtained the earldom of Breadalbane, when the privy council decided against his claim to the Caithness peerage and estates, 1681; privy councillor, 1685; submitted to William III, September 1689; employed to bribe the highland chiefs to submit to William III, 1690l9l; contrived the massacre of the Macdonalds of Qlencoe, 1692: encouraged a French invasion, 1707; halfheartedly joined Mar's rising, 1715, but withdrew after Sheriff rnuir.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' , second DOTCK op ARGYLL and

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of Greenwich Duke: '''of Greenwich Duke''' ([[1678]]-[[1743]]), eldest son of Archibald Campbell, first duke; entered the army, 1694; served in Flanders, 1702; succeeded to dukedom of Argyll, 17C3; a prime agent in bringing about the union, 1705; created Earl of Greenwich in the English peerage, 1705; served with much distinction in Flanders, 17061709; lieutenant-general, 1709; developed bitter hostility to Marlborough, 1709; ambassador and Commander-inchief in Spain, 1711; commander-in-chief in Scotland, 1712: violently opposed tlie proposed malt tax, 1713: took a leading part in proclaiming George 1, 1714; sent to suppress Mar's insurrection, 1715; collected troops at Stirling, secured Edinburgh, and repulsed Mar at Sheriffmuir, 1715; crushed the revolt, January 1716; deprived of his offices, 1716; restored, 1719; created Duke of Greenwich, 1719; helped to remove Scottish opposition to the malt tax, 1725; field-marshal, 1736; defended Edinburgh city from the indignation of the court after the Porteoosriot, 1737; began violently to oppose Walpole, 1738; deprived of hi* offices, 1740; restored, 1742, but speedily resigned.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' ([[1708]]-[[1776]]), miscellaneous writer ; lawyer's clerk at Windsor; highly successful as a professional man of letters in London; LL.D. Glasgow, 1754; agent for Georgia, 1765-75; contributed much to historical and biographical series, and edited books of travel. His chief works areMilitary History of Prince Eugene 1736, Travels ofa fictitiousEdward Sevan 1739,Lives of the Admirals 1742-4, and Political Survey of Britain 1774.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' , third EARL OP BREADALBANE (1696-1782); educated at Christ Church, Oxford; styled Viscount Glenorchy, 1716-52; envoy to Denmark, 1718; K.B., 1725; M.P., Saltash, 1727 and 1734; ambassador to Russia, 1731; M.P., Oxford City, 1741; master of the jewel office, 1746; succeeded to the earldom, 1752; Scottish representative peer, 1762; D.C.L. Oxford, 1756; a chief-justice in eyre, 1761-6; vice-admiral of Scotland, 1776.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' , fourth EARL OF LOUDOUN (1705-1782X only son of Hugh Campbell, third earl ; entered the army, 1727; succeeded to the earldom, "731; Scottish representative peer, 1734-82; governor of Stirling Castle, 1741; supported George II in the highlands, 1745-6; commander-in-chief in America, 1766; superseded, 1758; second in command in Portugal, 1762; general, 1770: fond of forestry.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' ([[1763]]-[[1784]]), lieutenant-colonel ; ensign, 1771; lieutenant, 1774; served in America, 17741780; major, 1777; lieutenantcolonel, 1781; in India, 1782; defended Maugalore against Tippoo Sultan, May 1783-Jauuary 1784.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' ([[1720]] ?-[[1790]]), vice-admiral ; apprenticed to the master of a coaster; midshipman, 1740; sailed round the world with Anson: lieutenant, 1745; captain, 1747; in constant service, 1747-79: rear-admiral, 1778; vice-admiral, 1779; governor of Newfoundland, 1782-6.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' ([[1766]]-[[1840]]), philanthropist; a founder of the Scottish Religious Tract Society; advocated Sunday schools, lay-preaching, Magdalene societies, and abolition of slavery; minister of an independent congregation, Kingslaud, London, 1802; inspected the London Missionary Society's stations in South Africa, 1812-14, and 1819-21; published accounts of his travels.
Sir John Campbell: '''Sir John Campbell''' ([[1807]]-[[1865]]). general ; only Bon of Sir Archibald Campbell (1769-1843): ensign, 1821; lieutenant, 1824; aide-de-camp in Burmah, 1824-6; captain, 1826: civil servant in Burmah, 1826-9; aide-de-camp in New Brunswick, 1831-7; lieutenantcolonel, 1840; baronet, 1843: commanded brigade in the Crimea, 1864; major-general, 1854; killed before the lledan, 1855..
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' , first BARON CAMI-BKLL ([[1779]]1861), lord chancellor; son of the minister of Cupar-Fife; attended arts classes at St. Andrews, 1790, and divinity classes, 1794; private tutor in London, 1798; wrote for the press; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1800; parliamentary and law reporter; read law in chambers, 1804; barrister, 1806; quickly acquired a profitable practice; K.C., 1827; employed on commission on law of real property, 18281833; M.P. for Stafford, 1830 took a leading part in the Commons in matters of law reform; solicitor-general, 1832; attorney-general, 1834-41; liberal M.P., Edinburgh, 1834-41; his wife made Baroness Stratheden, 1836; lord chancellor of Ireland, June-September 1841; created Baron Campbell, June 1841; took a foremost place in the Lords in questions of law; chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster, 1846; chief-justice of the queen's bench, 1860; lord chancellor, 1859; publishedNisi Prius Reports,* 1809-16,Speeches 1842, Lives of the Lord Chancellors 1845-7,Lives of the Chief- Justices 1849, 1857, law pamphlets, and Lives of Lyndhurst and Brougham 1869.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' , second MARQUIS OP BREADAL-
Bane: '''Bane''' ([[1796]]-[[1862]]) ; styled Viscount Glenorchy till [[1831]] ; M.P. for Okehampton, 1820-6; styled Earl of Ormelie, 1831-4; M.P., Perthshire, 1832; succeeded as marquis, 1834; entertained Queen Victoria at Taymouth, 1842; a strenuous free churchman in the disruption controversy.
Sir John Campbell: '''Sir John Campbell''' ([[1780]]-[[1863]]), soldier ; educated at Harrow; cornet, 1800; captain, 1806; served in South America, 1807, and Spain, 1808; commanded a Portuguese cavalry regiment 1809-14; knighted, 1815; military adviser of the Portuguese government. 1815-19; Portuguese major-general, 1820; English lieutenantcolonel, 1820-4; fought for Dom Miguel in Portugal, 1828-34; resided in London.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' ([[1794]]-[[1867]]), miscellaneous writer; a blacksmith; studied at St. Andrews and Glasgow; a congregational minister in Ayrshire, and at Moorfields, London; started the Christian Witness 1844, and other newspapers; published much on missions, ritualism, &c.
Sir John Campbell: '''Sir John Campbell''' ([[1802]]-[[1877]]), of Lochend, Indian official: ensign, 1819; an officer in the East India Company's forces, 1820-37; captain, 1830; magistrate over the Khomls of Orissa, 1837-42: served in China, 1842; lieutenant-colonel, 1842; held command in Madras, 1842-7; reappoiuted magistrate over the Khonds, 1847-9; colonel, 1853; major-general, 1859; published narrative of affairs in Orissa, 1864; K.C.S.L, 1866; general, 1872.
John Francis Campbell: '''John Francis Campbell''' ([[1822]]-[[1885]]), of Islay; Gaelic scholar; educated at Eton and Edinburgh; a government official; published Popular Tales of the West Highlands 1860-2; published Gaelic texts, 1872; wrote also on natural science.
John Campbell: '''John Campbell''' McLEOD ([[1800]]-[[1872]]), theologian; educated at Glasgow, 1811-20, and Edinburgh, 1821; licentiate of the church of Scotland, 1821; minister of Row, Dumbartonshire, 1825; ejected for heresy, 1830; preached in the highlands, 1830-2; minister of a congregation in Glasgow, 1833-59; D.D. Glasgow, 1868; retired to Roseneath, 1870; published Sermons 1832, and theological tracts.
Neil Campbell: '''Neil Campbell''' (d . [[1627]]), Scottish bishop ; parson of Kilmartin, Argyllshire, 1574; bishop of Argyll, 1606-8.
Sir Neil Campbell: '''Sir Neil Campbell''' ([[1776]]-[[1827]]). general : ensign, 1797; lieutenant, 1799; major, 1805; stationed in the West Indies, 1798-1800; in home garrisons, 1800-6; in the West Indies, 1806-10: lieutenant-colonel, 1808; colonel of Portuguese infantry, 1811-13; military attache with the Russian army invadinar France, 1813-14; colonel, 1814; escorted Napoleon to Elba; served at Waterloo; major-general, 1825; governor of Sierra Leone, 1826.
Campbell: '''Campbell''' 197
Canne: '''Canne'''
Campbell: '''Campbell''' Snt I'ATKIOK ([[1773]]-[[1841]]), of Melfort, naval officer; lietitunant, 17SH: captain, 1800; on active service, 1799-1815 and 1827-30; rear-admiral, 1830; naval commander at Cape Town, 1834-7; K.C.B., 1836; vice-admiral, 1838.
Robert Campbell: '''Robert Campbell''' (I. [[1722]]), presbyterian ; native of Scotland: presbytcrian minister at Ray, Donegal, 1671; imprison.-.!, K.si-2; minister at Roseneath, Dumbartonshire, lt;st-91; and then again at Ray, 16911722; published sermon-.
Robert Calder Campbell: '''Robert Calder Campbell''' ([[1798]]-[[1867]]), miscellaneous writer; cadet in the East India Company's service, 1817; captain, 1826; served in Burmah, 1826-7; invalided home, 11; settled in London; major, 1836; published verse and prose, 1831-57.
Thomas Campbell: '''Thomas Campbell''' ([[1733]]-[[1795]]), miscellaneous writer; M.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1761; curate of CloL'her, 1761-72; chancellor of St. Macartin's, Clogher, 1773: published works on Irish topography and history; wrote a diary of his visits to England, 1775-92.
Thomas Campbell: '''Thomas Campbell''' ([[1777]]-[[1844]]), poet ; son of a ruim-d Glasgow merchant; at Glasgow "University. 1791tor in Mull, 1795, and Argyllshire, 1796; settled in Edinburgh as law-clerk and tutor; published Pleasures of Hope 1799; travelled in Germany and Denmark, June 1800-March 1801; well received in London, 1801; returned to Edinburgh; resided in or near London, as a man of letters, 1804-44; pensioned by the crown, 1805; issued Poems 1805; visited Paris, 1814; published Specimens of the British Poets 1819; edited theNew Monthly Magazine 1820-30; advocated a university for London, 1825; lord rector of Glasgow University, 1826-9; visi to! Algiers 1835; died at Boulogne; buried in Westminster Abbey.

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Thomas Campbell: '''Thomas Campbell''' ([[1790]]-[[1868]]), sculptor in bronze and marble; apprenticed to an Edinburgh marblecutter; studied in London and (1818) at Rome; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1827-57.
William Campbell: '''William Campbell''' (rf. [[1805]]), presbyterian ; a native of Newry, co. Down; entered Glasgow University, 1744; licensed by Armagh presbytery, 1760; tutor in Prance; returned to Ireland, 1758; minister at Antrim, 1759; minister of First Armagh, 1764-89; D.D. Glasgow, 1784; minister at Clonmel, 1789-1805; published pamphlets,
Willielma Campbell: '''Willielma Campbell''' , VISCOUNTESS GLKN-
Obchy: '''Obchy''' (1 [[741]]-[[1786]]), a daughter of William Maxwell of Preston, Kirkcudbrightshire; married, 1761, John Campbell, viscount Gleuorchy (d. 1771); adopted peculiar religious views, c. 1764; founded chapels for her followers in Edinburgh, Carlisle, Matlock, Strathflllan.
Viscounts Campden: '''Viscounts Campden''' . See HICKS, BAPTIST, first
Viscount: '''Viscount''' [[1551]]-[[1629]] ; NOEL, EDWARD, second VISCOUNT, 1682-1643; NOEL, BAPTIST, third VISCOUNT, 1611-1682.
Lorenzo Campeggio: '''Lorenzo Campeggio''' ([[1472]]-[[1539]]), papal legate ; born at Bologna; studied law at Pa via and Bologna; ordained after his wife's death; bishop of Feltri, 1512; cardinal, 1517; legate to Henry VIII to urge a crusade against the Turks, 1618; bishop of Salisbury, 1524-34; archbishop of Bologna; legate to England to hear Henry VIII's suit to divorce Queen Catherine, October 1528-July 1529.
Campion: '''Campion''' 'EDMUND ([[1540]]-[[1581]]), Jesuit martyr; sou of a London bookseller; educated at Christ's Hospital; delivered a speech at Queen Mary's state entry to London, 1553; fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, 1567; M.A., 1664; a speaker at Queen Elizabeth's state visit to Oxford, 1666; patronised by the Earl of Leicester; Anglican deacon, c. 1568; junior proctor, April 1568April 1569; asked B.D. 1569, but did not obtain it; withdrew to Dublin, 1569, expecting promotion in the projected Romanist college; withdrew, as a suspected papist, to London, June 1571; went to Douay, and graduated B.D. there; went to Rome, 1572; joined the Jesuits, 1573; passed his novitiate in Prague and Brlinn; ordained priest, 1578; chosen, with Robert Parsons, to coerce temporising catholics in England; reached Dover, Jane 1580; preached privately in London; his Decem Rationes distributed at Oxford, 1581; arrested at Lyford, Ierk-hire, 1581; sent to the Tower; examined, under torture, 1581; sentenced to death; executed, 1 Dec. 1581; published controversial works.
George Campion: '''George Campion''' B. ([[1798]]-[[1870]]), water-colour painter; exhibited in London, 1834 onwards; drawingmaster at Woolwich; retired to Munich.
Maria Campion: '''Maria Campion''' ([[1777]]-[[1803]]);
Thomas Campion: '''Thomas Campion''' (d. [[1619]]), poet and musician ; probably educated abroad; mentioned asdoctor in phisicke 1607, and physician 1616; published Latin verses, 1596, and Observations on... English Poesie 1602; prepared masques presented at court, 1607-17; published Books of Ayres 1610, 1612,Songson the death of Prince Henry, and a musical treatise, 1613.
Campion: '''Campion''' alias WKJMORK, WILLIAM ([[1599]]1665), Jesuit; joined the Jesuits, 1624; missioncr in England, and in Wales, 1686; rector of a seminary in Ghent; wrote on trausubstantiation.
Gerard Dk Camville: '''Gerard Dk Camville''' (d. [[1215]] ?), judge ; adhered to Prince John; became, by marriage, sheriff of Lincolnshire, and keeper of Lincoln Castle, c. 1190; his removal vainly attempted by Richard I's vicegerents, 1191; removed and fined, on Richard's return, 1194; restored by King John, 1199; justice itinerant for Cambridgeshire, 1209.
Thomas De Camville: '''Thomas De Camville''' (d. [[1236]]), judge ; deprived by John of estates in Kent and Essex, 1215; restored, 1217; acted as a justice, 1229.
Viscount Canada: '''Viscount Canada''' ([[1567]] ?-[[1640]]). See ALEXANDER,
William Sir: '''William Sir''' .
James Cancellak: '''James Cancellak''' (fl. [[1564]]), theologian ; of the queen's chapel; published devotional treatises, 1553-64.
Hugh Candidus: '''Hugh Candidus''' (fl. [[1107]] ?-[[1155]] ?).
Candish: '''Candish'''
Ann Candler: '''Ann Candler''' ([[1740]]-[[1814]]), versifier, 'the Suffolk cottager; daughter of a Suffolk glover named More; married a militia-man, 1762; lived in the workhouse, 1780 and 1783; wrote verses, 1788-9; her collected verses published, 1803.
Robert Smith Candlish: '''Robert Smith Candlish''' ([[1806]]-[[1873]]), Free church leader; educated at Glasgow, assistant minister in Glasgow, at Bonhill, Dumbartonshire, and (1833) at St. George's, Edinburgh; minister of St. George's; from 1839 took a leading part against the authority of the civil courts in patronage cases; suggested as professor of biblical cri ticism in Edinburgh, but objected to by Lord Aberdeen; D.D. Princeton, 1841; went out at the disruption, 1843; minister of Free St. George's till death; leader of the Free church; principal of the Free church college, Edinburgh, 1862; D.D. Edinburgh, 1865; wrote theological treatises.
Robert Cane: '''Robert Cane''' ([[1807]]-[[1868]]), writer on Irish history ; a chemist's assistant; M.D. Trinity College, Dublin, 1836; practised medicine at Kilkenny.
Vincent Canes: '''Vincent Canes''' (d. [[1672]]), Franciscan friar, named in religion JOHN-BAPTIST; studied at Cambridge; travelled on the continent; joined the Franciscans at Douay; served on the English mission, 1648. in Lancashire and London; published controversial tracts under the initials J. V. C., 1655-72.
Benedict Canfield: '''Benedict Canfield''' ([[1563]]-[[1611]]), Capuchin friar; really WILLIAM FITCH, of Little Canfield, Essex; of the Middle Temple; withdrew to Douay; joined the Capuchins at Paris; came to England, 1589; imprisoned for three years; master of the novices at Rouen; wrote devotional works.
Canicus: '''Canicus''' or KENNY, SAINT (d. [[698]]?). See

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Cainnech: '''Cainnech'''
Abraham Cann: '''Abraham Cann''' ([[1794]]-[[1864]]), champion wrestler of Devonshire; fought a drawn match with the Cornish champion, 1826; afterwards an innkeeper.
John Canne: '''John Canne''' (d. [[1667]]?), theologian ; pastor of an independent congregation in London; pastor of the English independents in Amsterdam, 1630-47; visited England, 1640; published a reference bible, 1647; returned to
Cannera: '''Cannera''' 198
Cantebrig: '''Cantebrig''' 1648; garrison chaplain at Hull, 1650, and in fierce controversy with his colleague, John Shawe; expelled, 1657; came to London; returned to Amsterdam; publishedBible with Marginal Notes 1664; published other theological and controversial works.
Cannera: '''Cannera''' or CAINNER, SAINT (d. [[530]] ?), an Irishwoman; anchorite; wished to join the monastery of St. Senan, on Inis-cathey, but was refused.
Charles John Canning: '''Charles John Canning''' , EARL CANNING (1812-1862), governor-general of India; third son of George Canning; educated at Eton, and, 1829-33, at Christ Church, Oxford; M.P., Warwick, 1836; succeeded as Viscount Canning in the Irish peerage, 1837; under-aecretary for foreign affairs, 1841-6; attached himself to Sir Robert Peel; postmaster-general, 1853-5; assumed the governor-generalship of India, February 1856; confronted by three difficulties: (i.) war with Persia, to restore Herat to Afghanistan, with the question of subsidising the ameer, (ii.) the assimilation of the terms of service of the Bengal native army with those of the Bombay and Madras armies, especially as regards service oversea, (Hi) the settlement of Oudh (annexed, 7 Feb. 1856); his second year marked by the outbreak of the mutiny, February 1857, the wide extent of which he, like other officials, was slow to apprehend; by a happy instinct, gave full freedom of action to Sir Henry Lawrence in Oudh, and John Lawrence in the Punjab, and showed unshaken confidence throughout; involved in a controversy with Lord Elleuborough about the terms of settlement in Oudh, 1858; created earl, 1859; engaged in reorganising the financial, legal, and administrative systems in India, 1859-62.
Elizabeth Canning: '''Elizabeth Canning''' ([[1734]]-[[1773]]), impostor; a sawyer's daughter; maid-servant in Aldermanbury; falsely asserted that she had been kidnapped and kept prisoner by a procuress, 1-29 Jan. 1753; examined before Henry Fielding; secured the conviction of the people she accused; tried for perjury and transported, 1754. Her case led to a war of pamphlets and London public opinion.
George Canning: '''George Canning''' ([[1770]]-[[1827]]), statesman ; son of a barrister; brought up by an uncle, a whig banker in London: educated at Eton, and, 1788-91, at Christ Church, Oxford; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1791; in horror of the French revolution attached himself to William Pitt, 1793; M.P., Newport, 1794; M.P., Wendover, 1797; undersecretary for foreign affairs in Pitt's administration, 1796-9; member of the India board, 1799-1800; paymaster-general, 1800-1; opposed Henry Addington's administration, 1801-4; treasurer of the navy in Pitt's administration, May 1804-February 1806; refused office in Grenville's administration; foreign secretary in Portland's administration, March 1807; planned seizure of Danish fleet, September 1807: dissatisfied with Castlereagh's policy at the war office, 1808; fought duel with Oastlereagh, and resigned office, September 1809; refused office under Spencer Perceval, November 1809; refused the foreign office under Lord Liverpool, May 1812; M.P., Liverpool, 1812-22; visited Portugal and the south of France, 1814-16; designated ambassador extraordinary to Portugal, 1814; joined Lord Liverpool's administration as president of the India board, June 1816; resigned, January 1821, as favouring Queen Caroline; wintered abroad, 1821-2; nominated governor-general of India, 27 March, but resigned, September 1822; M.P., Harwich, 1822; foreign secretary in Lord Liverpool's administration, September 1822; acknowledged independence of Spain's American colonies, 1823; shielded Greece from conquest by Turkey, 1825-7; supported the popular party in Portugal against absolutism, 1826-7; on Lord Liverpool's death, made premier.by George IV, and chancellor of the exchequer, April 1827; endeavoured to reform the corn-laws; friend and correspondent of Sir Walter Scott. HisPoemswere published, 1823, and hisSpeeches 1828.
Richard Canning: '''Richard Canning''' ([[1708]]-[[1775]]), Suffolk antiquary; at Westminster School, 1723; M.A.St. Catharine's College, Cambridge, 1735; rector of Harkstead, Suffolk 1738-69; rector of Preston, Suffolk, 1756-75; published sermons, pamphlets, a history of Suffolk, and Ipswich collections.
Stratford Canning: '''Stratford Canning''' , first VISCOUNT STRAT-
Db Rkdcliffk Ford: '''Db Rkdcliffk Ford''' ([[1786]]-[[1880]]), diplomatist, styled 'the Great Elchi i.e. ambassador par excellence; educated at Eton, 1794, and King's College, Cambridge, 1805; clerk in the foreign office, 1807; secoud secretary to the envoy to Denmark, 1807; secretary to the envoy to Constantinople, 1808. left in charge of the embassy at Constantinople, 1810, to counteract Napoleon's influence, to protect British interests in the Levant, and to prevent war between Russia and Turkey, so as to leave Russia free to fight Napoleon; negotiated the treaty of Bucharest between Russia and Turkey, May 1812; returned to London; pensioned; visited Paris, 1814; plenipotentiary to Switzerland, 1814-20, to settle federal government there; his arrangements sanctioned by the congress of Vienna, 1815; envoy to Washington, 1820-4, but failed to obtain settlement of disputed points; envoy to St. Petersburg to settle the Alaska boundary and discuss the Greek question, 1824; envoy to Constantinople to obtain recognition of Greek independence, 1825; his mediation on behalf of Greece followed by the joint intervention of Great Britain, France, and Russia 1827, but negotiations broken off by the battle of Navarino, October 1827; withdrew to Corfu, and to London, February 182 negotiated the settlement of Greek affairs at Poros", with the French and Russian envoys, December 1828; M.P., Old Sarum, 1828; resigned his ambassadorship, 1829; G.O.B., December 1829; M.P., Stockbridge, by purchase, 1830; drew up the British case in the American boundary dispute, 1830; sent to Constantinople to obtain enlargement of the Greek frontier, November 1831; fruitlessly advised Palmerston to support the sultan against the viceroy of Egypt, 1832; failed to reconcile the rival parties in Portugal, 1832; named envoy to St. Petersburg, 1833, but the czar refused to receive him; declined governorship of Canada, 1835 and 1841; M.P., King's Lynn, 1835-41; ambassador at Constantinople, 1842; obtained abolition of execution for apostasy, 1844; obtained permission for Sir Henry Layard to explore Nineveh; home on leave, 1846-7; envoy to Switzerland, November 1847; returned to Constantinople, 1848; encouraged Turkey to protect the refugees from Hungary; visited England 1852; created Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe, May 1852; advised the sultan to refuse the czar's demands for a protectorate over the Greek church, 1853; visited the Crimea, 1855; resigned his ambassadorship, 1858; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1858; K.G., 1869; published verses and pamphlets. A statue of him was placed in Westminster Abbey.
Richard Cannon: '''Richard Cannon''' ([[1779]]-[[1865]]), historian ; clerk at the Horse Guards, 1802-64; chief compiler of the incomplete official statement of the services of the several regiments,Historical Records of the British Army 1836-53.
Robert Cannon: '''Robert Cannon''' ([[1663]]-[[1722]]), ecclesiastic ; educated at Eton; fellow of King's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1685; D.D., 1707; married the bishop of Ely's daughter; a pluralist in rectories and prebends; dean of Lincoln, 1721; wrote controversial tracts.
Canon: '''Canon''' or CANONICUS, JOHN (ft. [[1329]]), schoolman; studied at Oxford; joined the Franciscans; studied at Paris; returned to Oxford and graduated D.D.; wrote commentaries on the Sentences of Peter Lombard. His commentary on the Physics of Aristotle, printed 1476, and often afterwards, was a favourite mediaeval text-work.
Peter Charles Canot: '''Peter Charles Canot''' ([[1710]]-[[1777]]), lineengraver; came from France to London, 1740; a member of the Society of Artiste, 1766, and an associate of the Royal Academy, 1770.
Benedict Cansfield: '''Benedict Cansfield''' ([[1563]]-[[1611]]). See OAX
Fiklu: '''Fiklu'''
Andrew Cant: '''Andrew Cant''' ([[1590]] ?-[[1663]]), covenanting leader ; invited by the people to be minister of Edinburgh, but rejected by James I, c. 1623; minister of Pitsligo, Aberdeeushire, 1633; fruitlessly endeavoured to persuade the university and clergy of Aberdeen to adopt the covenant, July 1638; member of the Glasgow general assembly which abolished episcopacy, 1G38; minister of Newbattle, Midlothian; chaplain to the Scottish army, 1640; minister of Aberdeen, 1640; courageously advocated monarchy in the time of Cromwell.
Cantebeig: '''Cantebeig''' or CAMBRIDGE, JOHN DK (d. 1335), judge; a large landowner near Cambridge; M.P.,
Cantelupe: '''Cantelupe''' 199
Canute: '''Canute''' Cambridgeshire from 1321; king's seriennt, 1330; knighted, October 1330; justice of common pleas, 1331.
Cantilupe Cantelupe: '''Cantilupe Cantelupe''' , CANTELO, or CAN-
Fitlk Dk Teleo: '''Fitlk Dk Teleo''' (. 12i)'.i), adherent of King John ; sent to expel tin- monkl "f Ciititcrbury and to administer Ihe archiepiscopal.stat.-s. li'nr.
George De Cantelupe: '''George De Cantelupe''' (d. [[1273]]), styled BARON OK BKK; VKNY; son of William, the third baron Uiinteinpc by tenure (l. 1254) and Eva, co-heiress of Witliiim de Braose; knighted, 1272; put in possession of his estates, April 1273.

[edit] Section 226

Nicholas De Cantelupe: '''Nicholas De Cantelupe''' , third BARON CANTEi.ri'K by vrit (. 1355), lord of Gresley, Nottinghamshire; with Kdwanl II in Scotland, 1320; knighted, 1326; governor of Jlerwick-on-Tweed, 1336: summoned to parliament, liiT 54: served in Scotland and Flanders, 1339; envoy to France, 1343; attended Edward III at Orecy, 1346; commissioner to defend Lincolnshire, 1362; founded a chantry in Lincoln Cathedral and a Carthusian house in Nottinghamshire.
Roger De Cantelupe: '''Roger De Cantelupe''' (ft. [[1248]]), legist ; adherent of Henry III; envoy to Rome, 1231; perhaps prebendary of St. Paul's, 1248.
Simon Cantelupe: '''Simon Cantelupe''' , called LE NORMAN (d. [[1249]]), chancellor; envoy to Rome, 1238; archdeacon of Norwich, 1238-40; chancellor, August 1238, but removed for opposing wool tax, 1239.
Thomas Dk Cantelupe: '''Thomas Dk Cantelupe''' ([[1218]]7-[[1282]]), saint; bishop of Hereford; son of William de Cantelupe, second baron; nephew of Walter de Cantelupe, bishop of Worcester; studied possibly at Oxford, 1237, afterwards at Paris; attended council of Lyons, 1245, and obtained papal dispensation to hold benefices in plurality; studied civil law at Orleans and canon law at Paris; taught canon law at Oxford; chancellor of Oxford University, 1262-3; stated the case of the revolted barons before St. Louis at Amiens, 1263-4; lord chancellor of England, February-August 1265; pensioned by Henry III, March 1265, but took refuge at Paris in August; lectured in theology at Paris, and, 1272, at Oxford; possibly again chancellor of Oxford University; prebendary of Hereford, 1273, in a place claimed by Peter de Langona; held several canonries and rich rectories, especially in Herefordshire, in plurality; attended council at Lyons, 1274; elected bishop of Hereford, June, and consecrated, September 1275; chief supporter of Edward I and opponent of Llewelyn of Wales; a bitter enemy of the Jews; active in reforming diocese of Hereford, and in maintaining claims of see against Earl Gilbert of Gloucester, 1278, Lord Corbet, and the bishops of St. Asaph and St. David's; led the opposition to Archbishop Peckham in the council at Reading, July 1279; involved in a bitter dispute with Peckham regarding jurisdiction; withdrew for safety to Normandy, and appealed against Peckham to Rome, c. 1281; vigorously sued at Rome for the prebend of Hereford by Peter de Langona, 1281; tried to bribe the curia; excommunicated by Peckham through a dispute as to jurisdiction; appealed to Rome; went in person to Italy to press his appeal, March 1282; died at Orvieto, August; buried in Hereford Cathedral; translated to a new tomb there, 1287; miracles worked at his tomb; popularly accepted as a saint; the pope urged to canonise him, 1290, 1299, 1305; canonised by Pope John XXII as St. Thomas of Hereford, 1320.
Walter De Cantelupe: '''Walter De Cantelupe''' (*. [[1266]]), bishop of Worcester; defender of English liberties against the encroachments of the crown and the papacy; second son of William, first baron Cantelupe; pluralist, while still in minor orders; at Rome, 1229; justice itinerant, 1231; elected bishop of Worcester, 1236; ordained deacon and priest, and consecrated bishop at Viterbo, May 1237; enthroned, October 1237; defended pluralities against the papal legate, Otho, at the council of St. Paul's, 1237; laboured earnestly to reform his diocese; mediated between BisJiop Grosseteste and the chapter of Lincoln, 1239; escorted Otho ns far as Burgundy, 1241; tirLrpd Henry III to accept William de Raleigh as bishop of Winchester; accompanied Archbishop Boniface to the papal court at Lyons, 1245; promised to join the crusaders, 1247; again at Lyons, 1260; a second time vowed to go on crusade, 1250; resisted Archbishop Boni face's claim of the right of visitation, 1251, and the pope's demand of a tenth for Henry 1 1 1, 1252; joined in excomi municating the infringers of Magna Charta, 1253; went with Henry III to Gascony, 1253, and was sent as envoy to Castile; resisted demand for an aid for the pope and Henry III, 1255; envoy to France, 1267; a representative of the barons on the committee of regency provisions of Oxford, 1258; aided Prince Edward's escape from Bristol, 1264; encouraged the barons at Lewes, 1264, and Evesham, 1265; suspended by Ottoboni and summoned to Rome; died before starting, and was buried in Worcester Cathedral.
William De Cantelupe: '''William De Cantelupe''' , first BARON CANTK-
Lupe: '''Lupe''' (rf. [[1239]]), a constant adherent of King John ; steward of the household; sheriff of Warwick, Leicester, Worcester, and Hereford for John; justiciar, 1203; attached himself to Henry III, 1216; sheriff of Warwick and Leicester; justice itinerant in Bedfordshire, 1218; a witness to the confirmation of Magna Charta, 1236; founder of Studley Hospital.
William De Cantelupe: '''William De Cantelupe''' , second BARON OANTELtTPE (d. 1251), son of William de Cantelupe, first baron ; an adherent of King John and of Henry III; steward of the household to Henry III; envoy to the papal court at Lyons, 1245.
William De Cantelupe: '''William De Cantelupe''' , third BARON CANTE-
Lupe: '''Lupe''' (d. [[1254]]), son of William de Cantelupe, second baron; obtained by marriage the honour of Bergavenny; accompanied Henry III to Gascony, 1263.
Viscounts Canterbury: '''Viscounts Canterbury''' . See MANNERS-SUT-
Charles Ton: '''Charles Ton''' , first VISCOUNT, [[1780]]-[[1845]] ; MANNKRS-
John Henry Thomas Sutton: '''John Henry Thomas Sutton''' , third VISCOUNT, [[1814]]1877.
Richard Cantlllon: '''Richard Cantlllon''' (d. [[1734]]), economist; of Irish extraction; merchant in London and Paris; said to have helped John Law to float his paper-money scheme in Paris, 1716; returned to London; murdered by his cook. His Essai sur la Nature du Commerce(published, 1755), contains striking anticipations of later theories.
John Canton: '''John Canton''' ([[1718]]-[[1772]]), electrician ; Twelver's apprentice; went to London, 1737, and taught school there; conducted valuable experiments in electricity and magnetism; F.R.S., 1749.
Henry Cantrell: '''Henry Cantrell''' ([[1685]] 7-[[1773]]), controversialist ; educated at Derby grammar school; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1710; incumbent of St. Alkmund's, Derby, 1712-73; wrote against lay-baptism,
Andrew Cantwell: '''Andrew Cantwell''' (d. [[1764]]), physician ; of j Irish birth; graduated in medicine at MoutpeUier, 1729: I migrated to Paris, 1733; M.D. Paris, 1742, and professor ; of surgery, 1750, and of pharmacy, 1762; a bitter oppoi nent of inoculation against small-pox; visited England; j wrote on medical subjects.
Canute: '''Canute''' or CNUT ([[9947]]-[[1035]]), called 'the Great,' king of the English, Danes, and Norwegians; son of Sweyn, king of the Danes; a pagan in childhood; j baptised, c. 1000; accompanied Sweyn in his invasion I of England, 1013; acknowledged as king of England by the invaders on Sweyn's death, near Gainsborough, February 1014; outlawed, the witan having recalled j Ethelred from Normandy; withdrew before the forces j of Ethelred, 1014, to Sandwich in Kent, where he muti lated his English hostages, and thence to Denmark; soon i supplanted his brother Harold, who had been (1014) ! acknowledged king of Denmark; made war on the Slavs on the south coast of the Baltic; openly resisted by Olaf Haroldsson, who was made king of Norway, 1014-15; ravaged Wessex, 1015, and Warwickshire, 1016; marched to York, and received the submission of Northumbria; fruitlessly besieged London, May 1016; suffered defeat in Kent, but routed Eadmund, Ethelred's successor, at Assandun (?Ashington, Essex); followed Eadmund into Gloucestershire, and. by the treaty of Olney Isle, arranged that Eadmund should have Wessex, and probably East Anglia, while he himself ruled the north; wintered at London; chosen by the witan at London, 1017, king of all England, after the murder of Eadmund (1016); married Emma or Elfgifu, -Sthelred's widow, arranging that if a son were born to her he should succeed to the crown, excluding Cnut's sons, Harold and
Canute: '''Canute''' 200
Cappe: '''Cappe''' Sweyn, by.Wfgifu; levied a large subsidy, 1018; paid and dismissed his Danish forces; hold a gemot at Oxford, where he vowed to rule justly: :!iark, 1019, and fought against the Wends; returned to England, 1020, and courted English favour, by benefactions to many monasteries and honours to English saints: fouirht in Wihtland, Esthonia, 1022; demanded the submission of Olaf of Norway; was defeated by the None and Swedes in the Helga river; crushed a rising in Denmark, 1026; visited Rome, 1027, and was present at the coronation of the Emperor Conrad, with whom he agreed to make the river Eider the boundary between Denmark and Germany; invaded Scotland, c. 1027; reconquered Norway, 1028; sent his son Sweyn to govern Norway, 1030, and his son Harthacnut to govern Denmark; benefactor to the church; died at Shaftesbury, and was buried at Winchester; bequeathed England and Denmark to Harthacnut, and Norway to Sweyn.
Robert Canttte: '''Robert Canttte''' (fl. [[1170]]). See ROBERT OF
Cricklade: '''Cricklade'''
Peter Cantane: '''Peter Cantane''' ([[1720]]-[[1786]]), introducer of castor oil into British pharmacy; born in America; studied medicine at Leyden and Rheims; L.O.P. London, 1744; practised at St. Kitts, West Indies, and afterwards at Bath; withdrew to Brussels.
William Canynges: '''William Canynges''' ([[1399]]?-[[1474]]), merchant and five times mayor of Bristol (1441, 1449, 1457, 1461, 1466 ); brought up by his stepfather, a Bristol merchant, 1406; traded with Iceland and Finmark, 1450; M.P., Bristol, 1461 and 1455; supported the Yorkists and Edward IV; rebuilt St. Mary Redcliff e, Bristol, and the college at Westbury; became a monk at Westbury, 1467, and dean of the college, 1469.
William Timothy Cape: '''William Timothy Cape''' ([[1806]]-[[1863]]), Australian colonist; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool; taken to Tasmania by his father, 1821, and to Sydney, 1822; assistant to his father in Sydney public school; head-master, 1829; kept private school, 1830; headmaster of Sydney College, 1835-42; kept private school, 1842-55; member of New South Wales legislature, 1859; magistrate; died in London while on a visit,

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Arthur Capel: '''Arthur Capel''' , first BARON CAPEL OF HADHAM (1610?-1649), royalist leader; a Hertfordshire squire; M.P. for Hertfordshire in the Short parliament, 1640, and the Long parliament, 1640; attached himself to the court party; created Baron Capel of Hadham, 1641; attended Charles I to York, January 1642; his estates confiscated by parliament, 1643; the king's lieutenantgeneral in Shropshire, Cheshire, and North Wales, 1643; appointed to attend the Prince of Wales; commissioner for Charles I at Ux bridge, 1645; escorted the queen to Paris, 1646; withdrew to Jersey; obtained leave to reside in Hertfordshire; aided Charles I's escape from Hampton Court, November 1647; joined the insurgents of 1648; surrendered at Colchester, August 1648; escaped from the Tower; re-arrested; condemned by the parliament, 1649, and beheaded.
Arthur Capel: '''Arthur Capel''' , EARL OF ErfsKx ([[1631]]-[[1683]]), eldest son of Arthur Oapel, first baron Capel of Hadham ; fought in the king's army, 1643; succeeded to barony, 1649; lord-lieutenant of Hertfordshire, 1660; created Earl of Essex, April 1661; opposed Charles II's endeavours to obtain arbitrary power and leanings ! towards Catholicism; travelled in France, 1667; lord- I lieutenant of Wiltshire, 1668; envoy to Denmark, 1670; j lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1672; hated by the king's I favourites for opposing grants to them; recalled, April 1677; joined the opponent* of Danby, 1678; accepted I the Popish plotstory; first lord of the treasury, March i to November 1679; joined Shaftesbury in advocating the Exclusion Bill, 1680; petitioned Charles II against holding the parliament at Oxford, 1681; spoke bitterly against the popish peers; associated himself with Monmouth's schemes, 1682; his share in them betrayed by Lord Howard of Escrick; sent to the Tower; found with his throat cut, July 1683, having probably committed i suicide, though many thought him assassinated by order of the court. His extensive correspondence is preserved in the British Museum Library.
Sir Henry Oapel: '''Sir Henry Oapel''' , BARON CAPEL OP TKWKKS-
Burt: '''Burt''' (d. [[1696]]), second son of Arthur Oapel, first baron Capel of Hadham; K.B., 1661; a commissioner of the admiralty, 1679-80; supported the Exclusion Bill in the Commons, 1680; a commissioner of the treasury, 1689 and 1692; created Baron Capel of Tewkesbury, 1692; lord justice in Ireland, 1693; lonl deputy. May 1695; induced the Irish parliament to annul James II's acts.
Richard Capel: '''Richard Capel''' ([[1586]]-[[1656]]), puritan; demy of Mairdaleu, College, Oxford, 1604; M.A., 1607; fellow, 1608-14; chaplain to Carr, earl of Somerset, 1613; rector of Eastington, Gloucestershire, 1613; resigned, declining to read in his church the Book of Sports 1633; licensed to practise physic; puritan preacher, 1641; published sermons and tracts.
Sir Thomas Bladen Capel: '''Sir Thomas Bladen Capel''' ([[1776]]-[[1853]])), admiral; put on the navy books, 1782; in active service, 1792-1837; lieutenant, 1797; fought at the battle of the Nile, 1797; captain, 1798; at Trafalgar, 1805; rearadmiral, 1825; K.C.B., 1832; commander-in-chief in East Indies, 1834-7; admiral, 1847.
William Capel: '''William Capel''' , third EARL OF ESSEX ([[1697]]1743), succeeded to earldom, 1709; gentleman of the bedchamber to George, prince of Wales, 1718, and to George II, 1727; lord-lieutenant of Hertfordshire, 1727; envoy to Turin, 1731-6; K.G., 1738.
Ed Ward Capell: '''Ed Ward Capell''' ([[1713]]-[[1781]]), Shakespearean commentator: educated at Cambridge; deputy-inspector of plays, 1737; published a text of Shakespeare, 10 vols. 1768; began to publish his commentary, 1774; bequeathed part of his library to Trinity College, Cambridge. His commentary appeared (3 vols.) in 1783.
Capell: '''Capell''' -CONUfGSBY, CATHERINE, COUNTESS OF
Essex: '''Essex''' ([[1794]]-[[1882]]).
John Capellantts: '''John Capellantts''' (fl. [[1410]] ?), real name JOHN
Walton: '''Walton''' ; translated into English verse Boethius's ' De Consolatione Philosophise
Edward Oapern: '''Edward Oapern''' ([[1819]]-[[1894]]), the rural postman of Bideford employed in lace factory at Tiverton; rural letter carrier at Bideford, 1847; published by subscription, 1856, his Poems which attracted much favourable attention; subsequently published verses.
John Capgrave: '''John Capgrave''' ([[1393]]-[[1464]]), theologian and historian; studied perhaps at Cambridge; an Augustinian friar; resided most of his life in the friary at Lynn; ordained priest, c. 1418; D.D., possibly of Oxford; visited Rome; a client of Humphrey, duke of Gloucester; provincial of the Augustinian friars, 1466; wrote in Latin sermons, theological tracts, and commentaries on many books of scripture. His chief Latin historical works are Nova Legenda Anglise -De illustribus Henricis and Vita Humfredi Duels Glocestrise In English he wrote lives of Sfe. Gilbert of Sempringham and of St. Katharine, also a chronicle of English history extending to A.D. 1417.
John Capon: '''John Capon''' , alias SALCOT (d. [[1557]]), bishop of Salisbury; Benedictine monk; B.A. Cambridge, 1488; prior of St. John's Abbey, Colchester; D.D. Cambridge, 1515; preached at court, 1616-17; abbot of St. Benet's Hulme, Norfolk; client of Cardinal Wolsey; solicited Cambridge University for a decree hi favour of Henry VIII's divorce, 1530: abbot of Hyde, near Winchester, 1530-9; nominated bishop of Bangor, 1533; consecrated, 1534, in defiance of the pope's veto; translated to Salisbury, 1639: surrendered Hyde Abbey to the king; reconciled to Rome, 1553.
William Capon: '''William Capon''' (d. [[1550]]), ecclesiastic ; B.A. Cambridge, 1499; D.D., 1617; fellow of Catharine Hall, Cambridge; a pluralist in benefices and prebends; chaplain to Cardinal Wolsey; master of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1516-46; dean of Wolsey's short-lived college at Ipswich, 1528.
William Capon: '''William Capon''' ([[1757]]-[[1827]]), architect and scenepainter; a portrait painter; scene-painter at Drury Lane, 1794-1809, and at Oovent Garden, 1802; architectural draughtsman to Duke of York, 1804; exhibited views of iuil. lings at the Royal Academy; made plans of the old palace of Westminster and the substructure of the abbey.
Newoome Cappe: '''Newoome Cappe''' ([[1733]]-[[1800]]), Unitarian; educated by dissenting ministers; pastor of St. Saviourgate chapel, York, 1766-1800; published sermons and theological tracta,
Capper: '''Capper''' 201
Cardross: '''Cardross'''
Francis Capper: '''Francis Capper''' ([[1735]]-[[1818]]), divine; educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford; rector of Monk tfohiim and Earl Soham, Suffolk, 1769-1818.
James Capper: '''James Capper''' ([[1743]]-[[1825]]), meteorologist ; educated at Harrow; colonel in the East India Company's service; afterwards resided in South Wales and Norfolk; vrot- -iatic itineraries and books on meteorological subjects and farming.
Joseph Capper: '''Joseph Capper''' ([[1727]]-[[1804]]), eccentric; grocer in London; lodged in the Horns inn, Kennington, 1779-1804.
Louisa Capper: '''Louisa Capper''' ([[1776]]-[[1840]]), daughter of James Capper q. v.j; published an abridgment of Locke on the Human Understanding 1811.
Thomas Cappoch: '''Thomas Cappoch''' ([[1719]]-[[1746]]).

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Charles Caraccioli: '''Charles Caraccioli''' (. [[1766]]), topographer; master of Arundel grammar school; published, 1776, Iin- Antiquities of Arundel Other works of doubtful authenticity are attributed to him.
Caractacus: '''Caractacus''' (ft. 50), king of the Britons; his name in English, Caradoc, in Welsh, Caradawg; a son of Cunobelin of Colchester; as chief of the Catuvellauni, took the lead in resisting the Roman invasion, A.D. 43; (Irtrated on the Thames and in Essex; withdrew to South Vnlt-s, and continued to harass the Romans; defeated (perhaps near Shrewsbury), A.D. 50; sent captive to Rome; died in captivity.
Sir John Francis Caradoc: '''Sir John Francis Caradoc''' , first BARON How-
Dkn: '''Dkn''' ([[1762]]-[[1839]]), general; only son of John Cradock , archbishop of Dublin; changed his name to Caradoc in 1820: cornet, 1777; captain, 1781; major, 1785; M.P. in the Irish parliament, 1785-1800; lieutenantcolonel, 1789; served in West Indies, 1790 and 1793-5; stationed in Ireland, 1795; took active part in suppressing Irih rebellion, 1798; major-general, 1798; served in Egypt, 1801; K.B., 1803; commander-in-chief at Madras, 1804-7; lieutenant-general, 1805; partly responsible for mutiny at Vellore, 1806; took command in Portugal, 1808; removed to the governorship of Gibraltar, 1809; governor of the Cape, 1811-14; general, 1812 created Baron Howden in the Irish peerage, 1819, and in the English peerage, 1831.
Sir John Hobart Caradoc: '''Sir John Hobart Caradoc''' , second BARON
Howden: '''Howden''' ([[1799]]-[[1873]]), diplomatist ; only child of Sir John Francis Caradoc, first baron Howden; ensign, 1816; aide-de-camp in France, 1815-18; captain, 1818; aide-de-camp at Lisbon and in Malta; on the embassy staff at Berlin, 1824, and Paris, 1825; major, 1825; envoy to Egypt, 1827; M.P., Dundalk, 1830; military attache with the French army, 1832, and the Spanish army, 1834; succeeded to barony, 1839; colonel, 1841; minister to Brazil. 1847-50; broke up the British blockade of Buenos Ayres, 1847; minister at Madrid, 1850-8; lieutenantgeneral, 1859; G.C.B.; died at Bayonne.
Caradog: '''Caradog''' (d. [[1035]]), a South Welsh prince ; a son of Rhydderch; fought against the sons of Edwin, 1032-5; slain by the English.
of Llancarvan Caradog: '''of Llancarvan Caradog''' (d. [[1147]] ?), Welsh chronicler; of the suite of Earl Robert of Gloucester; a friend of Geoffrey of Monmouth; wrote continuation of Geoffrey's chronicle, and other works, not now extant.
Caradori: '''Caradori''' -ALLAN, MARIA OATERINA ROSAL-
Bina: '''Bina''' ([[1800]]-[[1865]]), vocalist: born at Milan; daughter of Baron de Munck; took her mother's maiden name, Oaradori, for her professional name; married E. T. Allan, secretary of the King's Theatre, London, 1824; sang in the Italian opera in London, 1822-7, in Venice, 1830, and again in London in 1834; quitted the stage, and sang in oratorios and concerts; retired, 1845.
Carantactjs: '''Carantactjs''' in Welsh OARANNOO, SAINT O?.[[450]]), said to have declined the princedom of Cardigan in order to become a hermit; joined St. Patrick, and laboured wit h him in the conversion of Ireland; changed his name to Cernach; perhaps to be identified with the St. Cairnech whose festival is 16 May; returned to Wales; died in Ireland.
Caraus: '''Caraus''' mS ([[245]] ?-[[293]]), Roman emperor in Britain ; originally pilot on the Scheldt; served under the Emperor Maximian against the revolted Gauls, 286; given command of the Boulogne fleet against the Saxon pirates; enriched himself by plunder; suspecting Maximian's hostility, crossed to Britain, proclaimed himself emperor, raised troops, and struck coins, 287; defeated Maximian's fleet; admitted to partnership in tin; empire, 290; his garrison at Boulogne subdued byConstantius, 292; assassinated by Allectns Hia coins, chiefly minted at London and Colchester, are exceptionally numerous.
Earls of Carbery: '''Earls of Carbery''' . See VAUGHAN, RICHARD, second EARL of, 1600 ?-1686; VAUQHAN, JOHN, third EARL of, 1640-1713.
Henry Card: '''Henry Card''' ([[1779]]-[[1844]]), miscellaneous writer ; educated at Westminster School; B.A. Pembroke College, Oxford, 1800: D.D., 1823; vicar of Great Malvern, 1815, and of Dormiugton, Herefordshire, 1832; published verses and historical and theological tracts.
John Bate Cardaie: '''John Bate Cardaie''' ([[1802]]-[[1877]]), founder of the Catholic Apostolic (popularly called the Irvingite) church: son of a wealthy London solicitor; educated at Rugby, 1815-18; practised as solicitor in London, 1824-34; went to Scotland, 1830, to investigate the reportedspeaking with tongues; opened a prayer-meeting in London, to wait for the gift, October 1830; the gift of speaking In a tongue obtained by his wife, 1831; became, 1831, apostle of the new church; member, with his wife, of Edward Irving's congregation, in which (October 1831) speaking with tongues began; ordained Irving to be minister of the new church, 1833; settled at Albury, Surrey, 1835, where a cathedral was built; issued liturgy, 1842; published sermons and theological tracts.
Paul Cardale: '''Paul Cardale''' ([[1705]]-[[1775]]), Socinian; educated at a nonconformist seminary in Derbyshire, 1720; presbyter ian preacher at Kidderminster, 1726; minister at Evesham, 1733-75; published, anonymously, many Socinian sermons and tracts, 1740-74.
Peter Carder: '''Peter Carder''' (fl. [[1577]]-[[1586]]), a Cornish seaman; appeared in England, November 1586, with a tale that he had sailed with Sir Francis Drake, November 1577, been wrecked in the Straits of Magellan, October 1578, lived with savages, and made his way to Pernambuco.
Cardigan: '''Cardigan''' seventh EARL OP ([[1797]]-[[1868]]). See
James Thomas Brudenell: '''James Thomas Brudenell''' .
Cardmaker: '''Cardmaker''' aZuw TAYLOR, JOHN (d. [[1556]]), protestant martyr; an Observant friar; married after the suppression of his order by Henry VIII; vicar of St. Bridget's, Fleet Street, and lecturer at St. Paul's; prebendary of Wells; tried to escape over sea; arrested in London, November 1554; sentenced to death for heresy, May 1555; burnt in Smithfield.
Anthony Cardon: '''Anthony Cardon''' ([[1772]]-[[1813]]), engraver; a native of Brussels; came to London, 1792; illustrated books; engraved in stipple, chiefly portraits and battlepieces,
Philip Cardon: '''Philip Cardon''' (d. [[1817]] ?), engraver,
Cardonne: '''Cardonne''' 1, ADAM (d. [[1719]]), secretary to the Duke of Marlborough from 1692 throughout his campaigns; sou of a Huguenot refugee; clerk In the war office; M.P. for Southampton, 1701; his name put forward by Marlborough for the secretaryship of war, January 1710, but rejected by the tories; expelled the house on a charge of receiving gratuities from army contractors, 1712.
Cardonnel: '''Cardonnel''' afterwards CARDONNEL-LAWSON,
De Adam: '''De Adam''' (d. [[1820]]), antiquary; by profession a surgeon; studied antiquities and numismatics; F.S.A. Scotland, 1780: resided in Edinburgh; gave much assistance to Francis Grose; took the name Lawsoii and removed to Northumberland, on succession to an estate, c. 1790; often visited Bath; published treatises on Scottish coins and antiquities.

[edit] Section 229

Philip Db Cardonnel: '''Philip Db Cardonnel''' (d. [[1667]]), author of verses on Charles II's marriage.
Barons Cardross: '''Barons Cardross''' . See ERSKINB, DANIEL, second
Bakon: '''Bakon''' [[1616]]-[[1671]]; ERSKINE, HKNRY, third BABON, 1660-1693.
Well Card: '''Well Card''' 202
Carew: '''Carew'''
Howard Cardwell: '''Howard Cardwell''' ([[1787]]-[[1861]]), church historiau; B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1809: D.D., 18:il; fellow and tutor; Camden professor of ancient history, 1826-61; rector of Stoke Brnerne, Northamptonshire. 1828; principal of St. Alban Hall, Oxford, 1831-61; pubIMu-d sermons, editions of Aristotle's Ethics the Greek Testament, and.losophiis, and oolUvtimi- for tin- history (1546-1717) of the church of England and of the prayerbook,
Edward Cardwell: '''Edward Cardwell''' , VBCOCST CARDWKLL ([[1813]]1886 X statesman; son of Liverpool merchant; educated at Winchester and Balliol College, Oxford; B.A., 1835; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1838: M.P. for Clitheroe, 1843; attached himself to Sir Robert Peel; secretary to the treasury, 1845-6; M.P. for Liverpool, 1847-52; M.P. for Oxford city, 1852; president of the board of trade in Lord Aberdaen's coalition cabinet, 1852-5; carried through the Merckant Shipping Act, 1864 served on the commission regarding the manning of the navy, 1858: secretary for Ireland under Lord Palmerston, 1859-61: secretary for the colonies under Lord Palmerston and Russell, 1864-6: withdrew British troops from colonial stations and abolished transportation; secretary for war under Mr. Gladstone, 1868-74; introduced short service and the army reserve; abolished commissions by purchase; created Viscount Cardwell, 1874.
Henry Care: '''Henry Care''' ([[1646]]-[[1688]]), journalist; edited a partisan anti- Romanist journal, called theWeekly Pacqnet of Advice from Rome 1678-9, suppressed in 1680, but afterwards continued till 1683: published several controversial pamphlets and some translations.
William Careless: '''William Careless''' (*. [[1689]]).
Alexander Carencross: '''Alexander Carencross''' (d. [[1701]]X See
Cairncross: '''Cairncross'''
Carew: '''Carew'''
Sir Alexander Carew: '''Sir Alexander Carew''' ([[1609]]-[[1644]]), second baronet, of Antony, Cornwall; M.P. for Cornwall, 1640; governor for the parliament of St. Nicholas Island in Plymouth harbour; arrested on suspicion of betraying his charge; found guilty, 1644; executed on Tower Hill.
Bampylde Moore Carew: '''Bampylde Moore Carew''' ([[1693]]-[[1770]]?), king of the gipsies; son of a Devonshire rector; ran away from Tiverton school, and joined the gipsies; became a clever sharper: went to Newfoundland; returned to Newcastle-on-Tyne; elected king of the English gipsies; transported to Maryland; escaped, and returned to England; followed Prince Charles Edward's army to Derby. 1745.
Sir Benjamin Hallowell Carew: '''Sir Benjamin Hallowell Carew''' ([[1760]]1834), admiral; named Hallowell up to 1828, when he took the name Oarew on succeeding to certain property; born in Canada; served in the navy, chiefly in Mediterranean, 1781-1814; commander, 179U: commanded a ship in the battle of the Nile, 1798; presented Nelson with a coffin made of the timbers of the L'Orient; rear-admiral, 1811; K.O.B., 1816; commanded on home stations, 18161824; admiral, 1830.
Sir Edmund Carew: '''Sir Edmund Carew''' ([[1464]]-[[1513]]), soldier ; adherent of Henry VII; knighted on Bosworth field, 1485; drove Perkin Warbeck from Exeter, 1497; killed at the siege of Thcrouanne.
Elizabeth Carew: '''Elizabeth Carew''' , LADY (fl. [[1590]]). See
Euzabeth Carey: '''Euzabeth Carey''' , LADY.
George Carew: '''George Carew''' (d. [[1683]]), ecclesiastic : third son of Sir Edmund Oarew; B.A. Oxford, 1522; a pluralist in rectories and prebends; dean of Bristol, 1552-3 and 1559-71; dean of Christ Church, Oxford 1659-61; dean of Windsor, 1660-77; dean of Exeter, 15711683.
Sir George Carew: '''Sir George Carew''' (d. [[1612]]), lawyer and diplomatist; probably at Oxford; travelled: barrister; secretary to lord chancellors Hatton and Egerton; M.P. for various Cornish boroughs, 1584-1601; envoy to Sweden and Poland, 1598; a master in chancery, 1599-1612; knighted, 1603: envoy to France, 1606-9; master of court of wards, 1612; drew op reports of causes in chancery,
George Carew: '''George Carew''' , BARON CAREW OF CLOPTON ami
of Totxes Earl: '''of Totxes Earl''' ([[1555]]-[[1629]]), statesman ; son of George Carew (d. 1583); educated at Broadgates Hall, Oxford, 1564-73; attended Sir Peter Carew to Ireland, 1574; volunteer in Ireland, 1575; given charge of li'lilin Castle, 1576; repulsed Kory Oge O'More, 1577; captain in navy, 1578; commanded troops in Ireland, 1679-80; knighted, 1586; sent to report on Irish aff airs to Queen Elizabeth, 1586; master of ordnance in Ireland, 1588-92; lieutenant-general of ordnance in England, 1592; went with the expeditions to Cadiz, 1596, and the Azores, 1597; envoy to Prance, 1598; treasurer at war in Ireland, 1599; lord justice, 1599; president of Minister, 1600-3; ruthlessly suppressed Irish rebellion; M.P. for Hastings, 1604; created Baron Carew of Clopton House, 1605; master-general of the ordnance, 1608-17; governor of Guernsey, 1610-21; visited Ireland, 1610; created Earl of Tctnes, 1626. Portions of his large collections for Irish history are in the Lambeth and Bodleian libraries.
Sir John Carew: '''Sir John Carew''' (d. [[1362]]), jnsticiar in Ireland ; : owned Mulesford Manor, Berkshire, 1327; went to Ireland, 1332; negotiated with the Irish rebels, 1346: justiciar, 1349; king's escheator in Ireland, 1349, 1352, 1356, and 1356; attended the council at Waterford, 1369: at Westminster, 1361; followed Prince Lionel to Ireland.
John Carew: '''John Carew''' (d . [[1660]]), regicide ; of Antony, Cornwall; of republican opinions; co-opted by the Long parliament into the seat for Tregony: commissioner at Holdenby, 1646; sat as judge on Charles I and signed the I death-warrant; served in the Commonwealth parliaments of 1651 and 1654; imprisoned by Cromwell, 1655; retired to his estates; again imprisoned, 1658; fined for not attending in parliament, 1659; tried at London as a regi660; executed at Charing Cross. j cide, 1
John Edward Carew: '''John Edward Carew''' ([[1785]] ?-[[1868]]), sculptor ; assistant in London to Sir Richard Westmacott, 18091823; employed at Petworth by the third Earl of Egremont, 1823-37; lived latterly in London; exhibited ab the Royal Academy, 1830-48.

[edit] Section 230

Sir Matthew Carew: '''Sir Matthew Carew''' (d. [[1618]]), lawyer ; educated at Westminster School; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; studied law abroad: travelled in Italy; practised in the court of arches; a master in chancery, 15831618; knighted, 1603.
Sir Nicholas Carew: '''Sir Nicholas Carew''' (d. [[1539]]), of Beddington, Surrey; courtier of Henry VIII; attended Henry VIII in France, 1513; knighted before 1517; keeper of Greenwich Park, 1517; sheriff of Surrey and Sussex, 1519 and 1529; removed by the privy council from attendance on the king, 1619; sent to Calais, as lieutenant of the castle; attended Henry VIII in France, 1520; returned to court, 1521; master of the horse, 1622: envoy to France, 1527; M.P., Surrey, 1529; envoy to the Emperor Charles V, 1629-30; entertained Henry VIII at Beddington, 1531; envoy to France, 1532; K.G., 1536; condemned for his share in the Marquis of Exeter's treason; beheaded,
Sir Peter Carew: '''Sir Peter Carew''' ([[1514]]-[[1575]]), soldier; went to France as a page; became a muleteer; servant to a French officer in Italy, 1525; in the service of Philibert, prince of Orange, 1525-30; recommended to Henry VIII, who made him a gentleman of the privy chamber; travelled in Italy and Turkey, 1540; served in the war with France, 1644; knighted, 1645; sheriff of Devonshire, 1646; active in repressing the Devonshire rising, 1549; opposed Queen Mary's marriage with Philip of Spain; fled oversea; arrested in Antwerp; imprisoned in the Tower, 1556; went to Ireland to claim estates in Munster, 1568; engaged in civil war with the Butlers; recalled; constable of the Tower, 1572; returned to Ireland, 1674.
Richard Carew: '''Richard Carew''' ([[1555]]-[[1620]]), antiquary; educated at Christ Church, Oxford: succeeded to the estates at Antony, Cornwall: justice of the peace, 1581; M.P. for Saltash, 1584; high sheriff of Cornwall, 1586; M.P. for Michell, 1597; published a translation of the first five cantos of Tasso's Godfrey of Bvlloigne Jerusalem Delivered, 1594, and aSvrvey of Cornwall 1602.
Sir Richard Oarew: '''Sir Richard Oarew''' (d. [[1643]] ?), writer education; eldest son of Richard Carew (1555-1620); educated at Oxford and the Middle Temple; travelled in France: M.P. for Cornwall, 1614; M.P. for Michell, 1620; created baronet, 1642; wrote tract on teaching Latin.
Carew: '''Carew''' 203
Carey: '''Carey'''
Carew: '''Carew''' or GARY, ROBERT, also called CKRVIMTS (ft. 1325), schoolman: D.D.Oxford; wrote commentaries on Aristotl.-, 1'cter Lombard, and the scriptures.
Carew: '''Carew''' Sm THOMAS (d. [[1431]]), soldier in the service of Henry IV and Henry V.
Thomas Carew: '''Thomas Carew''' ([[1598]]7-[[1639]]?), poet; son of Sir Matthew Carew: entered Merton College, Oxford, 16UK; B.A., 1611; entered at Middle Temple, 1612; secretary to Sir Dudley Oarleton in Italy, 16131615; quarrelled with Oarleton, 1616; accompanied Lord Herbert of Cherbury to France, 1619; employed in the court of Charles I, who gave him Sunninghrll; a man of dissipated habits; wrote masques and songs.
Thomas Carew: '''Thomas Carew''' ([[1590]]-[[1672]] ?), traveller and historian.
Carey: '''Carey'''
David Carey: '''David Carey''' ([[1782]]-[[1824]]), journalist ; whig journalist in London, c. 1804, in Inverness, 1807, in Boston, 1812, and again in London, 1813; published verses, novels, and notes of travel.
Carey: '''Carey''' or CAREW, ELIZABETH, LADY, the elder (. 1590), daughter of Sir John Spencer of Althorpe; kinswoman of Edmund Spenser, who dedicated his Muiopotmos to her; married Sir George Carey, afterwards second baron Hunsdon
Carey: '''Carey''' or CAREW, ELIZABETH, the younger (d. 1635), daughter of Lady Elizabeth Carey the elder; patroness of Thomas Nash the satirist; married Sir Thomas Berkeley; possibly authoress of The Tragedie of Marian 1613.
Eustace Carey: '''Eustace Carey''' ([[1791]]-[[1855]]), missionary; educated in baptist seminaries; baptist missionary at Calcutta, 1814-25; visited baptist churches in Great Britain, advocating missions, from 1826; published tracts on missions.
Felix Carey: '''Felix Carey''' ([[1786]]-[[1822]]), auther of a Burmese grammar and dictionary, and translations into Burmese; son of William Carey (1761-1834); missionary; died at Serampur, Bengal.
George Carey: '''George Carey''' , second BARON HUNSDON ([[1547]]1603), eldest son of Henry Carey, first baron Huusdon ; married Lady Elizabeth Carey (fl. 1590); entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1560; envoy to Scotland, 1569; served against the northern rebels, and the Scots, 1570: knighted, 1570; constable of Bamborough Castle, 1574; envoy to Scotland, 1582; captain-general of the Isle of Wight, 1582; fortified the Isle of Wight in expectation of the Armada, 1687; envoy to Scotland, 1689; succeeded to barony, 1596; lord chamberlain of the household, 1597.
Carey: '''Carey''' or GARY, SIR GEORGE (d. [[1617]]), of Cockiugton; treasurer at war in Ireland, 1588; lord justice, 1603.
George Jackson Carey: '''George Jackson Carey''' ([[1822]]-[[1872]]), majorgeneral; educated at Elizabeth College, Guernsey; ensign, 1846; served in South Africa, 1846-57; captain, 1848; brevet-colonel, 1864; served in New Zealand, 1863-6; on home stations, 1867-72; major-general, 1868.
George Saville Carey: '''George Saville Carey''' ([[1743]]-[[1807]]), miscellaneous writer; posthumous son of Henry Carey (d. 1743); brought up as a printer; took to the stage, 1763; failed as an actor; a successful vocalist and mimic in London and the provinces, 1770-1807; published songs, plays, burlettas, and operas, 1766-1801.
Henry Carey: '''Henry Carey''' , first BARON HUNSDON ([[1524]]?1596), son of Anne Boleyn's sister and first cousin to Queen Elizabeth; M.P., Buckingham, 1547-55; received lands in Buckinghamshire from Edward VI, 1549; knighted, 1558; created Baron Hunsdon, January 1659, and given lands in Hertfordshire and Kent by Queen Elizabeth; K.G., 1561; in attendance at court; envoy to France, 1564; governor of Berwick, 1668-87; active in repressing the northern rebellion, 1569-70; entertained Elizabeth at Hunsdon and received hinds in Yorkshire, 1571; favoured Queen Elizabeth's projected marriage with the Due d'Aujou, 1579; lord chamberlain of the household, 1583; commissioner on various treason trials, 1585-95; commissioner to try Mary Stuart, 1586; envoy to Scotland, 1687; in command of the forces at Tilbury, 1588; envoy to France, 1591.
Henry Carey: '''Henry Carey''' , second EARL OF MONMOUTH ; (1596-1661), translator; eldest sou of Robert Carey, first i earl of Moumouth; spent his boyhood with his father on the borders and at the court of James 1; B.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1613; travelled, 1613-16; K.B., 1616; succeeded to the earldom, 1639; lived in retirement; published translations from the Italian and French, 1637-58.
Henry Carey: '''Henry Carey''' (d. [[1743]]), author of 'Sally incur Alley published his first poems, 1713; wrote farees, burlesques, and songs for the London theatres, 1715-39. His Dramatic Works appeared 1743.
James Carey: '''James Carey''' ([[1845]]-[[1883]]), Fenian and informer ; a bricklayer of Dublin; a successful Dublin builder; joined the Fenians, 1861; became a leader of the * Invincibles 1881; directed the assassination of Lord Frederick Cavendish, May 1882; arrested, January 1883; turned queen's evidence, February; murdered at sea.

[edit] Section 231

John Carey: '''John Carey''' , third BARON HUNSDON (d. [[1617]]), second son of Henry Carey, first baron Hunsdon; deputy warden of the eastern marches and marshal of Berwick; proclaimed James I, king of England, at Berwick, 25 March 1603; succeeded to barony, September 1603.
John Carey: '''John Carey''' ([[1756]]-[[1826]]), classical scholar ; born in Ireland; educated in France; visited the United States, 1789; settled in London as a teacher of classics and French; edited Dryden'sVirgil 1803 and 1819; edited many classical texts and school-booka.
Matthew Carey: '''Matthew Carey''' ([[1760]]-[[1839]]), bookseller ; son of a Dublin baker; apprenticed to a bookseller; went to Paris, 1779, fearing prosecution for a pamphlet reflecting on the penal laws; conducted the Dublin Freeman's Journal 1 and (1783)The Volunteer's Journal emigrated to Philadelphia, 1784; journalist at Philadelphia, 1785-92; bookseller and publisher, 1792-1824; published Vindiciae Hiberaicae 1819, to extenuate the rebellion of 1641; wrote a multitude of papers on political and social subjects.
Patrick Carey: '''Patrick Carey''' (Jl. [[1651]]).
Robert Carey: '''Robert Carey''' , first EARL OP MONMOUTH ([[1560]] ?1639), youngest son of Henry Carey, first baron Hunsdon; employed in the public service in the Netherlands, 1577-81, and in Scotland, 1583; M.P., Morpeth, 1586-93; fought in the Netherlands, 1587, against the Armada, 1588, and in Normandy, 1591; envoy to Scotland, 1588 and 1593; knighted, 1591; employed on the Scottish border, 1593-1603; M.P., Northumberland, 1598 and 1601; conveyed, by three daysriding, news of Elizabeth's death to James VI of Scotland, 1603; master of the robes to Prince Charles, 1611, and chamberlain, 1617-25; created Baron Leppington, 1622; followed Prince Charles to Spain, 1623; created Earl of Monmouth, 1626; wrote an autobiography (printed 1759).
Valentine Carey: '''Valentine Carey''' (d. [[1626]]).
William Carey: '''William Carey''' ([[1761]]-[[1834]]), orientalist and missionary; son of a Northamptonshire schoolmaster; a shoemaker; joined the baptists, 1783; pastor at Moulton, Northamptonshire, 1786, and Leicester, 1789; devoted himself to study; founded Baptist Missionary Society; went to Calcutta, 1794; made a living as foreman at an indigo factory at Maldah; preached there in Bengali, 1795-9; removed to Serampur, 1799; professor of Sanskrit at Fort William College, 1801; opened mission chapel at Calcutta, 1805; issued translations of the scriptures; compiled grammars and dictionaries of several native languages and edited the Ramayana 1806-10.
William Carey: '''William Carey''' ([[1769]]-[[1846]]), bishop of Exeter and St. Asaph; educated at Westminster School; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1789; M.A., 1796; censor, 17981802; vicar of Cowley, Oxford; head-master of Westminster, 1803-14; D.D., 1807; prebendary of Westminster, 1809; vicar of Sutton-in-the-Forest, Yorkshire; bishop of Exeter, 1820; bishop of St. Asapb, 1830-46; bene factor of Christ Church, Oxford.
Carey: '''Carey''' 204
Caklh: '''Caklh''' jE
William Paulet Carey: '''William Paulet Carey''' ([[1759]]-[[1839]]), art eritio; eneniver at Dublin; a dealer in pictures.unl prints in London; one of the first to nvoiriiis.- the ironius of Ohantrey, the sculptor; removed to Birmingham, 1834; published many works on artistic and literary questions, 1801-36.
Ann Cargill: '''Ann Cargill''' ([[1748]]7-[[1784]]), actress and vocalist ; acted under the name of Miss Brown at Coveut Garden, 1770-80, and under that of Mrs. Cargill at the Haymarket, 1780; went on a professional tour to India, 1782; drowned off Scilly.
Donald Cargill: '''Donald Cargill''' , or, according to some, DANIEL ( 1619 ?-1681), covenanter; educated at Aberdeen and St. Andrews; minister of Barony parish, Glasgow, 1656; ejected by the privy council for rebuking Charles IPs conduct, 1662: field preacher in the lowlands; present at battle of Both well Bridge, 1679; pronounced Charles II deposed and excommunicated, 1680; captured, 1680; executed at Edinburgh.
James Cargill: '''James Cargill''' (fl. [[1605]]), botanist: medical practitioner in Aberdeen after studying botany at Basle.
Earls of Carhampton: '''Earls of Carhampton''' . See LUTTRELL, HENRY LA WES, second EARL, 1743-1821; LUTTRELL-OLMIUS, JOHN, third EARL, d. 1829.
Benjamin Carier: '''Benjamin Carier''' ([[1566]]-[[1614]]), convert to Roman Catholicism; B.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1686, and fellow, 1589-1602; D.D., 1602; rector of Paddlesworth, Kent, 1598-9; vicar of Thurnham, Kent, 1600-13; rector of West Tarring, Sussex, 1602; rector of Old Romney, Kent, and chaplain to James 1, 1603; prebendary of Canterbury, 1608; fellow of Sutcliffe's college at Chelsea; withdrew to Spa; converted to Romanism at Cologne; died in Paris: published treatise in justification of his conversion, 1613.
William Db Carilef: '''William Db Carilef''' , SAINT (d. [[1096]]), bishop of Durham; secular priest at Bayeux; monk at St. Carilef (or Calais), Maine; abbot of St. Vincent; bishop of Durham, 1081; expelled,the secular canons at Durham and put monks in their place, 1083; an adviser of William I; chief minister to William 111088; rebelled; took refuge in Normandy; pardoned, 1091; commenced the rebuilding of Durham Cathedral, 1093; helped William II in his proceedings against Anselm, 1095, though he had previously maintained that bishops were exempt from the royal jurisdiction.
Samuel Carzeet: '''Samuel Carzeet''' (d. [[1746]]), presbyterian ; minister at Totnes, 1710; removed to Bodmin, c. 1729; published sermons.
Carxes: '''Carxes''' 8E, JAMES (fl. [[1679]]), verse writer ; educated at Westminster; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1662; master of Magdalen College School, Oxford; joined the Roman catholic church before 1679; published Lucids Intervalla,* a volume of doggerel rhymes, 1679.
Robert Carkett: '''Robert Carkett''' (d. [[1780]]), naval officer ; seaman in the navy, 1734; midshipman, c. 1738; lieutenant, 1745; distinguished himself in action, 1758; captain, 1758; failed to understand Rodney's instructions, 17 April 1780, thereby spoiling that commander's plans; his ship wrecked in a hurricane, all hands being lost, 1780.
Christopher Carleill: '''Christopher Carleill''' ([[1551]] P-[[1593]]), military and naval commander; educated at Cambridge; Sir Francis Walsingham's son-in-law; served at sea and on land with the Dutch, 1572-7; served under Oonde at La Rochelle; escorted English mercliant fleet to Russia, 1582; projected voyage of exploration to America, 1683; commander at Ooleraine, 1584: commanded the land forces against the Spanish West Indies, 1585; governor of Ulster, 1588.
Lodowiok Oarlell: '''Lodowiok Oarlell''' (fl. [[1629]]-[[1664]]), dramatist ; a court official under Charles I and Charles II: published nine plays (eight extant).
Baron Carleton: '''Baron Carleton''' (d. [[1726]]).
Sir Dudley Carleton: '''Sir Dudley Carleton''' , VISCOUNT DORCHESTER (1573-1632), diplomatist; educated at Westminster School; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1696; travelled, 1596-1600; ambassador's secretary at Paris, 1602-3: M.P., St. Mawes, 1604-11; secretary to Henry, earl of Northumberland; travelled with Francis, lord Norreys, 1605; suspected of complicity in the Gunpowder plot, 1606; knighted, 1610; ambassador to Venice, 1610-15; ambassador at the Hague, 1616-25; envoy to Paris, 1626; M.P., Hastings, 1626; created Baron Oarleton of Imbereourt. May 1616; envoy to the Hague, 1626-8; created Viscount Dorchester, July 1628; secretary of state, 1628; left a mass of official correspondence.
George Carleton: '''George Carleton''' ([[1659]]-[[1628]]), bishop of Chichester; entered St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1576; fellow of Merton College, 1580; M.A., 1585; vicar of Mayfleld, Sussex, 1589-1605; D.D., 1613; bishop of Llandaff, 1618; represented the church of England at the synod at Dort, 1018-19; bishop of Chichester, 1619; published complimentary verses, theological tracts, and a life of Bernard Gilpin.

[edit] Section 232

George Carleton: '''George Carleton''' (fl. [[1728]]), captain ; published at London, 1728, an autobiography entitled Military Memoirs from 1672 to 1713 (long thought to be one of Defoe's fictions); volunteer in the English fleet, 1672; in the Prince of Orange's service in the Netherlands; stationed in Scotland, 1690?-1705; served in Spain under Peterborough, 1705.
Guy Carleton: '''Guy Carleton''' ( [[1598]] ?-[[1685]]), bishop of Chichester ; educated at Carlisle school; entered Queen's College, Oxford, 1625; fellow; M.A., 1629; followed Charles I's army, although a divine; imprisoned at Lambeth; escaped oversea; D.D., 1660; dean of Carlisle, 1660; bishop of Bristol, 1671; bishop of Chichester, 1678.
Guy Carleton: '''Guy Carleton''' , first BARON DORCHESTER ([[1724]]1808), governor of Quebec; ensign, 1742; lieutenantcolonel, 1757; served in America, 1758-62; colonel, 1762; acting governor of Quebec, 1766-70; returned to England, 1770; major-general, 1772; advocated the Quebec Act, 1774; governor of Quebec, 1775-7; defeated by an American force, 1775; successfully defended Quebec, December 1775 to May 1776; defeated the Americans on Lake Champlain, October 1776; K.B., 1776; returned to England, 1778; commander-in-chief in America, 1782-3; created Baron Dorchester, August 1786; resided in Quebec as governor, 1786-91 and 1793-6; general, 1793.
Hugh Carleton: '''Hugh Carleton''' , VISCOUNT OARLKTON ([[1739]]1826), Irish judge; educated at Trinity College, Dublin; solicitor-general, 1779; lord chief justice of the common pleas, 1787-1800; created Baron Oarleton, 1789; created Viscount Oarleton, 1797; lord chief justice, 1800.
Mary Carleton: '''Mary Carleton''' ([[1642]] ?-[[1673]]), 'the German princess; criminal; born in Canterbury and named Mary Moders; came from Holland to England, 1661, pretending to be a noble German heiress; married bigamously John Carleton, 1663; went on the stage, 1664; transported for theft to Jamaica, 1671; returned to London; hanged for theft; subject of two broadsides and an 4 Historicall Narrative
Richard Carleton: '''Richard Carleton''' ([[1560]] ?-[[1638]]?), composer; B.A. Clare College, Cambridge, 1577; Mus. Bac.; employed at Norwich Cathedral; rector of Bawsey, Norfolk, 1612; published madrigals.
Thomas Carleton: '''Thomas Carleton''' ([[1593]] 7-[[1666]]). See OOMP
Ton: '''Ton'''
William Carleton: '''William Carleton''' (d. [[1309]]?), judge; justice over the Jews, 1286-90; baron of the exchequer, 1291; senior baron, 1300.
William Carleton: '''William Carleton''' ([[1794]]-[[1869]]), Irish novelist ; born in Tyrone; son of a poor cottar; taught by u hedge-priest; intended for the church; tutor in Dublin; published numerous realistic tales delineating Irish life, 1830-62; pensioned.
Robert Carxiell: '''Robert Carxiell''' (d. [[1622]]?), poet; published, 1620, Britaines Glorie an allegorical poem praising the church.
Carlile: '''Carlile'''
Oarlyle: '''Oarlyle'''
Carlile: '''Carlile''' or CARLISLE, ANNE (d. [[1680]] ?), miniaturist; mentioned, 1658, as painting in oil.
Christopher Carlile: '''Christopher Carlile''' (d. [[1588]]?), divine ; fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge; M.A., 1541; B.D., 1552; D.D.: was residing at MonksHorton, Kent, 1563; published two controversial treatises. See also OARLIELL, CARLISLE, and
Carl: '''Carl''' rLE 205
Carlyle: '''Carlyle'''
Christopher Carlile: '''Christopher Carlile''' ([[1551]] 7-[[1593]]). See OAR
Leill: '''Leill''' ClUUSTorilKK.
James Carlile: '''James Carlile''' (d. [[1691]]), dramatist ; an actor at Drury Lane, 1CK2-1: captain in the army: brought out 4 Fortune Hunters a comely, 1689; killed at Aghrim.
James Carlile: '''James Carlile''' ([[1784]]-[[1854]]), divine ; born at Paisley educated at Glasgow; D.D.; joint minister of a Scots church in Dublin, 1813-54; commissioner of education, 1830-9; inaugurated mission to Roman catholics at I'arsonstown, 1839; published theological and controversial tracts.
Richard Carlile: '''Richard Carlile''' ([[1790]]-[[1843]]), freethinker; a Devonshire shoemaker's son; chemist's shopboy in Exeter; journeyman tinsmith; mechanic in London, 1813; a disciple of Thomas Paine, 1816; vendor of prohibited papers, 1817; printer and author of freethought papers; issued Paine's works, 1818: imprisoned at Dorchester, 1819-25; LssuedThe Republican a journal, 1819-26; his wife, sister, and shopmen imprisoned, in spite of which the journal still appeared; opened hall for free discussion, 1830; imprisoned for refusing to pay church rates, 1830-3 and 1834-5: wrote numerous controversial tracts and serials.
Earls Op Carlingford: '''Earls Op Carlingford''' . See TAAKE, THEO-
Bald: '''Bald''' first EARL, d. [[1677]]; TAAFE, FRANCIS, third EARL, 1639-1704.
Viscounts of Carlingford: '''Viscounts of Carlingford''' . See TAAFE, THEO-

[edit] Section 233

Bald: '''Bald''' second VISCOUNT, d. [[1677]] ; TAAFE, FRANCIS, fourth
Viscount: '''Viscount''' [[1639]]-[[1704]] ; TAAFE, NICHOLAS, sixth VISCOUNT, 1877-1769.
Baron Carlingford: '''Baron Carlingford''' , [[1823]]-[[1898]]. See FORTESCUE,
Samuel Parkinson Ohichester: '''Samuel Parkinson Ohichester''' .
Agostino Carllni: '''Agostino Carllni''' (d. [[1790]]), sculptor and painter ; born at Genoa; exhibited at Royal Academy, 1760-86; celebrated for his treatment of drapery.
Carlisle: '''Carlisle''' See also CARLEILL, OARLIELL, CARLILE, and OABLYLE.
Earls of Carlisle: '''Earls of Carlisle''' . See HARCLAY, ANDREW. d. 1323; HAY, JAMES, d. 1636; HOWARD, CHARLES, first EARL of the second creation, 1629-1685; HOWARD, CHARLES, third EARL, 1674-1738; HOWARD, HKNUY, fourth EARL, 1694-1758; HOWARD, FREDERICK, fifth EARL, 1748-1825; HOWARD, GKOROE, sixth EARL, 17731848; HOWARD. GEORGE WILLIAM FREDERICK, seventh EARL, 1802-1864.
Countess of Carlisle: '''Countess of Carlisle''' ([[1599]]-[[1660]]). See HAY,
Lucy: '''Lucy'''
Sir Anthony Carlisle: '''Sir Anthony Carlisle''' ([[1768]]-[[1840]]), surgeon: apprenticed to practitioners in York and Durham; studied in London; surgeon to the Westminster Hospital, 17931840; professor of anatomy at the Royal Academy, 18081824; knighted, 1820; introduced the thin-bladed, straightedged amputating knife; wrote on medical, artistic, and scientific subjects.
Nicholas Carlisle: '''Nicholas Carlisle''' ([[1771]]-[[1847]]), antiquary; born at York; purser in the East India Company's service; secretary to Society of Antiquaries, 1807; assistant librarian, Royal Library, 1812; compiler of topographical dictionaries, family histories, and similar works.
Edward John Carlos: '''Edward John Carlos''' ([[1798]]-[[1851]]), antiquary ; au official of the lord mayor's court office; wrote descriptions of London churches and old buildings.
Carles Carlos: '''Carles Carlos''' , or CARELESS, WILLIAM (d. 1689), royalist; major or colonel in the civil wars; after Worcester fight, 3 Sept. 1651, hid himself in an oak tree near Boscobel House; shared his retreat with Charles II, 6 and 7 Sept.; escaped to France; was taken into Charles's service; granted one-third of the tax on hay and straw in London and Westminster, 1661; received a bounty from James II, 1687.
James Carlse: '''James Carlse''' ([[1798]]-[[1856]]), engraver; of London ; engraved chiefly for annuals and books.
Alexander Carlyle: '''Alexander Carlyle''' ([[1722]]-[[1805]]), Scottish divine; nicknamedJupiter Carlyle from his fine presence; eye-witness of the Porteous riots, 1736, and the battle of Prestonpaus, 1746; entered Edinburgh Univer sity, 1735; M.A., 1743; studied also at Glasgow, 1743-4, and Leyden, 1745; D.D.; minister of Inveresk, Midlothian, 1748-1805; leader of the Scottish Broad church party; censured for attending the performance of John Home's 'Douglas 1757; published jM)litical pamphlets, 1758-64; sent to London to ask exemption of Scottish clergy from window-tax, 1769; moderator of the general assembly, 1770; dean of the Chapel Royal, 1789; his autobiography printed, 1860.
Jane Baillie Welsh Carlyle: '''Jane Baillie Welsh Carlyle''' ([[1801]]-[[1866]]), only child of John Welsh (d. 1819), physician, of Haddington; a self-willed girl; wrote verses, 1815; of feeble health and querulous disposition, but with much shrewd wit; wished to marry Edward Irving, 1818-23; made the acquaintance of Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881) , 1821; rejected him, 1823; accepted him, 1825; married him, 1826; resided first at Edinburgh and Oraigenputtock, and then in Cheyne Row, Chelsea, 1834-66; formed a coterie of lady friends, 1841; impaired her own and her husband's happiness by groundless jealousy, 1845-57; became a great invalid, 1858; died suddenly of the shook of a trivial accident; her letters were published, 1883.
John Aitken Carlyle: '''John Aitken Carlyle''' ([[1801]]-[[1879]]), physician ; younger brother of Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881); born at Ecclefechan; master in Annan academy; M.D. Edinburgh, 1825; studied also in Germany; failed to gain practice in London; physician to the Countess of Clare in Italy, 1831-7, and to the Duke of Buccleuch abroad 1838-43; lodged in Chelsea; published a prose translation of Dante's Inferno 1849; removed to Edinburgh, c. 1855; latterly resided at Dumfries; studied Icelandic; benefactor to Edinburgh University,
Joseph Dacre Carlyle: '''Joseph Dacre Carlyle''' ([[1759]]-[[1804]]), Arabic scholar; B.A. QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1779; fellow; B.D., 1793; published translations from the Arabic, 1792-6; professor of Arabic, 1795; travelled in the Levant, 1799-1801; vicar of Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1801. His poems and Arabic bible appeared posthumously.
Thomas Carlyle: '''Thomas Carlyle''' ([[1803]]-[[1855]]), an apostle of the Catholic Apostolic church; schoolfellow of Edward Irving at Annan; studied at Edinburgh; advocate at the Scottish bar, 1824; published theological tracts, 1827-9; settled at Albury, Surrey, as ninth apostle, 1835; received North Germany as his province, 1838, and travelled widely there; died at Albury; publishedThe Moral Phenomena of Germany 1845.
Thomas Carlyle: '''Thomas Carlyle''' ([[1795]]-[[1881]]), essayist and historian; son of a mason at Ecclefechan, Dumfriesshire; educated at the parish school, and (1805) at Annan academy; entered Edinburgh University, 1809; studied mathematics; intended for the church; mathematical teacher at Annan, 1814; schoolmaster at Kirkcaldy, 1816, where he became intimate with Edward Irving; read law in Edinburgh, 1819, where he developed extreme sensitiveness to physical discomforts; took pupils; read German; met his future wife see JANE BAILLIE WELSH CARLYLE, 1821; tutor to Charles Buller at Edinburgh and Dunkeld, 1822-4; contributed aLife of Schillerto theLondon Magazine 1824; translated Legendre's Geometry and Goethe's Wilhelm Meister 1824; visited Paris, 1824; lodged in Islington, 1825; retired to Dumfriesshire, 1825; married and settled in Edinburgh, 1826; contributed to theEdinburgh Review 1827-9; unsuccessful candidate for the moral philosophy chair at St. Andrews; removed to Craigenputtock, Dumfriesshire, 1828, where he wrote on German literature for the magazines; in great monetary difficulties, 1831; in London, 1831, where he failed to get Sartor Resartus published; returned to Craigenputtock, 1832; removed to Cheyne Row, Chelsea, 1834; the manuscript of the first volume of his French Revolution accidentally burnt by John Stuart Mill, March 1835: met John Sterling, 1835: published his French Revolution 1837, and made his reputation; gave four lecture-courses in London, 1837-40, the last on Hero-worship (published 1841); urged formation of London Library, 1839; published Chartism 1839, Past and Present 1843, and Oliver Cromwell 1846; visited Ireland, 1846 and 1849; published Life of Sterling 1851; wrote Frederick the Great 18511865 (published 1858-65); travelled in Germany, 1852 and 1868; lord rector of Edinburgh University, 1866-6; lost
Cablyon: '''Cablyon''' 5 his wife 1866; wrote hisReminiscences(published 1881V published pamphlet in favour of Germany in r,-gdto Franco-German war. WO; his right hand paraiWed, 1872; received the Prussian order of merit, 1874; buried at KooK-fivhaii: hem-factor of Edinburgh University HisCollected Worksfirst appeared 1857-8. His lifewas written with great frankness by his friend and disciple, James Anthony Froude
Clement Carlyon: '''Clement Carlyon''' ([[1777]]-[[1864]]), physician ; member of Pembroke College, Cambridge; travelled in Germany studied medicine in Edinburgh and London; settled in Truro; friend of Coleridge; published an autobiography and miscellaneous tracts.
Marquis of Carmarthen: '''Marquis of Carmarthen''' ([[1631]]-[[1712]]). See
Thomas Osborne: '''Thomas Osborne''' .
Peter Carmeliantjs: '''Peter Carmeliantjs''' (d. [[1527]]), court poet ; born at Brescia; came to England, c. 1480 ?; wrote first in laudation, subsequently in vituperation, of Richard III; pensioned by Henry VII, 1486; Latin secretary and chaplain to Henry VII; lute-player to Henry VIII; prebendary of York, 1498-1527; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1517-26; beneficed in Yorkshire; prebendary of St. Stephens, Westminster, 1524.

[edit] Section 234

Frederick Carmichael: '''Frederick Carmichael''' ([[1708]]-[[1761]]), divine; M.A. Glasgow, 1725; minister of Monimail, 1737, and of Inveresk, 1747-51; published sermons.
James Carmichael: '''James Carmichael''' (ft. [[1587]]), a Scot, published a small Latin grammar at Cambridge.
Sir James Carmichael: '''Sir James Carmichael''' , first BARON OARMICHAEL (1578?-1672), Scottish judge; successively styled of Hyndford, of Westeraw, and, 1600, of Carmichael; courtier of James VI of Scotland; created baronet of Nova Scotia, 1627; sheriff of Lanark, 1632; lord justice clerk, 1634-6; treasurer-depute, 1636-49; a lord of session, 1636-49, with style of Lord Oarmichael; created Baron Carmichael, 1651; fined by Cromwell, 1654.
James Wilson Carmichael: '''James Wilson Carmichael''' ([[1800]]-[[1868]]), marine painter; went to sea; a shipbuilder's draughtsman; painted at Newcastle in water-colours and (1825) in oils; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1838-62; wrote on painting.
Sir John Carmichael: '''Sir John Carmichael''' (d. [[1600]]), of Carmichael : tried to deliver Morton, 1581; involved in the raid of Kuthven, 1584; warden of the west marches, 1588-92; envoy to Denmark, 1589; envoy to England, 1690; again warden, 1598; murdered by the Armstrongs,
John Carmichael: '''John Carmichael''' , second BARON CARMICHAEL and first EARL OF HYNDFORD (1638-1710), succeeded to the barony, 1672; lord privy seal of Scotland, 1689; commissioner to the general assembly, 1690 and 1694-9; colonel of dragoons, 1693-7; secretary of state, 1696-1702; created Earl of Hyudford, 1701; supported the Act of Union.
John Carmichael: '''John Carmichael''' , third EARL OF HYNDFORD (1701-1767), diplomatist; army captain, 1733: succeeded to earldom, 1737; Scottish representative peer; sheriff of Lanark, 1739; commissioner to the general assembly, 1739-40; envoy to Prussia, 1741-2, to Russia, 1744-9, and to Vienna, 1752-64.
Richard Carmichael: '''Richard Carmichael''' ([[1779]]-[[1849]]), surgeon; assistant-surgeon to the Wexford militia, 1795-1802; practised in Dublin, 1803; surgeon to St. George's Hospital, 1803, to the Lock Hospital, 1810, and to the Richmond Hospital, 1816-36; advocated the improvement of medical education in Ireland; founded and endowed the Carmichael School of Medicine, 1826; wrote on medical subjects; drowned.
Alice Carmylyon: '''Alice Carmylyon''' or ELLYS (ft. [[1627]]-[[1631]]), decorative painter to Henry VIIL
William Carnaby: '''William Carnaby''' ([[1772]]-[[1839]]), composer; chorister of the Chapel Royal; organist at Eye and at Huntingdon; Mus. Bac. Cambridge, 1805; Mus. Doc., 1808; organist to Hanover Chapel, Regent Street, London, 1823-39; composed songs, duets, and pianoforte pieces.
Sir James Rivett Carnac: '''Sir James Rivett Carnac''' ([[1785]]-[[1846]]), Indian official; entered the East India Company's service, 1801; political officer; resident at Baroda, 1817-19; major; returned to England, 1822; created baronet, 1836; chair
Caboline: '''Caboline''' man of the East India Company, 1836-7; M.P., Sandwich. 1837; governor of Bombay, 1838; returned to England, 1841.
John Carnac: '''John Carnac''' ([[1716]]-[[1800]]), colonel ; captain in the East India Company's service, 1768; major, 1760; brigadier-general, 1764; returned to England, 1767; M.P., Leominster, 1767; served in Bengal, 1771; member of council at Bombay, 1776-9; died at Mangalore.
Earls of Carnarvon: '''Earls of Carnarvon''' . See DORMER, ROHKKT, first EARL, d. 1643; HERBERT, HENRY JOHN GEORGE, third EARL of the third creation, 1800-1849; HERBERT, HENRY HOWARD MOLYNEUX, fourth EARL, 1831-1890.
Sir Ed Ward Carne: '''Sir Ed Ward Carne''' (d. [[1661]]), diplomatist ; D.O.L. Oxford, 1524; a commissioner for suppressing the monasteries, 1539; bought Ewenny Abbey, Glamorganshire; envoy to the pope, 1531; envoy to the Low Countries, 1538 and 1541; knighted by Charles V; M. P., Glamorganshire, 1554-5; ambassador to the pope, 1555-9; remained at Rome till death.
Elizabeth Catherine Thomas Carne: '''Elizabeth Catherine Thomas Carne''' (1817-1873), author; fifth daughter of Joseph Oarne ; head of the Penzance bank, 1858-73; founded several schools in Cornwall; a geologist; published notes of travel.
John Carne: '''John Carne''' ([[1789]]-[[1844]]), traveller and author; educated at QueensCollege, Cambridge; published poems, 1820; travelled in the East, 1821; ordained deacon, 1826; resided in Penzance; published travels, biographies of eminent missionaries, and tales.
Joseph Carne: '''Joseph Carne''' ([[1782]]-[[1868]]), geologist; manager of Hayle copper works, 1810; manager of Penzance bank, 1820; wrote papers on Cornish geology, 1816-51, and on mining.
Robert Harkness Carne: '''Robert Harkness Carne''' ([[1784]]-[[1844]]), theologian; son of a Cornish mercer; B.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1806; curate at Crediton; his licence to preach revoked for doctrinal reasons; withdrew from the Anglican church, 1820; pastor of a chapel at Exeter; withdrew to Jersey; published theological tracts, 1810-30.
Sir David Carnegie: '''Sir David Carnegie''' of Kiunaird, BARON CAR-
Negie: '''Negie''' and EARL OF SOUTHESK ([[1576]]-[[1658]]), succeeded to the Kinnaird estate, 1598; travelled, 1601; knighted, 1603; supported James I's church policy in Scotland; created Baron Caroegie, 1616; a lord of session, 16161625; supported Charles I's church policy in Scotland; created Earl of Southesk, 1633; imprisoned in Edinburgh by the covenanters, 1640; fined by Cromwell, 1654.
Sir Robert Carnegie: '''Sir Robert Carnegie''' (d. [[1566]]), of Kinnaird, Scottish judge; a lord of session, 1547, styled Lord Kinuaird; envoy to England, 1548, and to France, 1551; clerk to the treasurer, 1553; an adherent of Mary of Guise, queen regent, who gave him lands in Forfarshire. ix. 138} Nm
William Carnegie: '''William Carnegie''' , seventh EARL OF NORTHKSK (1758-1831), admiral; served in the navy, 1771-1806; captain, 1782; styled, bv courtesy, Lord Rosehill. from 1788; succeeded as seventh earl, 1792; imprisoned by the Nore mutineers, 1797; rear-admiral, 1804; fought at Trafalgar, 1805; admiral, 1814; commander-in-chief at Plymouth, 1827-30.
Earls of Carnwath: '''Earls of Carnwath''' . See" DALYELL, ROBERT, second EARL,. 1651; DALYELL, SIR ROBERT, sixth EARL, d. 1737.
Caroline: '''Caroline''' ([[1683]]-[[1737]]), queen of George II ; daughter of John Frederick (d. 1687), margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach; resided with her mother chiefly at Dresden, 1692-6; wished to marry Frederick II of Saxe-Gotha, c. 1 695; resided at Berlin under the tutelage of Frederick, king of Prussia (in 1701) and his consort Sophia Charlotte (d. 1704), daughter of Electress Sophia of Hanover; became acquainted with Leibniz, and with the Electress Sophia; a proposal to marry her to Archduke Charles, afterwards Charles VI, discussed, 1698-1705, but abandoned in consequence of her protestantism; returned to Ansbach, 1704; married, September 1705, to George Augustus, prince of Hanover; resided at Hanover, intriguing for the English succession, 1706-14; her children born, 1707-24; laarnt a little English, 1713; acoom

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Caroline: '''Caroline''' 207
Carpenter: '''Carpenter''' paoied her husband to England as Princess of Wales, 1714; was included in George I's displeasure against her husband, 1717; lived at Richmond Lodge, 1718, which afterwards lecame her favourite residence; connived at her husband's amour with her bedchamber- woman ( Mrs. Ho ward, afterwards Countess of Suffolk); found a capable and honest adviser as to English politics in John, lord Hervey; became queen, 1727, and thenceforward gave unwavering support to Sir Robert Walpole; maintained her influence over George II by flattering his vanity and conniving at his amours; had an intense hatred of her eldest son, Frederick, prince of Wales; favoured the low church party; regent in George II's absence, 1729,1732, 1735, 1736-7; was more German than English to the last in her conceptions; died after an unsuccessful operation lor rupture.
Matilda Caroline: '''Matilda Caroline''' ([[1751]]-[[1775]]), queen of Denmark, posthumous child of Frederick, prince of Wales, eldest son of George II; married Christian VII, king of Denmark, at Frederiksberg Palace, near Copenhagen, 8 Nov. 1766; badly treated from the first by her husband, a profligate sinking into imbecility; birth of her son (afterwards king), January 1768; resided at Frederiksberg during her husband's foreign tour, 1768-9; her husband much influenced by his ambitious German physician, John Frederick Struensee; treated by Christian VII with more respect in consequence of the representations of Struensee (1769), who became all powerful in the palace, 1770, and chief minister, 1771; believed to be Struensee's paramour by the Danes, who detested him; a daughter born to her, July 1771; imprisoned at Kronborg, January 1772; Struensee being arrested (subsequently executed), the queen was said to have acknowledged her guilt, March 1772; divorced, April 1772; left Denmark, May 1772. Her brother, George III of England, accepted the case against her. She retired to Oelle in Hanover, where she died suddenly, in the midst of Danish overtures for her recall.
Amelia Elizabeth Caroline: '''Amelia Elizabeth Caroline''' , of BrunswickWolfeubiittel (1768-1821), queen of George IV; second daughter of Duke Charles William Ferdinand of Brunswick- Wolf enblittel, and 01 Princess Augusta of England, George Ill's sister; a kind-hearted but eccentric girl; forced by George III as a bride on the Prince of Wales; embarked at Ouxhaven, March 1795; married at St. James's, 8 April 1795; lived at Carltoir House, persecuted by the prince's mistresses; birth of her child, Princess Charlotte Augusta, 7 Jan. 1796; deserted by her husband, April 1796; lived at Shooter's Hill; removed to Blackheath, 1801; painful accusations brought against her in consequence of her unguarded speeches, 1806; gained no increased dignity from her husband's becoming regent, 1811; denied access to her child, 1812-13; allowed to travel abroad, August 1813; took into her service, in Italy, 1814, Bartolomeo Bergami and his relatives, and travelled in the Levant; her conduct much talked of; wintered at Marseilles, 1819; started for England on hearing of George Ill's death; her name omitted from the state prayers; on the way rejected an offer of settlement, on condition of her living abroad and not claiming the title of queen; entered London, June 1820, amid popular rejoicings; a bill promoted in the lords for divorcing her, July, but abandoned, November 1820, from fear of a revolution; denied a palace; voted an allowance by parliament; forcibly excluded from the coronation at Westminster Abbey, 29 July 1821; died in London broken-hearted; buried at Brunswick beside her father.
Redmond Gabon: '''Redmond Gabon''' ([[1605]]"?-[[1666]]), controversialist; Franciscan friar at Athlone and Drogheda; studied at Sulzburg and Louvain; professor at Louvain; commissary -general of the recollects in Ireland; published controversial treatises, 1635-62.
Alex Ander Carpenter: '''Alex Ander Carpenter''' , latinised as FABRICIUS (.ft. 1429), called alsoAlexander Anglus author of Destructorium Vitiorum an invective against church abuses, printed frequently before 1516.
Alfred John Carpenter: '''Alfred John Carpenter''' ([[1825]]-[[1892]]), physician; apprenticed to his father, a surgeon, at Rothwell, 1839; entered St. Thomas's Hospital, 1847; M.R.O.S. and L.S.A. 1851; practised at Croydon; M.B. London, 1856; M.D., 1859; M.R.C.P. 1883; liberal M.P. for Reigate, 1885, and North Bristol, 1886; president of council ol British Medical Association, 1878-81; published Principles and Practice of School of Hygiene 1887, and other works.
George Carpenter: '''George Carpenter''' , BARON GARPKNTER ([[1657]]1732), general; page at the embassy at Paris, 1671; cavalry officer, 1672-1689; lieutenant-colonel, 1690; served in Ireland and Flanders; quartermaster-general to Peterborough in Spain, 1705; attached himself to the Hanoverian party; M.P., Whitchurch, 1714; suppressed the northern rebellion at Preston, 1715; commaiider-iu-chief in Scotland; created Baron Carpenter in the Irish peerage, 1719; M.P., Westminster, 1722-9.
James Carpenter: '''James Carpenter''' ([[1760]]-[[1845]]), admiral : served in navy, 1776-1812, chiefly in West Indies; lieutenant, 1782; rear-admiral, 1812; admiral, 1837.
John Carpenter: '''John Carpenter''' ([[1370]] 7-[[1441]] ?), benefactor of London; clerk in the town clerk's office; town clerk of London,. 1417-38; M.P., London, 1436, 1439; compiled Liber Albus an account of city privileges, fcc. (printed 1859); lett lands for education, out of which the City of London School was erected (1837).
John Carpenter: '''John Carpenter''' (d. [[1476]]), bishop of Worcester ; D.D. Oriel College, Oxford; master of St. Antony's Hospital, London, 1420; provost of Oriel, 1427-35; rector of St. Mary Magdalen, Old Fish Street, London, 1436; chancellor of Oxford University, 1437; bishop of Worcester, 1444-76; benefactor of the college at Westbury and of Oriel College.
John Carpenter: '''John Carpenter''' (d. [[1621]]), divine ; educated at Exeter College, Oxford, 1570-3; rector of Northleigh, Devonshire, 1587-1621; published devotional tracts, 15801606.
Lant Carpenter: '''Lant Carpenter''' ([[1780]]-[[1840]]), Unitarian; educated in dissenting seminaries; at Glasgow University, 1798-1801; taught school; librarian of Liverpool Athenaeum, 1802-5; Unitarian minister and master of a boarding-school in Exeter, 1805-17; LL.D. Glasgow, 1806; Unitarian minister, 1817-39, and master of a boardingschool, 1817-29, at Bristol; drowned off Leghorn; published sermons and controversial tract*.
Margaret Sarah Carpenter: '''Margaret Sarah Carpenter''' ([[1793]]-[[1872]]), portrait-painter; nit Geddes; settled in London, 1814; married, 1817, William Hookham Carpenter; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1818-66; pensioned, 1866.
Mary Carpenter: '''Mary Carpenter''' ([[1807]]-[[1877]]), philanthropist ; eldest child of Lant Carpenter; opened a girls school at Bristol, 1829; superintended a Sunday school, 1831-56; agitated for institutions to rescue juvenile criminals; founded at Bristol a ragged school, 1846, a reformatory, 1852, a girlsreformatory, 1854, and an industrial school, 1859; visited India to improve female education and prison management, 1866, 1868, 1869, 1875; visited Germany, 1872, and America, 1873; published verses, memoirs, and treatises on education and criminal reform, 1845-68.
Nathan Ael Carpenter: '''Nathan Ael Carpenter''' ([[1589]]-1 [[628]]?), author ; son of John Carpenter (d. 1621); educated at St. Edmund Hall, Oxford; fellow of Exeter College, by mandate from James I, 1607; B.A., 1610; D.D., 1626; schoolmaster of the king's wards in Dublin; wrote sermons and treatises on geography and philosophy, the hitter directed against Aristotelianism.
Philip Herbert Carpenter: '''Philip Herbert Carpenter''' ([[1852]]-[[1891]]), palaeontologist and zoologist; son of William Benjamin Carpenter; educated at University College School, London, and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1878; Sc.D., 1884; biological master at Eton, 1877; F.L.S., 1886; F.R.S., 1885. He published extensive writings on various groups of fossils.
Philip Pearsall Carpenter: '''Philip Pearsall Carpenter''' ([[1819]]-[[1877]]), conchologist; youngest child of Lant Carpenter; B.A. London, 1841; presbyterian minister at Stand, 1841, and Warrington, 1846-61; settled at Montreal, 18G5; bought, 1855, a mass of California!! shells; subsequently paid much attention to couchology.
Richard Carpenter: '''Richard Carpenter''' (.c. [[1680]]), alchemist.
Carpenter: '''Carpenter''' 208
Carrington: '''Carrington'''
Richard Carpenter: '''Richard Carpenter''' ([[1575]]-[[1627]]), divine ; B.A. Exeter roller, oxford, 1696: fellow, 1696-1606; D.D., li,17 rector of Sherwdl and Loxhore, Devonshire, 16UG 1627; published sermons.
Richard Carpenter: '''Richard Carpenter''' (d. [[1670]]?), ecclesiastic; educated at Kton and Kind's College, Cambridge, 1622: Convert to Roman Catholicism; travelled on tJMOOntlntMit; Ik'iiedietine monk at Douay: sent on the English mission; returned to Anglicanism; vicar of Poling, Sussex, 1636-42; Itinerant preacher; went back to Paris and.Romanism: came to Knu'land and joined the independents; preacher at Aylesbury; returned to Romanism: wrote a play, an autobiography, and various pamphlets.
Richard Cromwell Carpenter: '''Richard Cromwell Carpenter''' ([[1812]]-[[1865]]), architect; educated at Charterhouse; 1 exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1830-49; designed churches in Birmingham, Brighton, and London.
William Carpenter: '''William Carpenter''' ([[1797]]-[[1874]]), miscellaneous writer; apprentice to a London bookseller; journalist, 1831-54; an advocate of political and legal reform; wrote on biblical subjects, 1825-68, and published political pamphlets.

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William Benjamin Carpenter: '''William Benjamin Carpenter''' ([[1813]]-[[1885]]), naturalist; eldest son of Lant Carpenter; apprenticed to a physician; visited West Indies; studied medicine in London and (1835) in Edinburgh; lecturer at Bristol Medical School; published papers on physiology, 1837, and Principles of... Physiology 1839; professor of physiology in London, 1844; professor of forensic medicine, University College, London; registrar of the University of London, 1856-79; an unwearied investigator in the sciences of zoology, botany, and mental physiology, 1843-71; contributed much to scientific journals and cyclopaedias.
William Hookham Carpenter: '''William Hookham Carpenter''' ([[1792]]-[[1866]]), connoisseur in prints; a London bookseller and publisher; studied prints and drawings; married, 1817 see CARPKNTKR, MARGARET SARAH; keeper of prints in the British Museum, 1846-66; wrote memoir of Antony Vandyck and a catalogue of prints in the British Museum show-cases..
Carpentiere: '''Carpentiere''' or CHARPENTIERE, (d. 1737), statuary; employed by the Duke of Chandos at Canons; afterwards settled in London.
Carpentier Carpentebrs: '''Carpentier Carpentebrs''' , or CHARPEN-
Adrien Tiere: '''Adrien Tiere''' (fi. [[1760]]-[[1774]]), portrait-painter ; native of France or Switzerland; came to England, c. 1760; exhibited in London, 1760-74.
Joseph Oon Carpue: '''Joseph Oon Carpue''' 8TANTINE ([[1764]]-[[1846]]), surgeon and anatomist: of a catholic family of Spanish origin; educated at Douay; travelled on continent; studied surgery in London: surgeon to the Duke of York's Hospital, Chelsea; private lecturer on anatomy, 1800-32; advocate of vaccination; surgeon of the National Vaccine Institution.
John Care: '''John Care''' ([[1723]]-[[1807]]), architect ; called Carr of York; workman in York; designed many buildings in the northern counties.
John Carr: '''John Carr''' ([[1732]]-[[1807]]), translator of Lucian ; educated at St. Paul's School; head-master of Hertford grammar school; LL.D. Aberdeen; published his translation of Lucian, 1773-98; wrote verses and parodies
Sir John Carr: '''Sir John Carr''' ([[1772]]-[[1832]]), traveller; barrister of the Middle Temple: travelled, for health, over greater part of Europe; knighted, c. 1806; published accounts of his tours, 1803-11, and verses.
Johnson Carr: '''Johnson Carr''' ([[1744]]-[[1765]]), landscape-painter.
Nicholas Carr: '''Nicholas Carr''' ([[1524]]-[[1568]]), Greek scholar ; B.A. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1541; fellow; M.A., 1544; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1546; regius professor of Greek, 1547; consistently adhered to Roman Catholicism; M.D. Cambridge, 1568; practised medicine in Cambridge; published Latin versions of Eusebius and Demosthenes.
Carr: '''Carr''' R. (f. [[1668]]), engraver.
Richard Carr: '''Richard Carr''' ([[1651]]-[[1706]]), physician; M.A. Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1674; master of Saffron Walden grammar school, 1676-83; studied medicine at Leydon, 1683-6; M.D. Cambridge, 1686; practised medicine in London; published medical essays.
Carr: '''Carr''' or KER, ROBERT, EARL OF SOMEKSKT (. 1646); a cadi t of KIT uf IVrnirhiirsr, Roxburghshire; brought up in Scotland; accompanied James I to England as page, lt.o:l: in France for a time; returned to James I's court; knighted, 1607; given Sir Walter Ralegh's manor of Sherborne, 1609; created Viscount Rochester, 1011; private secretary to the king, 1612; obtained the imprisonment in the Tower of his friend Sir Thomas i tvi-rbury, who opposed his projected marriage with the Countess of Essex, April 1613: K.G., 23 April; a decree of nullity of her marriage with the Earl of Essex obtained by the countess, 25 Sept. 1613, soon after Overbury had been poisoned, 15 Sept. 1613; created Earl of Somerset, 3 Nov. 1613; lord treasurer of Scotland, 23 Dec.; married the divorced Countess of Essex, 26 Dec. 1613; attached himself to his wife's great-uncle, Henry Howard, earl of Northampton, and the Spanish party; acting lord privy seal, on Northampton's death, June 1614; lord chamberlain, July; dislodged from the place of first favourite of James I by George Villiers (afterwards Duke of Buckingham), November 1614; quarrelled with the king, on Buckingham's account, 1615; accused of poisoning Overbury, September 1615, his countess pleading guilty, May 1616, and receiving a pardon, July 1616; prosecuted by the attorney-general, Francis Bacon, and found guilty, May 1616; kept prisoner in the Tower till January 1622; afterwards pardoned; prosecuted in the Star-chamber, 1630.
Robert James Carr: '''Robert James Carr''' ([[1774]]-[[1841]]), bishop of Worcester; M.A. Worcester College, Oxford, 1806; D.D., 1820; vicar of Brighton, 1798; prottgt of the prince regent; dean of Hereford, 1820; bishop of Chichester, 1824; bishop of Worcester, 1831-41.
Roger Carr: '''Roger Carr''' (d. [[1612]]), divine; B.A. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1670; rector of Rayne, Essex, 15731612; published devotional tracts.
Thomas Carr: '''Thomas Carr''' , alias MILES PINKNEY ([[1599]]-[[1674]]).
William Holwell Carr: '''William Holwell Carr''' ([[1758]]-[[1830]]), art connoisseur; called Holwell till 1798, when he took the name Carr on account of his wife's estate; fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, 1778-93; B.D., 1790; travelled and collected pictures, 1781; vicar of Meuheniot, Cornwall, 1792; amateur exhibiter at the Royal Academy, 17971820; bequeathed pictures to the nation.
Thomas Carre: '''Thomas Carre''' ([[1599]]-[[1674]] ),really MILES PINKNEY, Roman catholic divine; born in Durham; educated at Douay: priest, 1625; procurator of Douay College till 1634; founder and confessor of an Augustinian nunnery at Paris; prottgt of Cardinal Richelieu; died at Paris; published English translations of devotional and controversial tracts.
Walter Riddell Carre: '''Walter Riddell Carre''' ([[1807]]-[[1874]]), topographer; took the name Carre, c. 1853, on succeeding to an estate in Roxburghshire; merchant in London; resided latterly in Roxburghshire; wrote papers on topics connected with the borders.
Earl of Carrick: '''Earl of Carrick''' ([[1253]]-[[1304]]). See BRUCE,
De Vii Robert: '''De Vii Robert''' .
John Donald Carrick: '''John Donald Carrick''' ([[1787]]-[[1837]]), author; shopman in London, 1807; china- warehouseman in Glasgow, 1811-25; journalist in Glasgow, 1828, in Perth, 1833, and in Kilmarnock, 1834-5; wrote Scottish songs and biographies.
Thomas Carrick: '''Thomas Carrick''' ( [[1802]]-[[1875]]), miniature painter ; chemist in Carlisle; a self-taught artist; became famous locally as a miniaturist; removed to Newcastle, 1836, and London, 1839; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1841-66.
Benjamin Carrier: '''Benjamin Carrier''' ([[1566]]-[[1614]]). See CARIER,

[edit] Section 237

Benjamin: '''Benjamin'''
Lord Carrington: '''Lord Carrington''' ([[1617]]-[[1679]]). See PRIMROSK,
Archibald Sir: '''Archibald Sir''' .
Carrington: '''Carrington''' first BARON ([[1752]]-[[1838]]). See SMITH, RoBKKT.
Carrington: '''Carrington''' 209
Carter: '''Carter'''
Carrington: '''Carrington''' Sm CODRINGTON EDMUND ([[1769]]1849), judge: educated at Winchester; barrister of the Middle Temple, 172; practised at Calcutta, 1793-9; drew up a code for Ceylon, 1800; knighted; chief-justice of (Vvlon, 1800-6; reside*! afterwards in Buckinghamshire and then in Jersey; M.P., St. Mawes, 1826-31; published legal pamphlets.
Frederick George Carrington: '''Frederick George Carrington''' ([[1816]]-[[1864]]), journalist; ?on of Noel Thomas Oarrington; on the stuff of various West of England newspapers; wrote for many magazines and encyclopaedia?.
Noel Thomas Carrinoton: '''Noel Thomas Carrinoton''' ([[1777]]-[[1830]]), Devonshire poet: son of a Plymouth grocer; served in the fleet; taught si-hool at Maidstone, 1804-9, and at Plymouth Kork, 1H09-30; wrote verses describing Devonshire scenery and traditions.
Richard Christopher Carrinoton: '''Richard Christopher Carrinoton''' ([[1826]]1 s7, r i, astronomer; son of a wealthy brewer; educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, 1844-8; devoted himself to astronomy: observer to Durham University, 1849-52; wit-i the total solar eclipse in Sweden, 1851; built private observatory at Reigate, Surrey, 1853; engaged in mapping ten and sun-spots; visited German observatories, 1856; managed the Brentford brewery, 1858-65; died suddenly.
John Tiplady Carrodus: '''John Tiplady Carrodus''' ([[1836]]-[[1895]]), violinist ; studied under Molique in London and in Stuttgart; joined orchestra of Royal Italian Opera, 1865, and became leader, 1869; professor of violin at National Training School for Music, 1876; professor at Guildhall School of Music and Trinity College, London; published musical compositions and other writings.
Anthony Carroll: '''Anthony Carroll''' ([[1722]]-[[1794]]), Jesuit ; born in Ireland; joined the Jesuits at St. Diner's, 1744; served on the English mission, 1754-73 and 1775-94; murdered in London.
Lewis Carroll: '''Lewis Carroll''' ([[1883]]-[[1898]]), pseudonym. See
Oharlks Lutwidge Dodgson: '''Oharlks Lutwidge Dodgson''' .
Andrew Carrttthers: '''Andrew Carrttthers''' ([[1770]]-[[1852]]), Roman catholic prelate; native of Kirkcudbrightshire; educated at Douay; returned to Scotland, e. 1790; priest, 1795; titular bishop of Ceramis, 1832, with jurisdiction over the east of Scotland.
Carrtjther: '''Carrtjther''' 8, JAMES ([[1759]]-[[1832]]), Roman catholic historian; native of Kirkcudbrightshire; educated at Douay: catholic priest at Scottish stations; published a Romanist History of Scotland 1826-31.
Robert Carrtjthers: '''Robert Carrtjthers''' ([[1799]]-[[1878]]), miscellaneous writer; bookseller's apprentice in Dumfries; national schoolmaster at Huntingdon; published a History of Huntingdon 1824; editor of theInverness Courier 1828-78; wrote verses, and papers on the history of the highlands; edited Pope's works (4 vols.), 1853; LL.D. Edinburgh, 1871.
Alexander Carse: '''Alexander Carse''' (ft. [[1812]]-[[1820]]), painter, called Old Oarse; came to London, 1812; returned to Edinburgh, 1820.
William Carse: '''William Carse''' (ft. [[1818]]-[[1845]]), painter ; probably son of Alexander Carse: art-student in London, 1818; exhibited at the Royal Academy, London, 1820-9, and at Edinburgh, 1830-45.
John Carsewell: '''John Carsewell''' (. [[1560]]-[[1572]]), bishop of the Isles; rector of Kilmartin, Argyllshire; superintendent of Argyll, 1560; censured by the assembly for accepting the see, 1569.
Aglionby Ross Carson: '''Aglionby Ross Carson''' ([[1780]]-[[1850]]), classical scholar; studied at Edinburgh University, 1797; headmaster of Dumfries grammar school, 1801; classical master, 1806, and rector (1820-45) of Edinburgh High School; LL.D. St. Andrews, 1826; edited Tacitus and Phaedrus.
Alexander Carson: '''Alexander Carson''' ([[1776]]-[[1844]]), baptist ; educated at Glasgow; minister at Tobermore, Derry, to a presbyterian congregation, 1798-1804, and to an independent chapel, 1814-44; joined the baptists, 1831; wrote works of controversial divinity.
James Carson: '''James Carson''' ([[1772]]-[[1843]]), physician : M.D. Edinburgh, 1799; practitioner in Liverpool; wrote medical pamphlets.
William Carstares: '''William Carstares''' ([[1649]]-[[1715]]), Scottish statesman and divine; nick-named the cardinal from his political influence under William III; son of the covenanting minister of Cathcart, Lanarkshire; at Edinburgh University, 1663-7; withdrew to Holland after his father's outlawry; studied at Utrecht, 1669-72; came to London, probably as an agent of William of Orange, 1672; political prisoner in Edinburgh Castle, 1674-9; resided in England; conducted intrigues in Scotland, Holland, and London, preparing for the Karl of Argyll's invasion, 1683; arrested, 1683; political prisoner at Edinburgh; his evidence, taken under torture, used to bring Baillie of Jerviswood to the block, 1684; released; minister of a Scottish congregation at Leyden, 1686; accompanied William of Orange to England as chaplain, 1688; chaplain to William III at court, and in his campaigns in Ireland and Flanders; William's chief adviser in Scottish affairs; principal of Edinburgh University, 1703-15; minister of Grey Friars Edinburgh; leader of the church of Scotland; a chief ? remoter of the union; moderator of the general assembly, 705, 1708, 1711, and 1715.
Car: '''Car''' 8WELL, Sin ROBERT ([[1793]]-[[1857]]), physician; studied medicine at Glasgow, Paris, and Lyons; M.D. Aberdeen, 1826; made drawings illustrative of pathology at Paris, 1826-31; professor of pathological anatomy, University College, London, 1831-40; published his Forms of Disease 1837; went to Brussels as physician to the king of Belgium, 1840; knighted; wrote on medical subjects.

[edit] Section 238

Samuel Carte: '''Samuel Carte''' ([[1653]]-[[1740]]), antiquary ; educated at Magdalen College School, Oxford; beneflced successively in Warwick, Leicester, Lincoln shires.
Thomas Carte: '''Thomas Carte''' ([[1686]]-[[1754]]), historian; son of Samuel Carte; admitted at University College, Oxford, 1698; B.A. Brasenose College, 1702; M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1706; ordained; reader at Bath Abbey, 1707-14; refused the oaths to George 1, 1 715; lived in retirement at Coleshill, Warwickshire; secretary to Bishop Atterbury: fled to France on Atterbury's imprisonment, 1722; went by the name of Phillip; collected materials to illustrate de Thou's Historia sui temporis; returned to England, 1728; published his Life of Ormonde 1736, and aCollection of... Papers 1744; energetic in enrolling subscribers to a projected History of England; published his history, vols. i.-iii. 1747-52 (vol. iv. posthumous, 1755). His manuscript collections are now in the Bodleian.
Edmund Carter: '''Edmund Carter''' (fl. [[1753]]), topographer ; schoolmaster; published, 1753, histories of Cambridgeshire and Cambridge University.
Elizabeth Carter: '''Elizabeth Carter''' ([[1717]]-[[1806]]), miscellaneous writer; daughter of a Kent clergyman; learned classical and modern languages; wrote for the Gentleman's Magazinefrom 1734: published poems, 1738 and 1762; translated from the French and Italian; published a translation of Epictetus, 1758; friend of Dr. Samuel Johnson; lived at Deal, Kent; travelled on the continent. Her correspondence was published posthumously.
Ellen Carter: '''Ellen Carter''' ([[1762]]-[[1816]]), artist : nte Vavasour: native of Yorkshire; educated in a convent at Rouen; married, 1787, the Rev. John Carter, vicar of St. Swithin's, Lincoln; book-illustrator.
Francis Carter: '''Francis Carter''' (rf. [[1783]]), traveller ; published, 1777, a narrative of his tour (1772) in Moorish Spain; collected Spanish books; left in manuscript a history of early Spanish literature.
George Carter: '''George Carter''' ([[1737]]-[[1794]]), painter ; mercer in London; travelled; exhibited privately, 1785.
Harry William Carter: '''Harry William Carter''' ([[1787]]-[[1863]]), physician; M.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1810; M.B., 1811; i travelled; M.D., 1819; practised at Canterbury, 1819-35; ! wrote on medical topics.
Henry Carter: '''Henry Carter''' , otherwise FRANK LESLIK ([[1821]] 1880), engraver, sou of an Ipswich glovemaker; apprenticed to a London draper; early showed talent for drawing and engraving; artist to the Illustrated London News; emigrated to New York, 1848, and took the name of Frank Leslie; worked for illustrated paper?: separated from his wife, 1860; commenced Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper 1865, theChimney Corner 1865, and other journals; issued an illustrated history of the American civil war, 1862.
Carter: '''Carter''' 210
Cartwright: '''Cartwright'''
James Carter: '''James Carter''' ([[1798]]-[[1855]]), of London : engraver of architectural and landscape plates for books.
John Carter: '''John Carter''' , theeldor([[1554]]-[[1635]]), puritan. livinr : educated at Glare Hall, Cambridge; vicar of Bramford, Suffolk, 1683; rector of Belstead, Suffolk, 1617-35; published expository tracts.
John Carter: '''John Carter''' , the younger (d. [[1655]]), divine ; son of John Garter the elder; M.A. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1603; curate of St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich, 1631, and vicar, 1638-52; rector of St. Lawrence, Norwich, c. 1654; published a memoir of his father.
John Carter: '''John Carter''' ([[1784]]-[[1817]]), draughtsman and architect; a surveyor's clerk, 1764; draughtsman to the Builder's Magazine 1774-86, and to the Society of Antiquaries, 1780; published many books of views of buildings in England, 1780-1814.
John Carter: '''John Carter''' ([[1815]]-[[1850]]), silkweaver ; paralysed by an accident, 1836; copied pictures by means of a pencil or brush held in the mouth.
Lawrence Carter: '''Lawrence Carter''' ([[1672]]-[[1745]]), judge : of Lincoln's Inn; recorder of Leicester, 1697-1729; M.P. for Leicester, 1698, 1701, and 1722, for Beeralston, 1710, 1714, and 1716; crown counsel against the rebels, 1715; knighted, 1724; puisne baron of the exchequer, 1726-45.
Matthew Carter: '''Matthew Carter''' (fl. [[1660]]), loyalist ; Kentish squire; joined the Kentish insurgents, 1648; prisoner at Colchester; published, 1650, a narrative of the rising; publishedHonor Redivivus a treatise on heraldry, 1655.
Oliver Carter: '''Oliver Carter''' ([[1540]]7-[[1605]]), divine: scholar of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1555; fellow, 1563; B.D., 1569; a preacher of Manchester Collegiate Church, after 1571, and fellow before 1576; fellow on the new foundation, 1578-1605; a bitter opponent of Dr. John Dee, warden in 1695; published, 1679, a controversial treatise against Richard Bristow.
Owen Browne Carter: '''Owen Browne Carter''' ([[1806]]-[[1859]]), architect ; practised as an architect at Winchester; published papers on Winchester Cathedral and Hampshire churches; published, 1840, views taken at Cairo, 1830; exhibited architectural drawings at the Royal Academy, 1847-9. of a logical
Peter Carter: '''Peter Carter''' ([[1530]] ?-[[1590]]), author treatise, 1563; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1566; M.A., 1557; master of Preston School, Lancashire.
Richard Carter: '''Richard Carter''' (d. [[1692]]), rear-admira?; served in the fleet, 1672-81; commander of a ship at Beachy Head, 1680; rear-admiral, 1691; killed in action at Barfleur.
Thomas Carter: '''Thomas Carter''' (d. [[1795]]), sculptor of tombstones and memorial tablets.
Thomas Carter: '''Thomas Carter''' ([[1735]] 7-[[1804]]), musical composer ; chorister of Christ Church, Dublin: organist of St. Wcrburgh's, Dublin, 1761-69; studied music in Italy; musical director of Calcutta Theatre; settled in London, e. 1775, and composed for the theatres; published glees and songs, including O Nanny, wilt thou gang wime ?
Thomas Carter: '''Thomas Carter''' (d. [[187]]), clerk at the Horse Guards, 1839; wrote regimental histories.

[edit] Section 239

William Carter: '''William Carter''' (d. [[1584]]), printer ; apprentice to John Cawood, 1563; secretary to Nicholas Harpsneld; secretly printed Roman catholic books against Queen Elizabeth, 1679-83; executed for treason.
Sir George Carteret: '''Sir George Carteret''' (it. [[1680]]), governor of : of an old Jersey family; lieutenant in the navy, 1632; captain, 1633: second in command against the Sallee pirates, 1637; controller of the navy, 1639: offered a coimnuiHl Ity parliament, 1642; from St. Malo, Brittany, sent supplies and arms to the royalist* in the west and in the Channel islands: sent by Charles I to Jersey, 1643; reduced the island; sent out privateers against English ships; gave a refuge to royalists, 1646; created baronet, 1646: granted estates in Jersey and America, 1649; surrendered to the Commonwealth forces, December 1651: vice-admiral in the French navy: imprisoned, August 1667; banished from France, December 1657; withdrew to Venice; treasurer of the navy, 1660-7; vice-chamberlain of the household, 1660-70; M.P., Portsmouth, 1661-9; a proprietor of Carolina, 1663; deputy-treasurer of Ireland, 1667-73; board of trade commissioner, 1668-72; naval commissioner, 1673-9.
John Carteret: '''John Carteret''' , EARL GRANVILLK ([[1690]]-[[1763]]), politician; succeeded his father as second Baron Carteret of Hawnes, 1695: educated at Westminster School; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1706; became a good classical scholar; took his seat in the House of Lords, 1711; a champion of the protestant succession; lordlieutenant of Devonshire, 1716-21; a parliamentary adherent of the Earl of Sunderland, 1717; envoy to Sweden, 1719; secured the opening of the Baltic to British commerce; negotiated peace between the Baltic powers, 1719-20; advocated punishment of South Sea Company's officials, 1721; secretary of state in Walpole's administration, 1721-4; became favourite of George I through speaking German and advocating interests of Hanover; accompanied George I to Hanover, 1723; intrigued to oust Walpole from office: factiously fostered sedition in Ireland; lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1724-30; friendly to Jonathan Swift; virulently opposed Walpole's administration, 17301742; secretary of state, 1742-4: accompanied George II. in the campaign of 1743; intensely unpopular through his partiality for Hanover to the prejudice of British interests; succeeded as Earl Granville, on his mother's death, 1744; J advised George II to exclude William Pitt from office, 1746; failed to form a ministry, February 1746; K.G., 1750: lord president of the council, 1751-63; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1756. His correspondence is in the British Museum.
Sir Philip Dk Carteret: '''Sir Philip Dk Carteret''' ([[1584]]-[[1643]]), knight; 1 lieutenant-governor of Jersey, 1626-43; seigneur of St. Ouen, Jersey; at Oxford University, 1594-1601: obtained from the privy council canons assimilating the Jersey churches to the Anglican church; showed kindness to William Prynne during his imprisonment, 1639-41; allowed by parliament to return to Jersey, 1642; declared for the king; besieged by the parliamentary forces.
Philip Carteret: '''Philip Carteret''' (d. [[1796]]), rear-admiral ; lieutenant of the Dolphin in John Byron's voyage, 1764-6; sailed round the world in the Swallow, 1767-9, making numerous discoveries in the Pacific; captain, 1771; served in the West Indies, 1777-81; retired as rearadmiral, 1794.
Saint Carthach: '''Saint Carthach''' , the elder (d. [[580]]?), of a royal house: visited Rome; disciple of St. Oiaran of Saighir, King's County; succeeded him at Saighir, c. 550; tutor of St. Carthach the younger; commemorated on March 5.
Saint Carthach: '''Saint Carthach''' , the younger (d. [[636]]), called also
Mochuda: '''Mochuda''' ; sou of the king ofQKerry's swineherd; forsook the court to join St. Carthach the elder; bishop in Kerry; founded the monastery of Rahen, King's County, e. 590: expelled from Rahen, c. 631; founded monastery at Lismore; commemorated on May 14.
George Alfred Carthew: '''George Alfred Carthew''' ([[1807]]-[[1882]]), Norfolk antiquary; mainly self-taught; practised as a solicitor at Framlingham, Suffolk, 1830-9, and East Dereham, Norfolk; wrote much on Norfolk antiquities; chief work, History of Launditch Hundred 1877-9.
Thomas Carthew: '''Thomas Carthew''' ([[1657]]-[[1704]]), serjeant-at-law ; barrister of the Middle Temple, 1686; serjeant-at-law, 1700; wrote law reports.
Sir George Etienne Cartier: '''Sir George Etienne Cartier''' ([[1814]]-[[1873]]), Canadian statesman: educated at Montreal; barrister of Lower Canada, 1835; member of the legislature, 1848: attorney-general, 1856; a leading member of the cabinet, 1857-8; premier, 1858-62: attorney-general, 1864; minister of militia, 1867-73; created baronet, 1868; died in London; wrote French-Canadian songs.
Christopher Cartwright: '''Christopher Cartwright''' ([[1602]]-[[1658]]), divine; entered Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1617; M.A., 1624: fellow, 1625: a minister in York; student of rabbinical literature; published sermons and works of controversial divinity.
Gartwbjg: '''Gartwbjg''' rHT 211
Gaby: '''Gaby'''
Edmund Cartwright: '''Edmund Cartwright''' ([[1743]]-[[1823]]), reputed inventor of the power-loom; entered University College, Oxford, 170; fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1764: M.A., 1766; married an heiress; incumbent of Brampton, Yorkshire: rector of Goadby Marwood, Leicestershire, 1779; viMtvd cotton-spinniii mills near Matlock, 1784, ami romvui-d the idea of a weaving-mill; patented a power-loom, 1785-7; removed to Doncaster, where he built a weaving-mill, 1787; prebendary of Lincoln, 1786; I:itnitil a wool-combing machine, 1789-92; bankrupt; sold his Uoiicaster factory, 1793; removed to London; ,tl an alcohol engine. 1797: agricultural experiiiiriit.T to tin- Dukes of Bedford at Woburn, Bedfordshire, 1800-7; D.D., 1806; rewarded by parliament, 1809; farnnl in Kent.
Frances Dorothy Cartwrioht: '''Frances Dorothy Cartwrioht''' ([[1780]]-[[1863]]), authoress; youngest child of Edmund Cartwright; published a biography of her uncle, John Cartwright (1740-1824),and devotional poems, and translations from the Spanish.
George Cartwrioht: '''George Cartwrioht''' (ft. [[1661]]), author of ' The Heroick Lover a tragedy, printed 1661.
John Cartwright: '''John Cartwright''' (ft. [[1763]]-[[1808]]), painter; studied in Rome; returned to England, 1779; exhibited, 1784-1808; a friend of Henry Fuseli.
John Cartwright: '''John Cartwright''' ([[1740]]-[[1824]]), political reformer: served in the navy, c. 1758-70, chiefly in Newfoundland; lieutenant, 1766; wrote against taxing the American colonies, 1775; major of militia, 1775-90; resided in Lincolnshire; removed to London, 1805; wrote in favour of strengthening the navy, reforming parliament, abolishing slavery, emancipating Greece, and crushing absolutism in Spain.
Joseph Cartwright: '''Joseph Cartwright''' ([[1789]] ?-[[1829]]), marine painter; appointed paymaster of the forces at Corfu, c. 1811; published Views in the Ionian Islands; exhibited in London.
Samuel Cartwright: '''Samuel Cartwright''' ([[1789]]-[[1864]]), dentist ; an ivory turner; attended medical classes in London; practised as dentist, 1811-67.
Thomas Cartwright: '''Thomas Cartwright''' ([[1535]]-[[1603]]), puritan; entered Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1547; scholar of St. John's, Cambridge, 1550; left Cambridge at Mary's accession, 1653; lawyer's clerk; returned to Cambridge, 1559; fellow of St. John's College, 1560; M.A., 1560; fellow of Trinity College, 1562; one of the disputants at Elizabeth's state visit, 1564; attacked the use of the surplice, 1565; accompanied Bishop Adam Loftus to Ireland as chaplain, 1565; returned to Cambridge, 1567; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1569; lectured and preached against the constitution of the church of England; deprived of his professorship, 1570, and of his fellowship at Trinity, 1571; retired to Geneva; returned to England, 1572; withdrew to the continent. 1573; tried to organise the Huguenots of the Channel Islands, 1576: employed by English puritan leaders to criticise the Rhemish version of the New Testament, 1582: pastor of the English congregation at Antwerp; declined divinity chair at St. Andrews, 1584; returned to England, 1585; master of the Earl of Leicester's hospital at Warwick, 1586; imprisoned as a puritan, 1590-2; accompanied Edward, baron Zouche, to Guernsey, 1595-8; published exegetical and controversial treatises.
Thomas Cartwright: '''Thomas Cartwright''' ([[1634]]-[[1689]]), bishop of Chester; tabarder of Queen's College, Oxford, e. 1650: M.A., 1655; chaplain; secretly ordained by Bishop Robert Skinner, c. 1655: vicar of Walthamstow, Essex, 1657: preacher at St. Mary Magdalen, Milk Street, London, 1659; prebendary of Wells, 1660; vicar of Barking, 1660-89: D.D., 1661; prebendary of St. Paul's and vicar of St. Thomas, London, 1665; chaplain in ordinary; dean of Ripon, 1675; a favourite of James, duke of Tork; rector of Wigan; bishop of Chester, 1686; a chief instrument in carrying out James II's unconstitutional acts; one of James II's ecclesiastical commissioners, 1687; chief visitor of Magdalen College, Oxford, to enforce submission to James II, 1687; withdrew to Prance, 1688; nominated bishop of Salisbury by King James, 1689, whom he followed to Ireland.
Sir Thomas Cartwright: '''Sir Thomas Cartwright''' ([[1795]]-[[1860]]), diplomatist; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1812; envoy to Sweden; knighted, 1834; died at Stockholm,
William Cartwright: '''William Cartwright''' ([[1611]]-[[1643]]), dramatist; educated at Wostminster School; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1628; M.A., 1635; a florid preacher: his lioyal Slave* acted before Charles I at Oxford, 1636; I junior proctor, April 1643; died of pestilence, November. His plays and poems were published, 1651.

[edit] Section 240

William Cartwright: '''William Cartwright''' (d. [[1687]]), actor ; acted at Whitefriars Theatre before the civil war; turned bookseller when the theatres were closed; joined the king's company of players, e. 1661, and the Duke of York's company, 1682; bequeathed books and portraits to Dulwich College.
Thomas Carus: '''Thomas Carus''' (d. [[1572]]?), judge; barrister of the Middle Temple; serjeant-at-law, 1569; justice of the queen's bench, 1565 till death.
Thomas Carve: '''Thomas Carve''' ([[1590]]-[[1672]] ?), traveller and historian; really OARUE,i.e. Carew; catholic priest in Leighlin diocese; army chaplain in the imperialist service in Germany, from before 1626 to 1643; visited Ireland, 1630 and 1633; vicar-choral of St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna, 1643; published abroad Itinerarium being an account of his services, 1639-46, a treatise on Irish history, 1651, and other works.
Nicholas Carvell: '''Nicholas Carvell''' (d. [[1566]]), poet ; educated at Eton; entered King's College, Cambridge, 1546; M.A., 1553; withdrew to Zurich, 1553-9: probably author of two poems in the Mirror for Magistrates
John Carver: '''John Carver''' ([[1575]] ?-[[1621]]), leader of the 'pilgrim fathers; an English puritan; withdrew to Holland, 1608; deacon in the English congregatioualist church in Leyden; sailed in the Mayflower, September 1620; chosen governor by the colonists at Massachusetts, December; made a treaty with the Indians, March 1621; died of sunstroke.
Jonathan Carver: '''Jonathan Carver''' ([[1732]]-[[1780]]), American explorer; born in Connecticut; son of the English governor; served in the colonial forces, 1757-63; travelled j along Lake Superior and in unexplored Minnesota, 1766-8; claimed to have received large grants of land from the i Indians; came to England, 1769; further journeys and j colonisation schemes prevented by the American rebel! lion; published account of his travels, 1778, and a tract on tobacco, 1779.
Robert Carver: '''Robert Carver''' (d. [[1791]]), landscape and scene painter; son and pupil of an Irish artist; exhibited in Dublin; scene painter to Drury Lane Theatre and afterwards to Covent Garden Theatre; exhibited landscapes in London, 1765-90.
Benjamin Carvosso: '''Benjamin Carvosso''' ([[1789]]-[[1854]]), Wesleyan minister; a Cornishman; Wesleyan minister, 1814; went to Tasmania, 1820; thence to New South Wales; started the Australian Magazine 1820; returned to Tasmania, 1825; returned to England, 1830, and served at different centres; published tracts.
Penelope Carwaedine: '''Penelope Carwaedine''' , afterwards MRS. BUT-
Ler: '''Ler''' ([[1730]]?-[[1800]]?), miniaturist; exhibited, [[1761]]-72; friend of Sir Joshua Reynolds.
Thomas Carwell: '''Thomas Carwell''' ([[1600]]-[[1664]]), Jesuit ; real name
Thorold: '''Thorold''' ; of Lincolnshire ; embraced Romanism, [[1622]] ; studied at St. Oiner's; joined the Jesuits at Rome, 1633; professor at Liege; sent on the English mission, 1647; served chiefly in London; wrote against Archbishop Laud, 1658.
Cart: '''Cart'''
Edward Oaky: '''Edward Oaky''' (d. [[1711]]). Roman catholic divine ; went abroad, 1646; priest, 1651; sent on the English mission; army chaplain to James II; Jacobite agent; published a tract.
Elizabeth Gary: '''Elizabeth Gary''' , VISCOUNTESS FALKLAND ([[1585]]1639), daughter of Sir Lawrence Tanfleld, the judge; married, c. 1600, Sir Henry Gary, afterwards first viscount Falkland; a linguist; secretly embraced Roman Catholicism, c. 1604: accompanied her husband to Ireland, 1622; separated from him on account of religion, 1626.
Francis Stephen Gary: '''Francis Stephen Gary''' ([[1808]]-[[1880]]), artist; a younger son of Henry Francis Gary; studied art in London. Paris (1829), Italy, and Munich; travelled, 1833-5; exhibited in London from 1836: art teacher in Bloomsbury, 1842-74.
Gary: '''Gary''' 212
Case: '''Case'''
Pir Henry Cary: '''Pir Henry Cary''' , first VisrfT FAT,KLNI (rf. 1633), lord-deputy of Ireland; con of a Hertfordshire knipht; said to have studied at Oxford; served abroad; gentleman of the bedchamber to James I; K.B., 1608; controller of the household, 1617-21; created Viscount Falkland in the Scottish peerage, 1620; lord-deputy of Ireland, 1622; failed in that office; recalled, 1629.
Henry Francis Cart: '''Henry Francis Cart''' ([[1772]]-[[1844]]), translator ; of Irish extraction; born at Gibraltar; educated at Birmingham; wrote verses, from 1787, chiefly for the Gentleman's Magazine; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1790: M.A., 1796; vicar of Abbot's Bromley, Staffordshire, 1796, and of Kingfcbury, Warwickshire, 1800; published his translation of Dante's Inferno 1805, and of thePurgatorio and Paradiso 1812; became a non-resident parson, 1807; resided in London, taking clerical work and writing for the magazines; translated the Birds of Aristophanes, 1824; an official of the British Museum Library, 1826-37; translated Pindar, 1832; travelled, 1833-5; pensioned, 1841.
John Oaky: '''John Oaky''' (rf. [[1395]]?), judge; warden of the Devonshire ports, 1373; refused to be serjeant-at-law, 1383: chief baron of the exchequer, 1386; impeached and banished to Waterford for favouring Richard II, 1388.
John Caky: '''John Caky''' (. [[1720]]?), merchant and writer on trade; son of a vicar of Bristol: West India sugar merchant; compliant to James II, 1687; published, 1695, An Essay on... England in relation to its Trade; advocated workhouses for paupers; consulted by the government on Irish manufactures, 1704; published pamphlets on trade and the currency.
Lucius Gaby: '''Lucius Gaby''' , second VISCOUNT FALKLAND ([[1610]] ?1643), son of Sir Henry Gary, afterwards first viscount Falkland, and Elizabeth Gary; accompanied his parents to Dublin, 1622; studied at Trinity College, Dublin; deprived of command of a company by his father's opponents, 1629; imprisoned in the Fleet to prevent his fighting a duel, January 1630; succeeded to the Burford estate, e. 1630; vainly sought service in Holland; lived in retirement at Great Tew, Oxfordshire; succeeded to the viscounty and his father's encumbered estates, 1633; supposed to have sold his life interest in the Burford estate, 1634; resided with his mother, a Roman catholic, 1633-4; retired to Great Tew, 1634: served as volunteer against the Scots, 1639; M.P. for Newport in the Isle of Wight in the Short parliament, April 1640, and in the Long parliament, November 1640; spoke against Laud's ecclesiastical tyranny, February 1641; spoke in favour of Stratford's attainder, April 1641; opposed abolition of episcopacy, May 1641; accepted secretaryship of state, January 1642; accompanied Charles I to York; sent to negotiate with the parliament, September 1642; present at the siege of Gloucester, August 1643; despairing of peace threw away his life at Newbury fight, September 1643. Some of his verses and philosophical tractates were published posthumously.
Patrick Caky: '''Patrick Caky''' (fl. 1 [[651]] poet: a younger son of Sir Henry Gary, first viscount Falkland; brought up as a Roman catholic in France and Italy; a protege of Pope Urban VIII; an abbe in Italy, before 1644; Benedictine monk at Douay, e. 1650; came to England; wrote verses at Waruford, Hampshire, 1651 (first printed, 1771).
Robert Caky: '''Robert Caky''' ([[1615]]?-[[1688]]), chronologer; of the Carys of Cockiugton, Devonshire; entered Exeter College, Oxford, 1631; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1634; M.A., 1639; D.C.L., 1644; rector of Portsmouth, Devonshire, 1666-88; archdeacon of Exeter, 1662-4; published Palieologia Chronica 1677.

[edit] Section 241

Valentine Caky: '''Valentine Caky''' (*. [[1626]]), bishop of Exeter ; entered St. John's College, Cambridge; migrated to Christ's College, 1585; B.A., 1589; fellow of St. John's, 1591; fellow of Christ's, 1595; again fellow of St. John's, 1599; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1601; vicar of East Tilbury, 1603; rector of Great Parndon, 1606; vicar of Epping, 1607; prebendary of Lincoln, 1607-21; master of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1609-20: ejected the puritan fellows; rector of Orsett, Essex, and of Toft, Cambridgeshire, 1610; dean of St. Paul's, 1614-21; attended James I to Scotland, 1617; bishop of Exeter, 1621-6; chancellor of Exeter, 1622-4; vicar of Exmlnster, 1624.
William Caky: '''William Caky''' ([[1769]]-[[1825]]), philosophical instrument maker in London, 1790-1825.
Joseph Cakyl: '''Joseph Cakyl''' ([[1602]]-[[1673]]), independent divine; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1627; preacher at Lincoln's Inn, 1632-47; a frequent preacher before the Long parliament; member of the Westminster Assembly, 1643; minister of St. Magnus, London, 1646-62; chaplain to Oliver Cromwell in Scotland; pastor of a London nonconformist congregation, 1662-73; published sermons and a commentary on Job, 1651-66.
John Cakyll: '''John Cakyll''' , titular BAHON OARYLL ([[1625]]-[[1711]]X diplomatist; of a Roman catholic family in Sussex; wrote a tragedy, 1666, and a comedy, 1671; translated parts of Ovid and Virgil, 1680-3; envoy to Rome, It; 85; secretary to Queen Mary of Modena, 1686; withdrew to France, 1689; secretary of state to the exiled dynasty; his estate forfeited, 1696; published a version of the Psalms, 1700: created by James Edward, the Old Pretender, Baron Oaryll, 1701; died at Paris.
John Cakyll: '''John Cakyll''' ([[1666]] ?-[[1736]]), friend of Pope, with whom he corresponded, 1710-35; Roman catholic squire in Sussex.
Earls of Cakysfort: '''Earls of Cakysfort''' . See PROBT, JOHN
Joshua: '''Joshua''' first EARL, [[1751]]-[[1828]]; PROBY, GRANVII.LK
Leveson: '''Leveson''' third EARL, [[1781]]-[[1868]].
Cakysfokt: '''Cakysfokt''' first BARON ([[1720]]-[[1772]]). See PROBT,
John: '''John'''
Andrea Casali: '''Andrea Casali''' ([[1720]] ?-[[1783]] ?), painter ; born at 1 Oivita Vecchia, Tuscany; studied painting at Rome; ! came to England, 1748; styled cavaliere after 1761; returned to Rome, 1769; exhibited at London till 1783.
Francis Casanova: '''Francis Casanova''' ([[1727]]-[[1805]]), battle painter ; born in London, 1727, his parents being there on an acting tour: studied art at Venice, Paris (1751), and Dresden (1752-6); returned to Paris, 1757; exhibited in London, 1767; died at Vienna.
Isaac Casaubon: '''Isaac Casaubon''' ([[1559]]-[[1614]]), classical scholar ; born at Geneva; son of Huguenot refugees; brought up at Crest in Dauphine; learned Greek at Geneva from I Francis Portus, a Cretan; succeeded Portus as professor of Greek, 1581; published notes on Diogenes Laertius, 1583; his second wife a daughter of the great printer, Henri Estienne; published commentaries on several Greek authors, 1587-95; met Sir Henry Wotton, 1593; corresponded with Joseph Scaliger; professor at Montpellier, 1596; began his diary Ephemerides published 1850), 1597; published his Atheuteus at Lyons, 1600; removed to Paris, 1600; pensioned by Henry IV; keeper of the royal library, 1604; Importuned to embrace Romanism; published Persius, 1605, and Polybius, 1609 (completed 1617); invited to England, July 1610; came to England, October 1610; prebendary of Canterbury, 1611; attached to the court and pensioned by James I: employed to confute Baronlus Exercitationes xvi ad Baronii Annales published 1614); buried in Westminster Abbey.
Merio Casattbon: '''Merio Casattbon''' ([[1599]]-[[1671]]), classical scholar; a younger son of Isaac Casanbon: born at Geneva; brought up at Sedan; brought to England, 1611; at I Eton; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1614-27; published vindications of his father against Roman catholic detractors, 1621 and 1624: M.A., 1622; rector of Bleadon, 1 Somerset, 1626; B.D., 1628; prebendary of Canterbury, 1628; vicar of Minster and Monckton, Thanet, 1634; D.D., 1636; ejected by parliament from his benefices, 1644; invited by Oliver Cromwell to write a history of the civil war; invited to Sweden by Queen Christina; married a rich wife, 1651; recovered his benefices, 1660: rector of Ickham, Kent, 1662; published classical commentaries, including Marcus Aurelins, 1643, and Epictetus, 1659, translations and theological treatises, 1631-70.
John Case: '''John Case''' (f. [[1600]]), Aristotelian commentator ; chorister at Oxford; scholar of St. John's College, Oxford, 1564; fellow; M.A., 1572: M.D., 1589; canon of Salisbury, I 1589; practised medicine in Oxford; published philosophical text-books, 1584-99; wrote also Apologia Musices 1588.
John Case (astrologer): '''John Case''' (Jt. [[1680]]-[[1700]]), astrologer ; resided in Lambeth, 1682; friend of John Partridge the astrologer;
Case: '''Case''' 213
Cat: '''Cat''' published two anatomical treatises, 1695, two astrological , 169fi-7, and a medical tract, 1698; styled.M.I).; practised medicine aud astrology in London,
Thomas Case: '''Thomas Case''' ([[1698]]-[[1682]]), presbyterian divine ; educated at Canterbury and Merchaut TaylorsSchool; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1616; M.A., 123; curate at North Ilepps, Norfolk; incumbent of Krpingliain, Norfolk; preacher at Manchester and Salford, 1635; pm-ecuU-d for contempt of church ceremonies iu both li(xv-rH (Norwich aud Chester); married into an Influential family, 1637; lecturer in several London chun-ln's 1641-2; member of the Westminster assembly, 1643; intruded rector of Stockport, Cheshire, 1645-6; i-jeeted by parliament from the rectory of St. Mary Magdalen, Milk Street, 1649; imprisoned as privy to the prf-ti U'rian plot to recall Charles II, 1651; rector of St. (iif--ui-the-Fields, London, 1652?; deputed by presbvterians to congratulate Charles II at the Hague, 166U; chaplain to Charles II; member of the Savoy conference, 1661; ejected for nonconformity, 1662; published sermons.
John Casey: '''John Casey''' ([[1820]]-[[1891]]), mathematician ; engaged as national school teacher; scholar. Trinity College, Dublin, 1861; B.A., 1862; honorary LL.D., 1869: mathematical master in Kingston school, 1862-73; member of Royal Irish Academy, 1866, and councillor, 1880; professor of higher mathematics and mathematical physics. Catholic university, 1873-81; F.R.S., 1876; fellow of Royal University, 1881; honorary LL.D., 1885; lecturer in mathematics, University College, Stephen's Green, 18811891; published mathematical treatises.
William Caslon: '''William Caslon''' , the elder ([[1692]]-[[1766]]), typefounder; born in Worcestershire; engraver on metal; eet up shop in London, 1716; began type-founding, 1716, his type becoming famous.
William Caslon: '''William Caslon''' , the younger ([[1720]]-[[1778]]), typefounder; eldest sou of William Caslon the elder; partner in his father's business, 1742; carried it on successfully after his father's death. GA88, SIR JOHN (1666-1718), merchant and benefactor of city of London; alderman of Portsoken ward, London, 1710; M.P. for city, 1710 and 1713; sheriff, 1711; knighted, 1712; founded by legacy a school at Hackney. CA88AN, STEPHEN HYDE (1789-1841), ecclesiastical biographer; born at Calcutta; B.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1815; curate in Somerset and Wiltshire; vicar of Bruton, Somerset, 1831: published sermons and trite lives of the bishops of Salisbury, 1824, of Winchester, and (1830) of Bath and Wells.
Cassel: '''Cassel''' or CASSELS, RICHARD (rf. [[1751]]). See
Richard Castlk: '''Richard Castlk''' .
John Cassell: '''John Cassell''' ([[1817]]-[[1865]]), publisher ; son of a Manchester publican; bred a carpenter; self-taught; a teetotal lecturer; removed to London, 1836; opened a grocer's shop before 1847; commenced publishing magazines and books for popular instruction, 1850.

[edit] Section 242

James Cassie: '''James Cassie''' ([[1819]]-[[1879]]), painter ; exhibited in Edinburgh and London.
Eahls of Cassillis: '''Eahls of Cassillis''' . See KKXNKDY, GILBERT, second EARL, d. 1527; KENNEDY, GILBERT, third EARL, 1517 ?-1558; KENNEDY, GILBERT, fourth EARL, 1541 ?1576; KENNEDY, JOHN, fifth EARL, 1567 ? - 1615; KKXNKDY, JOHN, sixth EARL, 1595 ?-1668; KENNEDY, JOHN, seventh EARL, 1646 ?-1701.
Cassivellaunus: '''Cassivellaunus''' (ft. 54 B.C.), in Welsh, CASWAL-
Lawn: '''Lawn''' British prince : chief of the Catuvellauni (Hertford,.Buckingham, and Berk shires); opposed Julius Caesar in his second campaign in Britain; defeated at a ford over the Thames; his store-town shown to Caesar by revolted subject tribes; submitted to Csesar, and gave hostages.
Casteel: '''Casteel''' 8, PETER ([[1684]]-[[1749]]), painter and engraver of still-life; born at Antwerp; came to England, 1703; designer of calico patterns at Tooting, 1735, and Richmond. CA8TELL, EDMUND (1606-1685), Semitic scholar; entered Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1621; M.A., 1628; B.D., 1G35; began hisLexicon Ueptaglwtton 1651 (pub lished 1669); helped Brian Walton in the Biblia Polyglotta (published 1657); published verses congratulating Charles II on the Restoration, 1660; D.D., 1661: chaplain to Charles II, 1666; prebendary of Canterbury, 1667; professor of Arabic at Cambridge; successively incumbent of Hatneld Peverel and Woodham Walter, Essex, and Higham-Gobion, Bedfordshire; bequeathed oriental manuscripts to Cambridge University. CA8TELL, WILLIAM (d. 1646), author of two pamphlete on America, 1641-4; rector of Courteeuhall, Northamptonshire, 1627.
Adrian Uk Castello: '''Adrian Uk Castello''' ([[1460]] ?-[[1521]]?). See
De Castello Adrian: '''De Castello Adrian''' .
John Castillo: '''John Castillo''' ([[1792]]-[[1845]]), or CASTELLO, author of poems in the Cleveland dialect; born of Roman catholic parents near Dublin; brought up near Whitby, Yorkshire; stonemason in Cleveland; joined the Wesleyaus, 1818; a local preacher.
Thomas: '''Thomas''' (d. [[1793]] ?), soldier ; a Manxman; serjeant in the 4th foot; deserted; served in the French forces in America; said to have been colonel of foot in France, c. 1789; wrongly identified with General Adam Philip de Custiue (guillotined 1793).
Edmund Castle: '''Edmund Castle''' ([[1698]]-[[1750]]), ecclesiastic; educated at Canterbury; scholar of Corpus Christi College Cambridge, 1716; B.A., 1719; fellow, 1722; public orator at Cambridge, 1726-9; vicar of Elm and Emneth, Isle of Ely, 1729; rector of Barley, Hertfordshire: head-master of St. Paul's School, 1744; master of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1744; prebendary of Lincoln, 1747; dean of Hereford, 1748.
George Castle: '''George Castle''' ([[1635]] ?-[[1673]]), physician ; educated at Thame school; B.A. Balliol College, Oxford, 1654; fellow of All Souls 1655; M.D., 1665; practised in Westminster; physician to the Charterhouse; published a medical tract.
Oassel Castle: '''Oassel Castle''' , or CASSELS, RICHARD (rf. 1751), architect; born in Germany of German parents; went to Ireland before 1720; designed many buildings in Dublin and the provinces; published one pamphlet, 1736.
Thomas Castle: '''Thomas Castle''' ([[1804]]?- [[1840]]?), physician; apprenticed to a surgeon at Hythe; studied at Guy's Hospital, 1826; resident in Brighton; styled himself M.D. in 1838; published medical and botanical text-books, 18261837.
Castlehaven: '''Castlehaven''' third EARL OF ([[1617]] ?-[[1684]]). See
James Touchet: '''James Touchet''' .
Countess of Gastlemaine: '''Countess of Gastlemaine''' ([[1641]]-[[1709]]). See ViLLDiRg, BARBARA, DUCHESS OF CLEVELAND.
Earl of Castlemaine: '''Earl of Castlemaine''' (d. [[1705]]). See PALMER,
Roger: '''Roger'''
Viscount Castlereaoh: '''Viscount Castlereaoh''' ([[1739]]-[[1821]]). See
Robert Stewart: '''Robert Stewart''' .
Earl of Castleton: '''Earl of Castleton''' (d. 1 [[723]]). See SAUNDERSO.V,
James: '''James'''
Alfonso Castro: '''Alfonso Castro''' Y ([[1495]]-[[1558]]), theologian: a Spaniard; Franciscan friar; chaplain to the Spanish merchants at Bruges, 1532; published his famous Adversus Haereses 1534; preacher at Salamanca; chaplain to Charles V; published sermons, 1537-40, De fusta hsereticorum puuitione 1547, andDe potestate legia pojnalis 1550; sent with Philip of Spain to England as his adviser, 1554; declared the burnings of English heretics to be carried out too hastily, February 1566; had a discussion in prison with John Bradford (1510 ?-1555) ; at Antwerp, 1556; named archbishop of Compostella, 1557; died at Brussels.
Edward Caswall: '''Edward Caswall''' ([[1814]]-[[1878]]), hymn-writer; M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1838; incumbent of Stratford-sub-Castle, Wiltshire; embraced Roman Catholicism, 1847; a father of the Birmingham Oratory, 1860; published Oxford jeux tfesprit, 1836-7, sermons, 1846, hymns and verses, 1849-65.
Christopher Cat: '''Christopher Cat''' (ft. [[1703]]-[[1733]]), keeper of the Oat and Fiddle in London and afterwards of the Fountain tavern, in which the Kit-Cat Olub met, 1703-20.

[edit] Section 243

Catcher: '''Catcher''' 214
Catherine: '''Catherine'''
Catcher: '''Catcher''' or BURTON, EDWARD ([[1584]]?-[[1624]] ?), Jesuit: of Oriel College, Oxford, 1597; B.A. Halliol CollK'f. 1603; embraced Roman Catholicism at Rome, 1606; joined the Jesuits at Louvain, c. 1609; procurator of the Jesuits at Liege, 1621-3; scut oil the English mission; translated theological tracts.
Margaret Catchpole: '''Margaret Catchpole''' ([[1773]]-[[1841]]), adventuress: daughter of a Suffolk labourer; domestic servant in Ipswich; stole her master* horse to join a seaman in London, 1797; escaped from Ipswich gaol, 1800; transported to Australia, 1801; married a settler; resided in Sydney, 1828-4L
Alexander Catcott: '''Alexander Catcott''' ([[1725]]-[[1779]]), divine; eldest son of Alexander Stopford Oatcott; entered Winchester School, 1739; B.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1748; curate in Bristol; vicar of Temple Church, Bristol; wrote in defence of the traditional interpretation of the Mosaic deluge, 1756-68.
Alexander Stoppord Oatcott: '''Alexander Stoppord Oatcott''' ([[1692]]-[[1749]]), divine and poet: entered Merchant TaylorsSchool, 1699; scholar of St. John's College, Oxford, 1709; fellow, 17121722; B.C.L., 1718; head-master of Bristol grammar school, 1722-44; preacher in Bristol; rector of St. Stephen's, Bristol. 1744; published poems, 1715-17, expositions of the views of John Hutchinson, 1738, and sermons.
Cate: '''Cate''' 8, WILLIAM LEIST READWIN ([[1821]]-[[1895]]), compiler; passed in law at London University; articled as solicitor at Thateham, 1844; engaged in private tuition; assisted Bernard Bolingbroke Woodward in Encyclopaedia of Chronology 1860-72; editedDictionary of General Biography 1867, and published other compilations.
Sib John Oatesby: '''Sib John Oatesby''' (d. [[1486]]), judge ; of Whiston, Northamptonshire: of the Inner Temple, 1458; serjeantat-law, 1463; justice of common pleas, 1481; knighted, 1483.
Mark Catesby: '''Mark Catesby''' ([[1679]] ?-[[1749]]), naturalist ; studied natural science in London; collected plants in North America, 1710-19, and again, 1722-6; resided in London; published a Natural History of Carolina 1731-43, and descriptions of some American fauna and flora.
Robert Catesby: '''Robert Catesby''' ([[1573]]-[[1605]]), conspirator ; son and heir of Sir William Catesby of Lapworth, Warwickshire, a rich Roman catholic squire, often harassed for recusancy; possibly educated at Douay; of Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 1586; inherited Ohastletou, Oxfordshire, 1593; took a leading part in the Earl of Essex's rising, 1601; heavily fined; sold Ohastleton and retired to his mother's house at Ash by St. Legers, Northamptonshire; imprisoned as a malcontent, 1603; released; joined Thomas Winter and Guy Fawkes in the Gunpowder plot, summer of 1604; fled from Westminster to Ashby St. Legers on Guy Fawkes's arrest, 5 Nov. 1605; killed at Hoibeach, Staffordshire, 8 Nov., resisting arrest,
William Catesby: '''William Catesby''' (d. [[1485]]), squire of the body to Richard III, named in the popular satire The cat, the rat, and Lovel &c.); a lawyer; favourite of Richard, while Duke of Gloucester; contrived the fall of his patron, William, lord Hastings, 1483; chancellor of the exchequer, 1483; knight of the shire for Northamptonshire and speaker of the House of Commons, 1484; taken prisoner at Bos worth; beheaded.
Catharine: '''Catharine'''
Charles Gathoakt: '''Charles Gathoakt''' , ninth BAROX CATHCART (1721-1776), soldier; entered the army when very young; succeeded to barony, 1740; lieutenant-colonel, 1742; prottgt of the Duke of Cumberland, under whom he served In Flanders, Scotland, and Holland; wounded at Fontenoy, 1745; hostage in Paris, 1748; lieutenantgeneral, 1760; envoy to Russia, 1768-71; commander of the forces in Scotland.
Charles Murray Cathcart: '''Charles Murray Cathcart''' , second EARL
Cathcart: '''Cathcart''' ([[1782]]-[[1859]]), general; son of William Schaw Oathcart, first earl; cornet, 1800; served in Italy and Sicily, 1805-6; major, 1807; styled Lord Greenock, from November 1807; nerved at Walcheren, 1809; lieutenant-colonel, 1810; served in the Peninsula, 1810-12; quartermaster-general, 1814-23; nerved at Waterloo; took an Interest in geology; governor of Edinburgh Castle, 1837-42; discovered the mineralGreenockite 1841; succeeded to earldom, 1813; commauder-in-ehief in , British North America, 1846-9; general, 1854.
David Cathcart: '''David Cathcart''' , LORD ALLOW AY (. ISLJ, Scottish judge; advocate, 1785; lord of session, styled Lord 1 Alloway, 1813 till death.
Sir George Cathcart: '''Sir George Cathcart''' ([[1794]]-[[1854]]), general; younger son of William Schaw Oathcart, first earl Cathi cart; cornet, 1810; lieutenant, 1811; aide-decamp to his father with the Russian army, 1813-14; I aide-de-camp to Wellington at Waterloo and in France, I 1816-18; lieutenant-colonel, 1826; deputy-lieutenant of the Tower, 1846-51; published a book on the 1812-13 campaign, 1815; major-general, 1851; commander-in! chief in South Africa, 1862-4; crushed the Kaffirs and , Basutos; K.O.B., 1853; commanded the fourth division j in the Crimea; vainly urged an immediate attack on Sebastopol, September 1854; killed at Inkermaun, 5 Nov.
Sir William Sohaw Cathcart: '''Sir William Sohaw Cathcart''' , tenth BARON i OATHCABT in the Scottish peerage, and first Vieroirxr ; and EARL CATHCART (1755-1843), general; eldest sou of 1 Charles Oathcart, ninth baron; at Eton, 1766-71; at St. Petersburg, with his father, 1771; studied law at ! Dresden and Glasgow; advocate, 1776; succeeded to j barony, 1776; captain of dragoons, 1777; served in ! America, 1777-80, commanding the British legion of i colonials, 1778-80, and the 38th foot, 1780; re'turued to I England, 1780; lieutenant-colonel, 1781; representative : peer of Scotland, 1788; brigadier-general in the Quiberon ; expedition, 175)3; major-general, 1794; served in Hanover, 1794-5; lieutenant-general, 1801; commauder-inchief in Ireland, 1803-5; served ingloriously in Hanover, 1806; bombarded Copenhagen, 1807; created Viscount Oathcart, 1807; commander-iii-chief in Scotland; general, 1812; ambassador and military commissioner with the Russian army, 1813-14; created Earl Oathcart, 1814; ambassador at St. Petersburg, 1814-21; retired from politics, 1831.
of Catherine: '''of Catherine''' V ALOIS ([[1401]]-[[1437]]), queen of i Henry V; youngest daughter of Charles VI, the insane king of France; born at Paris; neglected by her mother, Isabel of Bavaria; brought up at a convent at Poissy; I asked in marriage for Henry, prince of Wales, 1413; demanded in marriage by Henry, now Henry V, who also asked an immense dowry in money and territory, 1414, war with France ensuing on the rejection of his terms; met Henry V, 1419; married him atTroyes, 2 June 1420; came to England, February 1421; crowned at Westmiuster, 1421: made a progress in the north; birth of her son (Henry VI), 2 Dec. 1421; accompanied Henry V to France, May 1422; returned with his corpse to England, October 1422; granted Bayuard's Castle, Surrey, for a residence, 1424; reported to be intriguing with, or secretly married to Owen Tudor, c. 1425; marriage with her forbidden by parliament except with consent of the privy council, 1428; by Owen Tudor had Edmund (created. 1452, Earl of Richmond, father of Henry VII), and other issue; withdrew to Bermoudsey Abbey, 1436; buried in Westminster Abbey, with inscription by Henry VI describing her as widow, of Henry V; new inscription afterwards put there by Henry VII, acknowledging her marriage to Tudor.
of Arraqon Catherine: '''of Arraqon Catherine''' ([[1485]]-[[1536]]), first queen of Henry VIII; youngest child of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain; sought in marriage when two years old by Henry VII for Arthur, prince of Wales (he being one year old), 1487; became an excellent Latin scholar; treaty of marriage concluded, 1500; sailed from Corufia, 1501; reached Plymouth 2 Oct. 1501; married to Prince Arthur at St. Paul's, London, 14 Nov., she being almost sixteen, he just fifteen years of age; deprived of Prince Arthur by death, 1602; proposal made for her marriage with Prince Henry; suggestion made for her marriage with Henry VII (a widower, February 1503); treaty of marriage to Prince Henry signed, 23 June 1503; papal dispensation and brief of Pope Julius II for the marriage granted, 1504; left in poverty and distress through the heartless intrigues of Henry VII, wlio desired a better match for the prince, 1505-9; married to the prince, now Henry VIII, 11 June 1609 (she well over 23, he just 18); crowned, 24 June; gave birth to and lost four children, 1510-14; regent during Henry VIII's French campaign,
Catherine: '''Catherine''' 215
Catbik: '''Catbik''' 1513; birth of Princess Mary, 1516: Henry VIII vexed by her father's duplicity, she vexed by Henrys inhdditirs Heurv l.-it.r., v, bastard by Elizabeth lUount, widow of Sir (iilbn-t Tailbois, born 1519, created Duke of RichII10I1 d, l.VJ.-,, died 1536), 1518; visited by her nephew Charl.- V M:iv 1520; accompanied Henry VIII to France, l.vj.i; Second visit of Charles V, 1522; harassed by ii.triiru.-s of King Henry to annul Iris marriage, 1526; Stormed by him that cohabitation must cease till the validity of their marriage IHJ determined, 22 June 1526; ipL'atiiu- powers to try the cause given to Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggio, who arrival in October 1528; persecuted with the intention of making her retire to a nunnery appeared before the tontine court, 1529; apirmlin'oiLn court to Henry VIII's justice, and to the nope 1629; her cae revokeil to Rome; attended the kin -; s progress to Woodstock as queen, September 1629; leit at Richmond while the king and Anne Boleyn were in London, February 1 530; English and foreign universities consulted by Henry VIII for warrant to dissolve his marriage ill with fever, 1530; urged by the peers to allow her case to be tried by English judges, May and October 1531; finally abandoned by Henry VIII (who took Anne Boleyn with him), July 1531; separated from her daughter, Princess Mary; removed to Moor, Hertfordshire, 1531, and to Bishop's Hatfield, 1532; much I sympathy felt for her by the people, Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn being secretly married, 25 Jan., and the marriage acknowledged, 13 April 1533; ordered to be styledthe princess dowager her marriage declared null by Archbishop Oranmer, 1533; removed to Buckden, Huntingdonshire, 1533; forcibly resisted an attempt to remove her to Somersham, Isle of Ely, 1533; in fear of poison, 1534; her marriage pronounced valid by the pope, 23 March 1534; her jointure transferred by parliament to Anne Boleyn steadily refused to accept the Act of Succession, 1534; many other supporters executed, 1535; serious illness, December 1535; died possibly of cancer of the heart, 7 Jan. 1536; buried in Peterborough Abbey. ix. 290
Howard Catherine: '''Howard Catherine''' (rf. [[1542]]), fifth queen of Henry VIII; daughter, by his first wife, of Lord Edmund Howard, a younger son of Thomas, second duke of Norfolk her education neglected through her father's poverty; on her father's second marriage became a dependant in her grandmother's (Agnes, dowager duchess of Norfolk's) house at Horsham, Norfolk, and afterwards at Lambeth; improperly familiar with Henry Mannock (or Manox), her music-master; passed privately as wife of Francis Dereham, a retainer of the duchess; during Dereham's absence in Ireland, was thought likely to marry her cousin, Thomas Cul pepper of Kent; met Henry VIII at Bishop Stephen Gardiner's palace: claims for promotion pressed on her by her old associates, on the report that Henry would divorce Anne of Cleves and marry her: married secretly to King Henry, July, and acknowledged, August 1540; accompanied Henry on his midland progress, September-October 1540, and again, to Yorkshire, July-October 1541; clandestinely met Oulpepper at Lincoln and Pontefract, 1541, by help of her cousin Jane, viscountess Rochford, and 27 Aug., made Dereham her secretary; a statement of her former intimacy with Mannock and Dereham, supplied by maid-servants, given to Henry VIII, 2 Nov.; driven to confess pre-nuptial nnchastity with Dereham and familiarities with Mannock, a strict inquiry having been held; given by the king a promise to spare her life and sent to Sion House, November 1541; evidence of adultery vainly sought; all persons supposed privy to her misconduct imprisoned, Culpepper and Dereham being sentenced to death, and several of her relatives and servants to imprisonment and forfeiture, 1641; a bill attainting her and Lady Rochford (now insane) brought in, 21 Jan., and passed 7 Feb. 1542; a new confession, but only of prenuptial nnchwtity, wrung from her; taken to the Tower, 10 Feb., and, with Lady Rochford, beheaded 13 Feb. 1542.
Parr Catherine: '''Parr Catherine''' ([[1512]]-[[1548]]), sixth queen of Henry VIII; daughter of Sir Thomas Parr (d. 1517) of Keudal; well educated; married to Edward Borough (possibly Edward, the insane Baron Borough of Gainsborough, d. 1529); third wife of John Neville, baron Latimer (d. 1542); ready to marry Sir Thomas Seymour, brother of Jane, the late queen; forced to marry Henry VIII, 12 July 1543; showed great kindness to Prince Edward and the Princesses Elizabeth and Mary; tried to diminish religious persecution; regent duriiiLHenry VIII's French expedition, 1544; her life ndftBfMMd by her protestant leanings; secretly married, c. April, Sir Thomas Seymour, now Baron Seymour of Sudeley, Henry VIII having died in January 1547; obtained Edward Vl's consent to the match; disgusted by her husband's brutalities to Princess Elizabeth; gave birth to a daughter at Sudeley Castle, 30 Aug. 1548.
Catherine: '''Catherine''' K BKAGANZA ([[1638]]-[[1706]]), queen of Charles II; born at Villa Vtcosa; her father king of Portugal in 1640; her education utterly neglected; marriage with Charles, prince of Wales, proposal for her by her father, 1645; renewed proposals made by the Portuguese for her marriage with Charles II, May 1660; proposals opposed by the Spanish party, on the ground of her probable barrenness; the match determined upon by Charles II, acting under French influence, November 1660-March 1661; formal intimation of the match well received in England and enthusiastically in Portugal; marriage treaty signed, 23 June 1661; Catherine sailing for England, 23 April 1662, and reaching Portsmouth, 13 May; privately married, 21 May; arrived at Hampton Court, 29 May; compelled by Charles to receive at court his mistress, Lady Castlemaine, July; arrived at Whitehall, 23 Aug.; submissively accepted Charles H'a infidelities; showed kindness to his illegitimate children, and lived mostly at Somerset House, and not at court, being often in great poverty through non-payment of her allowances; tried to obtain from the pope recognition of Portuguese independence, 1662; seriously ill, October 1663; kept court in Oxford during the plague of London, 1665-8; proposals rumoured for dissolution of her marriage on account of her childlessness, 1667-70; complaints made of the concourse of English people to her chapel services, 1667; went a progress in the eastern counties, 1671: assailed by the whigs as privy to the popish plot 16781680, but protected by Charles; attended the Oxford parliament, 1681; again abandoned by Charles for the Duchess of Portsmouth; instrumental in securing Charles II's deathbed profession of Romanism, February 1685; afterwards lived in retirement at Somerset House and Hammersmith; vainly begged James II to spare Monmouth; present at the birth of the Prince of Wales, 10 June 1688; gave evidence as to his legitimacy before the council; tried to recover damages from Henry, earl of Clarendon, her late chamberlain, for negligence in money matters; visited by William of Orange, but soon quarrelled with both William and Mary; travelled through France and Spain, reaching Lisbon, January 1693; resided near Lisbon; regent for her brother Pedro, 1704-5; favoured Italian music; unpopular in consequence of her ignorance of affairs, her haughtiness to her household, and her parsimony,

[edit] Section 244

Cathroe: '''Cathroe''' or KADROE, SAINT (d. [[976]]?). See
Oadroe: '''Oadroe'''
Ann Catley: '''Ann Catley''' ([[1745]]-[[1789]]), vocalist ; sang at Vauxhall, 1762; legal proceedings undertaken by her father to regain custody of her, 1763; pupil of Charles Macklin; an extremely popular performer at Dublin, 1763-70, and in London, 1770-84; married Major-general Francis Lascelles.
Catlh: '''Catlh''' f, SIR ROBERT (d. [[1574]]), judge; reader of the Middle Temple, 1547: obtained the manor of Beby, Leicestershire, 1653; serjeant-at-law, 1565; justice of common pleas, 1558; chief- justice of the queen's bench, 1559-74; knighted, 1569.
James Catnach: '''James Catnach''' (of the Seven Dials) ([[1792]]-[[1841]]), publisher; son of John Catnach; printei in Newcastleon-Tyne; came to London, 1813; issued penny and farthing chap-books, ballads, and broadsides; retired, 1838.
William Caton: '''William Caton''' ([[1636]]-[[1665]]), quaker ; met George Fox at Swarthmore, Ulverston, Lancashire, 1652, and embraced quakerism; travelled as a quaker preacher, 1654; imprisoned at Maids tone; roughly handled by English residents in Holland, 1655; preached in Scotland; settled in Amsterdam, 1656; frequently visited England; married a Dutch woman, 1662; imprisoned at Yarmouth; published many pamphlets in English, Dutch, and German; his autobiography printed, 1689.
John Catrik: '''John Catrik''' (d. [[1419]]).
Cattermole: '''Cattermole''' 216
Cave: '''Cave'''
George Cattermole: '''George Cattermole''' ([[1800]]-[[1868]]), painter; son of a Norfolk squire; employed as.Iramrht-.uan by John Hritton; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1819-27, and historical and other pictures at the Water Colour Society 1822-60; a prolific book-illustrator, 1830-48; painted in oils, chiefly biblical subjects, from 1850.
Richard Cattermole: '''Richard Cattermole''' ([[1795]] 7-[[1868]])," miscellaneous writer; educated at Christ's College, Cambridge; B.D., 1831; curate at Brixton, Surrey, 1826-31; secretary of the Royal Society of Literature, 1833-52; vicar of Little Mar'low, Buckinghamshire; published verses, sermons, and elegant extracts, 1825-46.
Twm Shon Catti: '''Twm Shon Catti''' ([[1630]]-[[1620]]?). See JONES, j
Thomas: '''Thomas'''
Charles Catton: '''Charles Catton''' , the elder ([[1728]]-[[1798]]), painter; successful coach-painter in London; exhibited from 1760, chiefly landscapes.
Charles Catton: '''Charles Catton''' , the younger ([[1756]]-[[1819]]), painter; son of Charles Oatton the elder; studied art in London: went on sketching tours in England and Scotland; exhibited, 1775-1800; emigrated to the United States, 1804.
Thomas Catton: '''Thomas Catton''' ([[1760]]-[[1838]]), astronomer; of St. John's College, Cambridge; B.A., 1781; fellow and tutor; B.D., 1791; curator of the college observatory, 1791-1832; his observations published, 1853.
Catton: '''Catton''' or CHATTODUNUS, WALTER (d. [[1343]]), Franciscan friar of Norwich; died at Avignon. None of his works are extant
Ddoeth Cattwo: '''Ddoeth Cattwo''' (d. [[670]] ?).
James Caulfeild: '''James Caulfeild''' , fourth VISCOUNT and first
Op Oharlemont Earl: '''Op Oharlemont Earl''' ([[1728]]-[[1799]]), Irish statesman; born in Dublin; succeeded to the viscounty, 1734; travelled in Italy and the Levant, 1746-54; served against the French at Oarrickfergus, 1760; created Earl of Charlemont, 1763; resided in London, frequenting literary coteries, 1764-73; removed to Dublin, 1773; associate of Henry; rattan and Henry Flood; intrigued for Irish independence, 1780-2; opposed catholic emancipation and the union; wrote verses.
Sir Toby Caulfeild: '''Sir Toby Caulfeild''' or TOBIAS, first BARON
Oharlkmont: '''Oharlkmont''' ([[1565]]-[[1627]]), of an Oxfordshire family; served under Martin Frobisher, and (1596) at Cadiz; commanded troop of horse at Newry, 1698; served at Kin sale, 1601; officer at Fort Charlemont on the Blackwater; knighted, c. 1604; receiver of Tyrone's rents, 1607-10; received grants of forfeited lands; M.P., Armagh, 1613; master of ordnance, 1615; created Baron Oharlemont, 1620.
Toby Oaulfeild: '''Toby Oaulfeild''' or TOBIAS, third BARON
Oharlemoxt: '''Oharlemoxt''' (d. [[1642]]), M.P., Tyrone, [[1639]] ; governor of Fort Oharlemont, 1641; surprised by Sir Phelim O'Neill ; murdered.
William Caulfeild: '''William Caulfeild''' , fifth BARON and first

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Cuarlemont Viscount: '''Cuarlemont Viscount''' (d. [[1671]]), succeeded to barony and estates, 1642; secured the execution of Sir Phelim O'Neill; created viscount, 1665.
William Caulfeild: '''William Caulfeild''' , second VISCOUNT CHARLK-
Mont: '''Mont''' (d. [[1726]]), son of William Caulfeild, first viscount q. v.1; attainted by James II; restored by William III; served in West Indies, 1702, and under Peterborough in Spain, 1706; major-general, 1708.
James Caulfield: '''James Caulfield''' ([[1764]]-[[1826]]), publisher; son of a London music-engraver; printseller and compiler of book-catalogues; published numerous biographies, with engraved portraits of historical personages and criminals, 1790-1824; prevented by Edmund Malone from issuing a volume of extracts from John Aubrey's manuscript*, 1797.
Richard Caulfield: '''Richard Caulfield''' ([[1823]]-[[1887]]), Irish antiquary; B.A. Trinity College, Dublin, 1848; LL.B., 1864; LL.D., 1866; F.S.A., 1862; librarian of Royal Cork Institution, 1864, and to Queen's College, Cork, 1876; published council books of corporation of Cork, 1876, Youghal, 1878, and Kinsale, 1878, with other works.
Benjamin Caunt: '''Benjamin Caunt''' ([[1815]]-[[1861]]), pugilist ; son of a servant of Lord Byron at Newstead; fought with William Thompson Bendigo), 1835, and was beaten; beat Bendigo, 1838, and was styled champion; beat John Leechman f Brassey), 1840, and was styled champion of England visited the United States, 1841-2; subsequently publican in London.
John Hobart Gaunter: '''John Hobart Gaunter''' ([[1794]]-[[1851]]), miscellaneous writer; cadet in India, 1809; B.D. Cambridge, 1828; clergyman in London, Sussex, and Essex; publishedRomance of History(India), 1836, verses, sermons, and novels.
Salomon De Caus: '''Salomon De Caus''' ([[1576]]-f[[630]]).
Michael De Oauston: '''Michael De Oauston''' (d. [[1395]]).
Cau: '''Cau''' 8TON, THOMAS (d. [[1569]]), composer ; gentleman of the Chapel Royal; contributed church music to John Day's issues.
Cautley: '''Cautley''' Sin PROBY THOMAS ([[1802]]-[[1871]]), colonel; joined Bengal artillery, 1819; served at Bhurtpore, 1828; assisted in reconstructing Dot'ib canal, 1824 ?-30; in charge of it, 1831-43; planned Gauges canal (his plans being censured by Sir Arthur Cotton ); superintended its construction, 1843-5 and 1848-54; visited England, 1846-8; K.O.B., 1864; member of council of India, 1858-68; presented Indian fossils to the British Museum; wrote on canals and on fossils.
John De Caux: '''John De Caux''' (d. [[1263]]).
Sir Pierre Louis Napoleon Cavagnari: '''Sir Pierre Louis Napoleon Cavagnari''' (1841-1879), diplomatist; son of Adolphe Cavaguari, one of Napoleon's officers, by his Irish wife; born in France; entered Christ's Hospital, London, 1861; naturalised, 1857; cadet in the East India Company's service, 1858; lieutenant, 1860; political officer, 1861; employed on Afghan frontier, 1868-78; K.O.B., 1879; appointed British resident in Cabul, 1879; murdered by mutinous Afghans.
Cavalier: '''Cavalier''' or CAVALLIER, JEAN ([[1681]]-[[1740]]), major-general; son of a Languedoc peasant; baker at Geneva; a leader of the protestaut insurgents in the Cevennes, 1702; defeated and obliged to surrender, 1704; taken before Louis XIV at Versailles; escaped into Switzerland; served under the Duke of Savoy; raised regiment in Holland for English service in Spain, 1706; severely wounded at Almanza, 1707; paid addresses to Mademoiselle Dunoyer at the Hague, 1708; pensioned by the British government; resided at Portarlingtou, Ireland; published hisMemoirs 1726; lieutenant-governor of Jersey, 1738; major-general, 1739.
Tiberius Gavallo: '''Tiberius Gavallo''' ([[1749]]-[[1809]]), natural philosopher; born in Naples; settled in England, before 1776; F.R.S., 1779; investigated electrical and chemical phenomena; invented electrical instruments; wrote on electricity and magnetism.
Earls of Cavan: '''Earls of Cavan''' . See LAMBART, CHARLES, first
Earl: '''Earl''' [[1600]]-[[1660]]; LAMBART, RICHARD FORD WILLIAM, seventh EARL, 1763-1836.
Alfred Cave: '''Alfred Cave''' ([[1847]]-[[1900]]), congregational divine ; studied at New College, London; B.A. London, 1870; minister at Berkhampsted, 1872, and Watford, 1876-80; professor of Hebrew and church history, Hackney College, 1880; principal and professor of theology, 1882-1900; honorary D.D. St. Andrews, 1889: published theological works.
Sir Ambrose Cave: '''Sir Ambrose Cave''' (d. [[1568]]), of Northamptonshire; knight hospitaller of St. John of Jerusalem; visited Rhodes, 1525; pensioned at the suppression of the KnightsHospital at Shingay, Cambridgeshire, 1540; sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire, 1548; M.P. I for Warwickshire, 1657; chancellor of the duchy of Lan1 caster, 1558; frequently employed on government commissions, 1558-64.
Edward Cave: '''Edward Cave''' ([[1691]]-[[1754]]), printer; son of a i Rugby cobbler; apprenticed to a London printer; printer and journalist at Norwich; married and settled in London; for a short time clerk in the post office; , furnished London news to jo country papers, and country , 1726: conducted theGentle i news to a London paper, 17X6; conducted tne -uennei man's Magazine 1731-54; denounced in parliament for ! publishing George II's answer to an address before it had ! even been reported from the chair, 1738; invented a spinning-machine, 1740; published many journals and i books.
Cave: '''Cave''' 217
Cavendish: '''Cavendish'''
John Cave: '''John Cave''' (d. [[1657]]), divine ; M.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1619; rector of Pickwell, Leicestershire, 1629-42; persecuted by the puritans.
Cave: '''Cave''' Sin LEWIS WILLIAM ([[1832]]-[[1897]]), judge ; educated at Rugby and Lincoln College, Oxford; B.A., 1865; M.A., 1877; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1H69; bencher, 1877; revising barrister, 1865; recorder of Lincoln, 1873; Q.C., 1875; justice of high court, queen's bench division, 1881; knighted, 1881; bankruptcy judge, 1883-91: edited legal works.
Sik Stephen Cave: '''Sik Stephen Cave''' ([[1820]]-[[1880]]), politician ; educated at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford; M.A., 1846- barrister of the Inner Temple, 1846; M.P., ShoreLain, 1H59-80; paymaster-general, 1866-8,1874-80; published pamphlet-.

[edit] Section 246

William Cave: '''William Cave''' ([[1637]]-[[1713]]), ecclesiastical historian; sou of John Cave; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1660; D.D., 1672; vicar of Islington, 1662-89; vicar of Allhallows the Great, London, 1679-89; canon of Windsor, 1684, and vicar of Isleworth, Middlesex, 1690 till death; published Primitive Christianity 1672, and other important works on early ecclesiastical history.
Hugo Cavellus: '''Hugo Cavellus''' ([[1571]]-[[1626]]). See MACCAGH-
Hugh Wkll: '''Hugh Wkll''' .
Cavendish: '''Cavendish''' ([[1830]]-[[1899]]) (pseudonym). See JONES,
Henry: '''Henry'''
Ada Cavendish: '''Ada Cavendish''' ([[1839]]-[[1895]]), actress ; first appeared at New Royalty, 1863, and subsequently played at many London theatres and in America; her parts include Juliet, Beatrice, Rosalind, and Lady Teazle.
Charles Cavendish: '''Charles Cavendish''' ([[1620]]-[[1643]]), royalist general; second son of William Cavendish, second earl of Devonshire; travelled in the East, 1638-40; served under the Prince of Orange, 1641; volunteer in the guards; given troop after Edgehill; raised regiment of horse; stationed at Newark: given command in Nottinghamshire and Lincoln; victorious at G ninth am, March 1643, Ancaster, April, and Burton-on-Trent, July 1643; defeated and slain at Gainsborough.
Sir Charles Cavendish: '''Sir Charles Cavendish''' ([[1591]]-[[1664]]), mathematician; brother of William Cavendish, first duke of Newcastle; accompanied Sir Henry Wotton to France, 1612; knighted, 1619; M.P. for Nottingham, 1624, 1628, and 1640; served for king under his brother as lieutenant-general of horse, 1642; travelled on continent, 1644-51; suffered sequestration of estates, but made submission and was admitted to compound. He was noted for his mathematical knowledge, and was acquainted with many eminent mathematicians of his day.
Christiana Cavendish: '''Christiana Cavendish''' , COUNTESS OF DKVOX-
Bhire: '''Bhire''' (d. [[1675]]), daughter of Edward Bruce, baron Kinloss; wife of William Cavendish, second earl of Devonshire, who died 1628; zealous supporter of the royalist cause.
Elizabeth Cavendish: '''Elizabeth Cavendish''' , DUCHESS OP DEVON-
Shirk: '''Shirk''' ([[1759]]-[[1824]]), daughter of the fourth Earl of Bristol ; married John Thomas Foster; refused offer of marriage from Edmund Gibbon, 1787; married the fifth Duke of Devonshire, 1809; lived latterly at Rome; subsidised editions of Horace and Virgil, 1816-19.
Lord Frederick Cavendish: '''Lord Frederick Cavendish''' ([[1729]]-[[1803]]), fieldmarshal; third son of the third Duke of Devonshire; ensign, 1750; colonel, 1758; M.P. for Derbyshire, 1751, and for Derby, 1754-80; served in Germany, 1767; prisoner in France, 1758-60; commanded brigade in Hanover, 1760-3; major-general, 1761; field-marshal, 1796.
Lord Frederick Charles Cavendish: '''Lord Frederick Charles Cavendish''' (1836-1882), chief secretary for Ireland; second son of William Cavendish, seventh Duke of Devonshire; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1858; M. P., Yorkshire West Riding, 1866-82; chief secretary for Ireland, 1882; murdered by members of a secret political society in Phoenix Park, Dublin, 6 May.
George Cavendish: '''George Cavendish''' ([[1500]]-[[1661]] ?), biographer of Wolsey; in constant attendance on Wolsey, as his usher, from 1626; retired to Glemsford, Suffolk, 1530; zealous Roman catholic; wrote life of Wolsey, e. 1667 (published 1815).
Georgiana Cavendish: '''Georgiana Cavendish''' , DUCHESS OF DEVON-
Shire: '''Shire''' ([[1757]]-[[1806]]), eldest daughter of the first Earl Spencer; married, 1774, the fifth Duke of Devonshire; canvassed for Fox in the Westminster election, 1784.
Henry Cavendish: '''Henry Cavendish''' (d. [[1616]]), soldier and politician, eldest son of Sir William Cavendish (1506 V-1657); M.P. for Derbyshire, 1672; fought in the Low Countries, 1678; travelled in the East; custodian of Mary Queen of Scots.
Sir Henry Cavendish: '''Sir Henry Cavendish''' ([[1732]]-[[1804]]), parliamentary reporter; M.P. for Lostwithiel, 1768-1774; took shorthand notes of the debates (now in the British Museum; partly printed, 1839-43); succeeded to baronetcy, 1776; official in Ireland, 1779.
Henry Cavendish: '''Henry Cavendish''' ([[1731]]-[[1810]]), natural philosopher; grandson of the second Duke of Devonshire; born at Nice; educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge, 17491753; a millionaire; studied mathematics; experimented in physics and chemistry, 1764; began to communicate papers to the Royal Society, 1766; discovered the constitution of water and atmospheric air before 1783; experimented on electricity, 1772 and 1776, and on the density of the earth, 1798.
Sir John Cavendish: '''Sir John Cavendish''' (d. [[1381]]), judge; pleader in 1348; serjeant-at-law, 1366; justice of common pleas, 1371; chief-justice of king's bench, 1372-81; murdered in Jack Straw's rising.
Lord John Cavendish: '''Lord John Cavendish''' ([[1732]]-[[1796]]), politician ; fourth son of the third Duke of Devonshire; M.A. Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1753; M.P., Weymouth, 1763; M.P., Knaresborougb, 1761; M.P., York, 1768-90; chancellor of the exchequer, March to July 1782, and April to December, 1783; M.P., Derbyshire, 1794-6; friend of Edmund Burke.
Margaret Cavendish: '''Margaret Cavendish''' , DUCHESS OF NEW-
Castle: '''Castle''' ([[1624]]?-[[1674]]), writer; youngest child of Sir Thomas Lucas, of St. John's, Colchester; maid of honour to Queen Henrietta Maria, 1643; accompanied her to Paris, 1645; married (second wife) William Cavendish, marquis (afterwards duke) of Newcastle, April 1646; lived at Paris, Rotterdam, and Antwerp in pecuniary distress; came to London, to solicit an allowance out of her husband's confiscated estates; derided by Charles II's court after the Restoration; lived in retirement; buried in Westminster Abbey; wrote and published a multitude of verses, essays, and plays, 1663-68, together with an autobiographical sketch inNature's Pictures 1656, and a life of her husband, 1667.
Richard Cavendish: '''Richard Cavendish''' (d. [[1601]]?), politician: educated at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge; employed by the Duke of Norfolk to carry letters to Mary Queen of Scots, 1568-9; witness against the duke, 1572; M.P. for Denbigh, 1672 and 1585; M.A. Cambridge, 1573; appointed by Elizabeth to a law office, but excluded by the judges, 1587; translated Euclid into English, and published a theological tract.

[edit] Section 247

Thomas Cavendish: '''Thomas Cavendish''' ([[1560]]-[[1592]]), circumnavigator; supplied and commanded n ship in Sir Richard Greenvile's Virginia voyage, 9 April-18 Sept. 1686; fitted out three ships in imitation of Sir Francis Drake's 1577-9 voyage, 1586; sailed from Plymouth, 21 July 1586; touched at Sierra Leone, 21 Aug.; at Cape Frio, Brazil, 31 Oct.; discovered Port Desire, Patagonia, 17 Dec.; entered Magellan Straits, 6 Jan. 1587; reached the Pacific, 24 Feb.; captured the great treasure-ship off Cape St. Lucas, California, 14 Nov.; reached the Ladrones, 3 Jan. 1588; threaded the Eastern archipelago; sighted Cnpe of Good Hope, 19 March; touched at St. Helena, 8 June; reached Plymouth, 10 Sept.; planned another voyage, in conjunction with Captain John Davis, 1591; sailed from Plymouth, 26 Aug. 1691: reached Brazil, 29 Nov.; at Port Desire, 18 March 1592; got only halfway through Magellan Straits, 21 April: started to return, 15 May; parted from Davis in the night off Port Desire, 20 May 1592; sailed eastwards towards St. Helena, and died at sea, June 1592; search for him undertaken by Davis along the Patagonian coast. His ship in the voyage of 1586 was the Desire: in the voyage of 1591 he commanded the Leicester, Davis sailing in the Desire.
Cavendish: '''Cavendish''' 218
Cawston: '''Cawston'''
Sik William Cavendish: '''Sik William Cavendish''' ([[1505]] 7-[[1567]]), statesman: agent for Henry VIII in securing the property of the monasteries at the dissolution, 1630-41; received grants of church lands from Henry VIII and Edward VI; knighted, 1546; returned to Roman Catholicism under Queen Mary; treasurer of the royal chamber to Henry VHI, 1546, and to Mary, 1553; began to build Chateworth,1553.
William Cavendish: '''William Cavendish''' , first EARL OF DEVON-
Siiihk: '''Siiihk''' (d. [[1686]]), second son of Sir William Cavendish (1605 ?-1667); M.P., Newport, 1688; courtier of James I: created Baron Cavendish of Hardwicke, 1606; created Earl of Devonshire, 1618.
William Cavendish: '''William Cavendish''' , second EARL OF DEVON-
Shirk: '''Shirk''' ([[1591]] ?-[[1628]]), second son of William Cavendish, first earl; pupil of Thomas Hobbes; travelled; knighted, 1609: courtier of James I; M.P. for Derby, 1621-6; succeeded to earldom, 1626; in debt, 1628.
William Cavendish: '''William Cavendish''' , DUKE OF NKWCASTLK (1592-1676), son of Sir Charles Cavendish of Welbeck, Nottinghamshire, and the heiress of the barony of Ogle, Northumberland; educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; K.B., 1610; travelled: entertained James I at Welbeck, 1619; created Viscount Mansfield, November 1620; created Earl of Newcastle, March 1628; succeeded to the Ogle estates, 1629; spent 20,000*. in entertaining Charles I at Welbeck, 1633, Ben Jonson writing the masques; governor of Charles, prince of Wales, 1638-41; lent Charles I 10,0007. and raised a troop at his own cost against the Scots, 1639; withdrew from court, 1641, to avoid prosecution by parliament for again raising troops for the king; named governor of Hull by Charles I, January 1642, but not accepted by the garrison; joined Charles I at York; sent to secure Newcastle-on-Tyne, June, and to command in the north; raised troops at his own charges: invaded Yorkshire, November 1642; raised the ?iege of York, and advanced southwards; forced to fall back on York, January 1648; advanced into the West Riding, but was forced back; detached troops to escort the queen to Oxford; secured all Yorkshire by the victory of Adwalton Moor, 1643; advanced as far as Lincoln; recalled to besiege Hull; raised the siege, 11 Oct. 1643; created Marquis of Newcastle, 27 Oct. 1643: sent to oppose the Scots, 1644; forced to fall back on York; fought as volunteer at Marston Moor, having vainly urged Prince Rupert to wait for reinforcements, 1644; at Ha'mburg, July 1644 to February 1645: in Paris, April 1645-8; married see CAVENDISH, MARGARET, DUCHESS OF NEWCASTLE; at Rotterdam, 1648, and Antwerp, 1648-60; for some time lived in great pecuniary difficulties, pawned,his wife's jewels, and incurred heavy loans; obtained an allowance out of his confiscated estates; accompanied Charles II to London, 1660; had only part of his lands restored, having spent nearly 1,000,000. in the royal service: created Duke of Newcastle, March 1665; withdrew to Welbeck; patron of Ben Jonson and Dryden. His works include plays, 1649-77, poems, and Methode et Invention... de dresser les Chevaux Antwerp, 1657, and New Method... to Dress Horses 1667.
William Cavendish: '''William Cavendish''' , third EARL OFDEVON-
Hhirk: '''Hhirk''' ([[1617]]-[[1684]]), eldest sou of William Cavendish, second earl; pupil of Thomas Hobbes K.B., 1625: succeeded to the earldom, 1628; travelled, 1634-7; lordlieutenant of Derbyshire, 1638-42; belonged to the court party; joined Charles I at York, 1642; attainted by parliament, 1642, and his estates sequestrated; went abroad; returned, 1645; fined by parliament, 1646; lived at his mother's house, Latimers, Buckinghamshire; lord-lieutenant of Derbyshire, 1660.
William Cavendish: '''William Cavendish''' , first DUKE OF DEVON-
Shire: '''Shire''' ([[1640]]-[[1707]]), eldest sou of William Cavendish, third earl: styled Lord Cavendish (of Hardwicke) till 1684; educated abroad: M.P. for Derby, 1661; in Ireland, 1662; hon. M.A. Oxford, 1663; served in the fleet, 1665; envoy to France, 1669; provoked a fracas at the opera in Paris; imprisoned in the Tower for instigating a duel, from the succession, 1680-1; made his peace with Charles II, October, 1681; succeeded to earldom, 1684; fined 30,OOW. for brawling at court, 1685; built Chatsworth, 1687-1706; joined in inviting William of Orange England, 1687 and 1688; arranged with the Earl of Danby to raise the north in favour of William of Orange; seized Derby and Nottingham, 1688; raised regiment of horse; escorted Princess Anne to Oxford; moved an address of welcome to the Prince of Orange, December, 1688; armed for.lames II's deposition, 1689; lord-lieutenant of Derbyshire, 1689; lord high steward at coronation, 1689; with William III in Flanders, 1690-2; created Duke of Devonshire, 1694 lord high steward at Anne's coronation, 1702; advocated toleration of nonconformists and the union with Scotland; of profligate private life; a patron of horse-racing.
William Cavendish: '''William Cavendish''' , fourth DUKE OF DEVON-
Shire: '''Shire''' ([[1720]]-[[1764]]), styled Marquis of Hartiugton till [[1755]] ; M.P. for Derbyshire, 1741-51; married, 1748, the heiress of the Cork and Burlington estates in Ireland; called to the peers as Baron Cavendish, 1751; succeeded to the dukedom, 1755; lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1755-6; prime minister, 1756-7; lord chamberlain, 1757-62.
Cavendish: '''Cavendish''' Sin WILLIAM, seventh DUKK OF
Devonshire: '''Devonshire''' ([[1808]]-[[1891]]), great grandson of William Cavendish, fourth duke; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1829; honorary LL.D., 1835; M.P. for Cambridge University, 1829-31, Malton, Yorkshire, 1831 Derbyshire, 1831, North Derbyshire, 18321834; succeeded his grandfather as second Earl of Burlington, 1834, and his cousin William George Spencer Caven privy councillor, 1876; liberal benefactor of scientific and industrial enterprises.
William George Spencer Cavendish: '''William George Spencer Cavendish''' , sixth
of Devonshire Duke: '''of Devonshire Duke''' ([[1790]]-[[1858]]), B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1811; succeeded to the dukedom, July, 1811; British envoy at the coronation of Nicholas, c.ar of Russia, 1825; lord chamberlain, 1827-8, and 1830-4; bibliophile and collector of coins.
Cavendish: '''Cavendish''' -BENTINCK.
John Caverhell: '''John Caverhell''' (d. [[1781]]), physician ; licentiate of the London College of Physicians, 1767; wrote on medical topics.
John Young Caw: '''John Young Caw''' ([[1810]] ?-[[1858]]), banker ; educated at St. Andrews and Cambridge; banker in Manchester, c. 1828-58; published pamphlets.
James Cawdell: '''James Cawdell''' (d. [[1800]]), comedian in the north of England; retired, 1798; published poems and plays, 1778-98.
Daniel Cawdry: '''Daniel Cawdry''' ([[1588]]-[[1664]]), presbyterian ; educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge; rector of Great Billing, Northamptonshire, 1625; member of the Westminster Assembly, 1643; ejected from bis living for nonconformity, 1662; wrote against churchmen and independents, 1645-61.
Zaohary Cawdry: '''Zaohary Cawdry''' ([[1616]]-[[1684]]), divine ; entered St. John's College, Cambridge, 1633: M.A., 1642; rector of Barthomley, Cheshire, 1649-84; publishedA Discourse on Patronage 1675.

[edit] Section 248

William Cawley: '''William Cawley''' ([[1602]]-[[1666]] ?), regicide ; son of a rich brewer of Ohichester; founded St. Bartholomew's Hospital, Ohichester, 1626: M.P., Chichester, 1627; fined for refusing knighthood, 1629; M.P., Midhurst, 1640; an active member of the Long parliament; one of the king's judges; member of the council of state, 1651; M.P., 1659: excepted from pardon, 1660; withdrew to Belgium and Switzerland; his estates bestowed by crown on the Duke of York.
John Gawood: '''John Gawood''' ([[1514]]-[[1572]]), printer; apprenticed in London; printed in his own name, 1549-72; appointed queen's printer to Mary, 1663, and joint queen's printer to Elizabeth, 1560; active member of the StationersCompany,
Cawston: '''Cawston''' or CATTSTON, MICHAEL DE (d. [[1395]]), master of Michaelhouse, Cambridge; fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge; D.D.: master of Michaelhouse after 1359; chancellor of Cambridge, 1361: benefactor of the university; dean of Chichester at some date between 1383 and 1400.
Cawthorn: '''Cawthorn''' 219
Cecil: '''Cecil'''
James Cawthorn: '''James Cawthorn''' ([[1719]]-[[1761]]), poet; son of a Sheffield upholsterer; usher in several country schools; of Clare Hall, Cambridge; usher in London; head-master of Tollbridge school, c. 1743; styled M.A., 1748; publi-hi-d lirlanl ami Heloise inPoetical Calendar 1746; his collected poems published, 1771.
Thomas Cawton: '''Thomas Cawton''' , the elder ([[1606]]-[[1659]]), divine; educated at QueensCollege, Cambridge; puritan; vicar of Vuvenhoe, Essex, 1637-44; minister of St. Bartholomew's, London, 1644; opposed the execution of Charles 1; imprisoned, February to August, 1649, for praying for King Charles II involved in the projected rising of 1651; fled to Holland; minister of an English congregation at Rotterdam.
Thomas Cawton: '''Thomas Cawton''' , the younger ([[1636]]7-[[1677]]), orientalist; studied at Rotterdam and Utrecht; B.A. Merlon College, Oxford, 1660; left Oxford in consequence of his nonconformity, 1662; independent minister at Westminster; published a life of his father, Thomas Cawtou the elder, 1662, also philological and theological tracts.
William Caxton: '''William Caxton''' ([[1422]] ?-[[1491]]), the first English printer; born in Kent; apprenticed, 1438, to a London mercer; went, after his master's death, to Bruges, 1441; wa- at Bruges, in business for himself, 1446-70, visiting London, 1453, and Utrecht, 1464; at Bruges, acted as governor of the English merchants in the Low Countries, 1465-9, and was employed in negotiating commercial treaties with the Dukes of Burgundy, 1464 and 1468; began translating the French romanceLe Recueil des Hifitoires de Troye March 1469, at Bruges, and finished it, 1471, at Cologne; in the household of Margaret (sister of Edward IV), duchess of Burgundy, 1471-6; learned printing after 1471 and before 1474, perhaps at Cologne and in company of Colard Mansion; printed hisRecuyell of the Histories of Troy folio, probably in 1474, and * The Game and Playe of the Chesse another translation from French, probably in 1475, both perhaps at a press set up in 1473 by Colard Mansion at Bruges and belonging to Oaxton; came to England, 1476, and continued in favour with Edward IV, Richard III, and Henry VII; established press at Westminster, from which he issued, 1477-91, nearly eighty separate books, many of them translations by himself from French romances (the first of them was the Earl of Rivera's translation of The Dictes and Sayings of the Philosophers 1477). Six distinct founts of type were used by Caxton.
Henry Boult Cay: '''Henry Boult Cay''' (d. [[1795]]), legal writer ; B.A. Clare College, Cambridge, 1752; fellow, 1752-70; barrister of the Middle Temple; published supplements to the Abridgment of his father, John Cay
John Cay: '''John Cay''' ([[1700]]-[[1757]]), editor of the 'Statutes'; born in Northumberland; barrister of Gray's Inn, 1724; a judge of the Marshalsea, 1750; published anAbridgment of the Publick Statutes (1215-1737 ), 1739; andThe Statutes at Large (1215-1766), issued 1758.
Arthur Cayley: '''Arthur Cayley''' (d. [[1848]]), author of trite lives of Sir Walter Ralegh, 1805, and of Sir Thomas More, 1808; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1796; rector of Normanby, Yorkshire, 1814.
Arthur Cayley: '''Arthur Cayley''' ([[1821]]-[[1895]]), mathematician; senior wrangler and Smith's prizeman, Trinity College, Cambridge, 1842; fellow, 1842-62, and 1875-95, and honorary fellow, 1872; called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1849; practised as conveyancer; Sadlerian professor of pure mathematics, Cambridge, 1863-95; president of British Association, 1883; F.R.S., 1852; Copley medallist, 1882; member of the leading British and foreign scientific societies; contributed many valuable papers to mathematical journals.
Charles Bagot Cayley: '''Charles Bagot Cayley''' ([[1823]]-[[1883]]), translator; son of a Russian merchant: born near St. Petersburg; educated at King's College, London, and Cambridge (B.A., 1846). His verse translations include Dante, 1851, Jschylus, 1867, Homer, 1877, and Petrarch, 1879.
Cornelius Cayley: '''Cornelius Cayley''' ([[1729]]-[[1780]]?), religious writer; for some years clerk in the treasury of the Prince of Wales; methodist preacher; travelled in Holland and France, 1772; published an autobiography, 1768, travels, 1777, and verses and devotional tracts.
Saint Ceadda: '''Saint Ceadda''' (. [[672]]), better known as CHAD ; an Angle of Northumbria; disciple of St. Aidan at Lindisfarue; trained in Jtiithiurlsiiru monastery, co. Louth, Ireland; called to succeed his brother Cedd as abbot of Lastingham, North Yorkshire, 664; consecrated at Winchester as bishop of Lindisfarne or York (in place of Wilfrith, elected hut absent in Gaul), c. 665; acted as bishop, c. 666-9 (Wilfrith not claiming the see); resigned, at the instance of Archbishop Theodore, and retired to Lastingham; sent to be bishop of the Mercian.-, c. 670: fixed the see at Lichfield, where he built a church and cell; probably built a cell at Barrow, Lincolnshire; died of pestilence; revered aa an English saint; commemorated on 2 March.
Ceadwalla: '''Ceadwalla'''
Ceallachan: '''Ceallachan''' (d. [[954]]), king of Cashel, [[935]]-54 ; ravaged the neighbouring districts, 935-9; prisoner in Donegal, 941; victorious at Maghduin, 942; ancestor of the O'Callaghans.
Cearbhalt: '''Cearbhalt''' (d. [[888]]), lord of Ossory ; ravaged the neighbouring districte, sometimes in alliance with the Danes, sometimes with the Irish, 845-872; chosen king of Dublin by the Danes, 875; defeated the Munstennen at Clonmel, 876.
Ceawlin: '''Ceawlin''' (d. [[593]]), king of the West-Saxons; fought at Beranbyrig, near Marlborough, 61 J; succeeded his father, Cynric, 560; took Silchester; defeated the Jutes of Kent at Wimbledon, 568; by a victory atDeorham, 1 577, conquered Gloucestershire: ravaged the upper Severn valley, 583; repulsed by the Welsh at Vale Royal, Cheshire; deprived of conquests by his nephew, Ceobric, who headed a revolt, 591; defeated at Wanborough, Wiltshire, 592; fell in battle.
Arthur Cecil: '''Arthur Cecil''' , whose real name was ARTHUR
Blunt Cecil: '''Blunt Cecil''' ([[1843]]-[[1896]]), actor; appeared with the German Reeds in No Cards and Box and Cox 1869, and subsequently played at many London theatres; was with John Clayton joint-manager of the Court Theatre. His parts include Touchstone, Sir Peter Teazle, and Tony Lumpkin.
Cecil: '''Cecil''' Sm EDWARD, VISCOUNT WIMBLEDOX ([[1572]]1638), third son of Thomas Cecil, first earl of Exeter ; served in the Low Countries, 1596-1610; captain of foot, 1599; in command of the English contingent, 1610; knighted, 1601; a favourite of the Duke of Buckingham; given, by Buckingham, command of the Spanish expedition, 1626; miserably mismanaged the operations at Cadiz, 20-29 Oct., and missed the treasure-ships; created Baron Cecil of Putney, 1625; created Viscount Wimbledon, 1626: lord-lieutenant of Surrey, 1626; held command in Holland, 1627-9; governor of Portsmouth, 1630-8.
James Cecil: '''James Cecil''' , third EARL OF SALISBURY (d. [[1683]]), educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; succeeded to earldom, 1669; advocated exclusion of James, duke of York, from the succession;prisoner in the Tower, 1677; made his peace with Charles II, 1679.
James Cecil: '''James Cecil''' , fourth EARL OP SALISBURY (d. 1693), eldest sou of James Cecil, third earl; imprisoned as a Roman catholic, 1689; imprisoned as a Jacobite, 1692.

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Cecil: '''Cecil''' alias SNOWDEN, JOHN ([[1558]]-[[1626]]), priest and political adventurer; educated at Trinity College, Oxford; joined Roman catholic seminary at Rheims, 1583; studied at English college, Rome, and took holy orders; at Valladolid with Father Parsons, who (1591) sent him to England; captured, subsequently becoming spy in service of Burghley and Sir Robert Cecil; acted for ten years as political agent of Scottish catholic earls in rebellion against their king; subsequently (1601) joined John Mush, Anthony Champney, and other priests who laid before the pope grievances against Blackwell and the Jesuits; in 1606 with Champuey presented to the pope petition of English priests for episcopal government; chaplain and almoner to Margaret of Valois: died at Paris.
Richard Cecil: '''Richard Cecil''' ([[1748]]-[[1810]]), evangelical divine; youngest child of a wealthy London dyer; a dilettante; ordained priest, 1777; B.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1777: curate in Lincolnshire and Leicestershire; rector of All Saints 1777-98, and St. Thomas, Lewes, 1777-97; a
Cecil: '''Cecil''' 220
Cenwalh: '''Cenwalh''' popular preacher in and near London, 1780-1808; vicar of Ohobhara, Surrey, 1800: wrote devotional and biopraphical tracts, published posthumously.
Robert Cecil: '''Robert Cecil''' , first EARL OF SALISBURY and first VwroUNT CRANBORNK (1563 ?-1612), statesman; sou of William Cecil, baron Burghley; educated privately, being of weak health; resident in France, e. 1584-7 attached to the Earl of Derby's mission to the Spanish Netherlands, 1588; M.P. for Hertfordshire, 1589 and 1601; acted as secretary of state; knighted, 1691; secretary of state, 1596-1608; envoy to France, 1598; commissioner to try the Earl of Essex for leaving Ireland, 1600; accused by Essex of doubting Elizabeth's title, 1601; made overtures to James VI of Scotland; secured the accession of James VI to the English throne, 1603; created Baron Cecil, 1603, Viscount Oranbome, 1604, and Earl of Salisbury, 1605; forced by James I to exchange Theobalds for Hatfield, 1607; built Hatfield House; known as the crook-backed earl; died deeply in debt.
Thomas Cecil: '''Thomas Cecil''' , fire* EARL OP EXETER and second
Burghuty Baron: '''Burghuty Baron''' ([[1542]]-[[1622]]), eldest son of William Cecil, baron Burghley; educated privately; lived dissolutely at Paris and in Germany, 1561-3; M.P., Stamford, 1563; served against the northern rebels, 1569; served in Scotland, 1573; knighted, 1576; served in the Low Countries, 1585, and against the Armada, 1588; succeeded to barony, 1698; president of the council of the north, 1599; helped to crush the Earl of Essex's rising, 1601; created Earl of Exeter, 1605; founded a hospital at Liddington, Rutlandshire; benefactor of Clare College, Cambridge.
Thomas Cecil: '''Thomas Cecil''' (ft. [[1630]]), one of the few English engravers of the early seventeenth century; engraved, chiefly portraits, in London, 1627-35.
William Cecil: '''William Cecil''' , BARON BURGHLEY ([[1520]]-[[1598]]), statesman; only son of a wealthy Northamptonshire squire (d. 1552), in the service of Henry VIII; educated at Grantham school; at St. John's College, Cambridge, 1635-41; studied Greek; entered Gray's Inn, 1541; allied by marriage with Sir John Cheke, of Cambridge, the Greek scholar; held the lucrative office of custos brevium in .the court of common pleas, 1647-61; M.P., Stamford, 1647; secretary to Lord Protector Somerset; imprisoned in the Tower on Somerset's fall, 1549; secretary of state, 1660-3; recorder of Boston, 1651; knighted, 1551; began building Burleigh House and Wimbledon House, 1553; employed by Queen Mary to recall Cardinal Pole, 1554, and (unsucces? fully) to mediate between the French king and emperor, 1655; M.P., Lincolnshire, 1555; secretary of state, 1558-72; chancellor of Cambridge University, 1659; envoy to Scotland, 1560; his influence threatened by Elizabeth's partiality to Lord Robert Dudley (earl of Leicester in 1664); master of the court of wards, 1561; attended Queen Elizabeth on her state visits to Cambridge, 1664, and to Oxford, 1566; organised secret police to detect plots against Elizabeth, 1570; created Baron of Burghley, February 1571; lord high treasurer, 1572-98, and chief minister of Queen Elizabeth; responsible for execution of Mary Quen of Scots, 1587; founded a hospital at Stamford Baron; his correspondence preserved at Hatfield.
Cecilia: '''Cecilia''' or CECILY ([[1469]]-[[1507]]), third daughter of Edward IV; betrothed to James, eldest son of James III of Scotland, 1474; betrothed to Alexander, duke of Albany, 1482; took sanctuary at Westminster from Richard III, 1483; surrendered to Richard III, 1484; taken into favour by Henry VII, 1486; married John, viscount Wells (d. 1498), e. 1487; married Thomas Kymbe or Kyne, of the Isle of Wight, c. 1604.
Cedd: '''Cedd''' or CEDDA, SAINT (d. [[664]]), brother of Ceadda , with whom he is sometimes confused: an Angle of Northumbria; pupil of St. Aidan at Lindisfarne; sent to Christianise the Middle Angles, 653; sent to Essex to Christianise the East Saxons, 653; consecrated bishop of the East-Saxons, 664; founded a monastery near Maldou, and another at West Tilbury, Essex; founded and ruled the monastery at Lastingham, Yorkshire; attended the council at Whitby, 664: accepted the Roman computation of Easter; died of plague; revered at an English saint; commemorated on 7 Jan.
Saint Cedmon: '''Saint Cedmon''' (Jt. [[670]]).
Saint Celeclerech: '''Saint Celeclerech''' (d. [[697]]).
Cele: '''Cele''' 8IA. DOROTHEA ([[1738]]-[[1790]]), authoress of 4 Altnida a tragedy, 1771, and Indolence a poem, 1772; daughter of David Mallet; married I'ietro Pnolo (Vlosia, Genoese ambassador (1755-9); resided at Genoa, 1759-90.
Madame Celeste: '''Madame Celeste''' , properly CKI,KSTK-KU,HTT (1814 ?-1882), actress; trained in Paris; visited America, 1827; married a Mr. Elliott there; appeared in Liverpool, 1830, London, 1831 and 1833, America, 1834-7, London, 1837-41, Liverpool, 1843, and London, 1844-74; withdrew to Paris.
Saint Cellach: '''Saint Cellach''' (6th cent.), bishop of Killala; otherwise OELLAN; commemorated on 1 May; eldest son of a king in Mayo; monk at Cloumacuois; cursed by St. Ciarau for leaving the monastery to become king; returned to monkish life; chosen bishop in Mayo with his see at Killala (Cell Alaidh); murdered by order of Guaire, king in Galway.
Saint Cellach: '''Saint Cellach''' ([[1079]]-[[1129]]).
Alfred Celllee: '''Alfred Celllee''' ([[1844]]-[[1891]]), composer and contributor; one of children of Chapel Royal, 1865; held successively several appointments as organist; first musical director at Court Theatre, 1871; director of orchestra at Opera Comique, Manchester, 1871-5, and Opera Comique, London, 1877-9; joint-conductor with Sir Arthur Sullivan at Covent Garden, 1878-9; composed many comic operas, including Dorothy 1886, and Mountebanks (produced posthumously, 1892); his opera Pandora produced in Boston, U.S.A., 1881.
Elizabeth Celller: '''Elizabeth Celller''' (fl. [[1680]]), "mE 'Dormer ; married Peter Cellier, a Frenchman; embraced Romanism; midwife in London; agent for distributing alms to the popish plotprisoners, 1679; acquitted, 1680, on a charge of plotting the king's murder the meal-tub plot; fined and pilloried for libel in her pamphlet about her trial Malice defeated); published two pamphlets on the training of midwives, 1687-8.
William Celling: '''William Celling''' , perhaps more properly WIL-
Tilly of Selling Liam: '''Tilly of Selling Liam''' (d. [[1494]]), born in Kent ; monk at Christ Church, Canterbury; B.D. Oxford, 1458; possibly fellow of All SoulsCollege; prior of Christ Church, Canterbury, 1472-94; collected Latin and Greek manuscripts on the continent, c. 1473; improved the buildings of his convent; taught Thomas Linacre; envoy to Rome, 1486; commissioner in negotiations between England, France, and Brittany, 1490-1.
Celstts: '''Celstts''' or CELLACH, SAINT ([[1079]]-[[1129]]), archbishop of Armagh; son of klh, of a family which held the see hereditarily; succeeded as archbishop, September 1105; created suffragan bishops; visited in his province, collecting dues, 1106-20; mediator between Irish princes, 1107-28; presided at a synod to establish rules of conduct, 1111; attended a council to fix the boundaries of Irish dioceses, 1117; chosen bishop of Dublin, 1121, but perhaps never made good his title against his rival Gregory; taught St. Malachy, whom he recommended for his successor; robbed by the O'Ruarcs and O'Briaus, 1128; commemorated on 6 April.
John Cennick: '''John Cennick''' ([[1718]]-[[1755]]), divine; joined methodists under Wesley, 1739; made tour among Moravian brethren in Germany, 1745; ordained deacon in Moravian church, London, 1749; published sermons and hymns.
Susannah Centlivre: '''Susannah Centlivre''' ([[1667]] ?-[[1723]]), actress and dramatist; acted in the provinces, often in her own comedies; called herself S. Carroll; married, at Windsor, 1706, Joseph Centlivre, cook to Queen Anne; lived with her husband in St. Martin's-in-the-Fields, London, 17121723; wrote eighteen plays, chiefly comedies, 1700-22.
Centwlne: '''Centwlne''' or KENTEN (d. [[685]]), king of the WestSaxons; came to the throne, 676; took the Quautock hills from the Welsh; sheltered Wilfrith for a time; benefactor of Glastoubury Abbey.

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Xenwealh Cenwalh: '''Xenwealh Cenwalh''' , or COINWALCH (d. 672), king of the West-Saxons; succeeded his father CynegiU, 643; a pagan; put away his Mercian wife; driven from his kingdom by Penda of Mercia,
Oenwulf: '''Oenwulf''' 221
Chalkley: '''Chalkley''' e. 645; sought asylum in East Anglia; converted to Christianity; refined his kingdom, 648; built St. Peter's, Winobetter; made Agilbc-rht bishop of Winchester, 650; defeated the Welsh at Bradford-on-Avon, 652, and annexed North Wiltshire; defeated the Welsh, 658, ami annexed country from the Axe to the Parrot; mode Wini bishop of Winchester, 660; defeated by Wulfhere of Mercia, 661; accented Hlodhere (Leutherius) as bishop of Winchester, 670.
Cenwulf: '''Cenwulf''' or KENTTLF (d. [[1006]]), abbot of Peterborough, 992; bishop of Winchester, 1005.
Ceolfrid: '''Ceolfrid''' or CEOLFRITH, SAINT ([[642]]-[[716]]), abbot of Wearmouth; monk at Gilling, Yorkshire, andatllipon; priest, 669; visited Kent and Lincolnshire; prior, under Hi'iu-dict Biscop, at Wearmouth, 674; visited Rome, i;7s,iiiid c. 684; abbot of Jarrow,682; abbotof Wearmouth ami Jurrow combined, 688-716; encouraged transcription of manuscripts; induced the northern Irish, 704, and the Picts, 710, to observe the Komau Easter; set out for Rome; died at Laugres; commemorated on 25 Sept. fix. 424
Ceolnoth: '''Ceolnoth''' (d. [[870]]), archbishop of Canterbury, c. 833; made an alliance between Ecgberht and Kthrhuilf. kings of the West-Saxons, 838; plundered by the Danes, 851; bought off the Danes, 864.
Ceolred: '''Ceolred''' (d. [[716]]), king of the Mercians, [[709]] ; invaded Wessex, 715; repulsed at Wanborough, Wiltshire; oppressed the church; died insane.
Ceolric: '''Ceolric''' or CEOL (d. [[597]]), king of the West-Saxons, 692, after defeating Oeawlin
Saint Ceolwttlf: '''Saint Ceolwttlf''' (d. [[764]]), king of Northumbria, 729; to him Bteda dedicated his Historia Ecclesiastics; dethroned and restored, 731; made Ecgberht bishop of York, 734; resigned, 737, and became a monk at Liudisfarne; his body translated from Liudisfarue to Norham; commemorated on 15 Jan.
Cerdic: '''Cerdic''' (d. [[534]]), king of the West-Saxons ; a Saxon ealdorman; landed near Southampton, and fought against the Britons, 495; defeated the Britons, 508, and acquired South Hampshire up to the Avon; reinforced, 5 1 -t; defeated the Britons at Charford, Hampshire, 519; took the title of king; defeated by the Britons at Badbury, Dorset, 520; conquered the Isle of Wight, 530.
Saint Cernach: '''Saint Cernach''' (fl. [[450]]).
Giaoobbe Cervetto: '''Giaoobbe Cervetto''' ([[1682]] ? - [[1783]]), violoncellist; really named BASBVI; an Italian Jew; resided in London, 1739-83; played in the orchestra at Drury Lane.
James Cervetto: '''James Cervetto''' ([[1749]] 7-[[1837]]), violoncellist ; taught by his father, Giacobbe Cervetto; first performed, 1760: travelled on the continent, 1764; performed in London, 1765-83; retired on his lather's fortune.
Cestreton: '''Cestreton''' , ADAM DE (d. [[1269]]), judge ; chaplain to Henry III; master of the London domus convertorum, 1265; justice itinerant in 1268.
Chabham: '''Chabham''' or CHOBHAM, THOMAS DE (. [[1230]]), theologian; sub-dean of Salisbury, 1214; author of Summa de Poenitentia; other works lost; confused with Bishop Thomas de Oobham
Charles Chabot: '''Charles Chabot''' ([[1815]]-[[1882]]), expert in handwriting; born in Battersea; originally a lithographer; examined professionally the letters of.Tunius, identifying the handwriting with that of Sir Philip Francis, 1871.
Chaceporc: '''Chaceporc''' or CHACEPORT, PETER (d. [[1254]]), favourite of Henry III; a Poitevin; royal clerk, 1243; keeper of the wardrobe, 1245; rector of Ivinghoe, Buckinghamshire; archdeacon of Wells, 1250; treasurer, 1253; treasurer of Lincoln Cathedral, 1254; accompanied Henry III to France; died at Boulogne.
Saint Chad: '''Saint Chad''' (d. [[672]]).
Laurence Chaderton: '''Laurence Chaderton''' ([[1536]]?-[[1640]]), theologian ; son of a wealthy Roman catholic gentleman in Lancashire; disowned on becoming a protestant at Cambridge, c. 1566; entered Christ's College, Cambridge, 1665; RA., 1567; fellow, 1568 ?-1576; preacher for fifty yearp at St. Clement's, Cambridge: B.D., 1578; chosen by tnr Walter Mildmay, the founder, to be master of Emmanuel College, 1584; a member of the Hampton Court conference, 1604; one of the translators of the authorised version, 1607-11; D.D., 1613; resigned mastership, 1622.
Chadderton Chaderton: '''Chadderton Chaderton''' , or CHATTERTON,
William: '''William''' ([[1640]] V-[[1608]]), bishop of Chester and of Lincoln; born in Manchester; B.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1658; fellow of Christ's College, 1558; B.D., 1666; D.D., 1568; a disputant at Elizabeth's visit; agent in Cambridge for Sir William Cecil and Leicester; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1667-9; president of QueensCollege (by court pressure), 1668-79; regius professor of divinity, 1569-80; opposed the Cambridge puritans; prebendary of York, 1574, and of Westminster, 1576; warden of Manchester College, 1580; rector of Baugor; bishop of Chester, 1579-95, carrying oat court orders to suppress popery and puritaniam; translated to Lincoln, 1595, where he repressed popish recusancy.
Sir Henry Ducie Chads: '''Sir Henry Ducie Chads''' ([[1788]] ?-[[1868]]), admiral; served in the Mediterranean, 1803-6; lieutenant, 1806; took part in operations leading to the capture of Mauritius, 1810; taken prisoner by the American frigate Constitution, 1812; released, 1813; served in West Indies, 1813-15; served in Burmah, 1823-7; commanded ship In East Indies, 1834-45; head of the naval gunnery school at Portsmouth, 1845-53; rear-admiral in the Baltic, 1864-6: K.O.B., 1885; admiral, 1863.
Sir Edwin Chadwick: '''Sir Edwin Chadwick''' ([[1800]]-[[1890]]), sanitary reformer; called to bar at Inner Temple, 1830; published, 1829, article on Preventive Police in London Review,* which gained him the admiration and friendship of Jeremy Bentham; assistant commissioner for poor-law, 1832; chief commissioner, 1833; on royal commission to Investigate condition of factory children, 1833; secretary to new poor-law commissioners, 1834-46; member of sanitary commission, 1839 and 1844; C.B., 1848; member ot board of health, 1848-54; presented separate system which was adopted for drainage of Cawnpore, 1871; knighted, 1889; published numerous pamphlets, reports, and papers.
James Chadwick: '''James Chadwick''' ([[1813]]-[[1882]]), Roman catholic prelate; born at Drogheda; educated at Ushaw; missionary priest in the north of England; professor at Ushaw; bishop of Hexham, 1866; published devotional tracts.
Richard Chaffers: '''Richard Chaffers''' ([[1731]]-[[1762]]), set up pottery fabric for blue and white earthenware at Liverpool, 1758, and became rival of Wedgwood.

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William Chaffers: '''William Chaffers''' ([[1811]]-[[1892]]), authority on old plate and pottery; educated at Merchant Taylors School; F.S.A., 1843; published Hall Marks on Gold and Silver Plate 1863, andMarks and Monograms on Pottery and Porcelain 1863.
William Chaft: '''William Chaft''' ([[1779]]-[[1843]]), benefactor of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge; entered King's School, Canterbury, 1788; B.A. Sidney Sussex College, 1800; fellow, 1801; B.D., 1810; master of Sidney Sussex College, 18181843; D.D., 1813; king's chaplain.
William Chaigneatt: '''William Chaigneatt''' ([[1709]]-[[1781]]), author of 1 Jack Connor an Irish novel, 1752, and of a farce; served In Flanders; army agent in Dublin.
Sir James Jell Chalk: '''Sir James Jell Chalk''' ([[1803]]-[[1878]]), secretary to the ecclesiastical commission; entered the ecclesiastical commission office, 1836; secretary, 1849-71; barrister of the Middle Temple, 1839; knighted, 1871.
Tt Chat: '''Tt Chat''' ffTLL, JOHN (fl. [[1600]]), poet; author of a pastoral,Thealma and Olearchus published, 1683, by Izaak Walton, who knew him In youth.
Thomas Chalkley: '''Thomas Chalkley''' ([[1676]]-[[1741]]), quaker ; son of a Southwark tradesman; preached In the south of England, in Scotland, 1697, and in Virginia, 1698; emigrated to Philadelphia, 1700; visited Barbados, 1701; visited Great Britain, Holland, and Germany, 1707-10; travelled In America as a preacher, 1712-18; visited Barbados, 1735; died at the Virgin Islands; published pamphlets, and an autobiography.
Lice Chal: '''Lice Chal''' 222
Chamberlain: '''Chamberlain'''
Ann Ik Emma Challice: '''Ann Ik Emma Challice''' ([[1821]]-[[1875]]), author of tales and historical sketches, 1847-73: nV Armstrong; married John Ohallicc
John Challice: '''John Challice''' ([[1815]]-[[1863]]), physician; M.I). Edinburgh: medical officer of health at Batternea; published tracts on sanitary questions, 1848-56.
Mrs Challinor: '''Mrs Challinor''' . HANNAH (. [[1670]]). See
Woollky: '''Woollky'''
James Challis: '''James Challis''' ([[1803]]-[[1882]]), astronomer ; entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1821; senior wrangler, 1825; fellow, 1826-31: rector of Papworth Everard, Cambridgeshire, 1830-52; Plumiau professor of astronomy, 1836-82; director of Cambridge observatory, 1836-61: observed Neptune, without knowing it, 4 Aug. 1846; published 'Astronomical Observations made at... Cambridge 1832-64: published his theory of physical forces, 1869: published his astronomical lectures, 1879; wrote on scriptural and educational topics.
Richard Challoner: '''Richard Challoner''' ([[1691]]-[[1781]]), Roman catholic prelate: son of a Sussex dissenter; befriended by Roman catholic squires; studied at Douay, 1704; priest, 1716; B.D., 1719; D.D., 1727; professor of philosophy, 1713-20; vice-president and professor of divinity, 17201730; mlssloner In London, 1730; entered into controversy with Bishop Conyers Middleton, 1737; titular bishop of Debra and coadjutor in London, 1741; bishop in charge of the London district, 1758-81; published Memoirs of... Priests... that have suffered Death in England, 1577-1684 1741-2,Britannia Sancta; Lives of... Sainte 1745, the bible in English for Roman catholics, 1749-50, and numerous devotional and controversial tracts, 1706-67.
Alexander Chalmers: '''Alexander Chalmers''' ([[1759]]-[[1834]]), miscellaneous writer; son of a printer; educated at Aberdeen; M.A.; journalist in London, 1777-1834; F.S.A., 1805; a voluminous editor of English prose-writers and poets;; author of biographies; published History of the Colleges of Oxford 1810, andThe General Biographical Dictionary 1812-17.
Chalmers: '''Chalmers''' or CHAMBERS, DAVID ([[1530]] 7-[[1592]]).
Sir George Chalmers: '''Sir George Chalmers''' (d. [[1791]]), portraitpainter; born in Edinburgh of a family which had lost estates by forfeiture; travelled; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1775-90.
George Chalmers: '''George Chalmers''' ([[1742]]-[[1825]]), Scottish antiquary; educated at Aberdeen and Edinburgh; emigrated; lawyer at Baltimore; settled in London, 1775; published pamphlets on the American colonies, 1777-82; government clerk, 1786: published biographies of De Foe and Tom Paine; edited Scottish poets and wrote numerous Scottish biographies; his chief work, Caledonia: an account of... North Britain 1807-24.
George Paul Chalmers: '''George Paul Chalmers''' ([[1836]]-[[1878]]), painter ; a shopman; studied art at Edinburgh; exhibited in London, 1863-76; murdered by thieves in Edinburgh.
James Chalmers: '''James Chalmers''' ([[1782]]-[[1853]]), post-office reformer; bookseller and newspaper publisher in Dundee; advocated accelerated mail service, 1825; suggested an adhesive stamp, 1834; promulgated this plan, 1837.
Sir John Chalmers: '''Sir John Chalmers''' ([[1756]]-[[1818]]), major-general ; ensign in Madras, 1775; lieutenant, 1780; defended Coimbatoor, June-November 1791; captain, 1792; majorgeneral, 1812; K.O.B., 1814; held command In India, 1803-18; died at sea.
Patrick Chalmers: '''Patrick Chalmers''' ([[1802]]-[[1854]]), Scottish antiquary; of Queen's College, Oxford, 1818; captain of dragoons; retired to Anldbar, 1826; M.P. for Montrose burghs, 1836-42; published antiquarian papers; author of Ancient Sculptured Monuments... of Angus 1848; died at Rome.
Thomas Chalmers: '''Thomas Chalmers''' ([[1780]]-[[1847]]), theologian; educated at St. Andrews; minister of Kilmeny, Fife, 1803-16; lectured on chemistry at St. Andrews; minister of Tron parish, Glasgow, 1816-90, and of St. John's, Glasgow, 1820-3; D.D. Glasgow, 1816; visited London, 1817; professor of moral philosophy, St. Andrews, 1823-8,- professor of divinity, Edinburgh, 1828-43; lectured in London, 1838; an active pioneer of the movement which led to the disruption of the Scottish Established church and to the formation of the Free church, 1843; devised the sustentation fund of the newly founded Free church; principal and divinity professor of the Free Church College, Edinburgh, 1843-7; advocated home missions; author of theological, philosophical, expository, and devotional treatises, from 1813.
Chalmers: '''Chalmers''' W. A. ( f. [[1798]]), water-colour painter ; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1790-8.
Sir William Chalmers: '''Sir William Chalmers''' ([[1787]]-[[1860]]), lieutenantgeneral; lieutenant, 1803; served in Sicily, 1806-7; captain, 1807; served in Portugal, 1808, at Walcheren, 1809, in the Peninsula, 1810-13, in Belgium, 1816, at Waterloo, 1815, and in France, 1815-17; major-general, 1846; knighted, 1848; lieutenant-general, 1854.

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Alfred Edward Chalon: '''Alfred Edward Chalon''' ([[1780]]-[[1860]]), portrait and subject painter; born in Geneva; studied art in London, 1797; exhibited, 1810-57.
John James Chalon: '''John James Chalon''' ([[1778]]-[[1854]]), landscape and genre painter; born in Geneva; studied art in London, 1796; exhibited, 1806-44.
James Chaloner: '''James Chaloner''' ([[1603]]-[[1660]]), regicide ; fourth son of Sir Thomas Chaloner the younger; of Brasenose College, Oxford, 1617; of the Middle Temple, 1619; M.P., Aldborough, Yorkshire, 1645-53; parliamentary commissioner in the Isle of Man, 1652; governor of Man, 1658; imprisoned by the army in Peel Castle, 1659.
Richard Chaloner: '''Richard Chaloner''' (d. [[1643]]), linendraper, of London; hanged for share In Edmund Waller's royalist plot, 1643.
Sir Thomas Chaloner: '''Sir Thomas Chaloner''' , the elder ([[1521]]-[[1565]]), diplomatist; son of a London mercer; attached to the embassy to Spain, 1540-1; clerk to the privy council; served in Scotland and was knighted, 1547; granted Guisborough priory lands, Yorkshire, 1550, Steeple Claydon, Buckinghamshire, 1557, and other lands, 1553-61; envoy to Scotland, 1551-2, to France, 1653, to Scotland, 1556, to the emperor, 1559, the Spanish Netherlands, 1559-60, and Spain, 1561-4; wrote Latin verses (published, 1579); published translations from the Latin.
Sir Thomas Chaloner: '''Sir Thomas Chaloner''' , the younger ([[1561]]-[[1615]]), naturalist; only son of Sir Thomas Chaloner the elder ; entered Magdalen College, Oxford, 1579; B.A. Magdalen Hall, 1582; travelled, 1580; served in France and was knighted, 1591; in Italy, 1596-7; opened alum mines on his Yorkshire estate, 1600; envoy to Scotland; accompanied James VI of Scotland to England; governor of Prince Henry, 1603, and his chamberlain, 1610; benefactor of St. BeesSchool.
Thomas Chaloner: '''Thomas Chaloner''' ([[1596]]-[[1661]]), regicide ; third son of Sir Thomas Ohaloner the younger; of Exeter College, Oxford, 1611; travelled; incensed with Charles I for confiscating his Yorkshire alum mines; M.P. for Richmond, Yorkshire, 1645-53; commissioner in Munster, 1647; one of Charles I's judges; councillor of state, 1651; M.P., Scarborough, 1659; excluded from pardon, 1660; died in Holland.
Chamber: '''Chamber''' or CHAMBERLAYNE, JOHN A (d. 1489), rebel; knight of influence in the north of England; hanged at York for spreading agitation in the north against payment of a subsidy to Henry VII.
John Chamber: '''John Chamber''' ([[1470]]-[[1549]]).
John Chamber: '''John Chamber''' ([[1546]]-[[1604]]), astronomer; B.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1668: fellow, 1669; M.A., 1573; studied medicine; fellow of Eton, 1682; canon of Windsor, 1601; wrote against astrology, 1601.
Chamberlain: '''Chamberlain''' See also OHAMBERLAINE, CHAM
Ohamberlayne Berlane: '''Ohamberlayne Berlane''' , OHAMBKRLEN, and OUAHBERUN.
Chamberlain: '''Chamberlain''' or CHAMBERLATNE, GEORGE (1676-1634), bishop of Ypres; of the Shirburn family; born at Ghent; educated at Rome; dean of St. Bavon, Ghent; bishop of Ypres, 1626-34.
John Chamberlain: '''John Chamberlain''' ([[1553]]-[[1627]]), letter-writer ; born in London; entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1670; resided in or near London. His letters date from 1598 to 1626.
Chamberlain: '''Chamberlain'''
Chambers: '''Chambers'''
John Henry Chamberlain: '''John Henry Chamberlain''' ([[1831]]-[[1883]]), architect;.-MI lit* 1 architecture in offices in Leicester and London vi.-i t 1 Italy: much employed in Birmingham and district Iroin I*.V; patron of the Birmingham school of art and other educational institutions.
Chamberlain: '''Chamberlain''' or CHAMBERLAYNE, Sm
Leonard: '''Leonard''' (d. [[1561]]), governor of Guernsey; son of Sir Edward (hamberlayne (1484 V- 1543 V): keeper of Woodstock Park, 1543; obtained grants of church-lands, 1643: sheriff of Oxfordshire:ind Berkshire, 1647 and 1562; knighted, 1553; an officer of the Tower, 1649-53; M.P. for Scarborough, 1553, and for Oxfordshire, 1554: governor of Guernsey, 1553-61.
Robert Chamberlain: '''Robert Chamberlain''' (fl. [[1640]]-[[1660]]), poet; a barrister's clerk; entered Exeter College, Oxford, 1637; published apophthegms and verses, 1638, a comedy entitlfd The Swaggering Damsell and jests, 1640.
Robert Chamberlain: '''Robert Chamberlain''' (Jl. [[1678]]), arithmetician; accountant, of London; published The Accomptant's Guide andA Plaine... Explanation of... Arithmetick 1679.
Robert Chamberlain: '''Robert Chamberlain''' (. [[1798]]?), ceramist; employed at the Worcester porcelain works, 1751-83; started business as Chamberlain & Sou, Worcester, 1786.
Chamberlain: '''Chamberlain''' or CHAMBEELAYNE, THOMAS (d. 11525), judge; barrister of Gray's Inn, 1585; serjeantat-law. 1614; knighted; a judge in North Wales, 1615; chief- justice of Chester, 1616-20; justice of the king's bench, 1620-4: temporary justice of the common pleas, 1625; chief-justice of Chester, 1624-5.
William Chamberlain: '''William Chamberlain''' (d. [[1807]]), portrait and animal painter; a Londoner; pupil of John Opie; exhibited, 1794-1802.
John Chamberlaine: '''John Chamberlaine''' ([[1745]]-[[1812]]), antiquary: keeper of the king's drawings, 1791; edited reproductions of drawings in the royal collection, 1792-1812.

[edit] Section 253

Robert Chamberlane: '''Robert Chamberlane''' (d. [[1638]]), theologian ; an Irishman; educated at Salamanca; Franciscan lecturer at Louvain; wrote theological tracts. x. 7j
Chamberlayne: '''Chamberlayne''' Sm EDWARD ([[1470]]-[[1541]]), of Geddiug, Suffolk; succeeded to his maternal estates, 1522.
Chamberlayne: '''Chamberlayne''' Sm EDWARD ([[1484]] ?-[[1543]] ?), of Shirburn Castle, Oxfordshire; succeeded to his estates, 1497; keeper of Woodstock Park, 1508; served against France, 1512-14 and 1522; sheriff of Oxfordshire and Berkshire, 1518; accompanied Henry VIII to France, 1620: M.P., Wallingford, 1529; attendant on Catherine of Arragon at Kimbolton, 1533-6.
Edward Chamberlayne: '''Edward Chamberlayne''' ([[1616]]-[[1703]]), author ; of Odington, Gloucestershire; M.A. St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1641; travelled, 1642-60; LL.D. Cambridge, 1671; D.O.L. Oxford, 1672; tutor to the Duke of Grafton, 1679, and to Prince George of Denmark; published 4 Angliae Notitiae, or the Present State of England 1669 (20th edition, 1702); published other pamphlets and translations,
Chamberlayne: '''Chamberlayne''' Sm JAMES (d. [[1699]]), third baronet, of Wickham, Oxfordshire; published sacred poems, 1680-1.
John Chamberlayne: '''John Chamberlayne''' ([[1666]]-[[1723]]), miscellaneous writer; younger son of Edward Chamberlayne (1616-1703); educated at Oxford, 1685, and Leyden, 1688; usher to Queen Anne and George I; F.R.S., 1702; published a tract onCoffee, Tea, and Chocolate 1685; translated from French, Italian, and Dutch; continued his father's Present State of England; published 'Oratio Dominica the Lord's prayer in various languages, 1715.
William Chamberlayne: '''William Chamberlayne''' ([[1619]]-[[1689]]), poet; physician at Shaf tesbury, Dorset; published a play, entitledLove's Victory 1658, an epic poem entitled Pharonnida 1659, and congratulatory verses to Charles II, 1660.
Hugh Chamberlen: '''Hugh Chamberlen''' , the elder (.f. [[1720]]), manmidwife and projector; eldest son of Peter Chamberlen (1601-1683); accoucheur in London; translated Franco! * Maurieeau's text-book of midwifery, 1672; court physician, 1673; F.R.S., 1681; published Mauuale Medicum 1685; prosecuted for practising medicine without (nullification, 1688; too late to witness the birth of the Prince of Wales, lf88; published bank scheme, 1690, and plan for paying doctors out of the taxes, 1694; withdiv.v to Scotland, Itlit; renewed his bank scheme there, 1700; published in favour of the union, 7(2; withdrew to Amsterdam: communicated the use of the midwifery forceps to Hendrik van Hoonhuisen.
Hugh Chamberlen: '''Hugh Chamberlen''' , the younger ([[1664]]-[[1728]]), physician; eldest son of Hugh Chamberleu the elder ; educated at Cambridge and Leyden; M.D.Cambridge, 1689; a fashionable London physician and accoucheur,
Paul Chamberlen: '''Paul Chamberlen''' ([[1635]]-[[1717]]), empiric: second son of Peter Chamberlen (1601-1683); accoucheur in London; invented Anodyne Necklace an amulet for children teething and women in labour, recommending it in pamphlets.
Peter Chamberlen: '''Peter Chamberlen''' , the younger ([[1672]]-[[1626]]), surgeon; younger brother of Peter Chamlerlen the elder ; born at Southampton; surgeon and accoucheur in London, 1600; prosecuted for practising medicine without qualification; advocated incorporation of London midwives, 1616.
Peter Chamberlen: '''Peter Chamberlen''' , the elder (. [[1631]]), surgeon; son of a Paris surgeon and protestant refugee; accoucheur at Southampton; learnt the use of the forceps in midwifery and made it a family secret; came to London, 1596; court accoucheur; prosecuted for practising medicine without qualification, 1612.
Peter Chamberlen: '''Peter Chamberlen''' ([[1601]]-[[1683]]), physician and projector; son of Peter Ohamberlen the younger; educated at Merchant TaylorsSchool and Cambridge; M.D. Padua, 1619; used the midwifery forceps, the family secret: F.R.C.P., 1628-49; advocated incorporation of London midwives, 1634; advocated public baths, 1648; for some time an anabaptist; physician to Charles II, 1660; published theological and other pamphlets.
Mason Chamberlin: '''Mason Chamberlin''' (d. [[1787]]), portrait painter ; originally a merchant's clerk; exhibited in London, 17601787.
David Chambers: '''David Chambers''' , LORD ORMOND ([[1530]] ?-[[1592]]), Scottish judge; educated at Aberdeen; studied theology and law in France and Italy; parson of Buddy; chancellor of Ross; lord of session, with style of Lord Ormond, 1566; partisan of Mary Queen of Scots; privy to Darnley's murder, 1567; attended Mary Queen of Scots at Langside, 1568; attainted, 1568; withdrew to Spain and France; published, 1579, Abbrege des Histoires... a chronological summary of European history, with an appendix on Scotland: returned to Scotland, c. 1582; his attainder reversed, 1584; lord of session, 1586-92.
Ephraim Chambers: '''Ephraim Chambers''' (d. [[1740]]), encyclopaxiist : apprenticed to a London map-maker; published his Cyclopaedia, or... Dictionary of Arts and Sciences 1728 (two volumes folio); visited France; translated French scientific treatises.
George Chambers: '''George Chambers''' ([[1803]]-[[1840]]), marine painter, went to sea, 1813; visited the Baltic and Mediterranean; house-painter at Whitby; scene-painter in London; exhibited pictures of naval battles.
John Chambers: '''John Chambers''' (d. [[1556]]), first bishop of Peterborough; Benedictine monk at Peterborough; studied at Oxford and Cambridge; M.A. Cambridge, 1505; abbot of Peterborough, 1528; entertained Wolsey, 1630; surrendered Peterborough Abbey to the king, 1639; B.D. Cambridge, 1539; king's chaplain; bishop of Peterborough, 1541-56.
John Chambers: '''John Chambers''' ([[1780]]-[[1839]]), topographer ; trained as an architect; of ample private means; resided at Worcester, afterwards at Norwich; published histories of Worcestershire, 1819-20, and Norfolk, 1829.
John Charles Chambees: '''John Charles Chambees''' ([[1817]]-[[1874]]), warden of the House of Charity; eldest sou of John Chambers (1780-1839); educated at Norwich school and Emmanuel College, Cambridge; M.A., 1843, curate of Sedbergh, Yorkshire, 1842; Anglican clergyman at Perth, 1846-55: vicar of St. Mary's, Soho, and warden of the 'House of Charity Soho, 1866-74; published sermons.
Chambers: '''Chambers''' 224
Chancy: '''Chancy'''
John Graham Chambers: '''John Graham Chambers''' ([[1843]]-[[1883]]), athlete ami journalist: nt Eton, 1856; B.A. Trinity College, Cambri'1.v. 1;.":;i university nthletc and oarsnmn: patron of athletics: contributor to the Standard; editor of Land ami Water 1871-83.
Richard Chambers: '''Richard Chambers''' ( 1 [[588]] ?-[[1658]]), London merchant: opposed levy of tonnage and poundage without junction of parliament, 1628; illegally imprisoned by the king, 1629-36: again imprisoned for resisting ship-money, 1836: voted compensation by parliament, but was never paid; alderman of London, 1642-9: surveyor of customs, London, 1648-9; imprisoned for refusing to recognise the Commonwealth, 1649-51; died poor.
Robert Chambers: '''Robert Chambers''' ([[1671]]-[[1624]]?), Roman catholic priest; born in Yorkshire; at Rheims, 1682; at Rome, 1593: confessor at Brussels, 1599-1623; died in England; published devotional tracts.

[edit] Section 254

Sir Robert Chambers: '''Sir Robert Chambers''' ([[1737]]-[[1803]]), Indian judge ; exhibitioner of Lincoln College, 1754, and fellow of University College, Oxford, 1761; B.O.L., 1766; Vinerian professor of law, 1762-77; friend of Dr. Samuel Johnson, 1766: principal of New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1766-1803; a judge of the supreme court of Bengal, 1774; showed great weakness in the trial of Nuucomar, 1776; knighted, 1778; chief-justice in Bengal, 1789-99; died in Paris. His collection of Sanskrit MSS. is now at Berlin,
Robert Chambers: '''Robert Chambers''' ([[1802]]-[[1871]]), publisher and author: educated at Peebles and in Edinburgh till 1816; clerk; opened bookstall, e. 1818: founded with his brother the publishing firm of W. fc R. Chambers, Edinburgh; attracted notice by his Traditions of Edinburgh 1823; wrote and issued a multitude of books on Scottish history, biography, and literature, 1824-67; establishedChambers's Journal 1832; wrote and published, anonymously, 1 Vestiges of Creation 1844; hon. LL.D. St. Andrews, 1861: compiled Book of Days an antiquarian miscellany, 1862-4.
Robert Chambers: '''Robert Chambers''' ([[1832]]-[[1888]]), publisher; son of Robert Chambers (1802-1871); editor of Chambers's Journal 1874; took active part in production of 4 Ohambers's Encyclopaedia 1859-68.
Sabine Chambers: '''Sabine Chambers''' ([[1560]] 9-[[1633]]), Jesuit ; born in Leicestershire; M.A. Broadgates Hall, Oxford, 1583; joined Jesuits at Paris, 1587: theological lecturer at Dole: missioner in London, 1609-33; published devotional tracts.
Sir Thomas Chambers: '''Sir Thomas Chambers''' ([[1814]]-[[1891]]), recorder of London; LL.B. Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1K46; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1840; bencher, 1861; treasurer, 1872; Q.O., 1861; common serjeant, 1857; recorder of city of London, 1878; knighted, 1872; liberal M.P. for Hertford, 1852-7, and for Marylebone, 1865-85; published legal writings.
Chambers: '''Chambers''' 8m WILLIAM ([[1726]]-[[1796]]), architect ; son of a Scottish merchant at Stockholm; supercargo on a Swedish ship sailing to China, 1742-4; studied architecture in Italy and Paris; settled as architect in London, 1765; employed at Kew Gardens, 1757-62; published 1 Treatise of Civil Architecture 1759; a Swedish knight, 1771; satirised for his ideas on Chinese gardening, 1772; designed Somerset House, 1775.
William Chambers: '''William Chambers''' ([[1800]]-[[1883]]), publisher and author; apprenticed to an Edinburgh bookseller, 1814; opened bookstall, 1819; joined with his brother Robert Chambers (1802-1871) in founding the publishing house of W. & R. Chambers, Edinburgh; issued a multitude of cheap educational works; issued Cbambers's Encyclopaedia 1859; published notes of travel, tales, tc.; lord provost of Edinburgh, 1866-9; hon. LL.D. Edinburgh, 1872; presented a public library to Peebles; restored 8k Giles's, Edinburgh.
William Frederick Chambers: '''William Frederick Chambers''' ([[1786]]-[[1855]]), physician; born in India; came to England, 1 793; educated at Westminster School; M.A. Cambridge, 1811; M.D. Cambridge, 1818; studied medicine in London and Edinburgh; physician to St. George's Hospital, London, 1816-39; an eminent consulting physician; retired, 1848.
Sih Alan Chambre: '''Sih Alan Chambre''' ([[1739]]-[[1823]]), judge; barrister, of Gray's Inn, 1767: recorder of Lancaster, 1796: serjeant-at-law, 1799; baron of the exchequer, 1799; justice of the common pleas, 1800-15.
John Chambue: '''John Chambue''' ([[1470]]-[[1549]]), physician ; fellow of Merton College, Oxford, 1492: M.D. Padua, 1506; physician to Henry VII and Henry VIII: an original member of the College of Physicians, 1518; rector of Tichmarsh, Northamptonshire, 149U, of Great Bowden, Leicestershire, 1508, and of Aller, Somerset, 1622-49: prebendary of Lincoln, 1494-1649; warden of Merton College, 1525-44; dean of St. Stephen's, Westminster; M.D. Oxford, 1531.
William Dr Chambre: '''William Dr Chambre''' (ft. [[1365]]?), probable author of a Latin biography of Bishop Richard de Bury. ml of Dr.
Anthony Chamier: '''Anthony Chamier''' ([[1725]]-[[1780]]), frien Samuel Johnson; born in London; of French extraction; government official: deputy secretary at war, 1772; under-secretary of state, 1775; M.P., Tamworth, 1778.
Frederick Chamier: '''Frederick Chamier''' ([[1796]]-[[1870]]), novelist; entered navy, 1809; lieutenant, 1816; served, chiefly in Mediterranean, 1810-27; captain, 1856; published nautical novels, 1832-41, a continuation of James'sNaval History 1837, and notes of travel, 1849-55.
Ain Champ: '''Ain Champ''' , SIR JOHN UNDERWOOD BATEMAN (1835-1887).
Anthony Champion: '''Anthony Champion''' ([[1725]]-[[1801]]), poet: educated at Eton, 1739, and Oxford, 1743; barrister of the Middle Temple; M.P. for St. Germans, 1754, and for Liskeard, 1761-8; wrote verses.
John George Champion: '''John George Champion''' ([[1815]] ?-[[1854]]), botanist : ensign, 1831; served in the Ionian islands, Ceylon, and (1847-50) Hongkong; brought plants to England, 1850, and gave them to Kew herbarium; wounded at Inkermann, 1854; lieutenant-colonel; died at Scutari,
Joseph Champion: '''Joseph Champion''' (. [[1762]]), calligrapher ; pupil of Charles Snell, penman; schoolmaster in London: published text-books of arithmetic and penmanship, 1733-62.
Richard Champion: '''Richard Champion''' ([[1743]]-[[1791]]), ceramist; merchant's clerk in Bristol, 1762; commenced making china, 1768; manager of William Cookworthy's Bristol china works. 1770; carried on the works in his own name, 1773-81; a friend of Edmund Burke; government official, 1782-4; emigrated to Carolina.
Thomas Champion: '''Thomas Champion''' (d. [[1619]]).
Anthony Champney: '''Anthony Champney''' ([[1569]] ?-[[1643]] ?), controversialist; born in Yorkshire; studied at Rheims, 1590, and Rome, 1593: D.D. and fellow of the Sorbonne, Paris; vice-president and divinity lecturer at Douay, 1619-26; confessor at Brussels, 1626; returned to Douay, 1628; missioner In England; published controversial tracts, 1601-23; wrote against the validity of Anglican orders, 1616.
Champney: '''Champney''' 8, JOHN (ft. [[1548]]), a London layman ; prosecuted by Archbishop Craumer for Calvlnlstlc opinions expressed in his published works.
John Champneys: '''John Champneys''' (rf. [[1556]]), lord mayor of London; skinner, of London; lord mayor, 1534; knighted; became blind.
William Weldon Champneys: '''William Weldon Champneys''' ([[1807]]-[[1875]]), dean of Lichfteld; entered Brasenose College, Oxford, 1824; M.A. and fellow, 1831; curate of St. Ebbe's, Oxford, 1831; rector of St. Mary's, Whltechapel, London, 1837-60; canon of St. Paul's, 1861: rector of St. Pancras, London, 1860: dean of Lichfleld, 1868-75; published sermons and religious biographies.
Richard Chancellor: '''Richard Chancellor''' (d. [[1556]]), navigator; sailed to the Levant, 1550; given command of a ship in Sir Hugh Willoughby's expedition to discover a north-east passage to India, 1558; reached Archangel; visited the Russian court at Moscow; sailed back from Archangel, 1564; revisited Archangel and Moscow, 1555; wrecked on the Aberdeenshire coast on his return.
Chancy: '''Chancy''' or CHAWNEY, MAURICE (d. [[1581]]).

[edit] Section 255

Chandler: '''Chandler''' 225
Chapman: '''Chapman'''
Anne Chandler: '''Anne Chandler''' ([[1740]]-[[1814]]).
Hkn Chandler: '''Hkn Chandler''' .JAMIN ([[1737]]-[[1786]]), surgeon; practiced medicine at Canterbury; wrote onInoculation, 1 1767, aud Apoplexies 17H5.
Edwakd Chandler: '''Edwakd Chandler''' ([[1668]] ?-[[1750]]), bishop of Durham; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1693; DD 1701- prebendary of Lichtield, 1697, Salisbury, 1703, and Worcester, 1706; bishop of Lichfleld, 1717; bishop of Durham, 1730-50; published sermous and controversial trea
Hknky William Chandler: '''Hknky William Chandler''' ([[1828]]-[[1889]]), scholar; B.A. Pembroke College, Oxford, 1852; fellow, 1853; M.A., 1865; Wayutiete professor of moral and ini'taphv.-iral philosophy, 1867-89; curator of Bodleian Library, 1884. Mis works include Practical Introduction t linrk Accentuation 1864, and catalogue of (1868) and i-hnmologicul index to (1878) editions of Aristotle's N icoinachean Ethics
Johanna Chandler: '''Johanna Chandler''' ([[1820]]-[[1875]]), philanthropist ; sold work and collected subscriptions, 1856-9, to found a hospital for paralytics in London.
John Chandler: '''John Chandler''' ([[1700]]-[[1780]]), apothecary ; published medical tracts, 1729-61.
Chandler: '''Chandler''' J. W. (rf. [[1805]] ?), portrait painter ; exhibited in London, 1787-91; removed to Aberdeenshire, 1800, and Edinburgh; died insane, e. 1805.
Maby Chandler: '''Maby Chandler''' ([[1687]]-[[1745]]), writer of a metrical Description o Bath(sixth edition, 1744); shopkeeper in Bath, 1705-44.
Richard Chandler: '''Richard Chandler''' (rf. [[1744]]), printer and bookseller; in partnership with Caesar Ward in London, York, and Scarborough, published The History... of the House of Commons.. to 1743 (fourteen volumes), 1742-4; failed; committed suicide.
Richard Chandler: '''Richard Chandler''' ([[1738]]-[[1810]]), classical antiquary and traveller; educated at Winchester; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1757, and fellow, 1770; M.A., 1761; D.D., 1773; published fragments of the Greek lyriste, 1759, and Marmora Oxoniensia 1763; travelled, for the Dilettanti Society, in Asia Minor and Greece, 1764-6; published his results in Ionian Antiquities 1769, Inscriptiones Antiquae 1774, and Travels 1775-6; vicar of East Worldham, Hampshire, 1779, and of Tilehurst, Berkshire, 1800-10; travelled in Switzerland and Italy, 1785-7; publishal History of Ilium 1802; wrote 'The Life of (bishop) Waynflete(published 1811).
Samuel Chandler: '''Samuel Chandler''' ([[1693]]-[[1766]]), theologian; educated at Gloucester and Leyden; minister of a presbyterian congregation at Peckham, 1716; bookseller; nonconformist minister at the Old Jewry, 1726-66; hon. D.D. Edinburgh; published pamphlets against deism, 1725-62, and against Roman Catholicism, 1732-45, as well as other controversial tracts and sermons.
Chandler: '''Chandler''' or CHATTNDLER, THOMAS ([[1418]]?1490).
Duke of Chandos: '''Duke of Chandos''' ([[1673]]-[[1744]]). See BRYDOES, J M:.-.
Barons Chandos: '''Barons Chandos''' . See BRYDGES, SIR JOHN, first
Baron: '''Baron''' [[1490]] ?-l[[556]] ; BRYDGES, GRKY, fifth BARON, [[1579]] ?1621; BRYDGES, GEORGE, sixth BARON, rf. 1655.
Sir John Chandos: '''Sir John Chandos''' (rf. [[1370]]), soldier : present at the siege of Cambrai, 1337, and the battle of Crecy, 1346; K.G., c. 1349; saved the Black Prince's life at Poitiers, 1356; granted lands in Lincolnshire and the Coutantin; Edward Ill's lieutenant in France, 1360; constable of Guiciinc, 1362; won the battle of Auray, Brittany, 1364; fought at Navarette, Spain, 1367; withdrew from Gtiiennc, 1368: recalled, 1368; seneschal of Poitiers, 1369; died of his wounds at Mortemer.
Sir John Chandos: '''Sir John Chandos''' (rf. [[1428]]), of Herefordshire.
Sir William Pry Channell: '''Sir William Pry Channell''' ([[1804]]-[[1873]]), judge; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1827; serjeant-atlaw, 1840; baron of the exchequer, 1857; knighted, June 1867.
Sir Francis Legatt Chantrey: '''Sir Francis Legatt Chantrey''' ([[1781]]-[[1842]]), sculptor; sou of a carpenter; grocer'a boy in Sheffield; apprentice to a Sheffield wool-carver, 1797-1802; learned drawing, stonirarviyii:,:uul painting in oil; portrait painter in Sheffield, 102, and continued his visits there till 1808; resided chiefly in London from 1802, studying art, painting portraits, and practising wood-carving: exhibited pictures at the Royal Academy, 1804-7; worked chiefly at statuary from 1804; exhibited statues, 1809; paid by George IV three hundred guineas for his bust, 1822; knighted, 1835; bequeathed hia property to the Royal Academy.
Sir Joseph Adolphe Chapleatt: '''Sir Joseph Adolphe Chapleatt''' ([[1840]]-[[1898]]), Canadian statesman; born at Sainte Therese de Blainville, in province of Quebec; called to bar of Lower Canada, 1861; Q.C., 1873; conservative member for county of Terrebonne in provincial parliament, 1867-82, and in Canadian House of Commons, 1882-92; solicitorgeneral, 1873-4; premier and minister of agriculture and public works, 1879; secretary of state for Canada, registrar-general and privy councillor, 1882; lieutenantgovernor of Quebec, 1892; K.C.M.G., 1896.
Edmund Chapman: '''Edmund Chapman''' (fl. [[1733]]). surgeon ; a country accoucheur, 1708; practitioner in London, 1733; published a treatise on midwifery.
Frederic Chapman: '''Frederic Chapman''' ([[1823]]-[[1896]]), publisher ; entered, 1834, house of Chapman & Hall; partner, 1847, and head of firm, 1864; purchased (1870) copyright of Dickens's works, many of which the firm had published; projected and published Fortnightly Review 1865; published works for the Brownings, Lord Lytton, Trollope, and Mr. George Meredith.
Sir Frederick Edward Chapman: '''Sir Frederick Edward Chapman''' ([[1815]]1893), general; educated at Royal Military Academy, Woolwich; second lieutenant, royal engineers, 1835; lieutenant-colonel, 1859; lieutenant-general and colonelcommandant, 1872; general, 1877; made survey for defences of Dardanelles, 1864; directed operations during latter part of siege of Sebastopol; C.B., 1856; K.C.B., 1867; governor and commander-in-chief of Bermudas, 1867-70; inspector-general of fortifications and director of works at war office, 1870-5; G.C.B., 1877.

[edit] Section 256

George Chapman: '''George Chapman''' ([[1559]] ?-[[1634]]), poet ; nothing known of his education; published "The Shadow of Night(hymns), 1594, and Quid's Banquet of Sence and other poems, 1595; completed Marlowe's Hero and Leauder 1598: said to have been imprisoned for satirising James I's Scottish followers, 1605; mentioned by the poet John Da vies of Hereford as having lived in his later days in straitened circumstances; contributed to plays by Ben Jonsou and Shirley. Chapman's first known play, The Blind Beggar of Alexandria appeared 1596, and was printed in 1698; the comedies All Fools (printed 1605) and An Humerous dayes Myrth belong to 1599, as also other plays now lost. The bulk of his dramas appeared between 1606 and 1612. Chapman published a specimen of his rhyming fourteen-syllable version of the Iliad in 1598, and the whole 4 Iliad in 1611, adding the Odyssey (rhyming ten-syllable) in 1614, and the hymns Ac. in 1624. Translations by him from Petrarch appeared in 1612, from Musaeus in 1616, Hesiod'sGeorgicks in 1618, and a satire of Juvenal in 1629. He wrote also copies of verses for his friendsbooks, court poems, and a masque (1614). His collected works appeared in 1873-5.
George Chapman: '''George Chapman''' ([[1723]]-[[1806]]), author of tracts on education; M.A. Aberdeen, 1741, and LL.D.; taught school in Dalkeith, 1747, Dumfries, 1751-74, and Banff; was afterwards a printer in Edinburgh.
Henry Samuel Chapman: '''Henry Samuel Chapman''' ([[1803]]-[[1881]]), colonial judge; emigrated to Canada, 1823; newspaper editor in Montreal, 1833-4; barrister of the Middle Temple, 1840: judge in New Zealand, 1842-62; barrister and member of the legislature at Melbourne, 1854-65; judge in New Zealand, 1865-77; died at Dune-din; wrote on legal and economical topics.
John Chapman: '''John Chapman''' ([[1704]]-[[1784]]), divine ; educated at Eton; fellow of King's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1731; D.D. Oxford, 1741, rector of Smeeth, Kent, 1739, ami of Saltwood, 1789-41, and of Mersham, 1744; archdeacon of Sudbury; presented himself to the precentorship of Lincoln, but was ejected, 1760; wrote on classical antiquities and controversial divinity.
Chapman: '''Chapman'''
Charles: '''Charles''' I
John Chapman: '''John Chapman''' ([[1801]]-[[1854]]), political writer: bred as a clockumker at Loughborough, Leicestershire; joiiieU baptists, 1822; opeued factory (or spinning machinery, 1822; failed iu business", 1834; withdrew to London; edited the Mechanic's Magazine; patented improvement on the IwiiMmi cab, 1836; wrote much for the newspapers; projected railway and irrigation schemes in India; published several treatises on Indian finance and administration.
John Chapman: '''John Chapman''' ([[1822]]-[[1894]]), physician, author and publisher; apprenticed as watchmaker at Works-op, and was In business in Adelaide; studied medicine in Paris and at St. George's Hospital, London; publisher and bookseller in London; editor and proprietor of Westminster Review 1851; graduated in medicine at St. Andrews, 1857, and practised as physician; wrote medical and other works.
Mary Francis Chapman: '''Mary Francis Chapman''' ([[1838]]-[[1884]]), novelist: published Mary Bertrand 1856, and other novels, under the pseudonym J. 0. Ayrton. Her last novel,The Gift of the Gods (1879), appeared under her own name. 76
Sir Stephen Remnant Chapman: '''Sir Stephen Remnant Chapman''' ([[1776]]-[[1851]]), military engineer; educated at Woolwich; entered royal engineers, 1793; captain, 1805; served in Holland, 1799, Denmark, 1807, and Portugal, 1809; secretary to the master-general of the ordnance, 1810-25; lieuteuantcolonel, 1812; secretary at Gibraltar, 1825-31; knighted, 1831; governor of the Bermudas, 1831-9; lieutenantgeneral, 1846.
Thomas Chapman: '''Thomas Chapman''' ([[1717]]-[[1760]]), ecclesiastic ; fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge; master of Magdalene College, Cambridge, 1746; D.D., 1749; rector of Kirkbyover-Blow, Yorkshire, 1749; prebendary of Durham, 1750; published a classical tract.
Walter Chapman: '''Walter Chapman''' ([[1473]] ?-[[1538]] ?). See OIIEPAV.
William Chapman: '''William Chapman''' ([[1749]]-[[1832]]), engineer ; constructed canals in Ireland, and docks in England and Scotland; wrote on canal navigation and the corn laws.
Hester Chapone: '''Hester Chapone''' ([[1727]]-[[1801]]), essayist; nte Mulso; married (1760) one Chapone(d. 1761), an attorney; friend of Samuel Richardson; published verses and tales, 1750-3, and essays, 1773-7. Her Works and Posthumous Works appeared hi 1807.
William Chappell: '''William Chappell''' ([[1582]]-[[1649]]), bishop of Cork ; of Christ's College, Cambridge, 1599; fellow, 1607; for some time college tutor of John Milton: patronised by William Laud; dean of Oashel, 1633; provost of Trinity College, Dublin, 1637-40; treasurer of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1636-8; bishop of Cork and Ross, 1638; imprisoned at Dublin, 1641, and at Teuby, Pembrokeshire, 1642; withdrew to Nottinghamshire.
William Ohappell: '''William Ohappell''' ([[1809]]-[[1888]]), musical antiquary; managed, 1834-43, music publishing business, of which his father, Samuel Chappell (d. 1834), had become sole partner, 1826; publishedCollection of National English Airs 1838; F.S.A., 1840; one of founders of Percy Society and Musical Antiquarian Society; joined publishing business of Cramer fc Co., 1845; retired, 1861; vice-president of Musical Association, 1874. His works include the first volume of a History of Music
Leonard Chappelow: '''Leonard Chappelow''' ([[1683]]-[[1768]]), orientalist; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1716: fellow, 1717-31; I rector of Hormead, Hertfordshire; professor of Arabic, 1720; published an Arabic grammar, 1730, translations, and Commentary on the Book of Job 1752.
Chappington: '''Chappington''' or OHAPINOTON, JOHN (rf. [[1606]]X organ-builder; built an organ for St. Margaret's, Westminster, 1596, and for Magdalen College, Oxford, 1597.
Samuel Chapple: '''Samuel Chapple''' ([[1775]]-[[1833]]), organist; Uwt his Bight before 1785; learned music at Exeter; organist of Ashburtou Church, 1795-1833; published music,
Sir William Chapple: '''Sir William Chapple''' ([[1677]]-[[1745]]), judge ; M.P Dorchester, 1722-37; serjeant-at-law, 1724; judge in North Walea, 1728; knighted, 1729; justice of the king's bench, 1737-46.
William Chapple: '''William Chapple''' ([[1718]]-[[1781]]), topographer; self-taught; surveyor's clerk in Exeter, 173*; land j steward to the Courtenay family; compiled vocabulary of Exmoor dialect, 1746; projected recension of Risdou's Survey of Divon (partly printed, 1785).
George William Chard: '''George William Chard''' ([[1765]] ?-[[1849]]), organist; chorister of St. Paul's, London; lay-clerk of Winchester Cathedral, 1787; organist of Winchester Cathedral, 1802-49 and of Winchester College, 1832-49; Mus. Doc. Cambridge, 1812.
John Rouse Merriott Chard: '''John Rouse Merriott Chard''' ([[1847]]-[[1897]]1 j hero of Horke's Drift; educated at Royal Military AcaI demy, Woolwich; lieutenant, royal engineers, 1868; lieutenant-colonel, 1893; colonel, 1897; served in Zulu I war, 1878; attached to Brigadier-general Glyn's column; defended Rorke's Drift, 22-23 Jan. 1879, with a force numbering 139, against about 3,000 Zulus; received Victoria cross; commanding royal engineers at Singapore, 1892-6.
Sir John Chardin: '''Sir John Chardin''' ([[1643]]-[[1713]]), traveller; born in Paris; a wealthy jeweller; travelled as a jewel merchant through Turkey to Persia and India, 1664-70 and 1671-7; published notes of his travels, 1671, 1686, and 1711; protestaut refugee, 1681; jeweller to the English court; knighted, 1681; F.R.S., 1682; envoy to Holland, 1684; his biblical illustrations incorporated in Thomas Banner's Observations on.. Scripture 1776.
Charldon Chardon: '''Charldon Chardon''' , or CHARLTON,*JOHN (d. 1601), bishop of Down and Connor; fellow of Exeter College, Oxford, 1565-8; M.A., 1572; schoolmaster at Worksop, Nottinghamshire, 1571; vicar of Heavitree, Exeter, 1571; D.D., 1586; bishop of Down and Connor, 1596; warden of Youghal College, 1598; published sermons and translations.

[edit] Section 257

William Charite: '''William Charite''' ([[1422]]-[[1502]] ?), prior of St. Mary's Abbey, Leicester; compiled rent-roll and cartulary of the abbey.
Charlotte Charke: '''Charlotte Charke''' (d. [[1760]]?), actress and writer; youngest daughter of Oolley Gibber; amused herself with masculine pursuits; married Richard Charke, a theatrical musician, c. 1729; separated from him, c. 1730; first appeared on the stage, 1730: performed in various London companies, chiefly in male parts, till 1737; afterwards employed at puppet-shows and low theatres; attempted management of Haymarket Theatre, 1745; published an autobiography, 1755; wrote plays and novels. x. 65J
William Charke: '''William Charke''' (fl. [[1580]]), puritan ; fellow of Peterhouse, Cambridge; expelled for nonconformity, 1572; wrote against Edmund Campion, 1580; held disputation with Campion in the Tower; preacher to Lincoln's Inn, 1581-93.
Charlemont: '''Charlemont''' first EAKL OF ([[1728]]-[[1799]]). See
James Oaulfkild: '''James Oaulfkild''' .
Viscounts of Charlemont: '''Viscounts of Charlemont''' . See OAULFEILD,
William: '''William''' first VISCOUNT, d. [[1671]] ; OAULFEILD, WILLIAM, second VISCOUNT, d. 1726; OAULFEILD, JAMBS, fourth VISCOUNT, 1728-1799.
Barons Charlemont: '''Barons Charlemont''' . See OAULPEILD, SIR
Toby: '''Toby''' first BARON, [[1565]]-[[1627]] ; CAULFEILD, TOBY, third
Baron: '''Baron''' d. [[1642]] ; CAULFKILD, WILLIAM, fifth BARON, rf. 1671.
Charles: '''Charles''' I ([[1600]]-[[1649]]), king of Great Britain and Ireland; second sou of James VI of Scotland and Anne of Denmark; born at Dunfermliue; created Duke of Albany, December 1600; brought to England, 1604; created Duke of York, 1605; a sickly child; became heir-apparent, 1612; created Prince of Wales, November 1616; negotiation for his marriage with Princess Christina of France broken off, 1616; match between him and Princess Maria of Spain formally proposed, 1617, dropped, 1618; went to Madrid to urge his suit, February, 1623, but returned, October, finding the religious difficulty insurmountable; betrothed to Princess Henrietta Maria of France, December 1624, he and bin father pledging themselves to toleration for all English catholics; succeeded to the throne, 27 March 1626; married by proxy, May; received his bride at Canterbury, June 1625; refused by his firt parliaments, who distrusted the Duke of Buckingham, supplies equal to the undertakings into which he
Charles: '''Charles''' I 227
Chable: '''Chable''' 8 II and the favourite rashly plunged; to help the Elector Palatine, equipped by his personal credit au English force to be placed in command of the German adventurer, Ernst von Mansfeld, 1625; promised a subsidy to Christian IV of Denmark to make war on the German csitholic states, but was unable to pay, Christian being subsequently routed (August 1626): enabled by the help of loans and pawning the crown jewels to fit out an expedition against Cadiz, which miserably failed, October 1626; lost in a storm a second fleet, obtained by levying ships from the coast-counties; sent an expedition to relieve the protestants of Rochelle, which (1627) failed shamefully, peace being concluded with France, 1629, and with Spain, 1630; outof touch with English sentiment, which as reflected in the houses of parliament was in respect of doctrine overwhelmingly Oalvinistio, and in respect of policy anti-Romanist; repudiated the pro-Romanist clauses of his marriage treaty, 1626, but was reasonably suspected of favouring catholics; promoted Armiuiau clergy, and prevented parliament from prosecuting them, 1625; forbade preaching in favour of Calvinist dogmas, 1629; had recourse to extraordinary expedients for obtaining supplies, exacting forced loans, and removing the judges who dissented from his measures; involved by his foreign, domestic, and ecclesiastical policy in quarrels with his parliaments; his first parliament, which met, June 1625, dissolved in-August, in consequence of its attacks on Buckingham and the king's Roman catholic leanings; dissolved in June 1626, after a four mouthssession, his second parliament, which, in spite of the devices of making the king's chief opponents sheriffs and imprisoning others, pressed charges against Buckingham; signed the statement of grievances which his third parliament, led by Sir Thomas Wentworth, submitted (thepetition of right, June 1628; opposed by Commons for his levy of taxes without parliamentary grant, and his ecclesiastical policy; dissolved parliament, lu March 1629; governed without parliament for eleven years; levied tonnage and poundage, 1629; exacted fines for not taking up knighthood, 1630, and for encroaching on forest hinds; raised money by granting monopolies, and by demanding ship-money from the seaports, 1634, and from the inland counties, 1635; showed marked favour to the papal envoys at the queen's court, 1834-7; supported Laud in his severe measures to enforce Arminian doctrine and church ceremonies on the puritan party in the church, 1633-7; obtained verdict in the ship-money case against John Hampden, 1638; was crowned in Scotland, 18 June 1633, giving offence by the episcopal ceremonial he required; caused great irritation by a fruitless order to Scottish ministers to use the surplice; riots in Edinburgh caused by his attempt (1637) to enforce the use of a liturgy, drawn up under Laud's influence; affronted by the signing of the national covenant 1638, and the abolition of episcopacy by the general assembly at Glasgow, November 1638; collected troops, and invaded Scotland, May 1639; compelled by want of funds to sign the treaty of Berwick, 1639; summoned parliament (April 1640), hoping to obtain supplies ! for renewing war with Scotland; dissolved it, 5 May 1640, on its demanding, under leadership of John Pym, i redress of grievances; elated by Stafford's success in raising an army in Ireland; lost Newcastle and Durham, which were occupied by the Scots, who on the invitation ! of parliament had crossed the Tweed, 1640; advised, by a council of peers convoked at York, to negotiate with the ! Scots and summon parliament, 24 Sept. 1640; defied by the Long parliament which met, 3 Nov. 1640, and at I once attacked Strafford and Laud; plotted to save Strafford, but finally assented to his execution, May 1641, and I pledged himself not to dissolve this parliament except by its own vote; indirectly caused the formation of two parties in the Commons, a party in favour of moderate episcopacy, and an extreme party which desired to abolish bishops and the prayer-book; went to Scotland, swkhiK support against the extremists, August 1641; discredited by a plot formed among his courtiers to murder the Scottish leaders the Incident; appealed for help to the Irish catholic peers, and was in consequence generally supposed privy to the Ulster massacres, October 1641; well received by London on his return, November 1641; resolved to resist the parliament's demands for a responsible ministry and church reform; tried to seize 'th five membersin the House of Commons, 4 Jan. 1642; left Whitehall to collect troops in the north, 10 Jan. 1642; declared war at Nottingham, 22 Aug. 1642; pushed asifle the parliamentary army at Edgehill, 23 Oct., advanced as far as Brentford, November, but withdrew to winter in Oxford; formed plan, 1643, for Hoptou to advance on London from the west, Newcastle through the eastern counties, and Charles himself from Reading; baulked; carried on fruitless negotiations during the winter; entertained design, 1644, of operating from Oxford and attacking the parliamentary army in detail, a design which came to nothing through Rupert's defeat at Marstoii Moor (2 July); conducted fruitless negotiations at Uxbridge, January-February, 1645; vainly tried to obtain large forces from Ireland and from Lorraine; cheered by Montrose's success in the highlands, September 1644February 1645; his main army crushed at Naseby, 14 June 1646; again sought help from Ireland and France; left Oxford; surrendered to the Scots at Newark, 5 May 1646, and was conducted to Newcastle, 13 May; tried to negotiate separately with the Scots and with parliament, parliament meanwhile coming to terms with the Scots; taken by parliamentary commissioners to Holmby House, January 1647; tried to get terms from parliament, unfavourable to the army; taken in charge by Joyce's troopers, 4 June, and conducted to Hampton Court, 24 Aug., while the army occupied London; escaped to the Isle of Wight, 16 Nov. 1647, having offended parliament by dallying with the army proposals, but was there kept in custody by Colonel Hammond; refused his assent to fresh proposals of parliament, December 1647; made a secret treaty with the Scots by which he accepted presbyterianism and obtained promise of a Scots army; cavalier risings in his favour crushed before September 1648; negotiated with parliamentary commissioners at Newport, September-October 1648; his death demanded by the army in November; taken to Hurst Castle, 1 Dec., to Windsor, 23 Dec. 1648, and to St. James's, London, 19 Jan. 1649, all who favoured him in parliament having been excluded by the army leaders Pride's purge), 6 Dec. 1648; refused to plead before the court which the Commons constituted for his trial, 20 Jan.; condemned, 27 Jan., and executed, 30 Jan. 1649.
Ii Charles: '''Ii Charles''' ([[1630]]-[[1685]]), king of Great Britain and Ireland; second son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria; born at St. James's, London; given an establishment as Prince of Wales, 1638; took his seat hi the House of Lords, 1640; joined Charles I at York, March 1642; present at Edgehill; resided in Oxford, October 1642 to March 1645, and at Bristol, March to April 1645; at Barnstaple, June; withdrew to Cornwall, July; tried to hold Devon and Cornwall against Fairfax; at Falmouth, February 1646; withdrew to Scilly, March, and to Jersey, April; at Paris, July 1646; went to Helvoetsluys, July 1648; made a descent on the shipping at Thames month; tried to avert Charles I's execution, January 1649; proclaimed king in Edinburgh, 5 Feb., and in Ireland; returned to Paris; went to Jersey, 1649; withdrew to Breda, 1650; accepted the covenant and the terms of the Scottish commissioners, March; reached Cromarty Frith, and took up his residence at Falkland Palace, Fife, June 1650; practically a prisoner in the hands of Argyll and the presbyterian party; secretly negotiated with the English catholics; defeated at Dunbar, 3 Sept. 1650; tried to escape from Argyll to join Huntly ( * The Start ); crowned at Scone, 1 Jan. 1661, accepting the covenant: at Stirling, April; marched southwards, 1651; routed at Worcester, 3 Sept. 1661; dismissed all his followers, except Wilmot; reached Fecamp, Normandy, 1651; resided In poverty at Paris, October 1651-June 1654; withdrew to Cologne; went to Middelburg, March 1655, to wait the issue of a cavalier rising; removed his court to Bruges, 1666: dissoluteness of his court much spoken of; formally excluded from the succession by act of parliament, November 1666; offered to raise English troops for the Spanish service in Flanders; removed his court to Brussels, February 1668: withdrew to Breda, August: returned to Brussels, September 1658; went to Brittany, to wait the issue of a cavalier rising, August 1659; followed Mazarin to Spain to ask French and Spanish help; returned to Brussels, December 1659; negotiated with the English presbyterians and with Monck; went to Breda, and Issued his declaration there, 4 April 1660: proclaimed king in London; landed at Dover, 26 May; entered London, 29 May; urged the House of Lords to pass Act of Indemnity; issued a declaration for the settlement of Ireland, 30 Nov. 1660; dissolved the Convention parliament, 29 Dec. 1660, which had settled on him 1,200,UOO. a year; accepted by the
Charles: '''Charles''' 228
Charleton: '''Charleton''' Scottish parliament, 1661; threatened by Venuer's plot; formally crowned, 23 April 1661; married, 20 May 1662, Catherine of Bnuranza, and so became pledged to support Portugal agaiutt Spain; coldly supported the administration of Clarendon, 1660-7: aimed at securing toleration for English catholics, but thereby only excited the jealousy of parliament and the severities of the Act of Uniformity, May 1662; was thus forced to violate his promises to the presbyterian party made in his solemn declarations, April aud October 1660; the severe Conventicle Act, 1664, and the Five-mile Act, 1665, brought on by his Declaration of Indulgence, 1662; neglected to take efficient measures to recover estates forfeited during the Commonwealth, thereby bringing great odium on Clarendon; secretly allied himself with Louis XIV, receiving a large subsidy to attack Spain, 1661, selling Dunkirk and Mardyke to France, December 1662, and declaring war on the Dutch, February 1665; created a bastard son, James, Duke of Monmouth, 1663; withdrew to Salisbury, to avoid the plague, July 1665, and to Oxford, September, returning to London, January 1666; showed unwonted energy on occasion of the fl re in London, September 1666; hoped by means of the Dutch war to obtain the stadtholdership for his nephew, William of Orange, but the Dutch fleet destroyed the shipping in the Medway (June 1667), and Charles was forced to conclude peace, July 1667; the king protected himself by ordering Clarendon to leave England, November 1667; himself conducted secretly the most important negotiations, though the period (1667-74) is nominally that of the ascendency of Buckingham, Arlington, and Lauderdale; received large subsidies from Louis XIV, promising hi return to favour French designs on the Netherlands aud to reduce England to Romanism; assented to the triple alliance with Sweden aud Holland, January 1668, in order to force Louis's hand: concluded with Louis the shameful secret treaty of Dover, May 1670; his Declaration of Indulgence in favour of English catholics, March 1671, cancelled, owing to parliamentary agitation, March 1673, and followed by the Test Act; forced by popular discontent to close the Dutch war (begun March 1672), February 1674; stopped payment* by the exchequer, January 1672, and abandoned himself with his court to excess; directed foreign policy, though Danby was nominally at the head of affairs, 1674-8; entered into a secret treaty not to oppose Louis XIV, 1676: forced by popular feeling against France to assent to the marriage of Princess Mary with William of Orange, November 1677, but renewed his secret treaty with Louis, 1678; gave way to the persecution engendered by the pretendedpopish plot August 1678, contenting himself with protecting the queen; dissolved parliament, January 1679, to shield Danby; repeatedly declared the Duke of Moumouth illegitimate, in order to foil the anti-court party, led by Shaf tesbury, which now set itself to secure the exclusion of James, duke of York, from the succession; ordered the Duke of York to withdraw from England, and offered to accept a protestant regency; dissolved parliament, July L 679 and January 1681, aud the Oxford parliament, March 1681, which violently opposed his efforts; warmly received in London, October 1681; laid the foundation-stone of Chelsea Hospital, February 1682: the whigs in Scotland grievously persecuted by his brother, the Duke of York; rigorously enforced penal laws against English nonconformists; his opponents discredited by the discovery of the Rye House plot, June 1683; Charles resolved to govern without a parliament, in compliance with the wishes of Louis XIV; popularly reported as being about to declare himself a Roman catholic, 1684, the Duke of York, in defiance of the Test Act, being reappointed acting lord high admiral, May 1684; had an apoplectic stroke, 2 Feb. 1685, and died 6 Feb., acknowledging himself a Roman catholic; buried at Westminster, 17 Feb. Thirteen of his mistresses are known by name, the chief being the Duchesses of Cleveland, Portsmouth, and Mazariu, and Nell Gwynn. Of his numerous illegitimate children six were created dukes. He was fowl of conversation, coarse wit, walking aud hunting, patronised the stage, and was interested in chemistry and naval architecture.
Edward Charles: '''Edward Charles''' Louis PHII.II CASIMIR ([[1720]]1788), the Youxo PRKTKNDKK; eldest sou of the titular James HI; born and bred at Rome; served at Gaeta, 1734; sent from Rome to bead a French invasion of England, 1743; foiled by the English fleet at Dunkirk, 1711; duiled from Belldale, 1745; reached the Hebrides, August 1745; unfurled his standard at Glenfiunan, entered Edinburgh, and defeated Cope at Prestonpans, 1715; reached Carlisle and Derby; retreated, 6 Dec. 1746; defeated Hawley at Falkirk, 1746; crushed by Cumberlaud atCuLodeu, 1746; fugitive in the highlands; escaped to France, 1746; expelled from France, 1748; alienated the Jacobites by drunkenness anil by refusing to separate from his mistress, Clementina Walkenshaw, a reputed spy; said to have visited London, 1750, 1752, 1754; resided at Basle, 1756; titular king, 1766; resided in Rome; pensioned by France; married Louisa von Stolberg, 1772; separated from her, 1780; removed to Florence; died at Rome.
David Charles: '''David Charles''' ([[1762]]-[[1834]]), author of sermons ; a weU-to-do Carmarthen tradesman; lay-preacher, 1808: Calvinistic methodist minister m South Wales, 1811; paralysed, 1828.
David Charles: '''David Charles''' (rf. [[1878]]), methodist ; co-founder of Bala College, 1837; principal of Trevecca College, 1842-62.
Mrs Charles: '''Mrs Charles''' . ELIZABETH ([[1828]]-[[1896]]), author; tiee Rundle; began early to write, and attracted attention of James Anthony Froude and Tennyson; married, 1851, Andrew Paton Charles, with whom she made several journeys in the East. Her works includeTales and Sketches of Christian Life in different Lands and Ages 1850, andChronicles of the Scbouberg-Ootta Family 1862.
Joseph Charles: '''Joseph Charles''' ([[1716]]-[[1786]]), author of 'The Dispersion of the Men of Babel a tract on Genesis, 1755; vicar of Wightou, Norfolk, 1740-86.
Charles: '''Charles''' or CARLES, NICHOLAS (d. [[1613]]), herald; Blanch-Lion pursuivant; Lancaster herald, 1609; visited Derbyshire, 1611, and Huntingdonshire, 1613; his manuscript collections are in the British Museum.
Thomas Charles: '''Thomas Charles''' ([[1755]]-[[1814]]), of Bala';' Welsh preacher; son of a Carmarthenshire fanner; brought up a methodist; studied at Jesus College, Oxford, 1776-8; curate of Queen's Camel, Somerset, 1778; B.A., 1779; married a wealthy tradeswoman, and settled at Bala, 1783; took occasional clerical duty; Calvinistic methodist minister at Bala, 1784; went on preaching tours through North Wales; established methodist schools, 1785, and Sunday schools, 1789; published Welsh theological tracts and magazines, 1789-1813; set up a press at Bala, 1803; visited London yearly from 1793; visited Ireland, 1807; organised the Welsh Calvinistic methodists, 1810-11.
Edward Parker Charlesworth: '''Edward Parker Charlesworth''' ([[1783]]1853), physician; apprenticed to a Horncastle physician; M.D. Edinburgh, 1807; practised at Lincoln; visiting physician to the asylum, 1820; advocated humane treatment of the insane.
John Charlesworth: '''John Charlesworth''' ([[1782]]-[[1864]]), divine; B.D. QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1826; rector of Flowton, Suffolk, 1814-44; rector of St. Mildred's, London, 1844-62.

[edit] Section 258

Maria Louisa Oharlesworth: '''Maria Louisa Oharlesworth''' ([[1819]]-[[1880]]), author; daughter of John Charlesworth; visitor in her father's parishes; retired to Nutfield, Surrey, 1864; published religious tales and devotional tracts, 1846-80.
Charleton: '''Charleton'''
Rice Charleton: '''Rice Charleton''' ([[1710]]-[[1789]]), physician ; entered Queen's College, Oxford, 1740; M.A., 1747; M.D., 1767; practised medicine at Bath; physician to Bath General Hospital, 1757-81; published tracts on the Bath waters, 1750-74.
Robert Charleton: '''Robert Charleton''' ([[1809]]-[[1872]]), quaker ; pin manufacturer at Bristol, 1833-52; became a quaki-r: advocated total abstinence; one of the peace deputation to the Czar Nicholas, 1864; a quaker preacher in England and Ireland, 1860-72; published theological tracts. physi
Walter Charleton: '''Walter Charleton''' ([[1619]]-[[1707]]), physician; entered Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1635; M.D., by king's mandate, 1643; nominally physician to Charles I and Charles II; practised physic in London, 1660-92; withdrew to Nantwich; returned to London before 1698; pub
Charlett: '''Charlett''' 229
Chastillon: '''Chastillon''' lished medical, philosophical, and antiquarian tracts, 16501705, includingChorea Gigantum(1663), to prove that Stoneheure was made by the Danes.
Arthur Charlett: '''Arthur Charlett''' ([[1655]]-[[1722]]), master of University College, Oxford: entered Trinity College, Oxford, 16(59; M.A., 1676; fellow, 1G8U; travelled in Scotland, 1GH3; B.D., 1684; published a theological tract, 1686; tutor to Lord Guilford, 1688; master of University College and D.D., 1692; rector of Hambledon, Buckinghamshire, 1707-22; king's chaplain, 1697-171?; his large correspondence is preserved in the Bodleian.
Charlwood Charlewood: '''Charlwood Charlewood''' , or CHERLWOD,
John: '''John''' (. [[1592]]), London printer; printed before [[1659]]; issued ballads, tracts, and popular pieces, 1562-92; held the monopoly of printing playbills, 1587-92; often fined for litcrury piracy.
Augusta Charlotte: '''Augusta Charlotte''' , PRINCESS ([[1796]]-[[1817]]), only child of George, prince of Wales (afterwards George IV), and Caroline of Brunswick; brought up by Lady Elgin at t'arlton House till 1804; at Lower Lodge, Windsor, 18051 s 1 l; ignored by her father; engaged to William, prince of Orange, 1813; angered her father by breaking off her engagement, 1814; in seclusion at Cranbourii Lodge, Windsor, 1814-16; married Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg, May 1816; died in childbirth, 19 Nov. 1817.
Augusta Matilda Charlotte: '''Augusta Matilda Charlotte''' , PRINCESS
Royal: '''Royal''' afterwards QUEEN OK WURTEMBEUO ([[1766]]-[[1828]]), el-k-t daughter of George III; betrothed, 1796; married (second wife) Frederick William Charles, prince of Wlirtemberg, May 1797; Duchess of WUrtemberg, December 1797; queen of WUrtemberg, 1806; queen-dowager, 1816.
Sophia Charlotte: '''Sophia Charlotte''' ([[1744]]-[[1818]]), queen of George III; of Meckleuburg-Strelitz; married in London, 8 Sept. 1761; crowned, 22 Sept.; managed the royal household during the king's insanity, 1788 and 1810-18.
Charlton: '''Charlton'''
Charlton: '''Charlton''' or CHERLETON, EDWARD, fifth and last BARON CHARLTON OF POWYS (1370-1421), married, 1398, the widowed Countess of March, thus obtaining Usk and Caerleon; took Henry IV's side, 1399; succeeded to the barony, October 1401; attacked by Owen of Glyndwfrdwy, 1402; allowed to make a private truce with the Welsh, 1404; again attacked by Owen, 1409: captured Sir John Oldcastle in Powys, 1417.
Sir Job Charlton: '''Sir Job Charlton''' ([[1614]]-[[1697]]), judge ; son of a London goldsmith; B.A. Oxford, 1632; barrister of Lincoln's Inn; M.P., Ludlow, 1659-78; serjeant-at-law, 1660; chief-justice of Chester, 1662-80 and October 16861689; speaker of the House of Commons, 4-18 Feb. 1673; justice of common pleas, 1680; removed, April 1686, for opposing James II's dispensing power; created baronet, 1686.
Charlton: '''Charlton''' or CHERLETON, JOHN DE, first
Oharlton of Powys Bakon: '''Oharlton of Powys Bakon''' (d. [[1353]]), succeeded to estates at Charlton and Pontesbury, Shropshire, c. 1300; chamberlain to Edward II, 1307; knighted before 1308; obtained by marriage Powys Castle and it" domains, 1309; raised Welsh troops for the king's service from 1310; at feud with his Welsh neighbours, 1311-13 and 1315-30; summoned to the peers, 1313-46; joined Lancaster's revolt, 1321; pardoned, 1322; joined Mortimer's rebellion, 1326; viceroy of Ireland, 1337; recalled, 1338; latterly interested himself in religion.
John Charlton: '''John Charlton''' Of. [[1571]]). See CHARDON,
Johx: '''Johx'''
Charlton: '''Charlton''' or CHERLETON, LEWIS (d. [[1369]]), bishop of Hereford; an Oxford graduate in law and theology; resided in Oxford; prebendary of Hereford (1336) and Pontesbury; recognised as a benefactor of Oxford University, 1356; bishop of Hereford, 1361.
Lionel Charlton: '''Lionel Charlton''' ([[1720]]-[[1788]]), author *of 'The History of Whit by 1779; schoolmaster at Whitby.
Charlton: '''Charlton''' or CHERLETON, THOMAS (*.' [[1344]]), bishop of Hereford; younger brother of John Oharlton, first baron Charlton; doctor of civil law; privy seal to Edward II: prebendary of St. Paul's, of St. Mary's, Stafford, and (1316) of Pontesbury; failed to obtain the see of Durliam, 1316, and of Hereford, 1317; bishop of Hereford, 1327; lord-treasurer, 1328-30; chancellor of Ireland, 1337, and viceroy, 1338; returned to Entrlund, 1340.
Job Charnock: '''Job Charnock''' (d. [[1693]]), founder of Calcutta ; went to India, 1655; entered the East India Company's service; stationed at Kasimbiizar, 1658-64, at Patua, 1664, at Kasimbiizar, and at Hugli, April 1686; withdrew, in face of native hostility, to the island Hijili, at the mouth of the Ganges, December 1686; superseded and sent to Madras, 1688; re-appointed to the Bengal agency; obtained from Arangzib a grant of land at Sutunati (now Calcutta), 1690.

[edit] Section 259

John Charnock: '''John Charnock''' ([[1756]]-[[1807]]), author ; educated at Winchester and Trinity College, Oxford; journalist; naval volunteer; publishedBiographia Navalis," 1794-8, 'History of Marine Architecture 1801-2, Life of Nelson,* 1806, and some political tracts.
Charnock: '''Charnock''' or CHERNOCK, ROBERT ([[1663]] ?-[[1696]]), Jacobite conspirator; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1680; M.A., 1686; fellow, by mandate from Jamea II, 1686; embraced Roman Catholicism; James II's agent in his oppression of the college, 1687; vice-president, January 1688; expelled, October 1688; styledcaptain; in London, planning the assassination of William TTT, 1692-6; arrested February 1696; executed, 1696.
Stephen Charnock: '''Stephen Charnock''' ([[1628]]-[[1680]]), puritan : son. of a London solicitor; M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge; puritan preacher in Southwark; intruded into a fellowship at New College, Oxford, 1650; proctor, 1654; chaplain to Henry Cromwell in Ireland, 1667; withdrew to London, 1658; co-pastor of the Bishopsgatc Street presbyterian church, 1675; his theological works published posthumously.
Thomas Charnock: '''Thomas Charnock''' ([[1526]]-[[1581]]), alchemist; learned alchemy from a Salisbury clergyman; served at Calais, 1557; lived in retirement in Somerset,
Charpentiere: '''Charpentiere''' See OARPENTIKRE and CAR.
Pentiebs: '''Pentiebs'''
Anna Maria Charreteb: '''Anna Maria Charreteb''' ([[1819]]-[[1876]]), miniature and oil painter; nte Kenwell; married, 1841, John Charretie (d. 1868); exhibited, 1843-75.
Francis Charteris: '''Francis Charteris''' ([[1675]]-[[1732]]), styled 'colonel; of a Dumfriesshire family; dismissed the army for cheating: dismissed the Dutch service for theft; captain in the 1st foot guards; censured for fraud, 1711; accumulated a fortune by gambling and usury; the typical profligate of Arbuthnot, Pope, and Hogarth; landowner in Haddington and Midlothian; convicted of rape, but pardoned, 1730.
Henry Charteris: '''Henry Charteris''' , the elder (d. [[1599]]), bookseller and printer, of Edinburgh; brought out a blackletter edition of Sir David Lyndsay's works, 1568; printed from 1581 theological tracts, bibles, and religious publications,
Henry Charteris: '''Henry Charteris''' , the younger ([[1566]]-[[1628]]), Scottish divine: eldest son of Henry Charteris the elder ; M.A. Edinburgh, 1587; a regent of Edinburgh Uni versity, 1 589; principal and professor of divinity, 1599-1620; minister of North Leith, 1620; professor of divinity, 1627-8.
Lawrence Charteris: '''Lawrence Charteris''' ([[1625]]-[[1700]]), Scottish divine; younger son of Henry Charteris the younper ; M.A. Edinburgh, 1646; minister of Bathans (or Yester), Haddingtonshire, 1654-75; professor of divinity in Edinburgh, 1675-81; minister of Dirleton, Haddingtonshire, 1688-97; published theological tracts.
Chintamanny Ragoonatha Chary: '''Chintamanny Ragoonatha Chary''' (d. 1880), astronomer; assistant at Madras observatory; a good observer; wrote on -astronomical topics,
John Chase: '''John Chase''' ([[1810]]-[[1879]]), water-colour painter; exhibited, chiefly architectural views, 1826-78.
Chastillon: '''Chastillon''' or CASTILLUN, HENRY DK (Jl. 1195), archdeacon of Canterbury; a justiciary, 1195; agent in negotiations between Archbishop Hubert and monastery of Christ Church, Canterbury, 1198-9: supported King John against St. Augustine's, Canterbury. 1202.
Chatelain: '''Chatelain''' 230
Chauncy: '''Chauncy'''
Clara De Chatelain: '''Clara De Chatelain''' ([[1807]]-[[1876]]), composer and author; of French extraction; nit de Pontigny; born in London; resided in France, 1826; returned to London, 1827; married J. B. F. E. de Chatelain, 1843; wrote many tales for magazines, under various pseudonyms; composed ballads and songs; died insane.
Jean Chatelain: '''Jean Chatelain''' -BAPTISTE FRANgOIS
De Ernest: '''De Ernest''' ([[1801]]-[[1881]]), journalist : born and educated in Paris: French journalist in London, 1826; visited Rome, 1827: journalist in Bordeaux, 1830, and Paris, 1833-8; returned to England, 1842; naturalised, 1848; published literary and political papers.
John Baptist Olaudb Chatelaine: '''John Baptist Olaudb Chatelaine''' ([[1710]]1771), draughtsman and engraver; real name, PHILIPPE; of French extraction; resided at Chelsea; of improvident habits; engraved chiefly landscapes. CHiTELHERAULT, DUKE OP (d. 1575.). See HAMILTON, JAMES.
Edward Chatfield: '''Edward Chatfield''' ([[1800]]-[[1839]]), painter ; son of a Oroytlon distiller; pupil of B. R. Haydon; painted portraits and historical scenes, 1821-38; wrote in the magazines under pseudonym of Echiou
Earls Op Chatham: '''Earls Op Chatham''' . See PITT, WILLIAM, first
Earl: '''Earl''' [[1708]]-[[1778]] ; PITT, JOHX, second EARL, [[1756]]-[[1835]].
William Simmonds Chatterley: '''William Simmonds Chatterley''' ([[1787]]1822), actor; member of the Drury Lane company, 17891804; acted also at Birmingham, Cheltenham, 1804, and Bath, 1810; returned to London, 1816.
Henrietta Georgiana Chatterton: '''Henrietta Georgiana Chatterton'''

[edit] Section 260

Lascelles Maroia: '''Lascelles Maroia''' , LADY ([[1806]]-[[1876]]), miscellaneous writer; nte Iremouger; married, 1824, Sir William Abraham Chatterton (d. 1855), of co. Cork; retired to England, 1852; married, 1859, Edward Heneage Dering; embraced Romanism, 1875; published numerous tales, notes of travel, and poems, 1837-76.
John Balsir Chatterton: '''John Balsir Chatterton''' ([[1802]] ?-[[1871]]), harpist: son of a Portsmouth music-master; harpist in London, 1824-71; composed music for the harp.
Thomas Chatterton: '''Thomas Chatterton''' ([[1752]]-[[1770]]), poet; posthumous child of a poor Bristol schoolmaster; began to show signs of interest in reading, 1759; obtained access to the charters of St. Mary Redcliffe Church, Bristol; wrote his first verses, 1762; published verses in * Felix Farley's Bristol Journal 1763; began to represent hisantiqueverses as genuine old pieces, 1764; began to fabricate Thomas Rowley's verses, 1765; invented a pedigree for a Bristol pewterer, 1767; apprenticed to a Bristol attorney, 1767-70; published in the * Bristol Journala piece dated 1248, 1768; encouraged in his fabrications by the credulity of George Catcott of Bristol, 1768; wrote to James Dodsley, offering old plays, December 1768-Febrnary 1769; wrote to Horace Walpole, forwarding ancient histories of painting in England, 1769; neglected by Walpole, who omitted to return his pieces, 1769; satirised leading people in Bristol, 1769; meditated suicide, 1770; came to London, 1770; lodged in Short-ditch, and subsequently in Brooke Street, Holborn; wrote for the journals; poisoned himself with arsenic in desperation at his poverty, 1770; editions of "Thomas Rowley as genuine fifteenth-century poems, published 1777 and 1782. His collected works appeared in 1803.
William Andrew Chatto: '''William Andrew Chatto''' ([[1799]]-[[1864]]), miscellaneous writer; born at Newcastle-on-Tyue; teadealer in London, 1830-4; published, under the pseudonym ofStephen Oliver notes of rambles in the northern counties, 1834-5; wrote also on wood-engraving, 1839-48; editedNew Sporting Magazine 1839-41, and Tuck a comic paper, 1844.
Walter Chattodunub: '''Walter Chattodunub''' (d . [[1343]]).
Geoffrey Chatjcer: '''Geoffrey Chatjcer''' ([[1340]] ?-[[1400]]), poet ; son of John Chaucer (d. 1366), vintner, of London; page to Elizabeth de Burgh, wife of Lionel, duke of Clarence, third son of Edward III, 1357; accompanied the expedition to France, 1359; taken prisoner in Brittany; ransomed by Edward III, 1360; married Philippa (?Roet, d. 1387 V), a servant of the Duchess of Lancaster (wife of John of Gaunt), probably in 1366, certainly before 1374; received from Edward III pension of 137. 6. 8rf., in 1367, being then yeoman of the chamber; in service in France, 1369; abroad, on the king's service, 1370; styledesquire(armiger), from 1372; on si mission to Genoa and Florence, 1372-3, when he met Boccaccio and perhaps Petrarch; received additional pension of 137. 6s. 87. frcm Edward III, 1374; appointed comptroller of.the customs and subsidy of wools, &c., London, June 1374; received pension of 107. from John of Gaunt, June 1374; resided over Aldgate, London, 1374-86, except when abroad on the king's service; sent on secret service to Flanders, 1376 and 1377; attached to embassies to France and Lombardy, 1378; a party to the abduction of Cecilia Chaumpaigue, 1380; appointed comptroller of petty customs, London, and allowed to have a deputy, 1382; allowed to have a deputy in his comptroller-ship of the customs, 1385; knight of the shire for Kent, 1386; removed from both comptroller-ships, 1386; went the Canterbury pilgrimage, April 1388; to raise money for his immediate needs, sold his two pensions from the king, 1388; clerk of the king's works at various places, acting by deputy, July 1389-September 1391; robbed by highwaymen, 9 Sept. 1390: joint forester of North Petherton Park, Somerset, 1391; sole forester, 1397; received pension of 201. from Richard II, 1394; received additional pension of 267. 13*. 4d. from Henry IV, 1399; lensed a house at Westminster, 1399; buried in Westminster Abbey; a monument erected to him, 1555. Chaucer's writings fall into three periods: (1) The period of French influence (1359-72), in which he uses the octosyllabic couplet. To this period belong The Boke of the Duchesse 1369, and a lost translation of the Roman de la Rose (2) The period of Italian influence, especially of Dante and Boccaccio, 1372-86, in which he leaves off the octosyllabic couplet, uses mainly the heroic stanza of seven lines, and begins to use the heroic couplet. To this period belong The House of Fame; * The Assembly of Foules; Troylus and Oryseyde; The Legende of Good Women; and the firstdrafts of some of his tales. (3) The period of his maturity, 1386-1400, in which he uses the heroic couplet. To this period belong the Canterbury Tales designed about 1387. TheCanterbury Tales were first printed by Caxton in 1475; the collected works were first issued by W. Thyime in 1532.
Thomas Chatjcer: '''Thomas Chatjcer''' ([[1367]] ?-[[1434]]), speaker of the House of Commons; supposed to be son of Geoffrey Chaucer and Philippa Roet; obtained Ewelme, Oxfordshire, by marriage; received two annuities of 107. from John of Gaunt; chief butler to Richard II, Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI; received from Richard II a pension of 137. 6*. 8d., March 1399; constable of Wallingford Castle; granted Woodstock Manor, 1411; M.P. for Oxfordshire in most parliaments, 1400-31; speaker of the House of Commons, 1407, 1410, 1411, 1414; fought at Agincourt, 1415; envoy to France, 1417; member of the council, 1424; an executor of the Duchess of York's will, 1431; reputed to be of great wealth.
Hugh De Chaucombe: '''Hugh De Chaucombe''' (fl. [[1200]]), justiciar ; of Ghalcombe, Northamptonshire, 1168; sheriff of Staffordshire, Warwickshire, and Leicestershire, 1196-8; accompanied King John to Normandy, 1199; in attendance on John, 1203-4, in England; justiciar, 1204; sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire, and keeper of Kenilworth Castle, 1204-7; a monk at Chalcombe Priory, 1209.
Charles Chauncey: '''Charles Chauncey''' ([[1706]]-[[1777]]), physician; M.D. Cambridge, 1739; collected pictures, coins, and books.
Iohabod Chauncey: '''Iohabod Chauncey''' (rf. [[1691]]), physician ; army chaplain at Dunkirk before 1660; beneficed in Bristol: ejected for nonconformity, 1662; practised medicine at Bristol, 1662-84; banished for nonconformity, 1684; returned to Bristol, 1686.
Charles Chauncy: '''Charles Chauncy''' ([[1592]]-[[1672]]), puritan; educated at Westminster; entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1609; fellow; M.A., 1617; B.D., 1624; vicar of Ware, Hertfordshire, 1627-33; vicar of Mars ton St. Lawrence, Northamptonshire, 1633-7; prosecuted for neglect of church ceremonies, 1630 and 1634; submitted to Laud, 1636; assistant minister at Plymouth, New England, 1637; minister at Scituate, 1641; invited back to England, 1654; president of Harvard College, 1654-72; published sermons, theological tracts, and Latin verses and speeches.
Chauncy: '''Chauncy''' 231
Chepman: '''Chepman'''
Chauncy: '''Chauncy''' Sin HENRY ([[1632]]-[[1719]]), topographer ; entered Cains Collide, Cambridge, 1647; barrier of the Middle Temple, 1C56; recorder of Hertford, 1680; knightM, 1681; succeeded to the family estates, 1681; wrjmnt-ut-hiw. l.iSH; justice in South Wales, 1688; published The Historical Antiquities of Hertfordshire, 1700; caused a witch to be arrested in Hertfordshire, 1712.
Isaac Chauncy: '''Isaac Chauncy''' ([[1632]]-[[1712]]), congregational ist ; eldest son of Charles Chauncy; taken to New Kngland 1G37 at Harvanl College, 1651; studied also at Oxford; intruded rector of Woodborotigh, Wiltshire; ejected 1662; congregationalist minister at Andover, Hampshire: L.C.P. London, 1669; practised medicine in London, 1669 till death; was also a congregationalist minuter in St. Mary Axe, 1687-1701, and divinity tutor of the London DtoMOttag Academy; published controversial treatises, 1681-1700.
Maurice Chauncy: '''Maurice Chauncy''' (d. [[1681]]), Carthusian monk ; studied ftt Oxford and Gray's Inn, London; entered the Charterhouse; took the oath to Henry VIII, 1535; joined in the surrender of the Charterhouse, 1537; withdrew to Bruges; returned to England, June 1565: prior of the Carthusians at Shene, 1556; withdrew to Bruges, 1659, and to Louvain, 1578; died at Bruges: published 4 Historia aliquot nostri seeculi Martyrum 1550. LC. 172J
Chaundlek: '''Chaundlek''' or CHANDLER, THOMAS ([[1418]]?1490) dean of Hereford; educated at Winchester and New College, Oxford; fellow, 1437; M.A.; proctor, 1444; B.D., 145U warden of Winchester College, 1460, and of New College, 1461; B.Can.L., 1451; chancellor of Wells Cathedral 1452; D.D. and warden of New College, 1455-75; chancellor of Oxford University, 1457-61 and 1472-9, and vice-chancellor, 1463-7 f prebendary of York, St. Paul's, Southwell, and Hereford; dean of Hereford, 1482; left a sacred drama and other writings In manuscripts which he illustrated with tinted drawings.
Chavas: '''Chavas''' 8E, WILLIAM ([[1786]]-[[1814]]), of the East India Company's service; died near Bagdad on a journey to explore Xeuophou's route in the Retreat of the Ten Thousand.
William Cheadsey: '''William Cheadsey''' ([[1510]] ?-[[1674]] ?). See
Chedsey: '''Chedsey'''
Douglas Cheape: '''Douglas Cheape''' ([[1797]]-[[1861]]), Scottish advocate : professor of civil law, Edinburgh, 1827-42; author of legal squibs.
Sir John Cheape: '''Sir John Cheape''' ([[1792]]-[[1876]]), general ; second lieutenant, Bengal engineers, 1809; captain, 1821; colonel, 1844; brigadier-general, 1852; K.O.B., 1849; on active service in India, 1809-23; in the first Burmese war, 1824-6; in the Sikh war, 1848-50: conquered Pegu, 1853; returned to England, 1855; promoted general, 1866.
Thomas Dk Chebham: '''Thomas Dk Chebham''' (ft. [[1230]]). See' OH AB-
Eam: '''Eam'''
Chedsey: '''Chedsey''' or CHEADSEY, WILLIAM ([[1510]]?1574?), divine; born in Somerset; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1528: fellow, 1531: M.A., 1534; D.D., 1546; chaplain to Bishop Bonner; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1548; disputed against the reformed doctrines, 1549; imprisoned for preaching against the reformed doctrines, 1561; canon of Windsor, with other promotion, 1554; archdeacon of Middlesex, 1566: canon of Christ Church, Oxford, 1557: president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1558-9; deprival of his benefices and imprisoned in the Fleet as a recusant, 1659; published theological tracts.

[edit] Section 261

Chedworth: '''Chedworth''' fourth BARON ([[1754]]-[[1804]]). See
John Howk: '''John Howk''' .
John Chedworth: '''John Chedworth''' (d. [[1471]]), bishop of Lincoln ; of Merton College, Oxford; fellow of King's College, Cambridge, and provost, 1446; prebendary of Salisbury, 1440; prebendary of Lincoln; bishop of Lincoln, 1452; very active against the lollards in his diocese.
William Cheeke: '''William Cheeke''' (ft. [[1613]]), author of ' Anagrammata et Chron-Auagrammata; B.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1596.
Sir Henry Cheere: '''Sir Henry Cheere''' ([[1703]]-[[1781]]), statuary ; pupil of Peter Scheemakers; worked in marble, bronze, and ; carved statues for gardens and funeral monuments; knighted, 1760; created baronet, 1766; patron of Louis Francois Roubillac.
Thomas Cheesman: '''Thomas Cheesman''' ([[1760]]-[[1835]] ?), engraver mid draughtsman; pupil of Francesco Bartolozzi; resided in London.
Chefer: '''Chefer''' or CHEFFER, RICHARD (fl. [[1400]]?), theological writer; probably an Augustinian friar of Norwich.
Henry Cheke: '''Henry Cheke''' ([[1548]]?-[[1586]]?), translator; eldest son of Sir John Cheke; M.A. King College, Cambridge, 1568; M.I tor Bedford, 1572-83; travelled in Italy, 1576-6; secretary to the council of the north at York, 1581 till death; M.P., Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, 1584; translated an Italian morality play by Francesco Negri de Bassano.
Sir John Cheze: '''Sir John Cheze''' ([[1514]]-[[1567]]), Greek scholar ; born in Cambridge; son of an esquire-bedel; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1529; M.A., -1533; embraced protestantism; an efficient college tutor; professor of Greek, Cambridge, 1540-51; introduced a new pronunciation of Greek; public orator, Cambridge, 1544; tutor to Edward, prince of Wales, 1644; canon of King Henry VIII's College, Oxford; pensioned by Henry VIII, 1545; granted church lands by Edward VI, 1547; M.P. for Bletchiugley, 1547 and 1553: provost of King's College, Cambridge, 1548, by king's mandate; took orders before 1549; knighted, 1552; granted additional lands by Edward VI; clerk of the council; secretary of state, 1553; supported Lady Jane Grey; imprisoned in the Tower by Queen Mary, July 1553-September 1654; withdrew to Basle; travelled in Italy: taught Greek at Strasbnrg; treacherously invited to Brussels, 1556, by Lord Paget and Sir John Mason, and sent prisoner to England, 1556; imprisoned in the Tower; compelled to abjure protestantism, 1556; published Greek texts, translations into Latin, and theological treatises.
Chelle: '''Chelle''' or CHELL, WILLIAM (. [[1550]]), musician ; Mus. Bac. Oxford, 1524; prebendary of Hereford, 1532-59, and precentor, 1554-9; perhaps taught music in London. x. 1831
Chelmeston: '''Chelmeston''' or CHELVESTON, JOHN (ft. [[1297]]), theological writer; a Carmelite friar; taught at Oxford, Bruges, and Brussels.
Chelmsford: '''Chelmsford''' first BARON ([[1794]]-[[1878]]). See
Frederick Thesiger: '''Frederick Thesiger''' .
James Chelstjm: '''James Chelstjm''' ([[1740]] ?-[[1801]]), opponent of Gibbon; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; B.A., 1759; D.D., 1773; rector of Droxford, Hampshire, with other preferment; died insane: pubh'shed sermons, a history of mezzotint engraving, 1786, and two pamphlets on Gibbon's treatment of Christianity, 1776 and 1785.
Thomas Chenery: '''Thomas Chenery''' ([[1826]]-[[1884]]), editor of 'The Times; born at Barbados; educated at Eton and Cambridge; M.A., 1858; barrister: Times correspondent at Constantinople, 1864-6; leader writer to The Times; editor, 1877-84: a great linguist; professor of Arabic, Oxford, 1868-77; one of the Old Testament revisers; wrote on Arabic and Hebrew.
Richard Chenevix: '''Richard Chenevix''' ([[1698]]-[[1779]]), bishop of Waterford and Lismore, of Huguenot extraction; B.A. Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1716; chaplain to the Earl of Scarborough, 17i and to the Earl of Chesterfield, 1728; D.D., 1744; chaplain to Chesterfield when lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1745; bishop of Killaloe, 1745; translated to Waterford, 1746.
Richard Chenevix: '''Richard Chenevix''' ([[1774]]-[[1830]]), chemist and mineralogist; born in Ireland: of Huguenot extraction; began to contribute to French chemical journals, 1798, and to English journals, 1800; F.R.S., 1801; resided in ! Paris, 1808; pubh'shed also dramas and poems,
Walter Chepman: '''Walter Chepman''' ([[1473]] ?-[[1538]] ?), printer, of Edinburgh; clerk in the king's secretary's office, 1494, and was still in the king's service in 1528; general merchant; bought lauds in and near Edinburgh, 1605-9; supplied capital to Andrew M liar, who had learned printing at Rouen, to set up a press in Edinburgh, the first in Scotland; obtained by patent the right to exclude books printed abroad, 1507; issued some poetical pieces, 1608,
Cherbtjry: '''Cherbtjry''' 232
Chesterfield: '''Chesterfield''' and the Aberdeen breviary, 1509-10; perhaps abandoned printing, 1510; dean of guild, 1515; founded chantry in St. Giles's, Edinburgh.
Cherbttry: '''Cherbttry''' or CHIRBTJRY, DAVID (. [[1430]]), bishop of Drouiore, 1427-30; afterwards suffragan to the bishop of St. David's; a Carmelite friar.
Chermside: '''Chermside''' Sm ROBERT ALEXANDER ([[1787]]1860), physician; array surgeon in the Peninsula and at Waterloo; M.D. Edinburgh, 1817; settled as practitioner in Paris, 1821.
Louis Cheron: '''Louis Cheron''' ([[1655]]-[[1725]]), painter and engraver ; born in Paris; travelled in Italy; settled as a painter in Paris before 1687; Huguenot refugee in London, 1695; his reputation mainly based on his book illustrations.
Andrew Cherry: '''Andrew Cherry''' ([[1762]]-[[1812]]), actor and dramatist; bookseller's apprentice in Dublin; joined an Irish strolling company, 1779; attached to the Dublin theatre, 1787; acted in Yorkshire, 1792; returned to Dublin, 1794; acted at Manchester, and (1798) at Bath; at Drury Lane, London, 1802-7; brought out some ten dramatic pieces, 1793-1807, the most successful beingThe Soldier's Daughter a comedy, 1804.
Francis Cherry: '''Francis Cherry''' ([[1665]] ?-17l3), nonjuror ; of Shottesbrooke, Berkshire; entered St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1682; collected books and coins; benefactor of Thomas Hearne; friend of Bishop Ken and other nonjurors,

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Thomas Cherry: '''Thomas Cherry''' ([[1683]]-[[1706]]), friend of Thomas Hearne; of St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, 1700; M.A., 1706: curate of Witney, Oxfordshire.
Andrew Chertsey: '''Andrew Chertsey''' (fi. [[1508]]-[[1532]]), translator into English of French devotional books for Wynkyn de Worde's press.
William Cheselden: '''William Cheselden''' ([[1688]]-[[1752]]), surgeon and anatomist; studied surgery in London; pupil of William Cowper the anatomist, 1703; lectured ou anatomy in London, 1711; F.R.S., 1712; surgeon of St. Thomas's Hospital, 1719-38, of St. George's Hospital, 1734-7, and of Chelsea Hospital, 1737-52; invented the lateral operation for the stone, 1727; published works, including The Anatomy of the Human Body 1713, and Osteographia 1733..
Francis Chesham: '''Francis Chesham''' ([[1749]]-[[1806]]), engraver; first exhibited, 1777.
John Cheshire: '''John Cheshire''' ([[1695]]-[[1762]]), physician ; entered Balliol College, Oxford, 1713; medical practitioner at Leicester; published trite treatises on rheumatism, 1723, and gout, 1747.
Charles Oornwallis Chesney: '''Charles Oornwallis Chesney''' ([[1826]]-[[1876]]), military critic; entered Woolwich, 1843; sub-lieutenant, royal engineers, 1845; stationed in Ireland and the colonies, 1845-56; captain, 1854; professor of military history at Sandhurst; lieutenant-colonel, 1868. His principal works are: 4 Campaigns in Virginia and Maryland 1863,Waterloo Lectures,* 1868, andEssays hi Military Biography 1874.
Francis Rawdon Chesney: '''Francis Rawdon Chesney''' ([[1789]]-[[1872]]), general; served as volunteer against the Irish rebels, 1798; received commission in the royal artillery, 1805; fruitlessly petitioned to be sent on active service; visited Turkey, 1829; surveyed the isthmus of Suez, 1830, and showed that a canal was practicable; explored valley of the Euphrates, 1831, with a view to a trade-route from the Syrian coast to Kurrachee; navigated the lower Euphrates and explored the Tigris, 1835-7; stationed at Hongkong, 1843-7; major-general, 1855: surveyed course of projected railway from Antioch to the Euphrates, 1856; general, 1868; published narratives of his surveys.
Chesney: '''Chesney''' Sm GEORGE TOMKYNS ([[1830]]-[[1895]]), general; brother of Colonel Charles Coruwallls Chesney ; studied at East India Company's College, Addiscombe; second lieutenant, Bengal engineers, 1848; captain, 1858; lieutenant-colonel, 1874; colonel, 1884; colonel-commandant, royal engineers, 1890; general, 1892; served in Indian mutiny; president of engineering college, Calcutta; head of department of accounts, 1860; prepared scheme for Royal Indian Civil Engineering College, Cooper's Hill, 1868; first president, 1871-80; secretary to military department of Indian government, 188U-6; member of governor's council, 1886-91; K.C.B 1H9U; M.P. for Oxford, 1892; published novels and political writings.
Robert Chesnett: '''Robert Chesnett''' IK (d. [[1166]]), or DK QCKH.-K-IO, bishop of Lincoln; archdeacon of Leicester; of u mild disposition; bishop of Lincoln, 1148; injured the see by alienating its estates, pledging the cathedral jewels to Aaron the Jew, and (1163) allowing St. Albaus Abbey exemption from episcopal control: commenced building the bishop's palace at Lincoln, 1155, and bought a London house for the see, 1162; urged Archbishop Becket to submit to the king, 1164.
Jane Agnes Chessar: '''Jane Agnes Chessar''' ([[1835]]-[[1880]]), teacher ; edacated in Edinburgh; teacher in a London seminary, 1852-66; member of the London School Board, 1873-5; died at Brussels.
Robert Chessher: '''Robert Chessher''' ([[1750]]-[[1831]]), surgeon ; studied surgery in London, 1768; practised at Hinckley.
Chesshyre: '''Chesshyre''' Sm JOHN ([[1662]]-[[1738]]), lawyer; of Halwood, Cheshire; entered the Inner Temple, 1696; serjeant-at-law, 1705; endowed a church and library at Halton, Cheshire; knighted before 1733.
Earls Chester: '''Earls Chester''' op. See HUGH, d. [[1101]] ; RAXDULP, d. 1129?; RANDULF, d. 1153; HUGH, d. 1181; BLUXDEVILL, RAXDULF DK, d. 1232; EDMUXD, 1245-1296; MOXTFORT, SIMON OF, 1208?-1265: EDWARD III, 1312-1377; EDWARD, PRIXCE OF WALES, 1330-1376.
Joseph Lemuel Chester: '''Joseph Lemuel Chester''' ([[1821]]-[[1882]]), genealogist; born in Connecticut; went to New York, 1838; merchant's clerk; published verses under the pseudonym of Julian Cramer 1843; removed to Philadelphia, 1846; journalist, and newspaper editor; aide-de-camp to the governor of Philadelphia and titular colonel 1855; settled in London, 1858-82; collected materials for the history of American families from the wills in Doctors Commons, parish registers, the registers of Oxford University and the see of London; chief publications: John Rogers, the compiler of the first Authorised English Bible 1861, andRegisters of the Abbey of St. Peter, Westminster 1876.
Robert Chester: '''Robert Chester''' (ft. [[1182]]), author of astronomical tracts preserved In manuscript in the Bodleian; his Latin version of an Arabic treatise on alchemy, printed, 1564.
Robert Chester: '''Robert Chester''' ([[1566]] ?-[[1640]] ?), poet ; published Love's Martyr 1601, republished, 1611, under the title, The Anuals of Great Brittaine an appendix to the poem containing Shakespeare's Phoenix and Turtle
Roger of Chester: '''Roger of Chester''' (fl. [[1339]]), writer of ' Polycratica Temporum probably a misdescrlption of Ranulf Higden, monk of St. Werburgh's, Chester, and an alternative title of Higden's Polychronicon or Polycraticon
William Op Chester: '''William Op Chester''' (fl. [[1109]]).
Chester: '''Chester''' Sm WILLIAM ([[1509]] ?-[[1595]] ?), lord mayor of London; son of a London draper; educated at Peterhouse, Cambridge; draper in London before 1532; partner in the first sugar refinery in England, 1544; alderman of London, 1553-72; showed kindness to the Protestant martyrs when sheriff, 1564; knighted, 1557; lord mayor, 1660; M.P., London, 1563: honorary M.A. Cambridge, 1667; traded with Russia, the Levant, and the African coast; lived in retirement at Cambridge, 1572 till death; benefactor of Christ's Hospital and of St. Bartholomew's Hospital.
Earls of Chesterfield: '''Earls of Chesterfield''' . See STANHOPE, PHILIP, first EARL, 1584-1666; STANHOPR, PHILIP, second EARL, 1633-1713; STANHOPE, PHILIP DORMER, fourth EARL, 1694-1773; STANHOPE, PHILIP, fifth EARL, 1755-1815.
Countess Op Chesterfield: '''Countess Op Chesterfield''' (d. [[1667]]). See
Catherine Kirkhovkn: '''Catherine Kirkhovkn''' .
Chesterfield: '''Chesterfield''' or WORSHOP, THOMAS (d. 14*1 ?), canon of Lichfield; prebendary of Lichfield, 1425, and of Hereford, 1450; archdeacon of Salop, 1428-30: wrote a chronicle of the bishops of Lichfield down to 1347 (printed 1691).
Chestebs: '''Chestebs''' 233
Cheynell: '''Cheynell'''

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Loud Chesters: '''Loud Chesters''' (. 1C38). Sec HKNHYSON, Sm
Thomas: '''Thomas'''
Thomas Chestre: '''Thomas Chestre''' (. [[1430]]), author of an Arthurian romance in English, The Noble Knighte Syr Launf:il ( printed 1802).
Humphrey Chetham: '''Humphrey Chetham''' ([[1580]]-[[1653]]), founder of the (ht'tham Hospital anil Library, Manchester; son of a Manchester merchant; educated at Manchester grammar school: apprenticed to a linendraper: merchant, woollen-cloth manufacturer, and usurer in Manchester; partner with his brother George in a London grocery busings; bought land in and near Manchester, 1620-8: bequeathed K,ooo. for educating poor boys (Chctham Hospital, opened 1656) and founding a public library.
James Chetham: '''James Chetham''' ([[1640]]-[[1692]]), writer on angling ; publishedThe Angler's Vade Mecum 1681.
Henry Chettle: '''Henry Chettle''' (d. [[1607]] ?), dramatist ; son of a London dyer; stationer's apprentice, 1577; partner in a printing business, 1591; edited Robert Greene'sGroatsworth of Wit 1592; wrote two satirical pamphlets, 1 Kind- Hart's Dreame 1593, andPierce Plainnes... Prentiship 1595: reputed author of thirteen and joint author of thirty-five plays, produced 1698-1603; imprisoned for debt, 1599; published Englande's Mourning Garment an elegy on Queen Elizabeth 1603.
William Chettle: '''William Chettle''' (fl. [[1150]]).
Knightly Chetwood: '''Knightly Chetwood''' ([[1650]]-[[1720]]), dean of Gloucester; educated at Eton and Cambridge: M.A., 1679; chaplain to James II; rector of Great Rissington, Gloucestershire, 1686; prebendary of Wells, 1687; intended by James II for the bishopric of Bristol, 1688; chaplain to the forces in Holland, 1689-1704; D.D., 1691; rector of Little Rissington, 1702; dean of Gloucester, 1707: claimant of the barony of Wahull; published translations from the classics, sermons and verses,
Willlym Rufus Chetwood: '''Willlym Rufus Chetwood''' (d. [[1766]]), dramatist; a London bookseller; published pamphlet on the stage, 1720; prompter at Drury Lane Theatre, 1722-40; imprisoned for debt, 1741; prompter at the Dublin theatre, 1742; imprisoned for debt, 1750; published four dramatic pieces, 1720-3, also a General History of the Stage 1749,The British Theatre: Lives of the... Dramatic Poets 1750, narratives of travels, and tales from the Spanish.
Edward Chetwynd: '''Edward Chetwynd''' ([[1577]]-[[1639]]), divine ; of the Ingestre, Staffordshire, family; B.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1595; D.D., 1616; preacher at Abingdon, 1606, and Bristol, 1607; beneficed; dean of Bristol, 1617.
Chetwynd: '''Chetwynd''' or CHETWIND, JOHN ([[1623]]-[[1692]]), divine; eldest son of Edward Ohetwynd; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1648: presbyterian minister at Wells, 1648; took Anglican orders, 1660; vicar of Temple Church, Bristol; prebendary of Bristol, 1668; published sermons.
Walter Chetwynd: '''Walter Chetwynd''' (d. [[1693]]), antiquary; of Ingestre, Staffordshire; M.P. for Stafford, 1673-85, and for Staffordshire, 1689; encouraged Robert Plot's Natural History of Staffordshire
William Richard Chetwynd Chetwynd: '''William Richard Chetwynd Chetwynd''' , third VISCOUNT CHETWYND (16857-1770), educated at Westminster and Oxford; envoy to Genoa, 1708-12; M.P. for Stafford, 1714-22, for Plymouth, 1722-7, and for Stafford, 1734 till death; master of the mint, 1744-69; succeeded to the Irish viscounty of Chetwynd, 1767.
Chevat: '''Chevat''' TrTR, JOHN ([[1589]]-[[1675]]). chronicler of Jersey; vingtenier of St. Heller's; wrote an account of affairs in Jersey, 1640-51.
Thomas Chevalier: '''Thomas Chevalier''' ([[1767]]-[[1824]]), surgeon ; son of a Huguenot refugee; B.A. Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1792; studied anatomy in London; lectured on anatomy and surgery in London; published surgical treatises, 1797-1823.
Anthony Rodolph Chevallier: '''Anthony Rodolph Chevallier''' ([[1623]]-[[1572]]), hebraist; born in Normandy; learned Hebrew from Francis Vatablus in Paris; embraced protestantism; came to England, c. 1548; patronised by the bishops: settled at Cambridge, 1550; withdrew toStrasbnrg, 1553, to Geneva, 1559, and thenoe to Caen: returned to London, 1568; Hebrew professor at Cambridge, 1569; prebendary of Canterbury, 1570; at Paris, August 1572; died in Guernsey; his chief writings first published in Bryan Walton's Polyglot Bible 1657.
John Chevallier: '''John Chevallier''' (d. [[1846]]), agriculturist; vicar of Aspall, Suffolk, 1817; kept a lunatic asylum there; introduced into practical agriculture the Chevallier barley.
Temple Chevallier: '''Temple Chevallier''' ([[1794]]-[[1873]]), astronomer ; entered Pembroke College, Cambridge, 1813; second wrangler, 1817; B.D. Cambridge, 1825; fellow of Pembroke and of St. Catharine's, Cambridge; vicar of Great St. Andrew's, Cambridge, 1821-4; professor at Durham, 1835-71; canon of Durham, 1865; published sermons, astronomical papers, and translations from the fathers.
Anthony Chewt: '''Anthony Chewt''' (d. [[1595]] ?).
Cheyne: '''Cheyne''' or CHIENE, CHARLES VISCOUNT NEW-
Haven: '''Haven''' ([[1624]] ?-[[1698]]), inherited Cogenho, Northamptonshire, 1644; purchased Chelsea estate with the dowry of his wife, Lady Jane Cheyne, 1657; created a Scottish viscount, 1681; M.P. for Newport, Cornwall, 1695.
George Cheyne: '''George Cheyne''' ([[1671]]-[[1743]]), physician ; studied medicine at Edinburgh; published medical and mathematical tracts, 1702-3; settled in London, c. 1702; removed to Bath; advocated vegetarianism; published treatises on diet and natural theology.
Cheyne: '''Cheyne''' or LE CHEN, HENRY (d. [[1328]]), bishop of Aberdeen, c. 1282; submitted to Edward 1, 1291; declared for Robert Bruce, 1309; said to have built Baldownie Bridge.
James Cheyne: '''James Cheyne''' (d. [[1602]]), philosopher and mathematician; studied at Aberdeen and in France; professor at St. Barbe College, Paris, and at Douay; canon of Tournai; published, 1575-87, Latin treatises on various subjects, including astronomy, geography, and the Aristotelian philosophy.
Lady Jane Cheyne: '''Lady Jane Cheyne''' ([[1621]]-[[1669]]), elder daughter of William Cavendish, first duke of Newcastle; brought up at Welbeck, Nottinghamshire; married, 1654, Charles Oheyne; wrote verses (not published).

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John Cheyne: '''John Cheyne''' ([[1777]]-[[1836]]), medical writer ; edu ratel at Edinburgh; graduated in medicine, 1795; army surgeon; stationed at Leith Fort, 1799; removed to Dublin, 1809; acquired a lucrative practice; appointed physician-general to the forces in Ireland, 1820; retired to Buckinghamshire, 1831; published medical tracts, 1802-21; wrote an autobiography.
Cheyney Cheyne: '''Cheyney Cheyne''' , or CHENEY, Sra THOMAS (I486 ?-1558), treasurer of household, and warden of Cinque ports; knighted, c. 1511; sent on mission to Pope Leo X, 1513-14; sheriff of Kent, 1516: squire of body to Henry VIII, c. 1519; resident ambassador at French court, 1522 and 1526; served in Brittany, 1523; warden of Cinque ports, 1536; treasurer of household, 1539; K.G., 1539; Henry VIII's deputy in Paris at christening of Henry III of France, 1546; M.P. for Kent, 1542, 1544, 1547, 1553, 1554, and 1558; joined opposition to Somerset, 1549; took field against Wyatt, 1554; retained his offices under Mary and Elizabeth.
Sir William Cheyne: '''Sir William Cheyne''' (d. [[1438]]?), judge; serjeant-at-law, 1410; justice of the king's bench, 1415; chief-justice, 1424 till death; knighted, 1426. Probably not identical with the William Cheyne who was recorder of London in 1379.
William Cheyne: '''William Cheyne''' , second VISCOUNT NEWHAVEW (1657-1738), lord-lieutenant of Buckinghamshire, 17121714; M.P., Buckinghamshire, under Queen Anne: sold Chelsea Manor, 1712.
Francis Cheynell: '''Francis Cheynell''' ([[1608]]-[[1665]]), puritan ; son of an Oxford physician; fellow of Merton College, 1629; M.A., 1633; was refused the degree of B.D. because of his Oalvinist opinions; vicar of Marston St. Lawrence, Northamptonshire, 1637; plundered by the king's troops, c. 1642; chaplain in the parliamentary army: member of the Westminster Assembly, 1643; intruded rector of
Cheyney: '''Cheyney''' 234
Child: '''Child''' Petworth, Sussex, 1643-60; violent adversary of William Chilliugworth, 1643-4; one of the parliamentary visitors of Oxford University, 1647; intruded president of St. John's College, Oxford, 1648-50; Lady Margaret professor of divinity, 1648-52; D.D., 1649; retired to his estate at Preston, Sussex, c. 1660; published works of controversial divinity, 1643-7.
John Cheyney: '''John Cheyney''' (fl. [[1677]]), congregationalist preacher in Cheshire, 1674; published four bitter pamphlete against Quakerism, 1676-7.
Richard Cheyney: '''Richard Cheyney''' ([[1513]]-[[1679]]), bishop of Gloucester; fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; M.A., 1532: B.D., 1540; courtier of Edward VI: beneflced in Buckingham, Hereford, Gloucester, and Warwick shires; disputed against transubstantiation, 1553; canon of Gloucester, 1558, and of Westminster, 1560; bishop of Gloucester, 1562, with Bristol in commendam; of decided Lutheran opinions; strongly opposed the Thirty-nine Articles, 1563; gave great offence by preaching Lutheran doctrines, 1668; D.D. Cambridge, 1569; reluctantly signed the articles, 1571.
James Chibald: '''James Chibald''' (6. [[1612]]), royalist divine ; son of William Ohibald; chorister of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1624; M.A., 1633; rector of St. Nicholas Cole Abbey, London, 1641; sequestrated by parliament, 1642.
William Ohibald: '''William Ohibald''' ([[1575]]-[[1641]]), divine ; chorister of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1588; M.A., 1599; rector of St. Nicholas Cole Abbey, London, 1604-1640-1; published sermons and devotional tracts.
Chichele: '''Chichele''' or CHICHELEY, HENRY ([[1362]] ?-[[1443]]), archbishop of Canterbury; son of a yeoman of Highain Ferrer?, Northamptonshire; patronised by William of Wykeham; educated at Winchester, 1373, and New College, Oxford, 1387; fellow, 1389; B.C.L., 1390; beneficed in Wales, 1391; D.O.L.; rector of St. Stephen's, Walbrook, 1396-7; advocate in court of arches; prebendary of Salisbury, 1397-1409; archdeacon of Dorset, 1397; canon of Abergwilly, and of Lichfleld, 1400; vicar of Odihatn, Hampshire, 1402; archdeacon of Salisbury, 1402-4; chancellor of Salisbury, 1404-10; rector of Melcombe, Dorset, and of Sherston, Wiltshire; envoy to Pope Innocent VII, 1405, and to Gregory XII, 1407; bishop of St. David's, 1408 (enthroned, 1411); envoy to the council of Pisa, 1409; envoy to France, 1410 and 1413; archbishop of Canterbury, 1414; assented to the French war; appointed a special thanksgiving for Agincourt, 1415; active in proceedings against lollardism, 1416-22; with Henry V in France, 1418; negotiated surrender of Rouen, 1419; provided for independence of Gallican church, 1420; Infringed the independence of the primacy by recalling an indulgence at the order of Pope Martin V, 1422; undertook visitation of his province, 1423; founded college and hospital at Higham Ferrers, 1424; upheld in council the Duke of Gloucester against Bishop Beaufort, 1424-31; endeavoured, under orders from Pope Martin V, to get the anti-papal statutes repealed, 1427-8; slighted by Pope Eugenius IV, 1438-9; benefactor of Canterbury Cathedral; founded the Chichele chest in Oxford University for relief of poor students; built a house for Cistercians in Oxford: founded All SoulsCollege, Oxford, 1437; consecrated its chapel, 1443.
Sir John Chicheley: '''Sir John Chicheley''' (d. [[1691]]), rear-admiral; captain in the navy, 1663; knighted, 1665; served in Dutch war, 1665-6, in Mediterranean, 1668-71, and in Dutch war, 1672-3; rear-admiral, 1673; commissioner of the navy, 1675-80; commissioner of the admiralty, 1681-4 and 1689-90.
Sir Thomas Chicheley: '''Sir Thomas Chicheley''' ([[1618]]-[[1694]]), mastergeneral of the ordnance; of Wimple, Cambridgeshire: high sheriff, 1637; M.P. for Cambridgeshire, 1640; ejected by the roundheads, 1642; M.P. for Cambridgeshire, 1661; knighted, 1670; master-general of the ordnance, 1670-4; M.P. for Cambridge town, 1678-9, 1685, 1689; lived extravagantly, and was obliged to sell Wimple, 1686.
Eaiu Chichester: '''Eaiu Chichester''' .S OF. See LRIOH, FRANCIS, first EARL, d. 1653; WRIOTHEBLKY; THOMAS, second EARL, 1607-1677; PKLHAM, THOMAS, first EARL of the third creation, 1728-1805; PKLHAM, THOMAS, second EARL, 1766-1826; PKI.HAM, HKNHY THOMAS, third EARL, 1804-1886.
Arthur Chichester: '''Arthur Chichester''' , BARON OHICHKSTKR of Belfast (1563-1625), lord deputy of Ireland; entered Exeter College, Oxford, 1583; assaulted a royal purveyor, and prudently withdrew to Ireland, where he remaim*! till pardon was granted; served against the Armudu, 1588, in DrakeS expedition, 1595, in Essex's Cadiz expedition, 1596, in France, 1597, and in the Low Countrir-; knighted, 1597; colonel of a regiment at Drogheda, 1598; governor of Oarrickfergus, and active against the Irish insurgents, 1599-1603; lord-deputy, 1604-14; aimed at disarming the natives and breaking down the dim system; forced by James I into repressive measuria against Roman catholics, 1605-7; advocated translation of the common prayer book in to Irish, 1607-8; endeavoured to pacify Ulster, 1607-8; engaged in planting Ulster with Scottish colonists; created Baron Chichester, 1613; recalled in consequence of his reluctance to resume repression of the Roman catholics, November 1614; lord treasurer of Ireland, 1616-25; envoy to the Elector Palatine, 1622; opposed war with Spain, 1624.
Arthur Chichester: '''Arthur Chichester''' , first EARL OP DONEGAL (1606-1675), captain in the Irish army, 1627; M.P., Antrim, 1639; raised troops against Irish rebels, 1641; governor of Oarrickfergus, 1643-4; refused the covenant, 1644; created Earl of Donegal, i647; one of the hostages for Ormonde, 1647; governor of Carrickfergus, 1661-75; benefactor of Trinity College, Dublin.
Sir Charles Chichester: '''Sir Charles Chichester''' ([[1795]]-[[1847]]), lieutenant-colonel; educated at Stonyhurst; ensign of foot, 1811; lieutenant, 1812; served in Mediterranean stations, 1811-17, in India, 1817-21, and America, 1821; major, 1826; lieutenant-colonel, 1831; brigadier-t?eneral of the British legion against the Oarlists, 1835-8; knighted, 1840; commanded his regiment in American stations; died at Toronto.
Frederick Richard Chichester: '''Frederick Richard Chichester''' , styled by courtesy EARL OP BELFAST (1827-1853), author; educated at Eton; gave lectures in Belfast, 1851; died at Naples; wrote essays and tales.
Henry Manners Chichester: '''Henry Manners Chichester''' ([[1832]]-[[1894]]), writer on military history; lieutenant in 86th regiment; served at Mauritius and Cape of Good Hope: assisted in compiling and editing works on military history; contributed extensively to Dictionary of National Biography; assisted in preparation of Records and Badges of Regiments in British Army 1895.
Robert Chichester: '''Robert Chichester''' (d. [[1155]]), bishop of Exeter, 1138-55; dean of Salisbury.
Thomas Chiffinch: '''Thomas Chiffinch''' ([[1600]]-[[1666]]), closet-keeper to Charles II; page to Charles I, 1641; page to Charles, prince of Wales, 1645, attending him during his exile; keeper of the king's jewels, 1660; receiver-general of the revenues of the plantations, 1663.
William Chiffinch: '''William Chiffinch''' ([[1602]] ?-[[1688]]), page to Charles II before 1666; closet-keeper after the death of his brother Thomas; employed in secret and confidential transactions; received Charles's French pension for him; closet-keeper to James II.
Samuel Chiffney: '''Samuel Chiffney''' , theelder ([[1753]] ?-[[1807]]), jockey ; jockey and trainer at Newmarket, 1770-1806; won the Oaks, 1782, and the Derby, 1789; suspected, along with his employer, George, prince of Wales, of dishonest riding, 1790-1; published an autobiography, 1796 and 1800: invented a bit for horses.
Samuel Chiffney: '''Samuel Chiffney''' , the younger ([[1786]]-[[1864]]), jockey and trainer at Newmarket, 1802-51; won the Oaks five times and the Derby twice; son of Samuel Ohiffney the elder

[edit] Section 265

William Chiffney: '''William Chiffney''' ([[1784]]-[[1862]]), trainer at Newmarket; son of Samuel Ohiffney the elder
Thomas Chilcot: '''Thomas Chilcot''' (d. [[1766]]), organist of Bath Abbey, 1733; composed songs and concertos,
Sir Francis Child: '''Sir Francis Child''' , the elder ([[1642]]-[[1713]]), banker; goldsmith's apprentice in London, 1656-64; married, 1671, Elizabeth Wheeler, heiress of the wealthy goldsmiths of that name; in partnership with Robert Blauchard (d. 1681), his wife's stepfather, 1677, at the Marygold in partnership as Francis Child and John Rogers, 1681; gave up goldsmith's and pawnbroker's business and con
Child: '''Child''' 235
Chippendale: '''Chippendale''' final himself to banking, 1690; alderman of London, 1689: knighted, 1689; sheriff, 1690; lonl mayor, 1698-9; M.P. for city of London, 1705 and 1708, and for Devizes, 1710; benefactor of Christ's Hospital.
Child: '''Child''' Sm FRANCIS, the younger ([[1684]]?-[[1740]]), banker; younger son of Sir Francis Child the elder; head of the firm of Francis Child & Co., 1721; alderman of London, 1721; sheriff, 1722; M.P. for city of London, 1722, and for Middlesex, 1727 and 1734; lord mayor, 1731-2; knighted, 1732.
John Child: '''John Child''' ([[1638]]?-[[1684]]), baptist preacher: born at Bedford; artisan and baptist preacher at Newport Pagnel; removed to London; published pamphlets arguing against dissent from the church, 1682; hanged himself; bis death regarded as a judgment* against apostacy.
Child: '''Child''' Sm JOHN (rf. [[1690]]), governor of Bombay; brother of Sir Josiah Child; went to India as a boy; in the East India Company's service at Rajahpur; transferred to Surat, 1680; tried to suppress the Bombay mutiny, 1683; captain-general of the company's forces, 1684; created baronet, 1685; removed to Bombay, 1685; given authority over all the company's possessions, 1686; involved the company in wan with A"rangzib, 1689; charged with tyrannical conduct and want of faith with natives; died at Bombay.
Child: '''Child''' Sm JOSIAH ([[1630]]-[[1699]]), author of 'A new Discourse of Trade 1668 (4th edition, 1693); son of a London merchant; naval store-dealer at Portsmouth, 1655; mayor of Portsmouth; bought Wanstead Abbey, 1673; created baronet, 1678; despotic chairman of East India Company; retained power by bribing the court.
William Child: '''William Child''' ([[1606]]?-[[1697]]), musician ; chorister at Bristol; clerk and assistant organist of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, 1630; Mua. Bac. Oxford, 1631; sole organist of St. George's Chapel, 1634; said to have been also organist of the Chapel Royal, Whitehall; ejected by the puritans, 1643; restored, 1660; chanter of the Chapel Royal, Whitehall; composer to the king; Mus. Doc. Oxford, 1663; published twenty anthems, 1639; much of bis music still in manuscript.
El Childe: '''El Childe''' 1AS (fl. [[1798]]-[[1848]]), landscape painter. lx. 247
Henry Langdon Childe: '''Henry Langdon Childe''' ([[1781]]-[[1874]]), inventor of dissolving views; perfected the magic lantern; adapted the limelight to it; gave popular lantern lectures in London and the provinces; devised double lanterns and dissolving views, 1807.
James Warren Childe: '''James Warren Childe''' ([[1780]]-[[1862]]), miniature painter; exhibited landscapes, 1798; exhibited miniatures, 1815-53.
John Chllderley: '''John Chllderley''' ([[1565]]-[[1645]]), divine ; entered Merchant TaylorsSchool, 1575; fellow of St. John's College, Oxford, 1579; D.D., 1603; beneficed in London and Essex; sequestrated as a royalist, 1643.
Hugh Culling Eardlby Cheldees: '''Hugh Culling Eardlby Cheldees''' ([[1827]]1896), statesman; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1850; inspector of schools, Melbourne, 1851, and, later, secretary to education department and emigration agent at port of Melbourne; auditor-general and member of legislative council, 1852; first vice-chancellor of Melbourne University; collector of customs and member of executive council, 1853; member for Portland in parliament of Victoria, 1856; agent-general for Victoria in London, 1857; M.P. for Pontefract, 1860-85: member of royal commission on penal servitude, 1863; financial secretary to treasury, 1865-6; appointed first lord of admiralty and privy councillor, 1868; resigned office, 1871: chancellor of duchy of Lancaster, 1872-3; secretary of state for war, 1880-2; produced successful scheme of army reform, 1881; chancellor of exchequer, 1882-5; M.P. for South Edinburgh, 1886; home secretary, 1886; supported Gladstone's home rule bill.
Robert Childers: '''Robert Childers''' C-2ESAR ([[1838]]-[[1876]]), orientalist; civil servant in Ceylon, 1860; studied Sinhalese, Pali, and Buddhist sacred books; returned to England, 1864; sub-librarian at the India Office, 1872; professor of Pali, University College, London, 1873; edited Pali texts, 1869-74; compiled the first Pali dictionary, 1872-5; established the Aryan character of Sinhalese, 1873-5.
George Children: '''George Children''' ([[1742]]-[[1818]]X electrician ; B.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1762; barrister of the Middle Temple; banker at Tuubridge; studied galvanic electricity, 1802.
John George Children: '''John George Children''' ([[1777]]-[[1852]]), scientist ; only son of George Children; educated at Eton and Cambridge; F.R.S., 1807; published notes on electricity, 1808-15; employed in the British Museum, 1816-40; translated chemical tracts, 1819-22; studied entomology.
Joshua Childrey: '''Joshua Childrey''' ( [[1623]]-[[1670]]), antiquary ; clerk of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1640; B.A., 1646; schoolmaster at Faversham, 1648; M.A., 1661; prebendary of Salisbury, rector of Upwey, Dorsetshire, and archdeacon of Sarum, 1664; published two astrological tracts, 1652-3, and Britannia Baconica 1660.
Charles Childs: '''Charles Childs''' ([[1807]]-[[1876]]), head of John Childs & Sou, printers, Bungay, Suffolk; son of John Childs
John Childs: '''John Childs''' ([[1783]]-[[1853]]), printer, of Bungay, Suffolk; issued cheap editions of standard authors and annotated bibles; a quaker; refused to pay church rates, 1836.
Robert Childs: '''Robert Childs''' (d. [[1837]]), brother and partner of John Childs
Edmund Chillenden: '''Edmund Chillenden''' (. [[1656]]), author of Preaching without Ordination 1647; lieutenant, afterwards captain, in the parliamentary army.
James Chillester: '''James Chillester''' (. [[1571]]), translator from the French of A most excellent Hystorie of... Christian Princes
John Chillingworth: '''John Chillingworth''' (fl. [[1360]]), mathematician; fellow of Merton College, Oxford; wrote on astrology and mathematics.

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John Chillingworth: '''John Chillingworth''' (d. [[1445]]), astronomer ; fellow of Merton College, Oxford; junior proctor, 1441.
William Chillingworth: '''William Chillingworth''' ([[1602]]-[[1644]]), theologian; son of an Oxford mercer; godson of William Laud; scholar of Trinity College, Oxford, 1618; M.A., 1624; fellow, 1628; one of Laud's Oxford informers, 1628; disputed against Roman Catholicism with John Fisher Jesuit; embraced Romanism and went to Douay, 1630; returned to Oxford, 1631; abjured Romanism, 1634; violently attacked by Romanist writers, especially (1636) by Edward Knott; published The Religion of Protestants a safe Way of Salvation 1638; prebendary and chancellor of Salisbury, 1638; wrote against the Scots; with the king's army at Gloucester, 1643; taken prisoner at Arundel Castle, 1643; harassed by Francis Cheynell
Chilmark: '''Chilmark''' or CHYLMARK, JOHN (Ji. [[1386]]), schoolman; M.A. and fellow of Merton College, Oxford.
Edmund Chilmead: '''Edmund Chilmead''' ([[1610]]-[[1654]]), sometimes erroneously styled Edward miscellaneous writer; clerk of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1625-32; M.A., 1632; chaplain of Christ Church, Oxford, 1632; ejected, 1648; hackwriter in London; compiled a catalogue of Greek manuscripts in Bodleian, 1636; published translations and pamphlets, 1640-60; composed songs; his translation of , Malalas was published 1691.
George Chinnery: '''George Chinnery''' (fl. [[1766]]-[[1846]]), portrait and landscape painter; exhibited in London, 1766; in Dublin, 1798; at Canton, 1830; visited India; published etchings ! of Oriental heads 1839-40; died at Macao,
Edmund Thomas Chipp: '''Edmund Thomas Chipp''' ([[1823]]-[[1886]]), composer ; eldest son of Thomas Paul Ohipp; chorister of the Chapel Royal, Whitehall; organist of various London churches, 1843-62; professional violinist; Mus.Bac. Cambridge, 1859; Mas. Doc., 1860; organist in Belfast, 1862-6; organist of Ely Cathedral, 1866-86; published music.
Thomas Paul Chipp: '''Thomas Paul Chipp''' ([[1793]]-[[1870]]), musician: chorister of Westminster Abbey; harpist; drummer; member of London orchestras, 1818-70.
Mary Jane Chippendale: '''Mary Jane Chippendale''' ([[1837]] 7-[[1888]]), actress; nie Seaman; married William Henry Chippendale, 1866; at Lyceum and in America with (Sir) Henry Irving.
Chippendale: '''Chippendale''' 236
Ohou: '''Ohou''' ffONBELE
Thomas Chippendale: '''Thomas Chippendale''' (. [[1760]]), furniture maker, of London; publishedThe Geiitleman and Cabinet Milker's Director 1762.
William Henry Chippendale: '''William Henry Chippendale''' ([[1801]]-[[1888]]), actor; apprenticed as printer and auctioneer; appeared as David in Rivals at Montrose, 1819 at Park Theatre, NVv York, 1836-53; appeared as Sir Anthony Absolute at Haymarket, 1853; and Inter as Malvolio, Adam, and Hardens tie; at Lyceum, as Polouius, 1874.
David Chirbury: '''David Chirbury''' (. [[1430]]).
Lobd Op Chirk: '''Lobd Op Chirk''' ([[1256]] ?-[[1326]]). See MORTIMER, BbCHBL
Chisenhale: '''Chisenhale''' or CHISENHALL, EDWARD (d. 1653 ?), historian; colonel in Charles I's army; published 'Catholike History 1653, in favour of the church of England.
Aeneas Chisholm: '''Aeneas Chisholm''' ([[1759]]-[[1818]]), Scottish catholic prelate; educated at Valladolid; tutor at Douay, 1786; priest in Strathglass, 1789; titular bishop of Diocaesarea, 1805; coadjutor, 1805, and vicar-apostolic, 1814, of the highland district.
Alexander Chisholm: '''Alexander Chisholm''' ([[1792]] ?-[[1847]]), portrait and historical painter; weaver's apprentice at Peterhead; removed to Edinburgh; came to London, 1818; exhibited, 1820-47.
Archibald Chisholm: '''Archibald Chisholm''' (d. [[1877]]), officer in the East India Company's service, 1817-45; captain, 1833; major.
Caroline Chisholm: '''Caroline Chisholm''' ([[1808]]-[[1877]]), the emigrant's friend; n6e Jones; married Archibald Chisholm, 1830; opened schools for soldiersdaughters, Madras, 1832; opened home for female immigrants, Sydney, 1841; came to London", 1846; wrote on emigration, 1850; returned to Australia, 1854; returned to England, 1866; pensioned, 1867.
Colin Chisholm: '''Colin Chisholm''' (d. [[1825]]), medical writer ; surgeon in the West Indies, 1796; practitioner in Bristol, c. 1800.
John Chisholm: '''John Chisholm''' ([[1752]]-[[1814]]), Scottish catholic prelate; educated at Douay; titular bishop of Oria, 1792: vicar-apostolic of highland district, 1792-1814.
Walter Chisholm: '''Walter Chisholm''' ([[1856]]-[[1877]]), poet; a Berwickshire shepherd; wrote verses in the local papers, 1875. Poems by him appeared in 1879.
William Chisholm: '''William Chisholm''' I (d. [[1564]]), bishop of Dunblane, 1527-64; a man of infamous character; alienated the episcopal estates to his illegitimate children,
William Ii Chisholm: '''William Ii Chisholm''' (d. [[1593]]), bishop of Dunblane; coadjutor to his uncle, William Chisholm I, 1561; bishop of Dunblane, 1664: envoy for Mary Queen of Scots, 1566-7; withdrew to France before 1570; deposed, 1573; bishop of Vaison, France, 1570-84; monk of the Chartreuse; prior of the Chartreuse at Lyons and Rome.
William Iii Chisholm: '''William Iii Chisholm''' (d. [[1629]]), bishop of Vaison, 1584, in succession to his uncle, William Ohisnolm II; intrigued in Scottish affairs, 1602, wishing to obtain the cardiualate, in the interest of the Scottish catholics; rector of the Veuaissin, 1603-29.

[edit] Section 267

Edmund Chishull: '''Edmund Chishull''' ([[1671]]-[[1733]]), antiquary; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1687; M.A., 1693; fellow, 1696; B.D., 1705; chaplain at Smyrna, 1698-1702; vicar of Walthamstow, Essex, 1708-33, with other preferment; published Latin verses, uumismatical notes, notes of travel, and Antiquitates Asiatic-re 1728.
John Uk Chishull: '''John Uk Chishull''' (l. [[1280]]), bishop of London ; rector of Isleham, Cambridgeshire, 1262, and of Upwell, Norfolk, 1256; archdeacon of London, 1262-8; clerk of Henry III; envoy to Paris, 1263; baron and chancellor of the exchequer, 1264; provost of Beverley, 1264; dean of St. Paul's, 1268; lord treasurer, 1269: bishop of London, 1274-80; his duties performed by deputies, 1280.
Richard Chiswell: '''Richard Chiswell''' , the elder ([[1639]]-[[1711]]), pubUsher at the Rose and Crown Paul's Churchyard.
Richard Chiswell: '''Richard Chiswell''' , the younger ([[1673]]-[[1751]]) traveller- son of Richard Chiswell the elder a Turkey merchant; travelled in the East; MlCable 1714; bought Debden Hall, Essex, 1715.
Trench Chiswell: '''Trench Chiswell''' , originally RICHARD Mrii.-
Max: '''Max''' ([[1735]]7-[[1797]]), antiquary ; son of a Dutch merchant; changed his name on succeeding to the Debden Hall estate, 1772; M.P., Aldborough, Yorkshire: collected notes relating to history of Essex: committed suicide.
Henry Chitting: '''Henry Chitting''' (d. [[1638]]), Chester heraM.'lGlH ; visited Berkshire, Gloucestershire, and Lincolnshire.
Edward Chitty: '''Edward Chitty''' ([[1804]]-[[1863]]), legal reporter; third son of Joseph Ohitty the elder; barrister, 1829; equity draughtsman; publishedEquity Index 1831, and bankruptcy cases Deacon and Ohitty. ls:;31839: subsequently lived in Jamaica.
Joseph Chitty: '''Joseph Chitty''' , the younger (d. [[1838]]), special pleader; sou of Joseph Chitty the elder; author Of Ohitty on Contracts 1841, and other legal works.
Joseph Chitty: '''Joseph Chitty''' , the elder ([[1776]]-[[1841]]), legal writer; special pleader; barrister, 1816; retired from practice, 1833; published law manuals, 1799-1837.
Sir Joseph William Chitty: '''Sir Joseph William Chitty''' ([[1828]]-[[1899]]), judge; son of Thomas Chitty; educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford; M.A., 1855; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1856; bencher, 1875; treasurer, 1895; Q.O., 1874; M.P. for Oxford, 1880: appointed justice of high court, chancery division, and knighted, 1881; lord justice of appeal, 1897; nominated judge under the Benefices Act, 1898.
Thomas Chitty: '''Thomas Chitty''' ([[1802]]-[[1878]]), legal writer ; special pleader, 1820-77; edited standard law books, 1835-45; publishedChitty's Forms(of practical proceedings), 1834.
Sir Richard Choke: '''Sir Richard Choke''' (d. [[1483]] ?), judge ; pleader by 1441; serjeant-at-law, 1453; bought Long Ashton, Somerset, 1464; justice of common pleas, 1461 till death; knighted, 1464.
Hugh Cholmley: '''Hugh Cholmley''' ([[1574]] ?-[[1641]]), controversialist; schoolfellow of Bishop Joseph Hall; entered Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1589; M.A., 1596; beneficed at Tiverton, 1604; canon of Exeter, 1632; published The State of the Now-Romane Church 1629.
Sir Hugh Cholmley: '''Sir Hugh Cholmley''' ([[1600]]-[[1657]]), royalist ; educated at Cambridge and Gray's Inn; M.P., Scarborough, 1624-6 and 1640; refused to pay ship-money, 1639; actively opposed Straff ord, 1640; raised troops in Yorkshire for parliament, 1642; fought half-heartedly for parliament in Yorkshire, 1642-3; joined the queen at York, 1643; held Yorkshire coast for Charles I; taken prisoner, 1645; withdrew to Rouen; returned, 1649; imprisoned, 1651; wrote an autobiography, 1656 (printed, 1787).
Sir Roger Cholmley: '''Sir Roger Cholmley''' (d. [[1565]]), judge ; of Lincoln's Inn; serjeant-at-law, 1531; recorder of London, 1535-45; knighted, 1537; M.P. for London, 1542; chief baron of the exchequer, 1646; commissioner to suppress the chantries, 1547; chief- justice of king's bench, 1552; deprived by Queen Mary, 1553; founded Highgate grammar school, 1562.
William Cholmley: '''William Cholmley''' (d. [[1584]]), grocer, of London ; wrote, 1553, a political tract (first printed, 1863), entitled The Request and Suite of a True-hearted Englishman
George Cholmondeley: '''George Cholmondeley''' , second EARL OF
Oholmoxdbley: '''Oholmoxdbley''' (rf. [[1733]]), general ; brother of Hugh Oholmondeley, first earl; educatedat Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford: cornet of horse, 1686; in arms for Prince of Orange, 1688; cavalry officer at the Boyue, 1690, and Steinkirk, 1692; hon. D.C.L. Oxford, 1695; major-general, 1702; created Baron Newborough, 1716; succeeded as second Earl of Cholmondeley, 1724; general of horse, 1727; governor of Guernsey, 1732.
Cholmondeley: '''Cholmondeley''' or CHOLMLEY, SIR HUGH (1513-1596), soldier; of Cholmondeley, Cheshire; knighted for service in Scotland, 1542; served against the Scots, 1657; high sheriff of Cheshire.
Cholmondeley: '''Cholmondeley''' 237
Christina: '''Christina'''
Hugh Cholmondeley: '''Hugh Cholmondeley''' , first KKI, of CHOLMON-
Kv Hki: '''Kv Hki''' ('. 17:' i). MI.'. vtiini as Viscount OholmondflUj ol Kells, 1681; created Baron Cholmondeley, in the peerage of England, 1G8'J, and Earl of Cholmoudeley, 1706; treasurer of the household, 1708-13 and 1714-24.
Mary Cholmondeley: '''Mary Cholmondeley''' , LADY ([[1563]]-[[1626]]), litigant; l;uighter of Charles Holford (. 15H1), of Holfonl, Cheshire: married, c. 1580, Sir Hugh Uholuiondeley: litigation concerning her patrimony, begun 1581, endetl, by compromise, c. 1620.

[edit] Section 268

Robert Cholmondeley: '''Robert Cholmondeley''' , EAKL OP LKINBTKR (1584 V-1659), eldest son of Sir Hugh Oholmondeley ; created baronet, 1611; created Viscount Oholmondeley of Kells, 1628; raised troops in Cheshire for Charles 1, 1642; created Baron Choliuondeley, in the peerage of England, 1645; created Earl of Leiuster, 1646; fined by parliament.
Charles Choeley: '''Charles Choeley''' ([[1810]] V-[[1874]]), journalist at Truro; printed privately translations from various languages,
Henry Fothergill Chorley: '''Henry Fothergill Chorley''' ([[1808]]-[[1872]]), critic; clerk in Liverpool; wrote for magazines, 1827; contributed musical criticisms to the Athenaeum 18301868; resided in London, on the staff of the Athenaeum 1833-66; wrote unsuccessful novels and dramas, 18361859, memoirs on music, 1841-62, a life of Mrs. Hemans, 1836, and an autobiography.
John Rutter Chorley: '''John Rutter Chorley''' ( [[1807]]?- [[1867]]), poet ; clerk in Liverpool; secretary to Grand Junction railway between Liverpool and Birmingham; removed to London; contributed to the Athenaeum 1846-54; published The Wife's Litany a rhyming drama, 1865; gave to the British Museum his fine collection of Spanish plays.
Josiah Chorley: '''Josiah Chorley''' (rf.[[1719]]?), presbyterian minister; M.A.; presbyterian minister at Norwich, 1691 till death: published an Index to the Bible appending A Poetical Meditation 1711.
Richard Chorley: '''Richard Chorley''' (Jl. [[1757]]), presbyterian minister in Norfolk; son of Josiah Chorley
Chor: '''Chor''' 1TON, JOHN ([[1666]]-[[1705]]), presbyterian divine ; educated in Richard Fraukland's academy, 1682; presbyterian pastor in Manchester, 1687-1705; conducted a presbyteriau divinity college in Manchester, 1699-1705.
Chrismas: '''Chrismas'''
Edward Christian: '''Edward Christian''' (d. [[1823]]), lawyer; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1779; fellow, 1780-9; barrister of Gray's Inn, 1786; failed on circuit; professor of law at Cambridge, 1788; chief-justice of Isle of Ely; published legal treatises, 1790-1821.
Fletcher Christian: '''Fletcher Christian''' (ft. [[1789]]), mutineer; master's mate of the exploring ship Bounty, 1787; headed the mutiny in the Pacific, 28 April 1789, against William Bligh, commander of the ship; sailed to Tahiti; reported to have been in England, 1809.
Christian: '''Christian''' Sm HUGH OLOBERRY ([[1747]]-[[1798]]), rear-admiral; served, chiefly in Mediterranean, 1761-71; captain, 1778; served in West Indies, 1779-82; rearadmiral, 1795; knighted, 1796; cominauder-iu-chief in West Indies, 1796, and at the Cape, 1798.
Thomas Christian: '''Thomas Christian''' (d. [[1799]]), translator into Manx of part of Paradise Lost 1796; vicar of Kirk Marown, Man, 1779-99.
William Christian: '''William Christian''' I[[608]]-[[1663]]), iLUAMDnO.VE ( Brown-haired William ) of Manx story; third sou of one of the deemsters of Man; his family, with others, irritated by the laud policy of James, seventh earl of Derby and tenth lord of Man; received from his father UoualdBway estate, 1643; receiver-general of Man, 16481658; appointed commander of Manx troops, August 1651, by the Earl of Derby (beheaded 15 Oct.); headed an insurrection against the Counters of Derby; surrendered Man to the parliamentary forces, 1661; compelled the countess to surrender Rusheu and Peel castles, November 1661; governor of Man, 1656; superseded and accused of peculation, 1658; escaped to England; imprisoned in London, 1660; returned to Man, confiding in the Act of Indemnity, c. 1661; arrested by Charles, eighth carl of Derby, September 16G2: appealed to Charles II; found guilty of treason by the Manx authorities, under great pre-sure from the earl, 29 Dec. 16K2; executed, 2 Jan. Ida Charles II expressed great indignation at the proeee. liners, punished tin- iluenish-rs and governor, and restored Ronaldsway to Christian's son.
Alexander Christie: '''Alexander Christie''' ([[1807]]-[[1860]]), historical painter; educated in Edinburgh; served apprenticeship to a writer to the signet; studied art in Edinburgh (1H3H), London, and Paris; art teacher in the Edinburgh School of Art, 1843; exhibited in Edinburgh,
Hugh Christie: '''Hugh Christie''' ([[1710]]-[[1774]]), schoolmaster; M.A. Aberdeen, 1730; rector of Brechin, afterwards of Montrose, academy; published a Latin grammar and primer, 1758-60.
James Christie: '''James Christie''' , the elder([[1730]]-[[1803]]), auctioneer in London, 1766-1803.
James Christie: '''James Christie''' , the younger ([[1773]]-[[1831]]), antiquary and auctioneer; eldest son of James Christie the elder; educated at Eton; took over his father's business, 1803; wrote on the antiquity of chess, 1801, Etruscan vases, 1806, Greek vases, 1822-5, and sculpture, 1833 (posthumously published).
Richard Copley Christie: '''Richard Copley Christie''' ([[1830]]-[[1901]]), scholar and bibliophile; B.A. Lincoln College, Oxford, 1853; M.A. 1855; professor of ancient and modern history, 1854-66, political economy and commercial science, 1856-66, and jurisprudence and law, 1855-69, Owens College, Manchester, holding chairs in plurality; called to bar at Lincoln's Inn, 1857; governor and member of council of Owens College, Manchester, 1870; member of council and university court, Victoria University, 1880; hon. LL.D., 1895; chancellor of see of Manchester, 1872-94; became joint-legatee of Sir Joseph Whitworth, 1887, and was subsequently a munificent benefactor of Owens College; chairman of Chetham Society, 1883-1901; bequeathed his library to Owens College; contributed to theDictionary of National Biography and Encyclopaedia Britannica Hie publications includeEtieime Dolet, the Martyr of the Renaissance 1880.
Samuel Hunter Christie: '''Samuel Hunter Christie''' ([[1784]]-[[1865]]), mathematician; son of James Christie the elder; entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1800; second wrangler, 1805; mathematical teacher and professor at Woolwich Military Academy, 1806-54; F.R.S., 1826; studied magnetism, and served constantly upon the compass committee; contributed to scientific journals,
Thomas Christie: '''Thomas Christie''' ([[1761]]-[[1796]]), political writer ; banker's clerk; studied science privately; studied medicine in London (1784) and Edinburgh; contributed scientific papers to theGentleman's Magazine 1784; wrote for the Analytical Review; published his Miscellanies 1789; visited Paris, 1789; wrote in defence of the French revolution, 1790-1; returned to Paris, 1792; wrote, for the National Assembly an English version of the new French constitution; partner in a London carpet factory, 1792; died at Surinam.
Thomas Christie: '''Thomas Christie''' ([[1773]]-[[1829]]), physician ; educated at Aberdeen; surgeon in the East India Company's service, Ceylon, 1797-1810; introduced vaccination there, 1802; M.D. Aberdeen, 1810; practitioner in Cheltenham, 1810-29; physician extraordinary to the prince regent, 1813; wrote on Vaccination in Ceylon 1811.
William Christie: '''William Christie''' ([[1748]]-[[1823]]), Unitarian: merchant in Montrose; opened, and became minister of, a Unitarian church in Moutrose, 1782, the first of the denomination in Scotland; Unitarian minister in Glasgow, 1794; emigrated to America, 1795; published Unitarian treatises, 1784-1811.
William Dougal Christie: '''William Dougal Christie''' ([[1816]]-[[1874]]), diplomatist; son of an army physician; born at Bombay; B.A. Cambridge, 1838; barrister, 1840; M.P., Weymouth, 1842-7; entered the diplomatic service, 1848; envoy to Brazil, 1859-63; pensioned, 1863; edited Dryden's works, 1870: vindicated John Stuart Mill's memory against Abraham Hay ward's adverse criticism; published a life of Shaftesbury, 1871.
Christina: '''Christina''' (fl. [[1086]]), nun of Romsey ; daughter of the aetheliug Eadward; born in Hungary; brought to England, 1067; tied to Scotland with her brother Eadgar,
Ohristison: '''Ohristison''' 238

[edit] Section 269

Ohurcher: '''Ohurcher''' 1067; submitted to William the Conqueror: obtained lands in Oxfordshire and Warwickshire; nun at Romsey, Hampshire, 1086; brought up Eadgyth (or Matilda), and opposed her marriage with Henry 1, 1100.
Sir Robert Christison: '''Sir Robert Christison''' ([[1797]]-[[1882]]), toxicologist; educated in Edinburgh; M.D., 1819; house physician to Edinburgh Infirmary, 1817-20; studied in London, under John Abernethy, and in Paris, under Robiquet, the chemist, and Orfila, the toxicologist; medical professor in Edinburgh, 1822-77; physician to Edinburgh Infirmary, 1827; medical adviser to the crown, 1829-66; created baronet, 1871; published Treatise on Poisons 1829, and contributed largely to medical and scientific periodicals.
Gerard Christmas: '''Gerard Christmas''' , or GARRETT OHRISMAS (d. 1634), carver and statuary; carved funeral monuments; carver to the navy, 1614-34; designer of figures for several lord mayorsshows between 1619 and 1632.
Henry Christmas: '''Henry Christmas''' , afterwards NOEI-FKARN (1811-1868), miscellaneous writer; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1840; in holy orders, 1837; librarian of Sion College, 1841-8; editor of church periodicals, 18401860; published verses, theological and philosophical pamphlets, and notes of travel; wrote on numismatics, 1844-64; his collection of coins sold, 1864.
John Christopherson: '''John Christopherson''' (d. [[1558]]), bishop of Chichester; educated at Pembroke Hall and St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1543; fellow of Pembroke Hall, 1541, of St John's College, and, 1546, of Trinity College, Cambridge; withdrew to Louvain, e. 1547; master of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1553: confessor to Queen Mary; dean of Norwich, 1554; rector of Swanton Morley, Norfolk, 1556; a visitor of Cambridge University, 1557; bishop of Chichester, 1557; persecuted protestants in his diocese; imprisoned for violent preaching, 1558; benefactor to Trinity College, Cambridge; translated into Latin the ecclesiastical historians, four books of Philo, and other Greek authors.
Michael Christopherson: '''Michael Christopherson''' (fl. [[1613]]), Roman catholic divine; educated at Douay; wrote A Treatise of Antichrist in defence of Bellarmine, 1613.
Henry Christy: '''Henry Christy''' ([[1810]]-[[1865]]), ethnologist ; banker in London; travelled, for ethnological purposes, in the East, 1850, in Scandinavia, 1852-3, in North America, Cuba, and Mexico, 1856-7; explored the Veere valley caves, 1864; died iu Belgium; bequeathed his collections to the nation.
Thomas Chrystal: '''Thomas Chrystal''' (d. [[1535]]).
Charles Chubb: '''Charles Chubb''' (d. [[1845]]), locksmith; ironmonger in Winchester; locksmith at Portsea; founded firm of Chubb & Co., London; patented lock? and safes, 1824-33.
John Chubb: '''John Chubb''' ([[1816]]-[[1872]]), manufacturer of locks and safes; son of Charles Chubb
Thomas Chubb: '''Thomas Chubb''' ([[1679]]-[[1747]]), deist ; glover's apprentice at Salisbury, 1694; tallow-chandler's assistant, 1705; publishedThe Supremacy of the Father asserted 1716; servant to Sir Joseph Jekyll; helped iu a tallowchandler's shop in Salisbury, c. 1716 till death; published Arian tracts, 1725-32, and deietical tracts, 1734-46.
Chubbes: '''Chubbes''' or JUBBS or 8HUBYS, WILLIAM (d. 1505), writer on logic; B.A. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 1465; fellow; D.D., 1491; first master of Jesus College, Cambridge, 1497-1506.
Elizabeth Chudleigh: '''Elizabeth Chudleigh''' , CouxTHRS OF BRISTOL (1720-1788), calling herself DUCHKHS OF KINGSTON; daughter of Colonel Thomas Ohudleigh (d. 1726); beautiful, bat weak-minded, and illiterate; befriended by William Pulteuey, afterwards earl of Bath; maid of honour to Augusta, princess of Wales, at Leicester House, 1743; courted by James, duke of Hamilton, a minor, 1744; married, secretly, Augustus John Hervey, lieutenant in the navy, brother of the second Earl of Bristol, 1744; concealed birth and death of a son, November 1747; obtained separation from her husband; carried on flirtatious with George II; privately took means to establish the fact of her marriage, 1759; appeared openly as concubine of Evelyn Plerrepoiut, second duke of Kingston, 1760; visited Berlin and Dresden, asMadame Ohudleigh, 1 1 765; denied the marriage with Hervey, on oath, February 1769, after her husband threatened (1768) a trial for divorce; being legally declared a spinster, she married the Duke of Kingston, 8 March; left heiress of the duke's property, September 1773; went to Rome; accused of bigamy by the Duke of Kingston's nephew, 1774; quarrelled with Samuel Foote, August 1775; found guilty of bigamy by the peers, 1776; withdrew to Calais; her marriairr with Hervey, who in 1775 became third Earl of Bristol (. 1779), declared valid, 1777; visited the czarina Catherine, 1777; visited Rome and other capitals; died at Paris,
Sir George Chudleigh: '''Sir George Chudleigh''' (d. [[1657]]), parliamentarian commander; M.P. for St. Michael, Cornwall, 1601, for Lostwithlel, 1614, 1621, and 1625, and for Tiverton, 1624; created baronet, 1622; parliamentarian officer in Cornwall, 1643; resigned his commission, 1643, after his son James Chudleigh had been accused of treason; subsequently espoused the royalist cause.
James Chudleigh: '''James Chudleigh''' (d. [[1643]]), parliamentarian major-general; third son of Sir George Chudleigh; captain in the parliament's army In Yorkshire, 1641; sergeant-major-general in Cornwall; victorious over the royalists, 1643; taken prisoner by the royalists, 1643; suspected of treachery in the action; accepted a colonelehip in the king's army, May 1643; mortally wounded, September 1643.
Mary Chudleigh: '''Mary Chudleigh''' , LADY ([[1656]]-[[1710]]), authoress ; ne Lee; married Sir George Chudleigh, hart., of Ashtou, Devonshire, 1685; published verses and essays, 1701-10.
Thomas Chudleigh: '''Thomas Chudleigh''' (. [[1689]]), diplomatist; secretary to the embassy to Sweden, 1673, and to Nimegueu, 1677; envoy to Holland, 1678-87; converted to Roman Catholicism, 1687.
Frederick John Church: '''Frederick John Church''' ([[1854]]-[[1888]]), translator of Dante'sDe Monarchia 1878; eldest son of Richard William Church
John Church: '''John Church''' ([[1675]] ?-[[1741]]), musician ; chorister of New College, Oxford; member of the Chapel Royal, 1697; lay vicar of Westminster Abbey, c. 1700; published Introduction to Psalmody 1723.
Ralph Church: '''Ralph Church''' (d. [[1787]]), editor of Spenser's Faery Queen 1738: son of John Church; M.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1732; vicar of Pyrtoii and Shirburn, Oxfordshire.
Sir Richard Church: '''Sir Richard Church''' ([[1784]]-[[1873]]), liberator of Greece; ensign 13th light infantry, 1800; served in Egypt, 1801; lieutenant, at Malta, 1803; captain of the Corsican rangers, 1806; distinguished himself at Capri, 1808, and in the Ionian islands, 1809; major, 1809, and colonel, 1812-15, of Greek troops in Ionian islands; British attache with the Austrian army, 1815; Neapolitan major-general; suppressed brigandage in Apulia; defeated by the Sicilian insurgents, 1820; K.O.H., 1822; generalissimo of the Greek insurgents, 1827; defeated, through disobedience of the Greek chief Tzavellas, at Athens; drove the Turks out of Akarnauia, 1827; protested against restoring North Greece to Turkey, 1830-2: led the Greek revolution, 1843; general in the Greek army, 1854; lived in retirement at Athens.
Richard William Church: '''Richard William Church''' ([[1815]]-[[1890]]), dean of St. Paul's; born at Lisbon: lived at Florence, 1818-28; B.A. Wadham College, Oxford, 1836; fellow of Oriel, 18381852; formed lasting friendship with Newman; ordained deacon, 1839; junior proctor, 1844; one of originators of Guardian 1846; priest, 1852; accepted living of Whatley, 1852; select preacher at Oxford, 1868, 1876-8, and 1881-2; dean of St. Paul's, 1871-90; leading member of the high church party. A contributor to theEnglish Men of Letters scries, and author of a History of the Oxford Movement(posthumously published, 1891).
Thomas Church: '''Thomas Church''' ([[1707]]-[[1756]]), controversialist; M.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1731; D.D., 1749; vicar of Battersea, 1740-66; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1744; wrote against deism and methodism.
Richard Churcher: '''Richard Churcher''' ([[1659]]-[[1723]]), founder of 'Ohurcher's College at Petersfield, Hampshire, for naval
Churchey: '''Churchey''' 239

[edit] Section 270

Churchill: '''Churchill''' owletsof the East ludla Company; apprenticed to a London barber-surgeon, 1675-82; in the East India Company's service; settled at Petersfleld.
Walter Churchey: '''Walter Churchey''' ([[1747]]-[[1805]]), methodist ; attorney of Brecon; corresponded with John W--l.-.v, 1771; wrote religious verse, 1789-1804.
Alfred Churchill: '''Alfred Churchill''' B. ([[1826]]-[[1870]]), journalist ; bom at Constantinople; proprietor of the Turkish -finiofficiul journal, the Jeride Hawades; published Turkish books; visited England, 1867.
Arabella Churchill: '''Arabella Churchill''' ([[1648]]-[[1730]]), mistress of James II: eldest daughter of Sir Winston Churchill ; maid of honour to Anne, duchess of York, c. 1666; intrigued with James, from 1668, by whom she had two sons and two daughters; pensioned; married Colonel Charles Godfrey.
Awnsham Churchill: '''Awnsham Churchill''' (at. [[1728]]), bookseller and publisher in partnership with his brother John at the Black Swan London, from 1665; bought estates in Dorset; M.P., Dorchester, 1706-10.
Charles Churchill: '''Charles Churchill''' ([[1666]]-[[1714]]), general; younger sou of Sir Winston Churchill; of the household of Christian V of Denmark, and of Prince George of Denmark; served" in Ireland, 1690; fought at Lauden, 1693, and Blenheim, 1704; major-general, 1694; lieutenant-general, 1702; M.P., Weymouth, 1701-10; governor of Guernsey, 1706-10; general, 1707.
Charles Churchill: '''Charles Churchill''' ([[1731]]-[[1764]]), satirist ; sou of a Westminster curate; at Westminster School, 17391748; curate in Somerset, 1754; curate at Rainham, Essex, 1756; curate of St. John's, Westminster, 1758-63, in succession to his father; separated from his wife, 1761; became famous by his Rosciad and Apology 1761; attached himself to John Wilkes; satirised authors and politicians, 1762-4, died at Boulogne; his collected works published, 1763-4. L
Fleet Wood Churchill: '''Fleet Wood Churchill''' ([[1808]]-[[1878]]), obstetrician; apprenticed to a Nottingham physician, 1822; studied in London, Dublin, Paris, and Edinburgh; M.D. Edinburgh, 1831; practitioner in Dublin; lectured on obstetrics, 1856-64; wrote on midwifery; a strong supporter of the episcopal church in Ireland,
George Churchill: '''George Churchill''' ([[1664]] - [[1710]]), admiral ; younger son of Sir Winston Churchill; naval volunteer, 1666; lieutenant, 1672-4; in command of a ship, 1678-88; made haste to join the Prince of Orange; fought at Beachy Head, 1690, and Barfleur, 1692; left the service, 1693; commissioner of the admiralty, 1699-1702; rear-admiral, 1701; admiral of the blue, 1702; actual manager of naval affairs, though the naval administration was conducted in the name of Prince George of Denmark, 1702-8; rendered odious by his rapacity and incompetence; M.P. for St. Albans, 1700-8, and later for Portsmouth,
Churchill: '''Churchill''' Sm JOHN (d. [[1685]]), master of the rolls; barrister of Lincoln's Inn, 1647; practised in chancery; possibly M.P., 1661-79: knighted, 1670; censured by the Commons for appearing as senior counsel against a member, 1675; recorder of Bristol, 1683; master of the rolls, 1685; M.P., Bristol, 1685.
John Churchill: '''John Churchill''' , first DUKE OP MARLBOROUGH (1650-1722), eldest surviving sou of Sir Winston Churchill -; educated at St. Paul's School; favourite of the Duchess of Cleveland; page to James, duke of York; and afterwards his confidential servant; ensign in the foot guards, September 1667; served at Tangiers: captain of foot, 1672; served in Flanders, 1672-7; colonel in French service, 1674; colonel of foot, February, 1678; married, 1678, Sarah Jennings; envoy to the Prince of Orange and offered to serve under him, 1678; accompanied the Duke of York to Holland, 1679, and to Scotland, 1679-82, acting as agent between the duke and Charles II; created Baron Churchill of Ayinouth in the Scottish peerage, 1682; colonel of the 1st dragoons, 1683; envoy to Louis XIV, 1685; created Baron Churchill of Saudridge in the English peerage, 1685: chief instrument in crushing Monmouth's rebellion, July 1685; majorgeneral and colonel of the 3rd horse guards, 1685; lieutenant-general, 1688; entered into negotiations with the Prince of Orange, 1687, and expressed; readiness to support him, August 1688; vowed fidelity to James II, November 1688; in command at Salisbury; went over to the Prince of Orange, 24 Nov. 1688; employed in quieting the troops; openly voted for a regency, but privately induced the Princess Anne to consent that William of Orange should reign over England for life; created Earl of Marlborough, 1689; commanded the English troops in Flanders, 1689; commander- in-chief in England, 1690; captured Cork and Kinsale, 1690; accompanied William III to Flanders, 1691; opened negotiations with James II, 1691; persuaded Princess Anne to write to her father, 1691; intrigued with the army; dismissed from his offices, 1692; imprisoned in the Tower for two mouths, 1692; revenged himself by causing the failure of the Brest expedition, 1694; his overtures to William III rejected, 1694; voted with the extreme tories in the Lords; voted for Sir John Fenwick's attainder, 1696; received back into favour, 1698; governor of the Duka of Gloucester (rf. 1700), 1698; restored to his commands; continued to vote with the tories, 1701; accompanied William III to Holland, July 1701; came into power on Anne's accession. 1702; K.G., 1702; captain-general of the forces, 1702-11; master-general of the ordnance, 1702-11; procured declaration of war with France, 1702; commander of the forces in Holland; delayed by the supineuess of his allies; crossed the Meuse, July 1702; took Venloo, September, and Rtiremonde and Li6ge, October 1702; created Duke of Marl I borough, December 1702; continued to vote with the tories; lost his only eon, February 1703; opened his next campaign by taking Bonn, 1703; his plans thwarted I by the incompetency or treachery of the Dutch generals; ! took Limburg, September 1703; opposed by the extreme tories; obtained their dismissal from office, but failed to conciliate the whigs; persuaded the Dutch to assent to a campaign on the Moselle, 1704; transferred his army to Bavaria; joined Prince Eugene, June 1704; forced the Schellenberg, 2 July; crushed the French and Bavarians at Blenheim, 13 Aug. 1704; arranged for a campaign on the Moselle in 1705; visited Berlin; created Prince of Mindelheim by the emperor (November 1705); voted Woodstock Manor and Blenheim Palace by parliament; failed to persuade the Dutch and Germans to support his favourite plan of invading France by the Moselle, AprilJune, 1705; invaded Brabant, July 1705; again thwarted by the Dutch general, Slangeuberg; visited Vienna, Berlin, and Hanover in order to pacify the allies; opposed at home by the extreme tories; failed to persuade the Dutch to undertake a campaign in Italy, April 1706; crushed the French at Ramillies, May 1706; occupied Brussels, Antwerp, Ostend, and other fortresses, May-October 1706; confronted by great jealousy between the Dutch and the emperor, which was fomented by Louis XIV's overtures; weakened by the growing influence of the whigs at home; began to lose Anne's good will; pensioned by parliament; visited the Elector of Hanover, Charles XII of Sweden, and the king of Prussia, 1707; deserted by the emperor, who sought to secure Naples by a separate treaty with France; unable to take the field effectually: became involved in the bitter party trife between the whig and tory leaders, and forced Anne to dismiss Harley, 1708; provided for defence against the Pretender's attempted invasion, 1708; delayed by the tardiness of the allies, May 1708; crushed the French at Oudeuarde, July 1708; took Lille and Ghent, December 1708; took part in abortive peace negotiations at the Hague, May 1709, missing an opportunity of closing the war on reasonable terms; took Tournay; his attack on the French at Malplaquet delayed by the allies, and the victory dearly bought in consequence, 11 Sept. 1709; took Mous, October 1709; completely lost Anne's personal favour through his duchess's bad temper and his application to be captain-general for life; attended the peace conferences at Gertruydenberg, February 1710; perceived that the state of English politics encouraged France to continue the war; began the cacvpaign in April; took Douay and some minor fortresses, 1710; lost favour of Queen Anne, January 1711, soon after the fall of the whig ministry; went abroad to conduct the campaign, March 1711; out-manoeuvred Villars, August 1711; took Bouchain, 14 Sept. 1711; accused of peculation soon after peace had been concluded with France by the tory ministry; returned to England, November: dismissed from all his offices, 31 Dec. 1711; charges against him dropped by the hostile ministry; withdrew to the continent, November 1712: lost his territory at Mindelheim, 1713; active in arranging for the Hanoverian succession, 1714; returned to England, August 1714; captain-general and master of the ordnance; had a paralytic stroke aud fell into senile decay, 1716.
Churchill: '''Churchill''' 240
Cibber: '''Cibber'''
John Spriggs Mohss Churchill: '''John Spriggs Mohss Churchill''' ([[1801]]-[[1875]]), medical publisher; apprenticed to a Loudon firm of medical booksellers, 1816-23; bought u business, 1832; gave up the retail trade, 1854; issued medical text-books aud journals after 1837.
John Winston Spencer Churchill: '''John Winston Spencer Churchill''' , sixth
of Marlborough Duke: '''of Marlborough Duke''' ([[1822]]-[[1883]]), politician ; educated at Eton, 1835-8, and Oxford, 1840; as Marquis of Blandford was M.P., Woodstock, 1844, 1847-57; succeeded to the dukedom, 1857; lord-steward of the household, 1866: lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1866-80.
Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill: '''Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill''' , commonly known a? LORD HANDOMMI Cnrurim.!. (18491894), statesman; third on of John Winston Spencer Churchill, sixth duke of Marlborough; educated at Eton and Merton College, Oxford: B.A., 1870; conservative M.P. for Woodstock, 1874 and 1880; attracted attention by attack on subordinate members of Disraeli government, 1878: became exponent of a resolute and aggressive toryism, assisted by Sir Henry Drnmmond Volff, Mr. (afterwards Sir John) Gorst, and, occasionally, Mr. Arthur Balfour; his followers received nickname of the 'Fourth Party supported Charles Bradlaugh: attacked Irish Compensation for Disturbance Bill, and while advocating the policy of conciliation in Irish affaire, strongly opposed any compromise with home rule: fostered conservatism among working classes by promoting, with Mr. Gorst's assistance, the establishment of conservative clubs, and by establishing and popularising the Primrose League; took prominent part in discussion of franchise bill, and by advocating extension of franchise to Ireland, came into antagonism with a section of his own party, but was subsequently officially accepted as one of the party leaders; visited India, 1884: secretary of state for India, 1885-6, during which period the annexation of Burmah was effected; unsuccessfully opposed Bright in central division of Birmingham at election of 1885. and was returned for South Paddington; opposed home rule bill; re-elected for South Paddington, 1886; chancellor of exchequer aud leader of House of Commons, 1886; resigned offices, December 1886, being unable to agree with the demands on the public purse made by the ministers for the army and navy; honorary LL.D. Cambridge, 1888; travelled for health and recreation in South Africa, 1891, and contributed series of letters to Daily Graphic (published, 1892, asMen, Mines, and Animals in South Africa; re-elected for South PadHington, 1892: attacked home rule bill and Mr. Asquith's Welsh church bill; died of general paralysis.
Sarah Churchill: '''Sarah Churchill''' , DUCHESS OF MARLBOROUGH (1660-1744), tide Jennings: maid of honour to Princess Anne before 1676; married John Churchill (1650-1722) , 1678; became Lady Churchill, 1682; lady of the bedchamber to Anne, now princess of Denmark, 1683; acquired an absolute ascendency over Anne's weak mind; helped Anne to escape to Nottingham on the news of James II's resolve to fly, 1688; induced Anne to accept William III as king, 1689; became Countess of Marlborough, 1689; helped Anne to secure a large parliamentary allowance, 1689: pensioned by Anne, 1690; persuaded Anne to open negotiations with her father, December 1691; retained by Anne in defiance of William and Mary, 1692; mistress of the robes and keeper of the privy purse on Queen Anne's accession, 1702 ranger of Windsor Park, 1702; began to lose hold on Anne by her want of tact and violence of temper; introduced, before 1707, her relative, Abigail Hill (Mrs. Masham), to the queen's service, by whom she was ousted; behaved imperiously to Queen Anne, 1707-10; sent in her accounts as keeper of the privy purse, deducting 2,OOOJ. a year as her pension since 1702, 1711; went abroad, 1713; after the duke's death in 1722 plunged into family quarrels and lawsuits; at bitter feud with Sir Robert Walpole; wrote memoirs of her life, published 1742.
Churchhll: '''Churchhll''' 8m WINSTON ([[1620]] ?-[[1688]]), politician; educated at Oxfdrd, 1636; impoverished by the civil war; M.P., Plymouth, 1661-&; knighted, 1663; comptreller of the board of green cloth; M.P., Lynn Kegis, 1685-7; published Divi Britanuici 1675.
Thomas Churchyard: '''Thomas Churchyard''' ([[1620]]?-[[1604]]), X 'miscellaneous. writer; page to Henry, earl of Surrey; lived a wandering fife, partly as a soldier in Scotland, Ireland, France, aud the Low Countries, partly us a hauger-ou of the court and the nobility; at the siege of Leith. l.sc.opensioned by Queen Elizabeth, 1592; publishe-l. before 1553,A myrrour for man between 1560 and 1G03 issued a multitude of broadsheets aud small volume.- in verse and prtse, several containing autobiographical pieces and notices of current events; sometimes wrote in the hope of getting a little money for the dedication; his bestknown pieces are Shore's Wife 1563, and The Worthines of Wales 1587.
Edward Churton: '''Edward Churton''' ([[1800]]-[[1874]]), theologian; second son of Ralph Churton; educated at Charterhouse and Christ Church, Oxford: M.A., 1824; rector of Crayke, Yorkshire, 1835, and archdeacon of Cleveland, 1846-74; published Notes on the Basque Churches and 'Gongora... with translations(from the Spanish), 1862; wrote poems and works on Anglican theology ana church history.
Ralph Churton: '''Ralph Churton''' ([[1754]]-[[1831]]), biographer : entered Brasenose College, Oxford, 1772; M.A. and fellow, 1778; rector of Middleton Cheney, Northamptonshire, 1792, and archdeacon of St. David's, 1805-31; published sermons and lives of the founders of Brasenose College, of Alex ander Nowell, dean of St. Paul's, and others.
William Ralph Churton: '''William Ralph Churton''' (d. [[1828]]), author; third sou of Ralph Churton; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1824; M.A., 1825; his Remains privately printed, 1830.
Chute: '''Chute''' or CHEWT, ANTHONY (d. [[1595]]?), poet; attorney's clerk; possibly purser with the Portugal expedition, 1589; attached himself to Gabriel Harvey; publishedBeawtie dishonoured, written under the title of Shore's Wife and verses against Thomas Nashe, 1593; satirised by Nashe, 1596.
Chaloner Chute: '''Chaloner Chute''' (d. [[1659]]), speaker of the House of Commons; barrister of the Middle Temple; practised in chancery; much employed as royalist counsel, 1641; bought the Vyne, Hampshire, 1653; elected M.P. for Middlesex, 1656, but was excluded; M.P. for Middlesex, 1659; speaker, 27 Jan.-9 March 1659.

[edit] Section 271

Saint Ciaran: '''Saint Ciaran''' ([[516]]-[[549]]), of Clonmacnpi ; commemorated on 9 Sept.; spelt also Keyrau, Kieran, and Quiaranus; son of an Ulster refugee; educated by St. Finnian in Meath; obtained Olonmacnois, 548, and founded the monastery there.
Saint Ciaran: '''Saint Ciaran''' (. [[500]]-[[560]]), of Saigir, bishop of Ossory; commemorated on 5 March; born on Clear Island; a hermit in King's County; founded the monastery of Saigir or SeirMeran, near Birr.
Cibber: '''Cibber''' or CIBERT, OAIUS GABRIEL ([[1630]]1700), sculptor; born in Holstein; trained at Rome; brought to England by John Stone; his works include figures for Bethlehem Hospital, 1680, and the phoenix above the south door of St. Paul's.
Charlotte Cibber: '''Charlotte Cibber''' (d. [[1760]] ?).
Oolley: '''Oolley''' ([[1671]]-[[1757]]), actor and dramatist ; son of Caius Gabriel Gibber; educated at Grantham school, 1682-7; served in the Earl of Devonshire's levy for the Prince of Orange, 1688: joined united companies at Theatre Royal, 1690; known as Mr. Oolley; played minor parts, 1691; failed in tragedy, but made a good impression in comedy; 1692-4; brought out his first play, Love's Last Shift 1696; recognised as the leading actor of eccentric characters, 1697-1732; brought out some thirty dramatic pieces, 1697-1748, including several smart comedies: obtained a profitable share in the management of Drury Lane, c. 1711, and held it in spite of the machinations of the tones; brought out The Nonjuror 1717, a play directed against the Jacobites; fiercely attacked by other writers on his appointment as poet laureate, December 1730; retired from the stage, 1733, but reappeared at intervals till 1745: published an autobiography entitledApology for the Life of Colley Cibbcr, Comedian 1740, two letters to Pone, 1742-4, a poor ("haracter... of Cicero 1747, uiul some worthless official odes; made by Pope the hero of the Dunciad (1742). The title of the chap-book, Colley Gibber's Jests 1761, shows his notoriety.
Susannah Maria Cibber: '''Susannah Maria Cibber''' ([[1714]]-[[1766]]), actress ; nte Arne; well educated; murried, 1734, Theophilus Cibber ; separated from her husband, 1738; first sung in
Gibber: '''Gibber''' 241
Clare: '''Clare''' opera at the Haymarket, 1732; first appeared iii tragedy, 1736; highly esteemed as a vocalist, both in oratorio and opera; an "*pi-dul favourite with Handel; failed in comedy fail-l in tragedy till she shook off the oldfashionwl style of declamation; acknowledged as a powerful t r:i"edian, 1744; joined Garrick's company at Drury Laue, 1753; wrote a comedy,The Oracle 1752.
Theophilds Gibber: '''Theophilds Gibber''' ([[1703]]-[[1758]]), actor and playwright; son of Colley Gibber; educated at WincU.-iter; first appeared on the stage, 1721; continued to act at various London theatres with success, till death; appeared at Dublin, 1743; published a life of Barton Booth, Dissertations on Theatrical Subjects 1756, a few dramatic pieces, 1730-57, and pamphlet*. Lives of the Poete 1753, which has Gibber's name on the title-page, was mainly compiled by Robert Shiels
Saint Cilian: '''Saint Cilian''' (d. [[697]]), apostle of Franconia ; commi-inonitcd on 8 July; spelt also Kilian, Ohillianus, (Jii'liuims, and Quilliauus; born in Cavan; a bishop iu Ireland; went to Frauconia, c. 689; martyred at Wlirzburg.
Cimeluatjo: '''Cimeluatjo''' (d. [[927]]), bishop of Llandaff : given estates for the church of Llandaff by Brochmael, king of Qweut; excommunicated Brochmael; taken prisoner by the vikings, 918, but ransomed by Bad ward the elder; his name spelt in modern Welsh, Oyfeiliawg; supposed by some to be Saint Oyfelach.
Giovanni Battista Cipriani: '''Giovanni Battista Cipriani''' ([[1727]]-[[1785]]), historical painter and engraver; born in Florence; went to Rome, 1750; came to London, 1755; taught drawing, 1758; R.A., 1768; exhibited, 1769-83; a prolific bookillustrator,
Richard of Cirencester: '''Richard of Cirencester''' (d. [[1401]]?), chronicler; monk of St. Peter's, Westminster, 1355; visited Jerusalem, 1391; returned to the abbey; compiled Speculum Historiale 447-1066 A.D.; wrote other works now lost. Charles Bertram fathered on him a famous forgery, De situ Britanniae
Nicholas Clagett: '''Nicholas Clagett''' , the elder ([[1610]] ?-[[1663]]), puritan; entered Merton College, Oxford, 1628; M.A. Magdalen Hall, 1634; vicar of Melbourne, Derbyshire, e. 1636; preacher at Bury St. Edmunds, 1644-62; published The Abuse of God's Grace 1669.
Nicholas Clagett: '''Nicholas Clagett''' , the younger ([[1654]]-[[1727]]), controversialist; son of Nicholas Clagett the elder; educated at Norwich and Cambridge; D.D., 1704; preacher at Bury St. Edmunds, 1680-1727; rector of Thurlow Parva, Norfolk, 1683; archdeacon of Sudbury, 1693; rector of Hitcham, Suffolk, 1707; published pamphlets, 1683-1710.
Nicholas Clagett: '''Nicholas Clagett''' (d. [[1746]]), bishop of Exeter ;
Bod: '''Bod''' of Nicholas Clagett the younger ; D.D. Cambridge; dean of Rochester, 1724; bishop of St. David's, 1732; translated to Exeter, 1742.
William Clagett: '''William Clagett''' ([[1646]]-[[1688]]X controversialist ; eldest son of Nicholas Clagett the elder; entered Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1659; M.A., 1667; D.D., 1683; preacher at Bury St. Edmund's, 1672-80; preacher at Gray's Inn, 1680, and at St. Michael Basslshaw, 1686; rector of Farnham Royal, Buckinghamshire, 1683; published treatises against nonconformity and Romanism, 1680-9. His sermons appeared posthumously, 1689-1720.
Charles Clagget: '''Charles Clagget''' ([[1740]] ?-[[1820]] ?), musician ; in the orchestra at the Dublin theatre, e. 1766; came to London, 1778; patented musical Inventions, 1776 and 1788; visited by Haydn, 1792; published pamphlets.
Clara Mary Jane Clairmont: '''Clara Mary Jane Clairmont''' ([[1798]]-[[1879]]), called herself Claire; daughter, by a former marriage, of Mary Jane, second wife of William Godwin; accompanied Mary Godwin, her step-sister (1814). in her elopement with Shelley; became intimate with Lord Byron, 1816; with the Shelleys, followed Byron to Switzerland; gave birth to a daughter, AUegra, at Bath, January 1817; accompanied the Shelleys to Italy, 1818; ner daughter taken from her by Byron, 1818, and placed in a convent near Ravenna, 182i; governess in Russia and Italy; resided in Paris and Florence; embraced Romanbm.
Clanbrassil: '''Clanbrassil''' first BARON ([[1788]]-[[1870]]). See
Robert Jocelyn: '''Robert Jocelyn''' .
Clancarty: '''Clancarty''' fourth EARL OF ([[1668]]-[[1734]]). See
Donoqh Maccarthy: '''Donoqh Maccarthy''' .
Clancarty: '''Clancarty''' second EARL of the second creation, and first VISCOUNT or (1767-1837). See TRENCH, RICHARD LE POER.

[edit] Section 272

Claneboye: '''Claneboye''' first VISCOUNT ([[1559]]-[[1643]]). See
James Hamilton: '''James Hamilton''' .
William Reid Clanny: '''William Reid Clanny''' ([[1776]]-[[1850]]), inventor (1812) of a mining safety-lamp; educated in Edinburgh: M.D., 1803; practitioner at Bishops wearmouth; published medical tracts.
Clanricarde: '''Clanricarde''' fifth EARL OF ([[1604]]-[[1657]]). See
Ulick De Bukqh: '''Ulick De Bukqh''' .
Clanwilliam: '''Clanwilliam''' third EARL OF ([[1795]]-[[1879]]). See
Richard George Francis Meade: '''Richard George Francis Meade''' .
David Clapham: '''David Clapham''' (d. [[1551]]), translator ([[1542]]-5) of Cornelius Agrippa; LL.B. Cambridge, 1533; practised at DoctorsCommons.
Henoch Clapham: '''Henoch Clapham''' (fl. [[1600]]), theological writer ; pastor of an English congregation at Amsterdam, 1596-8; pastor in London, 1603; imprisoned, 1603-5; possibly vicar of Northbourne, Kent, 1607; published devotional and doctrinal treatises, 1695-7, tracts against schismatics, 1600-9, and tracts on the plague of 1603, 1603-4. !; M.A. Cam
Samuel Clapham: '''Samuel Clapham''' ([[1755]]-[[1830]]X divine ; bridge, 1784; vicar of Great Ouseburn, Yorkshire, 1797; vicar of Christ Church, Hampshire, 1802; rector of Gussage St. Michael, Dorset, 1806; published sermons and miscellaneous works.
Richard Clapole: '''Richard Clapole''' (fl. [[1286]]).
Hugh Clapperton: '''Hugh Clapperton''' ([[1788]]-[[1827]]), African explorer ; cabin-boy, 1801; pressed for the navy; midshipman; served in the East Indies, 1808-13, and in Canada, 18141817; placed on half-pay; travelled in Nigeria, 1822-5; commander R.N., 1825; travelled again in Nigeria, 18251827; died near Sokota. Accounts of his travels were published by his companions Dixon Denham, 1826, and Richard Lander, 1830.
Clapwell: '''Clapwell''' or KNAPWELL, RICHARD (fl. [[1286]]% Dominican; spelt also Olapole; D.D. Oxford; wrote on scholastic theology; condemned for heresy by Franciscan primate (Peckham), 1286, and Franciscan pope (Nicholas IV), 1288; withdrew to Bologna.
Earls of Clare: '''Earls of Clare''' . See CLARE, RICHARD DR, first
Earl: '''Earl''' d. [[1090]] ? ; CLARE, GILBERT DE, second EARL, d. 1115 ?; CLARE, RICHARD DE, third EARL, d. 1136 ?; CLARE, ROGER DE, fifth EARL, d. 1173; CLARE, GILBERT DE, seventh EARL, d. 1230; CLARK, RICHARD DK, eighth EARL, 1222-1262; CLARE, GILBERT DE, ninth EARL, 12431295; CLARE, GILBERT DE, tenth EARL, 1291-1314; HOLLES, JOHN, first EARL of the second creation, 1664 ?1637; HOLLES, JOHN, second EARL, 1595-1666; HOLLE?, GILBERT, third EARL, 1633-1689; HOLLES, JOHN, fourth EARL, 1662-1711; PELHAM-HOLKS, THOMAS, first EARL of the third creation, 1693-1768; FITZGIBBON, JOHN, first EARL of the fourth creation, 1749-1802.
Viscounts Glare: '''Viscounts Glare''' . See O'BRIKN, DANIEL, first
Viscount: '''Viscount''' [[1577]]P-[[1663]]; O'BRiEN, DANIEL, third VIS-
Count: '''Count''' d. [[1690]]; O'BRIEN, CHARLES, fifth VISCOUNT, d. 1706; O'BRIEN, CHARLES, sixth VISCOUNT, 1699-1761.
De Clare: '''De Clare''' , FAMILY OF; took its name from the manor of Clare, Suffolk; founded by Richard de Clare (d. 1090 ?), who followed the Conqueror to England, and was son of Gilbert (d. 1039), count of Eu or Brionne, and grandson of Godfrey, a bastard of Richard (d. 996) the Fearless duke of Normandy. Richard's son, Gilbert de Clare (d. 1115 ?),, conquered lands in Wales. From him, by his elder son, descended the Earls of Hertford or Clare, and by his younger son the Earls of Pembroke or Strigul. The house attained its zenith in Gilbert de Clare (d. 1230) The male line ended in Gilbert de Clare, tenth earl The dukedom of 'Clarencecreated 1362, when the tenth Earl's grandniece married Edward Ill's third son Lionel
Clare: '''Clare''' 242
Clarges: '''Clarges'''
Kli Clare: '''Kli Clare''' ABETH DK ([[1291]] ?-[[1360]]), third daughter of Gilbert de Clare, ninth carl (1243-1295); Itoru lit Acre; married (1) John de Burgh (. 1313), son of Richard, second earl of Ulster: (2) Theobald, baron Verdon (c. 1316); (3) Robert (or Roger), baron Damory (.. 1321); became (1314), on the death of her brother Gilbert declare, tenth earl, Lady of Clare; endowed, 1336, University Hall, Cambridge (afterwards called Clare Hall or College), and gave it a body of statutes, 1359.
Gilbert De Clare: '''Gilbert De Clare''' (d. [[1115]] ?), baronial leader ; son of Richard de Clare (d. 1090 ?); tried to hold Tunbridge Castle against Rufus, 1088; in attendance on Rufus, 1100, and on Henry 1, 1101; conquered Cardigan, 1107 or 1111.
Gilbert Dk Clare: '''Gilbert Dk Clare''' , seventh EARL OF CLARK, fifth EMU, OF HERTFORD, and sixth EARL OF GLOUCESTER. 123d), among the twenty-five barons appointed to carry out Magua Charta, 1215; excommunicated by Innocent III, 1216; succeeded his father in the earldom of Hertford, c. 1217; inherited, through his mother, the earldom of Gloucester, 1217: fought against the Welsh, 1228: attended Henry HI to Brittany, 1230.
Gilbert De Clare: '''Gilbert De Clare''' , called the ' Red,' ninth EARL OF GLARE, seventh EARL OK HERTFORD, and eighth EARL OF GLOUCESTER (1243-1295), son of Richard de Clare, eighth earl; married Alice, niece of Henry III, 1253; succeeded to the earldoms, July 1262; refused the oath of allegiance to Prince Edward, 1263; acted with Simon de Montfort, 1263; was reconciled to Henry III, October 1263; in arms against Henry; massacred the Jews of Canterbury, 1264; commanded the centre at Lewes, 1264; quarrelled with De Moutfort, November 1264; protected the banished marcher lords; fled to the Welsh marches, 1265; joined Prince Edward, and prevented De Montfort from crossing the Severn: commanded division at Evesham, August 1265; joined Prince Edward in reducing the Cinque ports, 1266; pleaded for the disinherited barons, 266; refused to attend parliament, January 1267; took London, 1267, but was reconciled to Henry III two months afterwards; took the cross, 1268: obtained the restoration of their lands to the disinherited barons, 1271; proclaimed Edward I, Novemtjer 1272; divorced his first wife, 1271 (or 1285); fought against the Welsh, 1276-1283; married Joan, daughter of Edward I, 1290; took the cross, 1290: imprisoned for making private war, 1291; driven out of Wales by a native rising, 1294.

[edit] Section 273

Gilbert De Clare: '''Gilbert De Clare''' , tenth EARL OF CLARE, eighth EARL OF HERTFORD, and ninth EARL OK GLOUCESTER (1291-1314), son of Gilbert de Clare, ninth earl ; ward of Ralph de Monthermer, 1296; companion of Edward II: served in Scotland, 1306; summoned to parliament, 1308; commanded the English forces in Scotland, 1309: adhered to Edward II in his dispute with Lancaster, 1310: mediated between Edward II and Lancaster, 1313; killed at Banuockburn, 1314.
John Clare: '''John Clare''' ([[1577]]-[[1628]]), reputed author of a Romanist tract ( "The Converted Jew, published 1630; tx)rn in Wiltshire: Jesuit, 1605; tutor at Louvaiu and Rome; became rector of the Jesuits in Wales before 1628.
John Clare: '''John Clare''' ([[1793]]-[[1864]]), poet; sou of a Northamptonshire labourer; a herd-boy: attended nightschools; under-gardener; read Thomson's Seasons,* 1808; wrote songs; kept dissolute company; militiaman at Oundle, 1812: a vagrant: issued proposal to print his poems, 1817: published his first volume, 1820; visited London, 1820, 1822, 1824, 1828; failed as a farmer, 1827 and 1831; in constant poverty, although holding annuities of 452. a year; became imbecile, 1837; published * Poems... of Rural Life 1820,The Village Minstrel 1821 Shepherd's Calendar 1827, andThe Rural Muse 1835.
Osbert De Glare: '''Osbert De Glare''' (f. [[1136]]), hagiologist; monk of Westminster; banished from the monastery, e. 11291133; elected prior, 1136; sent to Rome to advocate canonisation of Edward the Oonfesior, 1141; again expelled from the monastery; wrote lives of Saints Eadmund, Ethelberht, Eadburh, and Edward the Confessor; a volume of his letters published, 1846.
Peter Clare: '''Peter Clare''' ([[1738]]-[[1786]]), London surgeon ; published modic-ul tracts, 1778-80.
Sir Ralph Clare: '''Sir Ralph Clare''' ([[1587]]-[[1670]]), royalist: fought at Worcester, 1642 and 1661; impoverished by the civil war; opponent of Richard Baxter.
Richard De Clare: '''Richard De Clare''' (d. [[1090]] ?), founder of the family of dj Clare; known as Richard Fitzftilbert or Richard of Tonbridge; received itnu-s in SutTolk and Kent; chief justiciar, 1075: in attendance on William I 1080-1.
Richard Ue Clare: '''Richard Ue Clare''' (d. [[1136]]?), son of Gilbert de Clare (d. 1115 ?); perhaps the first to surname of Clare: possibly created Earl of Hertfordkilled by the Welsh; founded Tonbridge Priory,
Richard Clare: '''Richard Clare''' IL or RICHARD STRONC BOW, j ccoud EARL OF PEMBROKE AND STRIOUL (J. 1 1 r ceeded to the estates, 1148: signed the treaty of Westminster, 11 53; allowed to retain the title (one of Stephen creations); said to have lost his estates, e. 1167; escorted 'rhuvss Matilda to Germany, 1168; induced by the dethroned Dermot to intervene in Leinster, 1168; stormed Waterford, 1170: married Eva, eldest daughter of Dermot; reached Dublin, September: invaded Meath and wintered at Waterford: tried to soothe Henry II's jealousy by offering him his Irish conquests, 1171; confronted by an Irish risincr on Dermot's death, 1171: defeated Roderic O'Connor at Dublin, July 1171: put to death Murrough O'Brien; forced to surrender his castles and seaports to Henry II; kept court at Kildare, while King Henry was marohH through Ireland, 1171-2; summoned to Normandy to aid King Henry, 1173; granted Wexford, Waterford, and Dublin; defeated in Muuster, 1174; held hostages from all the great Irish princes, 1175; according to legend slew his sou for cowardice.
Richard Dk Clare: '''Richard Dk Clare''' , eighth EARL OF GLARE, sixth EARL OF HERTFORD, and seventh EARL OF GLOUCESTER (1222-1262), son of Gilbert de Clare, seventh earl ; succeeded, while still a minor, 1230; obtained possession of his Glamorgan estates, 1240; defeated by the Welsh, 1244: went on pilgrimage, 1249; visited the pope at Lyons, 1250: ref used to join Henry Ill's expedition to Gascony, 1253; envoy to Scotland, 1255, and to Germany, 1256; defeated by the Welsh, 1257: joined Simon de Montfort against the king, 1258; quarrelled with De Montfort, 1259; in friendly attendance on the king, 1259-61: quarrelled with Prince Edward, 1261.
Roger De Clare: '''Roger De Clare''' , fifth EARL OF CLARE and third EARL OF HERTFORD (. 1173), younger son of Richard de Clare (d. 1136 ?),; succeeded his brother Gilbert in the title and estates, 1152; signed treaty of Westminster, 1153; conquered part of Cardigan, 1157: defeated by Rhys ap Grtiffudd, c. 1159; in France, 1160-1; refused Archbishop Becket's claim for homage for Tonbridge Castle, 1163; again defeated by Rhys, 1163; in France, 1171.
Walter Dk Clare: '''Walter Dk Clare''' (d. [[1138]]?), founder of Tiutern Abbey, a monastery for Cistercians, 1131.
Clarembald: '''Clarembald''' (. [[1161]]), secular priest; made abbot of St. Augustine's, Canterbury, by Henry II, 1161; removed by the pope, 1176; a justiciar, 1170.
Dukes of Clarence: '''Dukes of Clarence''' . See LIONEL. [[1338]]-[[1368]];
Thomas: '''Thomas''' [[1388]] ?-[[1421]] ; GEORGE, [[1449]]-[[1478]] ; WILLIAM IV, 1765-1887.
And Avondale Clarence: '''And Avondale Clarence''' , DUKE OF ([[1864]]1892).
Earls of Clarendon: '''Earls of Clarendon''' . See HYDE, EDWARD, first
Earl: '''Earl''' [[1609]]-[[1674]] ; HYDK, HENRY, second EARL, [[1638]]1700; VILLIERS, THOMAS, first EARL of the second creation, 1709-1786; VILLIERS, JOHN CHARLES, third i: uu., 1757-1838: VILLIERH, GEORGE WILLIAM FREDERICK, fourth EARL, 1800-1870.
Sir Roger Clarendon: '''Sir Roger Clarendon''' (d. [[1402]]), reputed bastard son of the Black Prince; hanged by Henry IV as being a possible pretender.
Sir Thomas Clarges: '''Sir Thomas Clarges''' (d. [[1695]]), politician: styled M.D.; brother-in-law of George Monck, 1654; sat as a Scottish member in the Commonwealth parliaments, 1656 and 1658; intermediary between Mouck and the Commonwealth leaders; muster-master general, 16 GO: conveyed to Charles II the invitation of parliament to
Claribel: '''Claribel''' 243
Clark: '''Clark''' i-D, Muy 1660; kuighted; M.P. for Westminster, 1660, for Southwark, 1666, for Ohristchurch, 1679-85, and for Oxford University, 1689, 1690.
Claribel: '''Claribel''' (pseudonym). See BARNARD, OH ARLOTTK
Alim: '''Alim''' ;T"., [[1830]]-[[1869]].
Richard Claridge: '''Richard Claridge''' ([[1649]]-[[1723]]), quaker minister ; B.A. Oxford, 1670; M.A., 1677; rector of Peopleton, Vnr.v-u-r.-liire, 1C73-91; preacher in Oxford, 1692; t pn-uchi-r nnd schoolmaster in London, 1692; joiiuil tin- quiikiTs, 1696; quaker minister, 1697; school r;it Barking, 1702, and at Tottenham, 1707-23; published political and controversial tracts, 1689-1714; author of other works, which appeared posthumously.

[edit] Section 274

Baron Clarina: '''Baron Clarina''' ([[1719]]-[[1804]]). See MAS.SEY,
Eyiu: '''Eyiu''' :.
John Chalk Claris: '''John Chalk Claris''' ([[1797]] ?-[[1866]]), journalist; ; ?cd at Canterbury; edited theKent Herald 1826-05; published poems, 1816-22, under the name ABTHCK BROOKE.
Clark: '''Clark'''
Sir Andrew Clark: '''Sir Andrew Clark''' ([[1826]]-[[1893]]), physician; apprenticed in Dundee; studied at Edinburgh; M.R.O.S. England, 1844; joined naval medical service, 1846; M.R.C.P. London, and M.D. Aberdeen, 1854; F.R.C.P., 1858; Croonian lecturer, 1868; Lumleian lecturer, 1886, and president, 1888 till death; physician to London Hospital, 1866-86; created baronet, 1833; P.R.S., 1885.
Charles Clark: '''Charles Clark''' ([[1806]]-[[1880]]), proprietor of the Great Totham press; farmer at Great Totham; printed a History of Great Totham 1831, and many satirical broadsides; issued reprints of scarce tracts; withdrew to Heybridge, Essex, before 1859.
Edwin Clark: '''Edwin Clark''' ([[1814]]-[[1894]]), engineer ; brother of Joeiah Latimer Clark; superintending engineer of Menai Straits bridge; engineer to Electric and International Telegraph Company, 1850; M.I.O.E., 1850; patented various electric and hydraulic appliances.
Frederick Scots Clark: '''Frederick Scots Clark''' 9N ([[1840]]-[[1883]]), organist; organist and music master in London, 18541865; organist of Exeter College, Oxford, 1865; Mus. Bac., 1867; Anglican chaplain abroad; organ-master in London, 1875, 1880; composed slight pieces.
George Aitken Clark: '''George Aitken Clark''' ([[1823]]-[[1873]]), manufacturer and philanthropist; threadmaker in Paisley and America; benefactor of Glasgow University and of Paisley.
George Thomas Clark: '''George Thomas Clark''' ([[1809]]-[[1898]]), engineer and archaeologist; educated at Charterhouse; employed under Brunei on Great Western Railway; engaged on sewerage, salt, and railway works in India, 1843; on board of health; trustee of Dowlais estate and ironworks under will of Sir Josiah John Guest, 1852, and administrator of the Dowlais undertakings till 1897; assisted (Sir) Henry d . to perfect his process of steel manufacture; first president of British Iron Trade Association, 1876; sheriff of Glamorganshire, 1868; assisted in founding Archaeological Association (now Royal Archaeological Institute), 1843. His works include: Mediaeval Military Architecture in England 1884; and contributions to the history of Glamorganshire.
James Clark: '''James Clark''' ((. [[1819]]), physician in Dominica ; afterwards in London; published a memoir on Yellow Fever 1797; contributed to scientific journals.
Sir James Clark: '''Sir James Clark''' ([[1788]]-[[1870]]), physician ; M.A. Aberdeen; lawyer's clerk; naval surgeon, 1809-15; M.D. Edinburgh, 1817; practitioner in Rome, 1819-26, and in London, 1826-60; court physician; created baronet, 1837; unpopular in consequence of his connection with the case of Lady Flora Hastings; published medical papers, 1817-42.
Jeremiah Clark: '''Jeremiah Clark''' (d. [[1809]]), organist ; chorister of Worcester Cathedral; music teacher in Birmingham, c. 1770; Mus. Bac.; organist of Worcester Cathedral, 1806; published urn-ic.
John Clark: '''John Clark''' ([[1688]]-[[1736]]), writing-master of London; published books on penmanship and book-keeping, 1708-3.
John Clark: '''John Clark''' ([[1744]]-[[1806]]). medical philanthropist ; studied medicine at Edinburgh; surgeon in the East India Company's service, 1768-75: M.D. St. Andrews; practitioner at Newcastle; founded the Newcastle Dispensary; wrote on medical subjects.
John Clark: '''John Clark''' (d. [[1807]]), Gaelic scholar ; land aent in Wales; wrote on the Ossianic controversy, 1781; published (1778) what purported to be translations of highland poems.
John Clark: '''John Clark''' (d. [[1879]]).
Joseph Clark: '''Joseph Clark''' (. [[169]] ?), posture-master, of London; nicknamed Proteus Clark."
Josiah Latimer Clark: '''Josiah Latimer Clark''' ([[1822]]-[[1898]]), engineer ; assistant engineer of Menai Straits bridge, 1848; chief engineer, Electric and International Telegraph Company, 1860-70; M.I.C.E., 1861; in partnership with Sir Charles Tilston Bright, 1861-8; formed, 1868, with Henry Charles Forde (1827-1897), firm of Clark, Forde & Taylor, which engaged in cable laying In various parts of the world; joined partnership with John Standfield as hydraulic and canal engineer, 1874; F.R.S., 1889; F.R.G.S.; F.R.A.S.; patented electrical and other inventions; published works relating to engineering.
Richard Clark: '''Richard Clark''' ([[1739]]-[[1831]]), attorney, of London; alderman, 1776-98; sheriff, 1777; lord mayor, 1784; city chamberlain, 1798-1831.
Richard Clark: '''Richard Clark''' ([[1780]]-[[1856]]), musician ; chorister of St. George's Chapel, Windsor; choirman of St. George's and Eton College, 1802-11, of the Chapel Royal, 1820, of St. Paul's, 1827, and Westminster, 1828; wrote on musical topics.
Samuel Clark: '''Samuel Clark''' ([[1810]]-[[1876]]), promoter of education; son of a quaker basket-maker of Southampton; selftaught; partner in Darton & Clark's publishing firm, London, 1836-43; edited Peter Parley's Annuals: M.A. Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1846; vice-principal of Chelsea Training College, 1846-50; principal of Battersea Training College, 1851-63; vicar of Bredwardine, Herefordshire, 1863-71; rector of Eaton Bishop, 1871-5; published
Thomas Clark: '''Thomas Clark''' (d. [[1792]]), presbyterian divine ; educated at Glasgow University; licentiate of the secession church, 1748; preacher and medical practitioner in Ulster, 1749; emigrated to America, 1764; published controversial tracts, 1751-5.
Thomas Clark: '''Thomas Clark''' ([[1801]]-[[1867]]), chemist ; employed in the St. Rollox chemical works; M.D. Glasgow, 1831; professor of chemistry, Aberdeen, 1833-60; inventor of the soap-test for discovering hardness of water and of a process for softening chalk waters.
Thomas Clark: '''Thomas Clark''' ([[1820]]-[[1876]]), Scottish landscape painter; studied art at Edinburgh; exhibited, 1840.

[edit] Section 275

William Clark: '''William Clark''' (d. [[1603]]), Roman catholic priest ; educated at Douay, 1587, and Rome, 1589; sent on the English mission, 1592; imprisoned in Southwark, 1602; executed, 1603.
William Clark: '''William Clark''' ([[1698]]-[[1780]]?), physician; M.D. Leyden; practitioner in London, and, 1747-72, at Bradford, Wiltshire; wrote on midwifery.
William Clark: '''William Clark''' ([[1788]]-[[1869]]), anatomist ; son of John Clark (1744-1806); B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1808; fellow, 1809-27; studied medicine in London; friend of Lord Byron; professor of anatomy, Cambridge, 1817-66; travelled, 1818-20; M.D., 1827; rector of Guiseley, Yorkshire, 1826-69; wrote on science.
William Clark: '''William Clark''' ([[1821]]-[[1880]]), civil engineer ; in partnership in London, 1851; engineer in Calcutta, 18551874; planned the drainage of Madras, 1874, and of several Australian towns, 1876-8.
William George Clark: '''William George Clark''' ([[1821]]-[[1878]]), Shakespearean scholar; educated at Shrewsbury; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1844, till death; public orator, 1857-70; joint-editor of theCambridge Shakespeare 1863-6; published notes of travel, sermons and essays; endowed Clark lectureship in English literature at Trinity College, Cambridge. B44
Clarke: '''Clarke'''
William Tierney Clark: '''William Tierney Clark''' ([[1783]]-[[1852]]), civil engineer: millwright at Bristol; mechanic in foundrj at Coalbrookdale; engineer to the West Middlesex Waterworks; designed suspension bridges; F.R.S., 1837.
Clark: '''Clark''' -KENNEDY, JOHN ([[1817]]-[[1867]]), colonel; cornet, 1833; captain, 1841; served in China, 1842, 1847, in the Sikh war, 1848-9, and in the Crimea, 1854-5; commandant of the military train, 1862; died at Cairo.
Clarke: '''Clarke'''
Adam Clarke: '''Adam Clarke''' ([[1762]]?-[[1832]]), theologian ; educated at Kingswood school, near Bristol: a methodist, 1778; preacher on the Wiltshire circuit, 1782; lived near London from 1805; LL.D. Aberdeen, 1808; published bibliographical works, 1803-, and a scriptural commentary, 1810-26; began to edit Rymer's Foedera 1818; his miscellaneous works printed, 1836.
Alured Clarke: '''Alured Clarke''' ([[1696]]-[[1742]]), dean of Exeter; educated at St. Paul's School, 1712-19; entered Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1713; fellow, 1718; M.A., 1720; D.D., 1728; rector of CbJlbolton, Hampshire, 1723; prebendary of Winchester, 1723, and Westminster, 1731; dean of Exeter, 1741; published sermons.
Sir Alured Clarke: '''Sir Alured Clarke''' ([[1746]] ?-[[1832]]), field-marshal ; lieutenant, 1760: served in Germany; captain, 1767; lieutenant-colonel, 1775; served in America and West Indies, 1776-94; major-general; served at the Cape, 1795; K.B., 1797; commander-in-chief in Bengal, 1797, and in India, 1798-1801; field-marshal, 1830.
Charles Clarke: '''Charles Clarke''' (d. [[1760]]), judge ; barrister of Lincoln's Inn, 1723; recorder of Huntingdon, 1731; M.P., Huntingdonshire, 1739; M.P., Whitchurch, 1741; baron of the exchequer, 1743.
Charles Clarke: '''Charles Clarke''' (*. [[1767]]), antiquary ; of Balliol College, Oxford, 1736; F.S.A., 1752.
Charles Clarke: '''Charles Clarke''' (d. [[1840]]), antiquary ; clerk in the ordnance office, 1783-1807; F.S.A., 1796; wrote on architectural subjects.
Charles Oowden Clarke: '''Charles Oowden Clarke''' - ([[1787]]-[[1877]]), author ; friend of John Keats; resided at Ramsgate, 1810; publisher in London, 1820; lectured on Shakespeare and parts of European literature, 1834-56; withdrew to Nice, 1856, and to Genoa, 1861. His wife, Mrs. Mary Victoria Oowden-Olarke, was also an author.
Sir Charles Mansfield Clarke: '''Sir Charles Mansfield Clarke''' ([[1782]]-[[1857]]), accoucheur; educated at St. Paul's School, St. George's Hospital, and the Hunterian School of Medicine; lecturer on midwifery, 1804-21; M.D. Lambeth, 1827; created baronet, 1831; published medical treatises.
Outhbert Clarke: '''Outhbert Clarke''' (fl. [[1777]]), writer on agriculture and mechanics.
Edward Clarke: '''Edward Clarke''' (d. [[1630]]), diplomatist ; sent by Charles I to Madrid, 1623, Germany, 1627, and Rochelle, 1628.
Edward Clarke: '''Edward Clarke''' ([[1730]]-[[1786]]), traveller ; son of William Clarke (1696-1771); M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1756; rector of Peperharow, Surrey, 1758; embassy chaplain at Madrid, 1760; chaplain at Minorca, 1763-8; vicar of Willingdon and rector of Buxted, Sussex, 1769; published Letters on Spain 1763, and other works.
Edward Daniel Clarke: '''Edward Daniel Clarke''' ([[1769]]-[[1822]]), traveller ; second son of Edward Clarke (1730-1786); educated at Tonbridge; entered Jesus College, Cambridge, 1786; fellow; M.A., 1794; LL.D., 1803; travelled as tutor in Great Britain, 1790, Italy, 1792, Germany, 1794, Wales, 1794, Scotland, 1797, Northern Europe, 1799, Southern Russia, 1800, and Asia Minor, Palestine, Greece, 1801; collected minerals, coins, manuscripts, and marbles; presented his Greek statues to Cambridge University, 1803; rector of Harlton, Cambridgeshire, 1806, and of Yeldham, Essex, 1809-22; sold his manuscripts to the Bodleian, 1808; professor of mineralogy, Cambridge, 1808; univerity librarian, 1817; Travels published 1810-23; wrote on minerals and Greek antiquities.
Edward Goodman Clarke: '''Edward Goodman Clarke''' (Jl. [[1812]]), physician; army officer in West Indies; M.D. Aberdeen, 1791; army physician; wrote medical treatises.
George Clarke: '''George Clarke''' ([[1660]]-[[1736]]), politician and virtuoso: son of Sir William Clarke (16237-1666) q v 1 B.A. Oxford, 1679; fellow of All Souls 1680-1736; D.C.L 1708; M.P. for Oxford University, 1686, for East Looe. 1706, and lor Oxford University, 1717-36; judge-advocategeneral, 1684-1705; secretary at war, 1692-1704; joint secretary to the admiralty, 1702-5; a lord of the admiralty. 1712-14; architect; benefactor of All Soulsand Worcester colleges, Oxford.
George Clarke: '''George Clarke''' ([[1796]]-[[1843]]), sculptor ; exhibited in London, 1821-39; called the Birmingham Chantrey."
Harriet Ludlow Clarke: '''Harriet Ludlow Clarke''' (d. [[1866]]), artist; wood-engraver, 1837; artist in stained glass, 1861.

[edit] Section 276

Henry Clarke: '''Henry Clarke''' ([[1743]]-[[1818]]), mathematician ; educated at Manchester grammar school; schoolmaster to Yorkshire; land surveyor in Manchester; schoolmaster in Salford, Manchester, and (1799) Bristol; LL.D. Edinburgh, 1802; professor in the military academy, 1802-17; published mathematical treatises.
Hewson Clarke: '''Hewson Clarke''' ([[1787]]-[[1832]]?), misceli writer; chemist's assistant at Gateshead; wrote for local paper; for a time at Emmanuel College, Camt hack-writer in London; satirised, and was satirised Byron; wrote on contemporary European and Eng history. x.. "
Jacob Augustus Lookhart Clarke: '''Jacob Augustus Lookhart Clarke''' (18 1880), anatomist; studied medicine in London; consulting physician on nervous disorders; M.D. St. Andrews, 1869; wrote on histology and nervous diseases.
James Clarke: '''James Clarke''' ([[1798]]-[[1861]]), antiquary ; local antiquities; published The Suffolk Antiqc 1849. x.
James Fernandez Clarke: '''James Fernandez Clarke''' ([[1812]]-[[1875]]), cal writer; apprenticed to a London physician; medicine in Dublin; wrote for the Lancet 1834-74 practitioner in London; published an autobi _ 1874. x.
James Stanier Clarke: '''James Stanier Clarke''' ([[1766]] ?-[[1834]]), author ; eldest son of Edward Clarke (1730-1786); rector of Preston, Sussex, 1790; naval chaplain, 1795-9; domestic chaplain to the Prince of Wales, 1799; LL.D. Oambridg 1816; canon of Windsor, 1821; published sermons, naval history, and lives of Nelson and James IL
Jeremiah Clarke: '''Jeremiah Clarke''' ([[1669]] ?-[[1707]]), composer; chorister of the Chapel Royal; organist at Winchester; vicar-choral of St. Paul's, 1699; organist at the Chapel Royal, 1704; committed suicide; composed songs, anthems, and music for the theatres.
Clarke: '''Clarke''' or CLERK, JOHN ([[1582]]-[[1653]]), physician; M.D. Cambridge, 1615; practised in London; revised the 'Pharmacopoeia
John Clarke: '''John Clarke''' ([[1609]]-[[1676]]), colonist ; physician in London; one of the first settlers at Rhode Island, 1688; physician and baptist preacher there; in England as agent for the colony, 1651-63; obtained a charter for it, 1663; returned to Rhode Island, 1663; published pamphlets,
John Clarke: '''John Clarke''' ([[1662]]-[[1723]]), Jesuit; called the apostle of Belgium; born at Kilkenny; educated at St. Omer's; joined the Jesuits, 1681; mlssioner in Belgium. 1690-1718.
John Clarke: '''John Clarke''' ([[1687]]-[[1734]]), schoolmaster ; M.A. Sfc John's College, Cambridge, 1710; schoolmaster at Hull (1720) and Gloucester; published Latin grammars, translations, and philosophical tracts.
John Clarke: '''John Clarke''' ([[1682]]-[[1757]]), dean of Salisbury; M.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1707; D.D., 1717; prebendary of Norwich; canon of Canterbury, 1721; dean of Salisbury, 1728; published translations and philosophical tracts.
John Clarke: '''John Clarke''' ([[1706]]-[[1761]]), schoolmaster; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1726; fellow, 1729; M.A., 1730; incumbent of Nun Moukton, Yorkshire; schoolmaster at Skipton, Beverley, 1735, and Wakefield, 1751.
John Clarke: '''John Clarke''' ([[1761]]-[[1815]]), physician; studied medicine in London; accoucheur in London; lectured on midwifery; wrote medical treatises.
Clarke: '''Clarke''' 245
Clarke: '''Clarke'''
John Clarke: '''John Clarke''' ([[1770]]-[[1836]]), Mus. Doc. See WIIIT
Felu: '''Felu'''
John Clarke: '''John Clarke''' (J. [[1879]]), comedian ; a photographer ; acted in the provinces; acted in London, 1852; became celebrated as a burlesque actor, 1856.
John Randall Clarke: '''John Randall Clarke''' ([[1828]] 7-[[1863]]), architect ; published architectural histories of Gloucester and Llanthony Abbey, as well as Gloucester Cathedral and Mauxlcy Hall two romances.
John Sleeper Clarke: '''John Sleeper Clarke''' ([[1833]]-[[1899]]), actor ; born in Baltimore; educated for American law; first appeared on stage at Boston, 1851; joint lessee successively of Arch Street Theatre, Philadelphia, Winter Garden Theatre, New York, and other houses; managed Haymarket, 1878, and Strand, 1885.
Joseph Clarke: '''Joseph Clarke''' (d. [[1749]]), controversialist : educated at Westminster; fellow of Magdalene College, CambridKe: M.A.
Joseph Clarke: '''Joseph Clarke''' ([[1758]]-[[1834]]), physician ; educated at Glasgow University, 1775-6; and Edinburgh University, 1776-9; M.D. Edinburgh, 1779; studied midwifery in London, 1781; accoucheur in Dublin, 1781-1829; physician to the lying-in hospital, 1786; wrote medical treatises. i; M.A. St.
Joseph Clarke: '''Joseph Clarke''' ([[1811]] 7-[[1860]]), divine John's College, Cambridge, 1841; rector of Stretford, Lancashire; published tracts.
Marcus Andrew Hislop Clarke: '''Marcus Andrew Hislop Clarke''' ([[1846]]-[[1881]]), author; generally called MARCUS CLARKE; emigrated to Victoria, 1863; journalist in Melbourne, 1867; wrote novels, plays, and pantomimes.

[edit] Section 277

Mary Anne Clarke: '''Mary Anne Clarke''' ([[1776]]-[[1852]]), mistress of Frederick, duke of York; n4t Thompson; married Clarke, a stonemason, 1794; actress; lived extravagantly, 1803; bribed to use her influence to obtain army promotions from the Duke of York, commander-in-chief; examined by the Commons, 1809; tried for libel, 1809; imprisoned tor libel, 1813; withdrew to Paris, c. 1816.
Mary Victoria Clarke: '''Mary Victoria Clarke''' 00 WDEN- ([[1809]]-[[1898]]), compiler of a concordance to Shakespeare; daughter of Vincent Novello; married Charles Oowden-Clarke fq. v., 1828; produced, 1829-41, Complete Concordance to Shakespeare published in monthly parts, 1844-6; she resided in Italy from 1856. Her works includeThe Shakespeare Key 1879, andRecollections of Writers 1878, written in collaboration with her husband.
Matthew Clarke: '''Matthew Clarke''' , the elder ([[1630]] 7-[[1708]] 7), congregational minister; son of a Shropshire parson; educated at Westminster School; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1653; army chaplain in Scotland; intruded rector of Narborough, Leicestershire, 1657-62; nonconformist preacher in Leicestershire; congregational minister at Market Harborough, 1672.
Matthew Clarke: '''Matthew Clarke''' , the younger ([[1664]]-[[1726]]), congregational minister; son of Matthew Clarke the elder ; assistant minister at Market Harborough, 1684; minister at Sandwich, 1687; pastor of the congregational church, Miles Lane, London, 1689; preacher at PinnersHall, 1697; published sermons.
Matthew Clarke: '''Matthew Clarke''' ([[1701]]-[[1778]]), physician ; studied medicine at Leyden, 1721; M.D. Cambridge, 1728; physician to Guy's Hospital, 1732-54.
Sir Robert Clarke: '''Sir Robert Clarke''' (d. [[1607]]), judge : barrister of Lincoln's Inn, 1668; baron of the exchequer, 1587; knighted, 1603.
Robert Clarke: '''Robert Clarke''' (d. [[1676]]), Latin poet ; real name
Graine: '''Graine''' ; educated at Douay ; professor of poetry at Douay: sent on the English mission, 1629; Carthusian at Nieuport, 1632-75; wrote, in Latin, plays and a religious epic.
Samuel Clarke: '''Samuel Clarke''' ([[1626]]-[[1669]]), orientalist; educated at Merton College, Oxford, 1640-4; M.A., 1648; schoolmaster at Islington; contributed to Walton's Biblia Polyglotta; esquire bedell of law and architypographus, 1 Oxford, 1658-69; studied Hebrew, Arabic, Persian, and Turkish.
Samuel Clarke: '''Samuel Clarke''' ([[1599]]-[[1683]]), divine: entered Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1616; curate in Cheshire; puritan preacher at Warwick; rector of Alcester, Warwickshire, 1633-45; curate of St. Bennet Fink, London, 1642-62; member of the Savoy conference, 1661; withdrew to Isleworth; published poems, devotional tracts, and numerous biographies.
Clarke: '''Clarke''' or CLARK, SAMUEL ([[1626]]-[[1701]]), annotator of the bible; eldest son of Samuel Clarke (15991683); of Pembroke College, Cambridge; intruded fellow, 1644-51; intruded rector of Grendon Underwood, Buckinghamshire; ejected, 1662; congregational minister at High Wycombe; published an annotated bible, 1690; a concordance, 1696, and other bib cal works,
Samuel Clarke: '''Samuel Clarke''' ' ([[1675]]-[[1729]]), metaphysician; B.A. Caius College, Cambridge, 1695; D.D.; disciple of Isaac Newton; published Latin translation of the Cartesian Jacques Rohault's Physics with Newtonian notes, 1697; chaplain to Moore, bishop of Norwich, 1698; delivered Boyle lectures, On the Being and Attributes of God 1704-6; rector of Drayton, near Norwich; rector of St. Benet's, Paul's Wharf, London, 1706, and of St. James's, Westminster, 1709; wrote against Henry Dodwell, 1706; published Latin translation of Newton's Optics 1706; published Scripture Doctrine of the Trinity 1712; edited Ceesar, 1712; accused of Arianism, 1714; held a philosophical correspondence with Leibnitz, 1715-16; master of Wigston's Hospital, Leicester, 1718; declined the mastership of the mint, 1727; edited Homer's Iliad 1729; founder of the intellectual school, which deduced the moral law from a logical necessity; his collected works published, 1738.
Samuel Claeke: '''Samuel Claeke''' ([[1684]]-[[1750]]), theological writer ; congregational minister at St. Albaus; published "The SaintsInheritance; being a Collection of the Promises of Scripture
Theophilus Clarke: '''Theophilus Clarke''' ([[1776]]7-[[1831]]7), painter; pupil of John Opie; exhibited in London, 1795-1810.
Sir Thomas Clarke: '''Sir Thomas Clarke''' ([[1703]]-[[1764]]), judge; educated at Westminster, 1717-21; M.A., Trinity College, Cambridge, 1728; fellow, 1727; barrister of Gray's Inn, 1729; M.P. for St. Michael's, Cornwall, 1747, and for Lostwithiel, 1754-61; master of the rolls, 1754; knighted, 1754.
Thomas Clarke: '''Thomas Clarke''' (l. [[1768]]-[[1775]]), painter ; trained in Dublin; came to London, 1768; exhibited, 1769-75.
Timothy Clarke: '''Timothy Clarke''' (d. [[1672]]), physician : of Balliol College, Oxford; M.D., 1652; F.R.C.P., 1664; physician to Charles II; F.R.S.; friend of Samuel Pepys.
Sir William Clarke: '''Sir William Clarke''' ([[1623]] 7-[[1666]]), secretary at war; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1653; secretary to Monck; secretary at war, 1661; knighted; mortally wounded in the action off Harwich.
William Clabke: '''William Clabke''' ([[1640]] 7-[[1684]]), physician ; B.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1661; fellow, 1663-6; practitioner at Bath, and afterwards at Stepney; wrote on 'Nitre 1670.
William Clarke: '''William Clarke''' ([[1696]]-[[1771]]), antiquary ; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1717; M.A., 1719; rector of Buxted, Sussex, 1724-68; canon of Chichester, 1738, and chancellor, 1770; wrote on miscellaneous subjects, including the relation between Roman, Saxon, and English coins.
William Clarke: '''William Clarke''' ([[1800]]-[[1838]]), writer of juvenile literature.
William Branwhite Clarke: '''William Branwhite Clarke''' ([[1798]]-[[1878]]), geologist; M.A. Cambridge, 1824; curate of Ramsholt, Suffolk; made fifteen geological excursions to the continent; published poems, 1822, and scientific papers, 18331838; Anglican clergyman in New South Wales, 1840-70; discovered gold there in 1841, tin in 1849, and diamonds in 1869; studied the Australian coal-measures; visited Tasmania, 1866 and 1860; F.R.S. London, 1876; published numerous scientific papers.
William Fairlie Clarke: '''William Fairlie Clarke''' ([[1833]]-[[1884]]X medical writer; born in Calcutta; educated at Rugby, Oxford, and Edinburgh; studied medicine in London; M.B. Oxford, 1862; surgeon in London: M.D. Oxford, 1876; published a Manual of... Surgery 1866, and a monograph on Diseases of the Tongue 1873.
Clarkson: '''Clarkson''' 246
Claypoole: '''Claypoole'''

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David Clarkson: '''David Clarkson''' ([[1622]]-[[1686]]), controversialist; V..A. Clare Hall, Cambridge; intruded fellow, 1646-51; intruded incumbent of Mortlnke, Surrey, 1651-G2; congregational minister in London, 1682; published sermons and treatises against episcopacy and Romanism.
John Clarkson: '''John Clarkson''' ([[1697]]-[[1763]]), Dominican friar, 1716; missioner in Leicestershire, 1753-46; confessor in BrusgeK 1747; prior of Bornhem,1753; died at Brussels; published devotional and philosophical tracts,
Laurence Clarkson: '''Laurence Clarkson''' ([[1615]]-[[1667]]). See OLAX
Tox: '''Tox'''
Nathaniel Clarkson: '''Nathaniel Clarkson''' ([[1724]]-[[1795]]), painter; coach-painter, of Islington; exhibited portraits, 1762-7; tried historical painting.
Thomas Clarkson: '''Thomas Clarkson''' ([[1760]]-[[1846]]), philanthropist ; son of the schoolmaster of Wisbeach; educated at St. Paul's School, 1775-80: B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1783; in deacon's orders; published a prize essay against slavery, 1786; agitated for the abolition of slavery, 1787-94, and 1806-33; urged it on the French government, 1789-90, and on the czar, 1818; granted the freedom of London, 1839. His works include pamphlets on shivery, theological tracts, and a memoir of William Penn.
Francis Clater: '''Francis Clater''' ([[1756]]-[[1823]]), author of ' Every Man his own Farrier 1783, and His own Cattle Doctor 1810; farrier and subsequently druggist.
Thomas Clater: '''Thomas Clater''' ([[1789]]-[[1867]]), painter ; third son of Francis Olater; exhibited, chiefly genre works, in London, 1819-63.
Antoine Francois Jean Clattdet: '''Antoine Francois Jean Clattdet''' ([[1797]]1867), photographer; born at Lyons; director of glassworks at Choisy-le-Roi; glass warehouseman in London, 1829; invented a glass-cutting machine, 1833; set up as daguerreotype photographer, 1840; soon adopted the collodion process; introduced improvements in photography; wrote on photographic subjects; F.R.S., 1863.
Piers Oalverley Clattghton: '''Piers Oalverley Clattghton''' ([[1814]]-[[1884]]), bishop of Colombo; B.A. Brasenose College, Oxford, 1835; fellow and tutor of University College, Oxford, 1837-42; bishop of St. Helena, 1859-62; bishop of Colombo, 1862-70; archdeacon of London, 1870; chaplain-general of the forces, 1875; published sermons and theological tracts.
Thomas Legh Clattghton: '''Thomas Legh Clattghton''' ([[1808]]-[[1892]]), bishop of St. Albans; brother of Piers Calverley Claughton ; educated at Rugby and Trinity College, Oxford; B.A., 1831; fellow, 1832-42; M.A., 1833; public examiner, 1835; select preacher, 1841, 1850, 1860, and 1868; professor of poetry, 1852-7; ordained, 1834; vicar of Kidderminster, 1841-67; bishop of Rochester, 1867-77; first bishop of new diocese of St. Albans, 1877-90; published sermons and religious writings.
John Clavel: '''John Clavel''' ([[1603]]-[[1642]]), highwayman; sentenced to death but pardoned, 1627; published metrical autobiography, 1628.
Robert Clavell: '''Robert Clavell''' (d. [[1711]]), bookseller, of London ; published pamphlet against the Dutch, 1665; issued catalogues of current literature, 1668-1700.
John Graham of Claverhouse: '''John Graham of Claverhouse''' ([[1649]]?1689).
Sir John Clavering: '''Sir John Clavering''' ([[1722]]-[[1777]]), opponent of Warren Hastings; entered the Coldstream guards; brigadier-general in attack on Guadeloupe, 1759; titular colonel, 1759; military attache in Hesse-Ca?sel, 1760-3; lieutenantgeneral, 1770; given command of the Bengal army, 1774; opposed Warren Hastings in the council of Bengal; K.B., 1776; tried to hold Hastings to his resignation, 1777.
Robert Clavering: '''Robert Clavering''' ([[1671]]-[[1747]]), bishop of"peterborough; educated at Edinburgh, and Lincoln College, Oxford; M.A., 1696; fellow and tutor of Univorsity College, Oxford, 1701; dean and rector of Booking, Iflnior. 1714-19; D.D., canon of Christ ("luin-ii.;md professor of Hebrew, Oxford, 1715; bishop of Llanda;T, 1725; translated to Peterborough, 1729; published translations from the Hebrew, sermons, and charges.
Claxton: '''Claxton''' or CLARKSON, LAURENCE ([[1615]]1667), sectary; presbyterian, subsequently an amiuomian; intruded rector of Pulham, Norfolk; joi tists, 1644; imprisoned at Bury St. Edmuiiu joined theBeckers; intruded vicar of Samhvi fordxhire, c. 1646, and of a Lincolnshire church, 1047; his 4 Single Eye all Light burnt, by order of the Commons, 1650; intruded incumbent of churches in Norfolk, c. 1658; joined the Muggletonians, 1658; prisoner for debt, 1CG6published sectarian tracts, 1646-60.
Marshall Claxton: '''Marshall Claxton''' ([[1813]]-[[1881]]), historical painter; art student in London, 1831; exhibited. 1832; visited Rome, 1837; returned to England before 1843; exhibited pictures in Australia, 1850, and India; visited Egypt; returned to London, 1858.
Alfred Borron Clay: '''Alfred Borron Clay''' ([[1831]]-[[1868]]), historical painter; second son of John Clay; art student in London, 1852; exhibited, 1854-68.
Charles Clay: '''Charles Clay''' ([[1801]]-[[1893]]), ovariotomist ; apprenticed as surgeon in Manchester; studied at Edinburgh University; L.R.C.S. Edinburgh, 1823; extraL.R.C.P. London, 1842; practised in Manchester, where he was at one time senior medical officer and lecturer on midwifery at St. Mary's Hospital; placed the operation ovariotomy on a sure foundation; published Cornp Handbook of Obstetric Surgery 1856, and other surgical works, besides treatises relating to geology and numismatics.
Frederick Clay: '''Frederick Clay''' ([[1839]]-[[1889]]), musician; born in Paris; son of James Clay; private secretary to Henry Bouverie William Brand (afterwards Viscount Hampden); produced two operettas which met with success; collaborated with Tom Taylor in Court and Cottage 1862; formed friendship with Sir Arthur Seymour Sullivan; subsequently produced, with Mr. W. S. Gilbert, Mr. G. R. Sims, and other librettists, several operettas; set, 1877, libretto constructed by W. G. Wills, from Lalla Rookh which contains his most successful piece, I'll sing thee songs of Araby and the quartette, Morn wanes, we must away
James Clay: '''James Clay''' ([[1805]]-[[1873]]), author of ' A Treatise on ... Whistl864; son of a London merchant; educated at Winchester; travelled in the East, 1830; M.P. for Hull, 1847-73.
John Clay: '''John Clay''' ([[1796]]-[[1858]]), chaplain of Preston gaol (1823-58); merchant's clerk in Liverpool; ordained, 1821; B.D. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1835; published reports on prison management, sermons, and other works.
John Granby Clay: '''John Granby Clay''' ([[1766]]-[[1846]]), general ; ensign, 1782; lieutenant, 1788; served in the West Indies, 17861794; major, 1795; at home statiqns, 1795-1800; in the Egyptian campaign, 1801; lieutenant-colonel, 1804; stationed at Manchester, where he suppressed the riots of 1808 and 1812; major-general, 1813; general, 1841.
Sir William Clay: '''Sir William Clay''' ([[1791]]-[[1869]]), politician"' merchant in London; M.P. for Tower Hamlets, 1832-57; created baronet, 1841; published political pamphlets, 1834-56.

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William Keatinge Clay: '''William Keatinge Clay''' ([[1797]]-[[1867]]), antiquary; ordained, 1823; B.D. Cambridge, 1836; minor canon of Ely, 1837; vicar of Waterbeach, Cambridgeshire, 1864-67; wrote on the prayer book; edited liturgical works; published histories of four Cambridgeshire parishes.
John Claymond: '''John Claymond''' ([[1457]] ?-[[1537]]), divine ; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1483; fellow, 1488; president, 1604-17; D.D., 1510; vicar of Norton, Durham, 14981518, with much other preferment; master of St. Cross, Winchester, 1605-24; president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1517-37; wrote notes on classical authors; benefactor of Brasenose, Magdalen, and Corpus Christi colleges.
Claypoole: '''Claypoole''' or CLAYPOLE, ELIZABETH ([[1629]]1658), second daughter of Oliver Cromwell; married, 1646, John Claypoole; said to have interceded for royalist prisoners; buried in Westminster Abbey.
Claypoole: '''Claypoole''' or CLAYPOLE, JOHN (d. [[1688]]), parliamentarian; in arms for the parliament, 1645; married,
Clayton: '''Clayton''' 247
Cljeland: '''Cljeland''' lillii. Cromwell's second daughter see CI,AVIOOLK, Ku:i rn; rai-tii a troop of hore, 1651; roaster of the to the Protector: M.F., lo-VI, Iti5; one of Cromwell's peers. 1057; iiimri-o:i- 1 a- a suspect, 1678.
Charlotte Clayton: '''Charlotte Clayton''' , LADY RrxnciN (d. [[1742]]), woman of tin- bedchamber to Queen Caroline; daughter of John !yve: married William Clnyton, afterwards Baron Sundbn in the lri-h peerage; became bedchamber woman to OUITII Caroline when 1'rineessof Vales in 1714; obtained great influence over her, and controlled court patronage.
Clayton: '''Clayton''' .JoHN" (1C93-[[1773]]), botanist; went to Virginia, 1705; secretary of Gloucester County, Virginia; aent scientific papers to the Royal Society, 1739; collected American plants for European botanists.
John Clayton: '''John Clayton''' ([[1709]]-[[1773]]), divine; educated at Manchester school and Brasenose College, Oxford; M.A., 17::; joinedthe Oxford Methodists c. 1728; curate at Balford, 17:;{: tunirht school there; one of the chaplains of Manchester Collegiate Church, 1740, and fellow, 17GO; publicly acknowledged the Young Pretender, 1745; publi-lie-l trnct on poor relief, and sermons; editedAnacreontica 1754.
John Clayton: '''John Clayton''' ([[1728]]-[[1800]]), painter of still-life ; surgeon's apprentice; exhibited, 1761-78; his studio accidentally burnt, 1769.
John Clayton: '''John Clayton''' ([[1754]]-[[1843]]), congregationalist ; apothecary's apprentice in Manchester; educated at Trevecca College; preacher in the Countess of Huntingdon's cnapel, Tunbridge Wells; failed to obtain ordination, 1 777; presbyterian minister at West Looe, Cornwall: pastor of Weighhouse Chapel, London, 1778-1826; published devotional treatises.
John Clayton: '''John Clayton''' (d. [[1861]]), architect; much employed at Hereford; settled in London, 1839; exhibited architectural drawings, 1839-56; published works on architecture, 1846-56.
John Clayton: '''John Clayton''' ([[1780]]-[[1865]]), congregationalist ; son of John Clayton (1754-1843); pastor of the Poultry Chapel, London; published sermons.
John Clayton: '''John Clayton''' ([[1843]]-[[1888]]), actor; real name
John: '''John''' - ALFRED OALTHROP ; educated at Merchant Taylors' School; joined Miss Herbert's company at St. James's, 1866, playing Hastings in She stoops to Conquer; subsequently appeared at many London theatres; jointmanager of Court Theatre, 1881-7, during which period he appeared in comic plays by Mr. Pinero and other writers.
Nicholas Clayton: '''Nicholas Clayton''' ([[1733]] ?-[[1797]]), presbyterian divine; educated at Glasgow; pastor at Boston, Lincolnshire, 1769-63, and in Liverpool, 1763-81: divinity tutor at Warrington academy, 1781-3; D.D. Edinburgh, 1782; pastor in Nottingham, 1785-95.
Richard Clayton: '''Richard Clayton''' (d. [[1612]]), dean of Peterborough; entered St. John's College, Cambridge, 1572; B.A. Oxford, 1576: fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1577; M.A., 1579: D.D., 1592; master of Magdalene College, Cambridge, 159:}; archdeacon of Lincoln, 1596; master of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1695; built the second court there; canon, 1596, and dean, 1607, of Peterborough.
Clayton: '''Clayton''' Sm RICHARD (d. [[1828]]), translator ; inherited Adlington, Lancashire, 1770; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1771; created baronet, 1774; recorder of WigAH, 1815; consul at Nantes; published essays and translations, 1790-1817.
Clayton: '''Clayton''' or CLETON, SIR ROBERT ([[1629]]-[[1707]]), politician: a London scrivener: bought Bletchingley, Surrey, 1677; alderman of London, 1670-88: sheriff and knighted, 1671; lord mayor, 1679-80; M.P., London, 16791681; advocated the Exclusion Bill: one of the committee to defend the city charter, 1682; M.P., 1689-1707; benefactor of St. Thomas's Hospital and Christ's Hospital.
Robert Clayton: '''Robert Clayton''' ([[1695]]-[[1758]]), Irish bishop ; born in Dublin; educated at Westminster School; B.A. and fellow of Trinity College, Dublin, 1714; LL.D., 1722; D.D., 1730; travelled; inherited estates in Lancashire, 1728; bishop of Killala and Achonry, 1730; bishop of I Cork and Ross, 1755; bishop of Clogher, 1745; denied the i archbishopric of Tuam, Ixnntf accused of Arianism, 1752; I threatened with prosecution for heresy, 1757; published sermons and theological works, 173K-57.
Thomas Clayton: '''Thomas Clayton''' (. [[1706]]), composer ; a member of William Ill's band, 1692-1702; travelled in Italy, 1702-4; introduced Italian opera at Drury Lane, 1706-fl, succeeding withArsinoe 1705, but failing with Rosa ! mond 1707.
Clea: '''Clea''' 8BY, SIR ANTHONY ([[1804]]-[[1879]]), judge; at Eton, 1820-3: fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1828; M.A., 1830; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1831; gained lucrative commercial practice; unsuccessiul as candidate for parliament, 1862-67: baron of the exchequer, 1868-78; knighted, 1868; unsuccessful on the bench.
Richard Cleasby: '''Richard Cleasby''' ([[1797]]-[[1847]]), philologist: broker's clerk in London; studied in Italy and Germany from 1824, becoming a master of CJerman dialects; visited Denmark and Sweden, 1834 and 1839-40; began an * Icelandic-English Dictionary (published by Gudbrand Vigfusson, 1873).
Euseby Cleaver: '''Euseby Cleaver''' ([[1746]]-[[1819]]), archbishop of Dublin; educated at Westminster; M.A. Christ Church, i Oxford, 1770: D.D., 1783; rector of Spofforth, Yorkshire, 1774-83; rector of Tillington and Petworth, Sussex, 1783: I prebendary of Chicheater, 1787; chaplain to the lord! lieutenant'of Ireland, 1787: bishop of Cork, 1789, and of Ferns, 1789; archbishop of Dublin, 1809; became imbecile,
William Cleaver: '''William Cleaver''' ([[1742]]-[[1815]]), bishop of St. Asaph; B.A. Magdalen College, Oxford, 1761; fellow of Brasenose College; M.A., 1764; principal of Braseuose, 1785-1809; prebendary of Westminster, 1784; bishop of Chester, 1787, of Bangor, 1800, and of St. Asaph, 1806; mostly non-resident; published some classical texts; chiefly remembered by De Quincey's encomiums.

[edit] Section 280

Bourchier Cleeve: '''Bourchier Cleeve''' ([[1715]]-[[1760]]), writer on finance; a London pewterer; bought Foots Cray Place, ! Kent, c. 1755; published scheme for reducing the national ! debt, 1756.
James Clegg: '''James Clegg''' ([[1679]]-[[1755]]), presbyterian minister : i M.D.; minister and physician at Malcalf, 1702, and, ! 1711-55. at Chinley; published sermons, 1721-36.
John Clegg: '''John Clegg''' ([[1714]] ?-[[1746]] ), violinist; born in ; Ireland: trained in Italy; a professional of repute in London, 1723-44; confined in Bedlam, 1744-6.
Samuel Clegg: '''Samuel Clegg''' , the younger ([[1814]]-[[1856]]), en! giueer; son of Samuel Clegg (1781-1861); surveyor in Portugal, 1836; railway engineer; professor of en! gineering at Putney, and at Chatham, 1849-56; published treatise on coal-gas, 1850.
Samuel Clegg: '''Samuel Clegg''' , the elder ([[1781]]-[[1861]]), gas engineer ; ; educated in Manchester; apprentice to Roulton & Watt, i engineers, Soho: a pioneer of gas-lighting in Yorkshire, and (1813) London; invented the water gas-meter; gas j engineer at Lisbon.
George Cleghorn: '''George Cleghorn''' ([[1716]]-[[1789]]), physician: edu; cated at Edinburgh; army surgeon at Minorca, 1736-49: M.D.; published observations on diseases epidemic in i Minorca, 1751; lecturer and professor of anatomy in j Dublin, 1751-89.
James Cleghorn: '''James Cleghorn''' ([[1778]]-[[1838]]), actuary ; farmer, and, in 1811, journalist in Edinburgh; became an accountant of repute.
Clein: '''Clein''' or CLEYN, FRANCIS ([[1590]] 7-[[1658]]), draughtsman; born at Rostock, Germany; patronised by Christian IV of Denmark: studied in Italy; engaged by James I as designer for the Mortlake tapestry works, 1623; pensioned by Charles I, 1625; book-illustrator, 1637-50.
James Cleland: '''James Cleland''' ([[1770]]-[[1840]]), statistician; a Glasgow cabinet-maker: superintendent of public works, London, 1814; took the census of Glasgow, 1819, 1821, 1831; published histories of Glasgow, 1816-36.
John Cleland: '''John Cleland''' ([[1709]]-[[1789]]), novelist: entered Westminster School, 1722; consul at Smyrna; East India
Cleland: '''Cleland''' 248
Clerk: '''Clerk''' -MAXWELL Company's servant at Bombay, 1736; wandered over Europe; published his first novel,Fanny Hill 1760; pensioned; journalist in London, 1757; published novels and dramatic pieces.
William Cleland: '''William Cleland''' ([[1661]]7-[[1689]]), covenanter; educated at St. Andrews, 1676; fought at Drumclog and Bothwell Bridge, 1679; took part in Argyll's invasion, 1686; escaped to Holland; returned to Scotland to agitate for the Prince of Orange, 1688; killed in action at Dunkeld; his poems posthumously published, 1697.
William Cleland: '''William Cleland''' ([[1674]] ?-[[1741]]). friend of Pope ; student at Utrecht; served in Spain, 1705; commissioner of customs in Scotland; commissioner of taxes in England, 1723.
Scotus Clement: '''Scotus Clement''' I (ft, [[745]]), bishop among the Franks; probably a native of Ireland; resisted the Romanising policy of Archbishop Boniface of Mentz; deposed and imprisoned by Boniface as married and a heretic, 744; sentence confirmed, 746.
Scotus Ii Clement: '''Scotus Ii Clement''' (ft. [[820]]), grammarian ; left Ireland for France, c. 772: taught at Charles the Great's court; died probably at WUrzburg; reputed author of two Latin grammatical tracts; often confused with Clemens Scotus I, and with Claudius (d. 839 ?), wrongly called Clemens Claudius, bishop of Turin, a Spaniard. _
Op Llanthony Clement: '''Op Llanthony Clement''' (d. [[1190]] ?), known also as
of Gloucester Clement: '''of Gloucester Clement''' , theological writer ; canon, sub-prior, and prior of Llanthony, where he was educated. His works includeOoncordia Quatuor Evangelistarum extant in several manuscripts, and other commentaries.
Caesar Clement: '''Caesar Clement''' (d. [[1626]]), Roman catholic divine ; educated at Douay, Rheims, and Rome; priest, 1585; D.D.; dean of St. Gudule's, Brussels.
Gregory Clement: '''Gregory Clement''' (d. [[1660]]), regicide ; Spanish merchant in London; M.P., Camelford, 1647-52; sat in the high court of justice and signed Charles I's deathwarrant; executed.
Clement: '''Clement''' or CLEMENTS, JOHN (d. [[1572]]), physician; educated at St. Paul's School; tutor in Sir Thomas More's family; M.D.; Cardinal Wolsey's lecturer in rhetoric, Oxford, e. 1519; subsequently reader in Greek; president of the College of Physicians, London, 1544; a strong Romanist; withdrew to Louvain, 1547; practised medicine in Essex, 1554-9; withdrew to Mechlin, 1569.
Ret: '''Ret''' ([[1508]]
Clement: '''Clement''' or CLEMENTS, MARGA 1670), ntt Giggs; kinswoman of Sir Thomas More; married John Clement, c. 1530; died at Mechlin. _
William Innbll Clement: '''William Innbll Clement''' (d. [[1852]]), part proprietor of the Observer c. 1814; proprietor of the Morning Chronicle 1821-34, and of Bell's Life
Michael Clements: '''Michael Clements''' (d. [[1796]] ?), naval officer ; as lieutenant, distinguished himself in action, 1767; commanded frigate, 1757; took part in capture of Thurot's squadron at Belfast, 1760; served in the Mediterranean, 1760-3 and 1770; defended Admiral Keppel, 1778, and was shamefully neglected by the admiralty in consequence; retired, 1787; titular rear-admiral.

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Andrew Clench: '''Andrew Clench''' (d. [[1692]]), physician : M.D.Cambridge, 1671; fellow of the College of Physicians, London, 1680; murdered, 1692.
John Clench: '''John Clench''' (d. [[1607]]), judge ; barrister of Lincoln's Inn, 1668; baron of the exchequer, 1681; justice of the queen's bench, 1584-1603.
Luke Clennell: '''Luke Clennell''' ([[1781]]-[[1840]]), wood engraver and painter; trained by Thomas Bewick, 1797-1804; wood engraver in London, 1804-10; exhibited watercolour paintings, 1812-18; was insane from 1817 till death.
Clenocke: '''Clenocke''' or CLYNOG, MAURICE (f 1*80?), divine; a Welshman; B.C.L. Oxford, 1648; chaplain to Cardinal Pole; a pluralist; nominated by Queen Mary to the see of Bangor, 1668; withdrew to Rome, 1560; officer of the hospital for English pilgrims, 1667; rector of the English college, 15.78-9: drowned at sea.
John Clephane: '''John Clephane''' (d. [[1758]]), physician ; M.D. St. Andrews, 1729; army physician; physician to St. George's Hospital, London, 1761,
Charles Louis Clerisseau: '''Charles Louis Clerisseau''' ([[1721]]-[[1820]]), architectural draughtsman; born in Paris; long resident in Rome, sketching ancient buildings; exhibited in London, 1772-90, and in Paris, 1773-1808; invited to Pt. burg, 1783; died near Paris.
Clerk: '''Clerk'''
Sir George Clerk: '''Sir George Clerk''' ([[1787]]-[[1867]]), statesman : of Penicuik: succeeded as sixth baronet, 1798; educated at Edinburgh and, 1806. Trinity College, Oxford; advocate at Scottish bar, 1809; D.C.L. Oxford, 1810; M.P., 1811-62; lord of the admiralty, 1819-27; under-secretary for home affairs, 1830; master of the mint, 1845-6.
Sir George Russell Clerk: '''Sir George Russell Clerk''' ([[1800]]-[[1889]]), Indian civilian; educated at Haileybury College; writer in East India Company's service, 1817, and subsequently liHl successively several subordinate positions; political agent at Ambala, 1831; British envoy at Lahore; governor of Bombay, 1846-8 and 1860-2; K.C.B., 1848; permanent under-secretary to India board, 1856, and secretary, 1867; permanent under-secretary of state for India, 1858; member of Indian council, 1863; G.C.S.I., 1866.
John Clerk: '''John Clerk''' (d. [[1541]]), bishop of Bath and Wells : M.A. Cambridge, 1502; LL.D. Bologna; rector of Hothfield, Kent, 1508, with other benefices; dean of Windsor, 1519; chaplain and agent of Wolsey: envoy to Rome, 1521; master of the rolls, 1522-3: bishop of Bath and Wells, 1523; tried to obtain the papacy for Wolsey, 1523; envoy to France, 1526, and to Rome, 1527; assented to Henry VIII's divorce, 1529; envoy to Cleves, 1540.
John Clerk: '''John Clerk''' (d. [[1552]]), Roman catholic writer; educated at Oxford: visited France and Italy; secretary to Thomas, duke of Norfolk; committed suicide in the Tower; published translations and theological pieces. lik; anti !, SIR JOHN (1684-1755), of Penicui quary; advocate; M.P. in Scottish parliament, 1702-7; a commissioner for the union, 1707: judge of the exchequer court in Scotland, 1708-55; succeeded as second baronet, 1722: patron of Allan Ramsay; collected antiquities; wrote antiquarian tracts. , JOHN (1728-1812), naval writer; of Eldin; younger son of Sir John Clerk; successful merchant in Edinburgh; practised drawing and etching, 1770; bought Eldin, near Edinburgh, c. 1773; wrote an Essay on Naval Tactics privately printed, 1782, published, 1790, and enlarged, 1797.
John Clerk: '''John Clerk''' , LORD ELDIN ([[1757]]-[[1832]]), Scottish judge; eldest son of John Clerk (1728-1812); apprentice to a writer to the signet; accountant; advocate, 1785; lord of session, 1823-8; failed as a judge.
Josiah Clerk: '''Josiah Clerk''' ([[1639]]-[[1714]]), physician; entered Peterhouse, Cambridge, 1656; M.D., 1666; fellow of the London College of Physicians, 1675; president, 1708.
Matthew Clerk: '''Matthew Clerk''' ([[1659]]-[[1735]]), Irish presbyterian; served in siege of Derry, 1689; minister of Kilrea, co. Derry, 1697-1729; wrote against non-subscription to the Westminster Confession, 1721; minister and schoolmaster at Londonderry, New Hampshire, 1729.
William Cleek: '''William Cleek''' (d. [[1665]]), civilian ; LL.D. Cambridge, 1629; practised at DoctorsCommons, 1629; a judge of the admiralty, 1651; published a law pamphlet, 1631.
Clerk: '''Clerk''' -MAXWELL, SIR GEORGE ([[1715]]-[[1784]]), of Penicuik; second son of Sir John Clerk; educated at Edinburgh and Leyden; assumed the name Clerk-Maxwell on marrying the heiress of Middlebie, Dumfriesshire; succeeded to baronetcy and Penicuik estate, 1782; wrote on farming.
Clerk: '''Clerk''' -MAXWELL, JAMES ([[1831]]-[[1879]]), first professor of experimental physics at Cambridge; contributed papers to the Royal Society of Edinburgh, on curves, 1846 and 1849, and on the equilibrium of elastic solids, 1850; left Edinburgh for Cambridge: fellow of Trinity College, 1865; professor of natural philosophy at Aberdeen, 1856-80, and at King's College, London, 1860-6; elected without opposition to the new chair of experimental physics at Cambridge, 1871; his essay on
Clerke: '''Clerke''' 249
Clifford: '''Clifford''' 'Saturn's Rings gained the Adams prize, 1857; and his studies on the kinetic theory of gases are described In many papers, but his theories are not altogether accepted now; investigated the theory of colours in relation to colour-blindness, on which he read a paper before the Royal Society, 1860, and gained the Rmnford medal. His best-known researches, dealing with electricity and magnetism, commenced 1856; and the theories he formulated in his t realise, 1873, daily gain more and more acceptance; foremost physicists are engaged in developing his ideas; be also turned his attention to electrical measurements and the velocity of propagation of electro-magnetic waves. He founded a scholarship in experimental physics at Cambridge.
Clerke: '''Clerke'''
Bartholomew Clerke: '''Bartholomew Clerke''' ([[1537]] ?-[[1590]]), civilian ; educated at Eton; fellow of King's College, Cambridge, 1557: M.A., 1562; studied at Paris; proctor at Cambridge, 1564 and 1569; LL.D.; M.P. for Bramber, 1571; secretary to Thomas Sackville, lord Buckhurst, 1571; dean of arches, 1573; archdeacon of Wells, 1582; employed in the Low Countries, 1585-7; published a reply to Nicholas Sanders, 1573, and other works.
Charles Clerke: '''Charles Clerke''' ([[1741]]-[[1779]]), circumnavigator ; entered the navy, c. 1755; sailed round the world with John Byron, 1764-6; alleged that the Patagonians were eight feet high; master's mate in James Cook's voyage, 1768-71; lieutenant in Cook's second voyage, 1772-5; commanded ship in Cook's third voyage, 1776.
Clerke: '''Clerke''' or CLARKE, FRANCIS (. [[1594]]), civilian; practised at DoctorsCommons, 1559; B.C.L. Oxford, 1594; wrote Latin manuals of the admiralty and ecclesiastical courts.
Gilbert Clerke: '''Gilbert Clerke''' ([[1626]]-[[1697]]?), mathematician; entered Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1641; fellow, 1648-55; presbyterian minister, 1651; lived in retirement; published Latin mathematical and theological treatises, 1660-95.
Henry Clerke: '''Henry Clerke''' (d. [[1687]]), physician; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford: fellow, 1642-67; M.A., 1644; M.D., 1652; president, 1672-87.

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Richard Clerke: '''Richard Clerke''' (d. [[1634]]), divine ; D.D. Christ's College, Cambridge; vicar of Minster, Thanet, J597; one of the six preachers at Canterbury, J602 one of the translators of the Old Testament; his sermons published, 1637.
Thomas Henry Shadwell Clerke: '''Thomas Henry Shadwell Clerke''' j([[1792]]1849), military journalist; ensign, 1808; disabled by wounds for field service, 1811; major, 1830; editor of 1 Ooulburn's United Service Magazine 1829-42.
William Clerke: '''William Clerke''' (Jl. [[1595]]), reputed author of 1 The Triall of Bastardie 1594, and Polimanteia 1595; entered Trinity College, Cambridge, 1575; fellow, 1579; M.A., 1582.
Sir William Henry Clerke: '''Sir William Henry Clerke''' ([[1751]]-[[1818]]), baronet; of Christ Church, Oxford, 1769; B.C.L. All SoulsCollege, 1778; succeeded as eighth baronet, 1778; rector of Bury, Lancashire, 1778; imprisoned for debt; published sermons and pamphlets.
Michael Clery: '''Michael Clery''' ([[1575]]-[[1643]]).
Cleveland: '''Cleveland''' first DUKE OP, second creation. See
William Harry Vane: '''William Harry Vane''' , [[1766]]-[[1842]].
Duchess Op Cleveland: '''Duchess Op Cleveland''' ([[1641]]-[[1709]]). See VIL-
Barbara Liers: '''Barbara Liers''' .
Earl Op Cleveland: '''Earl Op Cleveland''' ([[1591]]-[[1667]]). See WENT-
Sir Thomas Worth: '''Sir Thomas Worth''' .
Augustus Cleveland: '''Augustus Cleveland''' ([[1755]]-[[1784]]), magistrate Of Boglipoor, Bengal.
John Cleveland: '''John Cleveland''' ([[1613]]-[[1658]]), cavalier poet; entered Christ's College, Cambridge, 1627; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1634-45; M.A., 1635: tutor; opposed Cromwell's election as M.P. for Cambridge borough, 1640; ejected as a royalist, 1645; his verses famous in royalist circles; judge-advocate at Newark, 1645-6; imprisoned at Yarmouth, 1655; released by Cromwell; published Poems 1656; his works re-edited, 1677, as Clievelandl Vindiciac
John Cleveley: '''John Cleveley''' ([[1747]]-[[1786]]), marine painter in oiland water-colours; twin-brother of Robert Cleveley; exhibited, as John Cleveley, junior, chiefly views on the Thames, 1767-82; draughtsman in Sir Joseph Banks's voyage to the Hebrides, 1772, and Captain Phipps's to the north seas, 1774.
Robert Cleveley: '''Robert Cleveley''' ([[1747]]-[[1809]]), marine painter in oil- and water-colours; twin-brother of John Cleveley ; exhibited, 1780-95.
Samuel Cleverley: '''Samuel Cleverley''' (d. [[1824]]), physician ; M.D. Edinburgh, 1797: went to study on the continent; prisoner in France, 1803-14; practitioner in London, 1815-24.
Anne Op Cleves: '''Anne Op Cleves''' ([[1515]]-[[1557]]).
Francis Cleyn: '''Francis Cleyn''' ([[1590]] ?-[[1658]]).
Cleypole: '''Cleypole''' dJDERHOTT, ROBERT DE (d. 1339 ?), justiciar; of Bayley, near Clitheroe, Lancashire; a clerk of chancery under Edward I and Edward II; justice Itinerant for Kent, Surrey, and Sussex, 1311; king's escheator, north of Trent, 1316 ?-18; parson of Wigan from before 1321 till death; fined for supporting Lancaster, 1323: built chapel at Bayley, 1331.
Henry Db Cliff: '''Henry Db Cliff''' (d. [[1334]]), judge ; a master In chancery before 1317; auditor of petitions, 1320; canon of York, 1324; master of the rolls, 1325-34.
Anne Clifford: '''Anne Clifford''' , COUNTESS OP DORSET, PEMBROKE, and MONTGOMERY (1590-1676), heiress of George Clifford, third earl of Cumberland; Involved in lawsuits over the estates; educated by Samuel Daniel, the poet; married, firstly, February 1609, Richard Sackville, lord Buckhurst (earl of Dorset, 1609); claimed the barony of Clifford, 1628; married, secondly, 1630, Philip Herbert, earl of Pembroke and Montgomery (d. 1660); lived unhappily with both husbands; inherited the Clifford estates, 1643; passionately fond of building; wrote an autobiography,
Arthur Clifford: '''Arthur Clifford''' ([[1778]]-[[1830]]), antiquary; at Stonyhurst College, 1795; published letters of Sir Ralph Sadler, 1809, Tixall Poetry 1813, and Tixall Letters 1815; published also a history of the Cliffords, a history of Tixall parish, and educational pamphlets.
Sir Augustus William James Clifford: '''Sir Augustus William James Clifford''' (1788-1877), usher of the black rod (1832-77); educated at Harrow; entered the navy, 1800; served in West Indies, 1803, and Mediterranean, 1807-12; captain, 1812; rear-admiral,;1848; admiral of the red, 1864; M.P. for Irish constituencies, 1818-32; knighted, 1830; created baronet, 1838.
Sir Oonyers Clifford: '''Sir Oonyers Clifford''' (d. [[1599]]), military commander; of Bobbing Court, Kent; knighted, 1591; -M.P. for Pembroke, 1593; hon. M.A. Cambridge, 1595; sergeant-major in the Cadiz expedition, 1596; president of Connaught, 1597; killed in battle with the Irish.
George Clifford: '''George Clifford''' , third EARL op CUMBERLAND (1558-1606), naval commander; eldest son of Henry de Clifford, second earl of Cumberland; succeeded as third earl, 1570; ward of Francis Russell, second earl of Bedford; at Trinity College, Cambridge, 1571-4; M.A., 1576; a gambler; wasted his estates; commanded a queen's ship against the Armada, 1588; a favourite at Elizabeth's court; fitted out ten privateering expeditions, mostly failures, against Spain and Spanish America, 1586-98, sailing personally with those of 1589, 1591, 1593, and 1598.

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Henry De Clifford: '''Henry De Clifford''' , fourteenth BARON CLIP-
Pord: '''Pord''' tenth BARON OP WESTMORELAND, first BARON
Vesci: '''Vesci''' ([[1456]] ?-[[1523]]), celebrated in Wordsworth's 'Brougham Castle andWhite Doe of Rylstone; eldest sou of John de Clifford, thirteenth baron, who was attainted and his estates forfeited, 1461; brought up as a shepherd; restored to titles and estates, 1485; summoned to parliament, 1486-97; received the submission of the I Yorkshire rebels, 1486; fought at Flodden, 1613; studied astrology.
Clifford: '''Clifford''' 250
Clifford: '''Clifford'''
Henry De Clifford: '''Henry De Clifford''' , first EARL OP CUMBER-
Land: '''Land''' fifteenth BAROX CLIFFORD, eleventh BARON OF
Mhrkland Wkst: '''Mhrkland Wkst''' , and second BAROX VKSCI ([[1493]]-[[1542]]), eldest son of Henry de Clifford, fourteenth baron: page to Henry VIII: styled Sir Harry Clifford: sheriff of Yorkshire, 1522; led his father's forces against the Scots, 1522; succeeded to the barony, 1523; in constant service against the Scots and often warden of the marches, 1523-34: created Earl of Cumberland, 1625; accepted Henry VIII's divorce, 1529: besieged in Skipton Castle by the northern insurgents, 1536; rewarded with church lands.
Henry De Clifford: '''Henry De Clifford''' , second EARL OF CUMBER-
Land: '''Land''' sixteenth BARON CLIFFORD, twelfth BARON OF
Westmoreland: '''Westmoreland''' and third BARON VESCI (d. [[1570]]), eldest son of Henry de Clifford, first earl; styled Lord Clifford; succeeded to title and estates, 1542: withdrew from court, 1547; favoured Mary Queen of Scots, 1569; alchemist.
Henry Clifford: '''Henry Clifford''' , fifth EARL OF CUMBERLAND (1591-1643), entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1607; B.A., 1609; K.B., 1610; summoned to the peers as Baron Clifford, 1628-9; lord lieutenant of Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmoreland, 1636-9; raised troops for Charles I's Scottish wars, 1639-40; succeeded to earldom, 1641; commanded royalist forces in Yorkshire, 1G42: besieged in York, 1642; wrote verses.
Henry Clifford: '''Henry Clifford''' ([[1768]]-[[1813]]), legal writer; of a Roman catholic family of Tixall, Staffordshire; educated at Liege; barrister of Lincoln's Inn, 1792; published pamphlets, 1790-1810.
Sir Henry Hugh Clifford: '''Sir Henry Hugh Clifford''' ([[1826]]-[[1883]]), majorgeneral; third son of Hugh Charles Clifford, seventh baron Clifford; entered the army, 1846; served in South Africa, 1847 and 1862-3; served in the Crimea. 1854-6; V.O.; brevet major; served in China, 1857-8; brevet colonel; staff officer at home station?, 1860-75; majorgeneral, 1869; controlled lines of communication in Zulu war, 1879; K.C.M.G., 1879.
Hugh Charles Clifford: '''Hugh Charles Clifford''' , seventh BARON
of Ohudleioh Clifford: '''of Ohudleioh Clifford''' ([[1790]]-[[1858]]), educated at Stonyhurst; served in the Peninsula; succeeded to barony, 1831; lived chiefly in Italy; died at Rome; published political pamphlets.
James Clifford: '''James Clifford''' ([[1622]]-[[1698]]), musician ; sou of an Oxford cook; chorister of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1632-42; minor canon of St. Paul's, London, 1661: sacrist, 1682; published Divine Services and Anthems 1663, and sermons.
John De Clifford: '''John De Clifford''' , thirteenth BARON CLIFFORD, ninth BARON OF WESTMORELAND (1435 ?-1461), son of Thomas de Clifford, twelfth baron; led troops to London to demand compensation for his father's death, 1458; reconciled to the Yorkist lords and attainted with them, 1459; summoned to parliament, 1460; fought against Yorkists at Wakefield, 1460; nicknamedthe Butcher for his cruelty; fell at Ferrybridge; attainted by the Yorkists. 1461.
Margaret Clifford: '''Margaret Clifford''' , COUNTESS OF CUMBER-
Land: '''Land''' ([[1660]]?-[[1616]]), youngest daughter of Francis Russell, earl of Bedford; married, 1577, George Clifford, third earl of Cumberland; separated from her husband; engaged in lawsuits to secure her daughter's estates, 1605 .
Martin Clifford: '''Martin Clifford''' (f. [[1677]]), author of ' A Treatise of Humane Reason 1674; educated at Westminster; B.A. Cambridge, 1643; buffoon about court, 1660; wrote anonymously against Dryden; master of the Charterhouse, 1671.
Richard Clifford: '''Richard Clifford''' (ef. [[1421]]), bishop of London ; canon of St. Stephen's, Westminster, 1385: imprisoned as a favourite of Richard II, 1388; guardian of the privy seal, 1388-1400; pluralist; dean of York, 1398; nominated by the pope to the see of Bath and Wells, 1401: bishop of Worcester, August, 1401; translated to London, 1407; presided at the trials for heresy of sir John Oldcastle, 1413, and of John Clayton, 1415; attended the council of Constance, 1416-17; obtained the papacy for Martin V, 1417.
Robert Dk Clifford: '''Robert Dk Clifford''' , fifth BARON OUFKORD, first BARON OF WESTMORELAND (1273-1314), succeeded to the Clifford estates, 1285, and to Brougham Castle and half the Vipont estates in Westmoreland, c. 1 -j-.il y; justice of forests north of Trent, 1297-1305; warden of the marches and governor of Carlisle, 1297; constantly fiihting iigainst the Scots from 1297; summoned to parliament. 1299-1313: took Caerlnverock Castle, 1300; granted part of Robert Bruce's English estates, 1306; granted Skipton Castle, 1310: a favourite of Edward II; joined baronial party, 1311; made his peace with Edward II, 1313; failed to relieve Stirling Castle, 23 June 1314; slain next day at Bannockbnrn.
Roger Dk Clifford: '''Roger Dk Clifford''' (,l. [[1285]] ?). soldier and judge; succeeded to his patrimony, as a minor, c. 1231: attended Henry III to France, 1259; sided with De Montfort, 1262-4; aided Henry III at the siege of Nottingham, 1264; justice of the forests south of Trent; fought for Henry III at Lewes and in the Welsh marches, 1264, and at Evesham, 1265; granted estates in Warwickshire and Leicestershire; attended Prince Edward on the crusade, 1270-4; commissioner in Wales, 1274; envoy to France, 1275; justice in Wales, 1279; taken prisoner by the Welsh insurgents, 1282.
Roger De Clifford: '''Roger De Clifford''' , ninth BARON CLIFFORD, fifth BARON OF WESTMORELAND (1333-1389), served in Flanders, 1345, and against the Spanish fleet, 1350; succeeded his brother in the estates, c. 1352; summoned to parliament, 1356-88; served in Gascony, 1355, 1369-60, in Ireland, 1361, 1368, in France, 1373, and in Brittany, 1388; frequently warden of the west marches, fighting against Scots, 1370-88; governor of Carlisle, 1377.

[edit] Section 284

Rosamond Clifford: '''Rosamond Clifford''' (FAIR ROSAMOND) (d. 1176 ?), daughter of Walter de Clifford; probably acknowledged as mistress of Henry II, 1174; buried in the choir of Godstow Abbey; her remains removed to the chapter-house, c. 1191; her story already famous, 1274. IN CLIFI
Thomas De Clifford: '''Thomas De Clifford''' , tenth BARON CLIFFORD, sixth BAROX OF WESTMORELAND (rf. 1391 ?), eldest son of Roger de Clifford, ninth baron; in attendance on Richard II, 1385; governor of Carlisle and warden of the marches, 1386; banished from court by the baronial party, 1388; succeeded to barony, 1390; summoned to "parliament, 1390-1: slain in Germany.
Thomas De Clifford: '''Thomas De Clifford''' , twelfth BARON CLIFFORD, eighth BARON OF WESTMORELAND (1414-1455), succeeded to barony, 1422; attended Bedford in France, 1436; raised troops against the Scots, 1435; summoned to parliament, 1436; called on for aid in the relief of Calais, 1452 and 1454; slain at St. Albans.
Thomas Clifford: '''Thomas Clifford''' , first BARON CLIFFORD OF
Chudleigh: '''Chudleigh''' ([[1630]]-[[1673]]), of Ugbrooke, Devonshire ; a concealed Romanist entered Exeter College, Oxford, 1647, and the Middle Temple, 1648; travelled; M.P., Totnes, 1660-72; joined court party, 1663; a commissioner for the care of the sick and wounded, 1664; a trustee for the Duke of Monmouth, 1665; knighted; a confidant of i Arlington: envoy to Denmark, 1665; served at sea, 1665-6; comptroller (1666), and treasurer (1668) of the household; cognisant of Charles II's wishes to establish i Roman Catholicism in England, 1669; intrigued in France i against the triple alliance, 1669; privy to secret clauses j of treaty of Dover, December 1670: granted estates by Charles II, 1671: acting secretary of state, 1672; advised I the suspension of exchequer payments, and the Declaration i of Indulgence, 1672; created Baron Clifford, 1672; lord I high treasurer, 1672; resigned under the Test Act, 1673.
Walter De Clifford: '''Walter De Clifford''' (rf. [[1190]]?), inherited estates in Herefordshire and other counties; obtained barony of Clifford before 1138, through his mother or by marriage; owned estates in Shropshire; fought with the Welsh, 1167-64.
William Clifford: '''William Clifford''' (d. [[1670]]), divine: pretender to the barony of Clifford; educated at Douay; missioner in England; rector of the English college, Lisbon: superior of Tournay College, Paris; published devotional tracts.
William Kingdon Clifford: '''William Kingdon Clifford''' ([[1846]]-[[1879]]), mathematician and metaphysician; educated at King's
Clift: '''Clift''' 251
Cljtherow: '''Cljtherow''' College, London, and Trinity College, Cambridge; second wnnrlor; irllow, 1HC8; professor of applied mathematics, University College, Ixndon, 1H71; wrote philosophical treatises, conceiving of consciousness as being built up out of simple elements of mind-stuff: K.K.S., 1*74: attacked by consumption, 187G; died at Madeira; his mathematical works published, 1879-85.
William Clift: '''William Clift''' ([[1775]]-[[1849]]), naturalist; early showed talent for drawing; secretary to John Hunter the physician, 1792-3; caretaker of Hunter's collections, 1793-1844; F.R.S., 1823; osteologist and medicul draughtsman; contributed to scientific journals.
Francis Clifton: '''Francis Clifton''' (d. [[1736]]), physician; M.D. Leyden, 1724; practitioner in London; withdrew to Jaiimica, 1734; published medical tracts, 1724-34.
John Clifton: '''John Clifton''' C. ([[1781]]-[[1841]]), composer of songs and glees; clerk in the stationery office: professional musician at Bath, and, 1802, at Dublin; music master in London, 1818; died insane.
Richard Clifton: '''Richard Clifton''' (d. [[1616]]), puritan; possibly vicar of Marnham, 1585, and rector of Babworth, Nottingham-hire, 1586; Brownist minister at Scrooby; minister at Amsterdam, 1610; wrote controversial tracts, 1610-12.
Robert Cox Clifton: '''Robert Cox Clifton''' ([[1810]]-[[1861]]), divine; B.A. Worcester College, Oxford, 1831; fellow, 1838; chaplain to Manchester Collegiate Church, 1837, and fellow, 1843; rector of Somerton, Oxfordshire, 1843-61; canon of Manchester, 1840.
Henry Cune: '''Henry Cune''' ([[1760]]-[[1827]]), surgeon; trained in London; practised from 1774; lecturer on anatomy to St. Thomas's Hospital, 1781-1811, and surgeon, 1784-1811; a strong whig.
Alfred Clint: '''Alfred Clint''' ([[1807]]-[[1883]]), etcher and marine painter; son of George Clint; exhibited, 1828-79, at first portraits, afterwards coast views.
George Clint: '''George Clint''' ([[1770]]-[[1854]]), portrait painter and engraver; a house-painter; miniature painter, c. 1808; much employed on theatrical portraits; mezzotint engraver,
Scipio Clint: '''Scipio Clint''' ([[1805]]-[[1839]]), medallist and sealengraver; son of George Clint; first exhibited, 1825.
Charles Clinton: '''Charles Clinton''' ([[1690]]-[[1773]]), American colonist, of co. Longford; emigrated, 1729; settled as a farmer in New York State, 1731; colonel of militia; commanded regiment against Canada, 1758.
Charles John Fynes Clinton: '''Charles John Fynes Clinton''' ([[1799]]-[[1872]]), divine; educated at Westminster and Oriel College, Oxford; B.A., 1821; rector of Cromwell, Nottinghamshire, 1828; published sermons.
Edward Fiennes De Clinton: '''Edward Fiennes De Clinton''' , ninth BARON
And Sate Clinton: '''And Sate Clinton''' , and first EARL OF LINCOLN ([[1512]]1585), lord high admiral; a royal ward, 1517; in attendance on Henry VIII, 1532; married, 1534, Elizabeth Blount, Henry VIII's mistress; summoned to parliament, 1636; served in the fleet against the Scots and French, 1544-7; governor of Boulogne, 1547; lord high admiral, 1550-4 and 1558-85; governor of the Tower, 1553-4; abandoned Lady Jane Grey and made his peace with Mary, 1564; held command in expedition to support Spaniards at St. Quentin, 1557; commanded the fleet against France, 1558; in attendance on Elizabeth, 1564; joint-commander against the northern rebels, 1569; commanded in North Sea, 1570; created Earl of Lincoln, 1672; envoy to France, 1572.
Geoffrey De Clinton: '''Geoffrey De Clinton''' (. [[1130]]), chamberlain and treasurer to Henry I; in attendance on Henry I before 1123; founded Kenilworth Prior, 1126; accused of treason, 1130.
Sir Henry Clinton: '''Sir Henry Clinton''' , the elder ([[1738]]7-[[1795]]), general; born in Newfoundland, of which his father was governor; captain of the New York militia; lieutenant, Ooldstream guards, 1751; lieutenant-colonel: served in Germany, 1760-3; major-general, 1772; M.P., 1773-84; fought at Bunker's Hill, 1776; second in command in America, 1776; K.B., 1777; commander-in-chief, 1778; took Charleston, 1780; quarrelled with his second in command, Lord Cornwallis; resigned, 1781; M.P., 1790: vrenenil, 17J3; governor of Gibraltar, 1794: died at Gibraltar.

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Sik Henry Clinton: '''Sik Henry Clinton''' , the younger ([[1771]]-[[1829]]), general; younger son of Sir Henry Clinton the elder ; ensign, 1787; served in Holland, 1788-9; captain, 1791; aide-de-camp to the Duke of York, 1793; lieutenant-colonel, 1795; prisoner in France, 1796-7; military attache with the Russian army in Italy, 1799; adjutant-general in India, 1802-5; military attache with the Russian army at Austerlitz, 1806; commandant at Syracuse, 1806-7; M.P., 1808-18; adjutant-general in Sir John Moore's campaign, 1808-9; major-general, 1810: commanded sixth division in Peninsula, 1811-14; K.B., 1813; lieutenant-general, 1814; at Waterloo, 1815.
Henry Fiennes Clinton: '''Henry Fiennes Clinton''' , ninth EARL OF LIN-
Coln: '''Coln''' and second DUKK OF NKWCASTLK-UNDKR-LYMK (1720-1794), succeeded his brother in earldom, 1730; cofferer of the household, 1764; succeeded his uncle in dukedom, 1768; gave himself up to sport.
Henry Fynes Clinton: '''Henry Fynes Clinton''' ([[1781]]-[[1852]]), chronologist; son of Charles Fynes, a Nottinghamshire clergyman, who assumed the name Clinton in 1821; educated at Westminster and Christ Church, Oxford; M.A., 1805; well read in Greek; M.P., Aldborough, 1806-26; inherited a fortune, 1811; bought Wei wyn, Hertfordshire, 1810; issued his standard works, Fasti Hellenici, 1824-30, and 1'asti Romaui 1845-50; epitomes of them published, 1851-3.
Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham Clinton: '''Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham Clinton''' , fourth DUKK OF NEWCASTLE (1785-1851), grandson of Henry Fiennes Clinton, second duke; succeeded to dukedom, 1795; at Eton, 1796-1803, prisoner in France, 1803-7; married a wealthy heiress, 1807; lord-lieutenant of Nottinghamshire, 1809-39; an object of mob violence, 1830-1; withdrew from politics, 1832; bought Worksop; published pamphlets.
Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham Clinton: '''Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham Clinton''' , fifth DUKE OF NEWCASTLE (1811-1864), eldest son of Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham Clinton, fourth duke ; styled Earl of Lincoln; at Eton, 1826; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1832; M.P., 1832-51; chief secretary for Ireland, February-July 1846; divorced his wife, 1860; succeeded to dukedom, 1851; secretary for war and the colonies, 1852-4; secretary for war, 1864-5; visited the Crimea, 1855; colonial secretary 1869-64; visited Canada, 1860.
Sir William Henry Clinton: '''Sir William Henry Clinton''' ([[1769]]-[[1846]]), general; elder son of Sir Henry Clinton the elder; cornet, 1784; captain, 1790; served in Flanders, 1793; lieutenantcolonel, 1794; aide-de- amp to the Duke of York, 1796; governor of Madeira, 1801-2; M.P., 1806-30; majorgeneral, 1808; served in Sicily and Spain, 1812-13; G.C.B., 1815: lieutenant-general of ordnance, 1825-9; commanded British forces in Portugal, 1826-8; general, 1830.
John Clipstone: '''John Clipstone''' (. [[1378]]), theological writer ; D.D. Cambridge; Carmelite friar of Nottingham.
Augustus Clissold: '''Augustus Clissold''' ([[1797]]7-[[1882]]), Swedenborgian; M.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1821; curate of Stoke Newington; joined the Swedenborgians, 1838; published Swedenborgian tracts, 1838-79; benefactor of the New Church
Stephen Clissold: '''Stephen Clissold''' ([[1790]]7-[[1863]]), writer of pamphlets on trade, 1815-38; M.A. Clare College, Cambridge, 1822; rector of Wrentham, Suffolk, 1830-53.
Sir Christopher Clitherow: '''Sir Christopher Clitherow''' (d. [[1641]]), merchant; member of the East India Company, 1601; subscribed for the discovery of a north-west passage, 1612; master of the IronmongersCompany, 1618 and 1624; alderman of London, 1625-41: sheriff, 1625: M.P. London, 1628; lord mayor, 1635; knighted, 1636; an Eastland merchant, 1638; benefactor of Christ's Hospital,
Margaret Clitherow: '''Margaret Clitherow''' (d. [[1586]]), the martyr of York; daughter of Thomas Middleton, wax-chandler, York; married, 1671, John Clitherow, butcher; embraced Roman Catholicism, 1574; imprisoned as a recusant; barbarously executed for harbouring priests.
Olive: '''Olive'''
Clough: '''Clough'''
Clt: '''Clt''' 7E, CAROLINE ([[1801]]-[[1873]]), authoress; nit. Meysey-Wigley: married, 1840, the Rev. Archer Clive (d. 1878); accidentally burnt to death; published, chiefly under the initial V. verses and novels, 1840-72, Including * Paul Ferroll 1855.
Catherine Cuve: '''Catherine Cuve''' , commonly known as KITTY
Clivb: '''Clivb''' ([[1711]]-[[1785]]), actress; of Irish extraction; nfe Raftor; employed by Oolley Gibber at Drury Lane, 17281741; made her mark in comedy, 1731; married George Olive, a barrister, before 1784; travestied the part of Portia,* 1741; visited Dublin, 1741; a favourite with Handel; sang in Handel's Samson 1742; employed by Garrick at Drury Lane, 1746-69; pensioned by Horace Walpole; wrote dramatic sketches, 1753-65.
Clive: '''Clive''' Sm EDWARD ([[1704]]-[[1771]]), judge ; barrister of Lincoln's Inn, 1725; M.P. St. Michael's, Cornwall, 1741; baron of the exchequer, 1745; justice of common pleas, 1753-70; knighted, 1753.
Edward Olive: '''Edward Olive''' , first EARL OF Powis ([[1754]]-[[1839]]), governor of Madras; eldest son of Robert Olive, baron Olive; succeeded to the Irish barony, 1774; M.P., Ludlow, 1774-94; created Baron Clive of Walcot, in the British peerage, 1794; governor of Madras, 1798-1803; created Earl of Powis, 1804.
Robert Olive: '''Robert Olive''' , BARON CLIVE ([[1725]]-[[1774]]), governor of Bengal; eldest son of an impoverished Shropshire squire; exhibited a turbulent and masterful temper at school; offered writerehip in the East India Company's service, 1743; reached Madras penniless and hi debt owing to an exceptionally protracted voyage, 1744; friendless and miserable; tried to shoot himself; taken prisoner by Labourdonnais at Madras, September 1746; escaped to Fort St. David; ensign, 1747; showed great bravery at the unsuccessful siege of Pondicherry, 1748; lieutenant under Major Stringer Lawrence at Devikota; commissariat officer; twice sent in charge of reinforcements to Trichinopoly; captain; allowed to try his plan of attacking Arcot, capital of the Oarnatic; marched from Madras, and occupied Arcot, 1751; besieged by ten thousand troops 23 Sept.-14 Nov.; beat off all attacks, having only eighty Europeans and 150 Sepoys efficient; reinforced, 15 Nov.; defeated the enemy at Ami; twice took Con jeveram: defeated the French and natives at Caveripak; helped Major Lawrence to take Trichinopoly; reduced Covelong and Ohingleput; invalided to England, 1753; paid his father's debts; tried to enter parliament; appointed lieutenant-colonel; reached Bombay, 1755; helped to reduce Gheriah, the stronghold of the pirate Angria, 1756; took charge of Fort St. David, 20 June 1756 (the day before theBlack Holeof Calcutta); recovered Calcutta and Hugli; came to terms with Suraj ud Dowlah, the guilty nawab of Bengal; captured Chandernagore; discovered the nawab's intended treachery; negotiated privately with his general Mir Jaffler, through the Hindu Omichand; cheated Omichand by having two treaties drawn up, one of them fictitious; marched against the nawab, and won the great victory of Plassey, 1767; installed Mir Jaffier as nawab; accepted from him a large present and the quit-rent of the company's territory; governor of the company's Bengal possessions, 1757-60; repulsed the Dutch attempt to found a rival colony at Chinsura, 1759; sailed for England, 1760; M.P., Shrewsbury, 17601774; created Baron Clive in the Irisb peerage, 1762; sent out to put down abuses in Bengal; assumed the governorship of Bengal, 1765; reformed the civil administration; restored military discipline and pensioned the nawab of Bengal; obtained for the company the lordship of the province; created, out of a legacy from Mir Jaffier, a pension fund for disabled officers; returned to England in shattered health, 1766; rancorously attacked by politicians and others; went through a parliamentary inquiry, 1772-3; became a victim to opium; committed suicide.
Robert Clobery: '''Robert Clobery''' ([[1719]]-[[1800]]). See GLYN,
Robert: '''Robert'''
Clo: '''Clo''' fiTE", SIR ABRAHAM JOSIAS ([[1794]]-[[1886]]), general; born at the Cape; cornet, 1809; captain, 1812; lieutenant-colonel, 1837; general, 1871; stationed in England, 1809-13; aide-de-camp to the governor, Cape Colony, 1813-17; in India, 1817-19; superintended thesettlers of 1820 at Oape Colony; town major of Cape Town, 1822 1840: K.H., 1836; on service in South Africa, 1840-54; knighted, 1864; stationed in West Indies, 1855-61; retired, 1877.
Clogie: '''Clogie''' or CLOGY, ALEXANDER ([[1614]]-[[1698]]), biographer; born in Scotland; educated in Dublin; chaplain to William Bedell, bishop of Kilmore, 1629; beneficad, 1637; persecuted by the Irish rebels, 1641; army chaplain in England, 1643; rector of Wigmore, Herefordshire, 1647-98; wrote memoir of Bishop Bedell, 1675.
Clonctjrby: '''Clonctjrby''' second BARON ([[1773]]-[[1853]]). See

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Valentine Browne Lawless: '''Valentine Browne Lawless''' .
Earl Clonmell: '''Earl Clonmell''' o ([[1739]]-[[1798]]). See SCOTT,
John: '''John'''
Viscount Clontarff: '''Viscount Clontarff''' (d. [[1560]]). See RAWSON,
John: '''John'''
Sir Hugh Clopton: '''Sir Hugh Clopton''' (d. [[1497]]), lord mayor of London; mercer in London; sheriff of London, 1486; lord mayor, 1492; knighted; built at Stratford-on-Avon, 'New Place(afterwards bought by Shakespeare), 1483, Trinity Chapel, and the stone bridge over the river.
Walter De Clopton: '''Walter De Clopton''' (d. [[1412]] ?), judge ; king's serjeant, 1378; chief-justice of king's bench, 1389-1400; K.B., 1389; became a Franciscan friar at Norwich.
Sir Barry Close: '''Sir Barry Close''' (d. [[1813]]), major-general ; cadet at Madras, 1771; distinguished himself at the sieges of Seringapatam, 1792 and 1799: resident of Mysore, 1799; resident of Poona, 1801; returned to England, 1811; created baronet.
Francis Close: '''Francis Close''' ([[1797]]-[[1882]]), evangelical divine; B.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1820; M.A., 1825; rector of Cheltenham, 1826; D.D Lambeth, 1856; dean of Carlisle, 1856-81; published sermons and pamphlets, 1825-77.
John Close: '''John Close''' ([[1816]]-[[1891]]), 'Poet Close' ; son of a butcher at Gunnerside, Swaledale; published tracts of verse; established himself as printer at Kirkby Stephen; attracted patrons by his rhyming, and obtained, 1860, civil service pension, which was withdrawn, 1861, after much public discussion; continued to issue pamphlets of metrical balderdash until his death.
Nicholas Close: '''Nicholas Close''' (d. [[1452]]), bishop; fellow of King's College, Cambridge, 1443; a commissioner to Scotland, 1449; archdeacon of Colchester; D.D.; bishop of Carlisle, 1450; translated to Lichfield, 1462.
Thomas Close: '''Thomas Close''' ([[1796]]-[[1881]]), antiquary and genealogist.
George Closse: '''George Closse''' (fl. [[1585]]), divine; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1579; ejected from the vicarage of Ouckfleld, Sussex, 1581; libelled the lord mayor of London in a sermon at Paul's Cross, 1585.
John Closterman: '''John Closterman''' ([[1656]]-[[1713]]), portrait-painter ; born at Osnaburg, Hanover; visited Paris, 1679; came to England, 1681; visited Madrid, 1696, and Italy; painted the Blenheim group of the Duke of Marlborough and his family, c. 1698.
Sir John Clotworthy: '''Sir John Clotworthy''' , first VISCOUNT MASSE-
Reene: '''Reene''' (d. [[1665]]), an Antrim landowner; opponent of Strafford's Irish administration; M.P., Maldon, 1640; a manager of the proceedings against Strafford; joined in the prosecution of Laud; annoyed Laud ou the scaffold, 1645; envoy to Ormonde, 1646; accused by the army leaders of embezzlement, 1647; expelled from the Commons, January 1648; replaced, June 1648; imprisoned, 1648-51; employed in Irish affairs, 1653-4; agent in England for the Irish adventurers and landholding soldiers, 1660; created Viscount Massereene, 1660.
Anne Jemima Clough: '''Anne Jemima Clough''' ([[1820]]-[[1892]]), first principal of Newnham College, Cambridge; sister of Arthur Hugh Clough; resided at Liverpool, where, 1841, she started a school, which she removed to Ambleside, 1852; became acquainted with Miss Emily Davies, Madame Barbara Leigh Smith Bodichon, and Miss Buss and others interested in cause of education of women; secretary, 1837-70, and president, 1873-4, of North of England council for promoting higher education of women; bead,
Oloug: '''Oloug''' -H 253
Oobbold: '''Oobbold''' 1871, of house of residence for woman students at Cambridge, which ultimately developed into Newuham College.
Author Hugh Clough: '''Author Hugh Clough''' ([[1819]]-[[1881]]), poet; son of a Liverpool cotton merchant; educated at Rugby, 1829-36; scholar of Balliol College, Oxford, 1837; B.A., 1841; fellow of Oriel College, 1841-8, and tutor, 1843-8; visited Paris, Rome, and Venice, 1848-50; principal of University Hall, Ixmdon, 1849-52; visited Boston, America, 1852-3; cxiimiticr in the education office, London, 1853; risited, In ill-health, Greece, the Pyrenees, Italy, 1861; died at Florence; published his first poem, 1848; revised a translation of Plutarch's Lives 1869-60; bis poems and letters published, 1869.
Richard Olouqh: '''Richard Olouqh''' (rf. [[1570]]), merchant ; chorister at Chester; merchant in London; went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem; knight of the Holy Sepulchre; factor at Antwerp for Sir Thomas Gresham, 1552-69; suggested an exchange, London, 1561; granted a lease of crown lands, 15G5; visited Spain, 1567; built Plas Clough, Denbighshire; died at Hamburg; his wealth proverbial in Wales.
Thomas Clotttt: '''Thomas Clotttt''' ([[1781]] ?-[[1846]]).
Joseph Clover: '''Joseph Clover''' ([[1725]]-[[1811]]), farrier; blacksmith in Norwich; studied farriery, 1750; practised as veterinary surgeon, 1765-81.
Butler Clowes: '''Butler Clowes''' (d. [[1782]]X mezzotint-engraver and printseller; exhibited, 1768-73, portraits and sketches in mezzotint.
John Clowes: '''John Clowes''' ([[1743]]-[[1831]]), Swedenborgian ; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1769; fellow; vicar of St. John's, Manchester, 1769; began to read Swedenborg, 1773; founded a Swedenborgian printing society, 1780; issued translations of works by Swedenborg, 1781-1816, and theological pamphlets and sermons, 1799-1826; wrote an autobiography.

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William Clowes: '''William Clowes''' , the elder ([[1540]]?-[[1604]]X surgeon; surgeon's apprentice in London; army surgeon in Prance, 1563; naval surgeon, 1563-9; practised surgery in London, 1569; surgeon of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1581-5, and of Christ's Hospital; army surgeon in the Low Countries, 1586-7; naval surgeon, 1588; again practised in London; published surgical treatises of some merit, 1579-1602.
William Clowes: '''William Clowes''' , the younger ([[1582]]-[[1648]]), surgeon; son of William Clowes the elder (1540 ?-1604) ; practised in London, 1605 till death; surgeon to Charles I; prosecuted Leverett for assuming the royal prerogative of touching for the king's evil, 1637.
William Clowes: '''William Clowes''' , the elder ([[1779]]-[[1847]]), printer ; apprenticed at Chichester; came to London, 1802; commenced business by himself, 1803; the first to use steam machinery for book-printing, 1823.
William Clowes: '''William Clowes''' ([[1780]]-[[1851]]), primitive methodist; a Staffordshire potter; champion dancer; joined Wesleyan methodiste, 1805; local preacher, 1808-10; cofounder of the primitive methodists, 1810; preached in north of England.
William Clowes: '''William Clowes''' , the younger ([[1807]]-[[1883]]), printer; eldest son of William Clowes the elder (17791847); entered his father's business, 1823.
John Clubbe: '''John Clubbe''' ([[1703]] 9-[[1773]]), satirical writer ; B.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1725; vicar of Debenham, Suffolk, 1730; rector of Whatfleld, Suffolk, 1735-73; published a sermon, 1751, and burlesques, 1758-70.
William Clttbbe: '''William Clttbbe''' ([[1746]]-[[1814]]), poetical writer; son of John Clubbe; LL.B. Oaius College, Cambridge, 1769; rector of Flowton, 1769, and vicar of Brandeston, Suffolk, 1770; published verses, 1793-1806.
William Benton Clulow: '''William Benton Clulow''' ([[1802]]-[[1882]] dissenting minister; pastor at Shaldon, Devonshire, 1823; tutor at Airedale College, Bradford, 1836-43; published essays, 1843-65.
John Olttnie: '''John Olttnie''' ([[1757]] ?-[[1819]]), composer of Scottish Bongs; schoolmaster and precentor of Markinch, Fifeshire, 1785; minister of Borthwick, Midlothian, 1791.
Henry Clutterbuck: '''Henry Clutterbuck''' ([[1767]]-[[1856]]), medical writer; surgeon's apprentice atTruro; came to London, 1788; qualified as a surgeon, 1790; studied medicine at Edinburgh, 1802, and Glasgow; M.D. Glasgow, 1804; a leading physician in London; lectured on materia medica; published medical treatises, 1794-1846.
Robert Oltttterbuck: '''Robert Oltttterbuck''' ([[1772]]-[[1831]]), topographer ; B.A. Exeter College, Oxford, 1794; published a finely illustrated history of Hertfordshire, 1815-27.
Baron Clyde: '''Baron Clyde''' ([[1792]]-[[1863]]). See CAMPBELL, SIR
Colin: '''Colin'''
William Clyffe: '''William Clyffe''' (d. [[1558]]), divine ; LL.B. Cam. bridge, 1514; LL.D., 1523; admitted to DoctorsCommons, 1622; commissary of London diocese, 1522-9; prebendary of St. Paul's, 1626; archdeacon of London, 1629-33; prebendary of York, 1532, precentor, 1534, treasurer, 15381547; archdeacon of Cleveland, 1533; dean of Chester, 1547-58.
Cnut: '''Cnut''' ([[994]] 7-[[1035]]).
Charles Ooates: '''Charles Ooates''' ([[1746]] ?-[[1813]]), antiquary ; educated at Reading and Cambridge; M.B., 1767 vicar of Preston, Dorset, 1780; vicar of Osmington, Dorset 17881813; F.S.A., 1793; published a history of Reading, 1802, and a supplement, 1809.
Robert Ooates: '''Robert Ooates''' ([[1772]]-[[1848]]), amateur actor; known as ROMEO OOATES; son of a wealthy Antigua planter; at school in England; acted in private theatricals in Antigua, 1805; acted in Bath, London, and elsewhere, 1810-16; hissed off the stage; withdrew for a time to Boulogne.
Thomas Coats: '''Thomas Coats''' ([[1809]]-[[1883]]), thread manufacturer; benefactor of Paisley; collector of Scottish coins.
James Cobb: '''James Cobb''' ([[1756]]-[[1818]]), dramatist ; clerk in the East India Company's office; wrote twenty-four dramatic pieces, 1779-1809.
Samuel Cobb: '''Samuel Cobb''' ([[1676]]-[[1713]]), translator and versifier; educated at Christ's Hospital, London, 1683-94; M.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1702; master at Christ's Hospital, 1702-13; published political odes, 1694-1709, and translations from Latin and Greek, published 1709-14.
Charles Cobbe: '''Charles Cobbe''' ([[1687]]-[[1765]]), archbishop of Dublin; educated at Winchester and Trinity College, Oxford; M.A., 1712; chaplain to the lord-lieutenant of Ireland, 1717; dean of Ardagh, 1718; bishop of Killala, 1720, and Dromore, 1727; translated to Kildare, 1731; dean of Christ Church, Dublin; D.D. Dublin, 1735; translated to Dublin, 1743.
William Cobbett: '''William Cobbett''' ([[1762]]-[[1835]]), essayist, politician, and agriculturist; son of a labourer at Farnham, Surrey; self-taught; enlisted as soldier, 1783; served in Nova Scotia, 1784-91; withdrew to France and to Philadelphia, 1792, to avoid prosecution through his agitating for increase of soldierspay; bookseller and pubUsher, on the loyalist side, 1796; prosecuted for libel, 1797; withdrew to New York, 1797, and to London, 1800: an active tory journalist, 1801; but afterwards adopted popular opinions, and from 1804 wrote in the radical interest, with characteristic directness and vigour; farmed in Hampshire, 1804-17; withdrew to America, 1817-19; wrote strongly in favour of Queen Caroline, 1820; farmed land in Surrey, 1821; tried to enter parliament, 1821; M.P. Oldham, 1832; wrote, with exceptional perspicuity and force, on grammar, economics, and other subjects. Cobbett's Weekly Political Register begun in January 1802, was continued till his death.
Ingram Cobbln: '''Ingram Cobbln''' ([[1777]]-[[1851]]), congregational minister, 1802-28; published scripture commentaries.
Elizabeth Cobbold: '''Elizabeth Cobbold''' ([[1767]]-[[1824]]), poetess; n6e Knipe; published poems, 1787; married William Clarke of Ipswich, 1790; published, as Eliza Clarke, The Sword a novel, 1791; married John Cobbold of Ipswich, 1792; her collected poems published, 1825.
John Spencer Cobbold: '''John Spencer Cobbold''' ([[1768]]-[[1837]]), divine; fellow of Oaius College, Cambridge; M.A., 1793; master of Nuneaton school, 1794; rector of Woolpit, Suffolk, 1831; published sermons and essays.

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Cobbold: '''Cobbold''' 254
Cochrane: '''Cochrane'''
Richard Cobbold: '''Richard Cobbold''' ([[1797]]-1 [[877]]% novelist ; son of Bllxabeth Cobbold, q. *0: M.A. Gains College, Cainbridge, 1883: rector of Wortham, Suffolk: published an account of Margaret Catchpole, ls5, novels and
Thomas Spencer Cobbold: '''Thomas Spencer Cobbold''' ([[1828]]-[[1886]]), helminthologist: third son of Richard Cobbold; surgeon's apprentice in Norwich: studied medicine at Edinburgh, IM7: M.D., 1851; curator of Edinburgh anatomical nm-euni, 1S51-6; lectured on botany and zoology in Loudon, 1S57-84: studied parasitic worms; wrote treatises on parasite* from 1864.
Edward Cobden: '''Edward Cobden''' ([[1684]]-[[1764]]), author of poems and sermons, 1718-68; B.A. Trinity College, Oxford, 1706; M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1713; D.D. Oxford, 1783; archdeacon of London, 1742; chaplain to George II, 17301752.
Richard Cobden: '''Richard Cobden''' ([[1804]]-[[1865]]), statesman ; sou of a Sussex farmer; clerk (1819) and traveller for a London calico merchant; partner, 1828, In a London calico warehouse, and, 1831, in a Lancashire calico factory; settled in Manchester, 1832; wrote on economics in the Manchester Examiner; published his first free-trade pamphlets, 1835-6: travelled in America, the East, and Germany, 1835-8: tried to enter parliament, 1837: a foremost leader of the Anti-Corulaw League, 1838-46; M.P., Stockport, 1841-7; voted for the Maynooth grant, 1845: greatly contributed, by bis strenuous advocacy, to the repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846; travelled on the continent, 1846-7; M.P., West Riding of Yorkshire, 1847-57; advocated international arbitration and disarmament; defeated the government on the Chinese war question, 1857; failed to secure re-election: visited America, 1859: M.P., Rochdale, 1859; negotiated the commercial treaty with France. 18691860; opposed intervention in favour of Denmark, 1864; last spoke in the House of Commons, 22 July 1864; refused office, 1859, and a baronetcy, 1860. A subscription on his behalf in 1845 yielded nearly 80,0007.; a second subscription, in 1860, yielded 40,OOW.
Cobham: '''Cobham''' ViscotrxT ([[1669]]?-[[1749]]). See TEMPLE, RlCHAKI.
Barons Cobham: '''Barons Cobham''' . See BROOKE, HENRY, d. [[1619]] ;
Sir John Oldcastle: '''Sir John Oldcastle''' , rf. [[1417]].
Eleanor Cobham: '''Eleanor Cobham''' , DUCHESS OP GLOUCESTER (d. 1446 ?X originally mistress, and, before 1431, wife of Humphrey, duke of Gloucester; accused by one Roger Bolingbroke, who had induced her to believe that her husband would become king, of being her accuser's accomplice in treason and magic, 1441; imprisoned, 1441; sentenced to penance and imprisonment; imprisoned at Chester and Keuilworth.
Sir Henry Cobham: '''Sir Henry Cobham''' ([[1538]]-[[1605]]?), diplomatist ; accompanied an English embassy to Madrid, 1661; envoy to the emperor Maximilian II at Vienna, 1567: envoy to Antwerp, to the emperor at Speyer, and to Spain, 1570; knighted, 1576; envoy to Madrid, 1675; ambassador at Paris, 1579-83: M.P., Kent, 1586-9.
John De Cobham: '''John De Cobham''' , third BARON COBHAM (rf. [[1408]]), succeeded his father, John de Cobham, 1355; served in France, 1367; several times envoy in Flanders and France, from 1374: often a trier of petitions, 1379-1401; impeached (1397) for serving (1388) as commissioner at the trial of Richard II's favourites; banished to Jersey recalled, 1399.
Thomas Dk Cobham: '''Thomas Dk Cobham''' (rf. [[1327]]), bishop of Worcester: graduate of Paris, Oxford, and Cambridge: prebendary of Hereford, Wells, London, and York; envoy to the pope, 1306, and to France, 1312; elected archbishop of Canterbury, May 1313, but set aside by the pope, October; visited papal court at Avignon, 1313; made, by the pope, bishop of Worcester, 1317; built a library for Oxford University, e. 1320; his books placed in it, 1337.
Thomas Cobham: '''Thomas Cobham''' ([[1786]]-[[1842]]), actor : a* London prew reader; played Richard III in London, 1816, and was by some reckoned equal to Edmund Keaii; acted in Dublin, 1817.
Coburo: '''Coburo''' Dtnut OF ([[1844]]-[[1900]]). See ALFRED
Albert Brnkst: '''Albert Brnkst''' .
William Cochran: '''William Cochran''' ([[1738]]-[[1785]]), pa'nti-r : art student in Glasgow, 1754, and Italy, 17GI; uuioh em; in Glasgow as portrait-painter and miniaturist.
Cochran: '''Cochran''' -PATRICK, ROBERT WILLIAM OS421897), statesman and numismatist; B.A. LMin: .1861: LL.B. Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 1864: land: F.S.A. London, 1871; conservative M.1 for North I Ayrshire, 1880-6: assessor to St. Andrews University, 1888; honorary LLJD. Glasgow, 1887; permanent innler-tvretary for Scotland, 18*7 -.:?: rice-chnirnmnof Scottish fishery board, 1896; published work.- n -..i: to coins and medals and other writings.
Sir Alexander Forrester Cochrane: '''Sir Alexander Forrester Cochrane'''
Inglis: '''Inglis''' ([[1758]]-[[1832]]), admiral ; younger son of the eighth Earl of Dundouald; lieutenant in navy, 1778; served in West Indies, 1780-2: captain, 1782; commanded a ship with credit. 1790-1802: MJ., Stirling boroughs, 1802; rear-admiral, 1804; blockaded Ferrol, 1804; held command in West Indies and on the American station, 1806-15; K.B., 1806; admiral, 1819; commander-iu-chief at Portsmouth, 1821.
Archibald Cochrane: '''Archibald Cochrane''' , ninth EARL OK DUN-
Donald: '''Donald''' styled LORD COCHRANK ([[1749]]-[[1831]] X served for a time in the navy and in the army; succeeded to the earldom, 1778; brought to poverty by unprofitable attempts to find industrial applications of chemical discoveries; published pamphlets on agricultural chemistry: died at Paris.
Sir James Cochrane: '''Sir James Cochrane''' ([[1798]]-[[1883]]X judge : born in Nova Scotia; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1829; attorney-general of Gibraltar, 1837, and chief-justice at Gibraltar, 1841-77; knighted, 1845; died at Gibraltar.
Sir John Cochrane: '''Sir John Cochrane''' (rf. [[1650]] ?X royalist ; commanded regiment at Edinburgh, 1640; joined Charles I at York, 1642; governor of Towcester, 1643; his estates forfeited, 1644; sent to the continent to raise money for Charles I.
Sir John Cochrane: '''Sir John Cochrane''' (d. [[1695]] ?), of Ochiltree, Ayrshire; second sou of William Cochrane, first earl of Duudonald; involved in the Rye House plot, 1683; escaped to Holland; attainted, 1685; took part in , Argyll's invasion, 1685; taken prisoner; saved himself by turning king's evidence; employed to persuade the presI byterians to accept James II's Declaration of Indulgence, ; 1687: recovered his estates, 1689; imprisoned on a charge of embezzling public money, 1695.

[edit] Section 289

John Dundas Cochrane: '''John Dundas Cochrane''' ([[1780]]-[[1825]]), traveller : naval officer; travellai through France, Spain, and Portugal, 1815; travelled in Russia and Siberia, 1820-1; published an account of his journey, 1824; died in Vene zuela.
John George Cochrane: '''John George Cochrane''' ([[1781]]-[[1852]]), bibliographer: bookseller's apprentice in Glasgow: as a London publisher agitated against the Copyright Act. 1813; edited the Foreign Quarterly Review London, 1827-35: edited the Caledonian Mercury Edinburgh; catalogued Sir Walter Scott's Abbotsford library, 1838; newspaper editor I at Hertford; librarian of the London Library, 1841 till j death.
Robert Cochrane: '''Robert Cochrane''' , EARL OF MAR (rf. [[1482]]X favourite of James III of Scotland; in favour before 1476; built the great hall in Stirling Castle; procured the murder of Mar, and the exile of Albany, the king's brothers, 1479; offended the nobles by taking the earldom of Mar: depreciated the silver coinage: hanged by the nobles at Lander.
Thomas Cochrane: '''Thomas Cochrane''' , tenth EARL OF DCN DONALD (1775-1860), admiral: son of Archibald Cochrane, ninth earl; styled Lord Cochrane; held commission in the army; first joined his ship, the Hind, 1793; lieutenant, 1796; served on the North American station, 1796-8, and on the French and Spanish coasts, 1798-1800; as commander of the Speedy, captured many vessels, 1800-1; captain, 1801: captured by a French squadron, 1801; exchanged: studied at Edinburgh University, 1802-3; banished to the Orkneys guardship, 1803-4; cruised successfully off the AioreB, 1805: cruised successfully in the Bay of Biscay, 1806; M.P., Honitou, 1806, Westminster, 1807; exposed the abuses of the admiralty; ordered to the Mediterranean; tried to check the venality of the
Cochraxe: '''Cochraxe'''
Cockburn: '''Cockburn''' fleet in Aix roadf fmatratiBl by the -... -.: -, -. -....:-. ------ -
Kss: '''Kss''' BSi* VDu rOfOCT 4K IOC JDaVamw * OOOC Fb-cHaClflft DJT JaUnt MM! ,. nltar, 1791-3; Kat to BBBBJ annj - * I P*tteaaVbB,iai: jonMdaai*lp,17:eaBV Booted dip ia urtn naiaa 17IS-IlteWat TK
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William: '''William''' of or DCXDOCALD (rf. !, roralitt; ilinfn laaini F. Ijnaiii Ulliualiil Oochraneof PtiBdoniM. 147; fined by Cramvell, . HKXBY THOMAS, Lou xL 184: :- ---; -"- - - - - in ud at Banker aJUMM: friend of See
Oogkat: '''Oogkat''' 1IZ, THOMAS OSWALD (1W7-[[1873]]X ia hair orders L TxtA n iaa - MK. LI a Hit Mm9 pUX- pi T * II * i
James Pattisok Eji: '''James Pattisok Eji''' (1T7?-1M7), aft HBMftiiam. *W-1700; 14; near of Sonhoit, and Ur, PATRICK (17S 17S-174X dmae: BOB of EdiBb.rgk. imtia Bd laW-tUB: a hB*af Aberdeen, 179t-t from before 1737 t f. WILLIAM or PffiBS (A UX SeottmB ed. k MBreporta, 1B0; obtained ISaTatrwlam thecomEataoBB, 18J4: MJ, Sooth; made h mark bjaefai pofiey, 1HO; lattghtod -*.. awitrmthePa l olSn? r " SScbief* *"" ! f~: ofoommaa pleat, IBM; aaecxedaTto baronetcy, IBM; the fleet, 1CM; probahrj Mo?Itden; amovmcd ted chief-jastiee afBngiaad, IBft; preaded orer the cpecnr djBeaterj; a neeeaffnl praetitMner in Lon d pafitteal, don before 1710: phjakmn to Gicenvieh Hornital. 1731: .,....
Cockbubjst: '''Cockbubjst''' 256
Coffey: '''Coffey'''
Sir William Cockbttrn: '''Sir William Cockbttrn''' ([[1768]]-[[1835]]), lieutenantgeneral; son of Jamea Cockburn (jt. 1783); ensign, 1778; served in American war, 1779-83; captain, 1783; served in India, 1790-1802; lieutenant-colonel, 1798; major-general, 1811; lieutenant-general, 1821; succeeded as fifth baronet of Cockburn, Berwickshire.
Edward Cocker: '''Edward Cocker''' ([[1631]]-[[1675]]), arithmetician ; taught writing and arithmetic in London from before 1657 to 1665; a book-collector; published twenty-three manuals of penmanship, 1657-75; published his arithmetic, 1664, which afterwards went through more than a hundred editions; published verses, 1670, 1676.
Henry Cockeram: '''Henry Cockeram''' (Jl. [[1650]]), author of the earliest published dictionary of English (first published, 1623; eleventh edition issued, 1655).
Charles Robert Cockerell: '''Charles Robert Cockerell''' ([[1788]]-[[1863]]), architect; son of Samuel Pepys Cockerell; trained by his father; studied architectural remains in Greece, Asia Minor, Sicily, and Italy, 1810-17; discovered, in company with two Germans, the frieze of the temple of Apollo at Phigaleia, 1812; architect in London, 1817; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1818-58; designed buildings in London; R.A., 1836; professor of architecture to the Royal Academy, 1840-67; designed the Taylorian Building, Oxford, 1842; honorary D.C.L. Oxford, 1845; completed the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, 1845, and St. George's Hall, Liverpool, 1847; wrote on sculpture aud architecture, 1816-62.
Frederick Pepys Cockerell: '''Frederick Pepys Cockerell''' ([[1833]]-[[1878]]), architect; second son of Charles Robert Cockerell; made a sketching tour in North France, 1860; studied architecture in Paris and Italy, 1853-5; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1854-77; architect of numerous mansions and some churches; died at Paris.
Samuel Pepys Cockerell: '''Samuel Pepys Cockerell''' ([[1754]]-[[1827]]), architect; pupil of Sir Robert Taylor; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1786-1803; designed churches and mansions.
John Cockerill: '''John Cockerill''' ([[1790]]-[[1840]]), manufacturer ; son of William Cockerill; born in Lancashire; went to Verviers, Belgium, 1802; joint-manager of the factory at Liege, 1807; set up a woollen factory at Berlin, 1815; established the great foundry and machine factory at Seraing, Belgium, 1817; died at Warsaw.
William Cockerill: '''William Cockerill''' ([[1769]]-[[1832]]), inventor; a Lancashire mechanic; employed in St. Petersburg, 1794; in Sweden, 1796; manufactured spinning and weaving machinery at Verviers, Belgium, 1799, and at Liege, 18071812; died near Aix-la-Ohapelle.
William Cockin: '''William Cockin''' ([[1736]]-[[1801]]), author ; writingmaster in London, at Lancaster, 1764-84, and at Nottingham, 1784-92; published an arithmetic, essays, and poems.
George Cookings: '''George Cookings''' (d. [[1802]]), author of poems and dramas; an official at Boston, America; registrar of a London society, c. 1772 till death,
John Cockis: '''John Cockis''' (Jl. [[1572]]).
Sir James Cockle: '''Sir James Cockle''' ([[1819]]-[[1895]]), chief-justice of Queensland and mathematician; educated at Charterhouse and Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1845; called to the bar at Middle Temple, 1846; practised on Midland circuit; first chief-justice of Queensland, 18631879; knighted, 1869; F.R.A.S., 1864; F.R.S., 1865; fellow of London Mathematical Society, 1870, and president, 1886-8. He made noteworthy contributions to the theory of differential equations, and published mathematical writings.

[edit] Section 290

Arthur Herbert Cocks: '''Arthur Herbert Cocks''' ([[1819]]-[[1881]]), Bengal civilian; educated at Haileybury; went to Bengal, 1837; sent to Scinde, 1843; political officer with Lord Goug h's army, 1848-9; a district magistrate; returned to England, 1863.
Roger Cocks: '''Roger Cocks''' (1. [[1636]]), divine ; possibly of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1612; published, 1630, devotional verses, entitled Hebdomada Sacra; answered, 1642, Sir Edward Peyton's book against knueliug at communion.
Cockson: '''Cockson''' or COXON, THOMAS (fl. [[1609]]-[[1636]]), engraver of numerous portrait* of contemporary notabilities and authors.
Henry Cockton: '''Henry Cockton''' ([[1807]]-[[1853]]), author of 'Valentine Vox 1840, and other novels.
Henry Coddington: '''Henry Coddington''' (d. [[1845]]), mathematician; senior wrangler, 1820; fellow and tutor of Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1823; vicar of Ware, Hertfordshire; died at Rome; wrote chiefly on optics.
William Coddington: '''William Coddington''' ([[1601]]-[[1678]]), American colonist; merchant at Boston, New England, 1630; removed to Rhode island, 1638; visited England, 1661; named governor of Rhode island, where he became chief magistrate.
Christopher Codrington: '''Christopher Codrington''' ([[1668]]-[[1710]]), soldier; son of the governor of the Leeward islands; born in Barbados; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1685; fellow of All Souls 1690; M.A., 1695; showed great courage in Flanders, 1694; captain, 1695; governor of the Leeward islands. 1697-1703: died at Barbados: benefactor of All SoulsCollege, Oxford; left his Barbados estates to found Codrington College, Barbados.
Sir Edward Codrington: '''Sir Edward Codrington''' ([[1770]]-[[1851]]), admiral ; entered navy, 1783; lieutenant, 1793; commander, 1794; commanded ship at Trafalgar, 1805; served in the Scheldt, 1809, and in the Mediterranean, 1810-13; rear-admiral, 1814; K.O.B., 1816; commander-in-chief in Mediterranean, 1827; in treaty with Ibrahim Pasha, the Turkish admiral, for a suspension of hostilities, 1827, soon after which hostilities were resumed by the Greek insurgents; joined with the French and Russian squadrons in destroying the weak Turkish fleet at Navarino, 20 Oct. 1827: recalled, 1828; visited St. Petersburg, 1830; admiral, 1837; retired from active service, 1842; his memoirs published, 1873.
Sir Henry John Codrington: '''Sir Henry John Codrington''' ([[1808]]-[[1877]] admiral; third sou of Sir Edward Codrington entered navy, 1823; wounded at Navarino, 1827; lieutenant, 1829; commander, 1831; helped to bombard Acre, 1840; served off the Italian coast, 1847-60, and in the Baltic, 1854-5; rear-admiral, 1857; K.O.B.,1867; admiral of the fleet, 1877.
Robert Codrington: '''Robert Codrington''' (d. [[1665]]), author ; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1619-27; M.A., 1626; travelled; published verses and translations, chiefly theological and historical, from French and Latin.
Thomas Codrington: '''Thomas Codrington''' (f.l[[691]] ?), Roman catholic divine; educated at Douay; secretary to Cardinal Howard at Rome; returned to England, 1684; chaplain to James II; tried to found in England community of secular priests; followed James II to St. Germains; published sermons.
Sir William John Codrington: '''Sir William John Codrington''' ([[1804]]-[[1884]]), general; second son of Sir Edward Codrington; ensign, 1821; colonel, 1846; major-general, 1854; showed courage and promptitude at Alma and Inkerman; K.O.B., 1855; comnmnder-in-chief at Sebastopol, 1856-6; M.P., Greenwich, 1857; governor of Gibraltar, 1859-65; general, 1863.
Saint Coemgen: '''Saint Coemgen''' ([[498]]-[[618]]), of Glendalough, co. Wicklow; popularly ST. KEVIN; hermit at Glendalough and in Kildare and Westmeath; built two monasteries at Glendalough, but withdrew to hermitages there: went to Westmeath to meet St. Oolumba; urged the king of Lei nster to fight for his country against JEdh MacAiumire, king of Ireland.
Coenred: '''Coenred''' or CENRED (reigned [[704]]-[[709]]), king of Mercia; a minor at the death of his father, Wulfhere, 675; king of the Southumbriaus, 702; king of Mercia, when his uncle,.Sthelred, resigned, 704; abdicated, 709; became a monk at Rome.
Charles Edward Dk Coetlogon: '''Charles Edward Dk Coetlogon''' ([[1746]]?1820), divine; educated at Christ's Hospital, 1756-66; M.A. Pembroke Hall, Cambridge, 17,3; vicar of Godstone, Surrey, 1794-1820; published sermons and theological tracts.
Charles Coffey: '''Charles Coffey''' (d. [[1745]]), dramatist ; an Irishman; deformed; performed at Dublin; afterwards in London; brought out farces and farcical operas, 1 729-45.
Coffin: '''Coffin''' 257
Coke: '''Coke'''
Coffin: '''Coffin''' nliat HATTON, EDWARD ([[1571]]-[[1626]]), Jesuit ; educated at Khoirasand Home; mission priest in England, 1594; joined the Jesuits, 1598; arrested near Antwerp, 1698: imprisoned in the Tower, 1698-1603; confessor to the English college at Rome: died at St. Omer; published controversial treatises, 1619-23.
Coffin: '''Coffin''' Sin KDWAIM) PINK ([[1784]]-[[1802]]), commissary-general: commissariat clerk, 1805; commisary-gi-nerul, 1840; employed at the Cape, 1805-8; iu the IVninsiila, 1808-14; in Belgium and France, 1815-16: in Canada, 1819-22 and 1833-5; in China, 1843-5: knighted for services during the Irish famine, 1846.
Sir Isaac Coffin: '''Sir Isaac Coffin''' ([[1759]]-[[1839]]), admiral ; born at Boston, America; entered navy, 1773; commander, 1781; rcjivted Sir George Rodney's nominees to his ship as unequal to their duty, 1782: convicted of signing false muster-roll, 1788 (conviction quashed, 1789); disabled by iuvident, while rescuing a drowning seaman, 1790: comini-ioner of the navy in Corsica, 1795-6, in Minorca, at Halifax, 1798, and at Sheerness; rear-admiral and created baronet, 1804; withdrew from service, 1808; adopted name Greenly, 1811-13: admiral, 1814; M.P., 1818-26.
Coffin: '''Coffin''' Sm ISAAC CAMPBELL ([[1800]]-[[1872]]), lieutenant-general; cadet in the East India Company's service, 1818; lieutenant in the Madras army, 1821; served in Burmah, 1824; lieutenant-colonel, 1845; majorgeneral, 1857; K.C.S.I., 1866; lieutenant-general, 1869.
John Pine Coffin: '''John Pine Coffin''' ([[1778]]-[[1830]]), major-general : cornet, as John Pine, 1795; took the name Coffin, 1797; lieutenant, 1799; served in Egypt, 1801; attached to quartermaster-general's staff; employed in Italy and Sp;iin, 1808-14; military attache with Austrian army in south France, 1815; lieutenant-governor of St. Helena, 1819-23; major-general, 1825.
Robert Aston Coffin: '''Robert Aston Coffin''' ([[1819]]-[[1885]]), Roman catholic prelate; educated at Harrow; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1838-45; M.A., 1843; vicar of St. Mary Magdalene, Oxford, 1843; embraced Catholicism, 1846; Hedemptorist father, 1852; rector of St. Mary's, Clapham, 1855; mission preacher, 1852-72; D.D.; bishop of Southwark, 1882; translated theological works.
Eliezer Cogan: '''Eliezer Cogan''' ([[1762]]-[[1856]]), nonconformist divine; pupil and tutor in Daventry (nonconformist) academy: presbyterian minister at Cirencester, 1787-9; congregational minister at Walthamstow, 1801-16; kept boarding-school at Walthamstow, 1801-28; published sermons and theological tracts.

[edit] Section 291

Thomas Cogan: '''Thomas Cogan''' ([[1545]] ?-[[1607]]), physician ; fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, 1563-74: M.B., 1674; practised physic in Manchester; master of Manchester grammarschool, 1574-1600; published Latin school-books, and medical and devotional tracts.
Thomas Cogan: '''Thomas Cogan''' ([[1736]]-[[1818]]), philosopher ; educated for congregational ministry: presbyterian minister at Rotterdam, 1759, and at Southampton, 1762; Unitarian; pastor at the Hague; married a Dutch heiress: studied medicine at Leyden; M.D. Leydeu, 1767: practised medicine in Holland; accoucheur in London, c. 1772-80; founded the Royal Humane Society, 1774: resided in Holland, 1780-95: removed to Bath; afterwards resided in London; published novels, notes of travel, translations from the Dutch, and, 1802-17, treatises on the passions and on ethics.
William Cogan: '''William Cogan''' (rf. [[1774]]), philanthropist ; mayor of Hull, 1717 and 1736; founded a charity school and an apprentice fund at Hull.
Cogge: '''Cogge''' 8HALL, HENRY ([[1623]]-[[1690]]), mathema-, tician; invented Coggeshall sliding-rnle, 1677; wrote on mensuration.
Ralph Op Coggeshall: '''Ralph Op Coggeshall''' (ft. [[1207]]), chronicler; Cistercian monk; abbot of Ooggeshall, Essex, 1207-18. The chronicle known by his name extends from 1066 to 1224, becoming more detailed after 1187.
Jeremiah Coghlan: '''Jeremiah Coghlan''' ([[1775]]?-[[1844]]), captain in navy; mate of merchant ship at Plymouth, 1796, when he attracted attention of Edward Pellew, viscount Exmouth , who placed him on his ship the Indefatigable; commanded Viper frigate, 1800; captured French gun brig Cerbere after hard fight off Port Louis, and was promoted lieutenant, 1800; commanded sloop on Jamaica station, 1804-7; senior officer of light squadron in Bahamas, 1807-11; captain, 1810; flag-captain to Pellew in Mediterranean, 1812; C.B., 1816; on South American station, 1826-30.
John Cok: '''John Cok''' ([[1392]] 9-[[1467]] ?), compiler of the chartnlnry (145C) of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London: goldsmith's apprentice; priest, 1417; brother of St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1419.
Cokayne: '''Cokayne''' Snt ASTON ([[1608]]-[[1684]]), poet ; son of Thomas Cokayne; fellow-commoner of Trinity College, Cambridge; at the Inns of Court: travelled in France and Italy, 1632; inherited Pooley, Warwickshire, 1639; received a baronet's patent, 1642; created M.A. Oxford, 1643; obtained Ashbourne, Derbyshire, on his mother's death, 1664; ran through his estate; sold bis Derbyshire property, 1671, and his Warwickshire property, 1683; published translations from Italian, 1635, and poems and dramas, 1658 and 1669.
George Cokayne: '''George Cokayne''' ([[1619]]-[[1691]]), independent minister; B.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1640; intruded rector of St. Pancras, Soper Lane, London; ejected, 1660; minister of Redcross Street congregational chapel, London, 1660; published sermons.
Sir John Cokayne: '''Sir John Cokayne''' (d. [[1438]]), judge; of Ashbourne, Derbyshire; recorder of London, 1394; chief baron of the exchequer, 1400-13; justice of common pleas, 1405-29; accompanied troops to France, 1412; sheriff of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire, 1422, 1428, and 1435.
Sir Thomas Cokayne: '''Sir Thomas Cokayne''' ([[1519]] V-[[1592]]), author of 'A Treatise of Hunting 1591; of Ashbourne, Derbyshire; page to the Earl of Shrewsbury; succeeded to the family estates.,,1 538; knighted, 1544; served in Scotland, 1548; frequently high sheriff of Derbyshire,
Thomas Cokayne: '''Thomas Cokayne''' ([[1587]]-[[1638]]), lexicographer: of Ashbourne, Derbyshire; educated at Corpus Christ! College, Oxford; compiled an English-Greek lexicon, published 1658.
Sir William Cokayne: '''Sir William Cokayne''' (d. 1G26), lord mayor of London; succeeded to his father's business of merchant, 1599; sheriff of London, 1609: alderman; governor of Ulster colonists, 1612; knighted, 1616; lord mayor, 16191620; bought Rushton, Northamptonshire.
Daniel Parker Coke: '''Daniel Parker Coke''' ([[1745]]-[[1825]]), politician; M.A. All SoulsCollege, Oxford, 1772; barrister, 1768; M.P., Derby, 1775-80; M.P., Nottingham, 1780-1812.
Sir Edward Coke: '''Sir Edward Coke''' ([[1552]]-[[1634]]), judge and law writer, commonly called LORD COKK or COOKK; educated at Norwich and (1567) Trinity College, Cambridge; at Clifford's Inn, London, 1571; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1578; soon obtained good practice: reader of Lyon's Inn, 1579: advanced by Burghley's influence; recorder of Coventry, 1585; recorder of Norwich, 1586; recorder of London, 1592; M.P., Aldborough, 1589; M.P., Norfolk, and speaker of the Bouse of Commons, 1593: solicitor-general, 1592: attorney-general, to Francis Bacon's disappointment, 1594; married, to spite Bacon, Burghley's granddaughter, Lady Elizabeth Cecil, widow of Sir William Hatton, 1598: began publishing his law reports, 1600: entertained Queen Elizateth at Stoke Pogis, 1601; showed great rancour in the trials of the Earl of Essex, 1600, Ralegh, 1603, and the gunpowder plotters, 1605; chief-justice of common pleas, 1606; opposed James I's claim to tax imports and exports, 1606; decided that the post-nati persons bom in Scotland after the union of the crowns were English subjects, 1607; resisted Archbishop Bancroft's claim, which James I favoured, to exempt the church from the jurisdiction of the common law courts, 1606-9; decided against the king's authority to make law by proclamation, 1610; resisted Archbishop Abbot's attempt to have ecclesiastical causes decided by the court of high commission, 1611: compelled, through.Bacon's influence, and against his own wish, to accept the chief-justiceship of the king's. bench, 1613; privy councillor, 1613; opposed the practice of consulting the judges extra-judicially, 1615; favoured the courts of common law iu their endeavour to curtail the powers of the chancellor, 1615; refused to obey James I's order to
Coke: '''Coke''' 258
Well Cold: '''Well Cold''' stay proceedings in the commendam case: showed uncourtly desire to ascertain the truth in Sir Thomas Overtuiry'a rnso, 1615; suspended, partly through Bacon's representations to James I, from the privy council ami judicial functions, 1616; ordered to expunge from his 4 Reports opinions unfavourable to the king's prerogative: dismissed from the chief-justiceship, 1616; separated from his wife, in consequence of a violent quarrel as to the marriage of their daughter, 1617; recalled to the privy council, 1617: employed on several commission? of inquiry; M.P., Liskeard, 1620-2; vigorously attacked the monopolies: advocated war with Spain; incensed James I by speaking against the Spanish marriage and denouncing interference with the liberties of parliament; on the committee to impeach Bacon; imprisoned in the Tower, 1622; M.P., Coventry, 1624: M.P., Norfolk, 1625-6; opposed Charles I's demand for subsidies, 1625; precluded from parliamentary action by being pricked sheriff of Buckinghamshire, 1626; M.P., Buckinghamshire, 1628; spoke strongly against the Duke of Buckingham, illegal taxation, and illegal imprisonment; lived afterwards in retirement at Stoke Pogis. His papers were seized by order of Charles I, and detained till 1641. Of Coke'sReports the first eleven parts were published 1600-16, the unfinished twelfth and thirteenth parts not till 1656-9. His Booke of Entries appeared in 1614. The First part of the Institutes of the Laws of England (Coke upon Littleton) appeared in 1628, the second part in 1645, and the third and the unfinished fourth part in 1644.
Coke: '''Coke''' or COOKE, GEORGE (d. [[1646]]), bishop of Hereford; brother of Sir John Coke; fellow of Pembroke Hall, Cambridge; rector of Bygrave, Hertfordshire: D.D.; bishop of Bristol, 1633; translated to Hereford, 1636; one of the twelve protesting bishops, 1641; his palace sacked by the parliamentary troops, 1645.
Jeremiah Coke: '''Jeremiah Coke''' (d. [[1817]]).
Sir John Coke: '''Sir John Coke''' ([[1563]]-[[1644]]), secretary of state; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1583; employed by Burghley; deputy- treasurer of the navy, 1591; travelled, 1594-6; secretary to Fulke GrevUle, 1597; a commissioner of the navy, 1621-36; M.P., 1621-9; pensioned by James I, 1621; a master of requests, 1622; knighted, 1624; Buckingham's agent in the parliaments of 1625 and 1628; secretary of state, 1625; incensed the Commons by his subservience to Charles I; a commissioner of the treasury, 1635-6; a commissioner on Scottish affairs, 1638; dismissed from office, 1639.
Roger Coke: '''Roger Coke''' (fl. [[1896]]), political writer ; of Thorington, Suffolk; educated at Cambridge; wrote against Thomas Hobbes, 1660; published pamphlets on trade, 1670-95; published hisDetection of the Court... of England during the four last Reigns, 1694.
Thomas Coke: '''Thomas Coke''' ([[1747]]-[[1814]]), methodist bishop ; son of a wealthy Brecon apothecary; entered Jesus College, Oxford, 1764; M.A., 1770; curate of South Petherton, Somerset, 1772-6; D.C.L., 1775; methodist preacher in London, 1778; frequently president of the Methodist conference in Ireland from 1782; suggested that the methodists should undertake foreign missions, 1784; joined with John Wesley in ordaining methodist ministers for America, 1784; went to Baltimore as superintendent of the methodiste, 1784; adopted the title of bishop in America, 1787; opposed slavery; methodist secretary of conference; vainly proposed the union of the methodist and Anglican churches in America, 1792, and in England, 1799; tried to establish bishops in the methodist church in England, 1794; president of the methodist conference in England, 1 797 and 1805; paid his ninth visit to America, 1803; asked Lord Liverpool, the premier, to make him a bishop in India, 1813; died on the voyage to India; published works, including sermons and biographies.
Thomas William Ooke: '''Thomas William Ooke''' , of Holkham, first EARL OT LEICESTER (1752-1842), educated at Eton; travelled; lived some time at Rome; returned to England, 1 774; succeeded to his patrimony, 1776; M.P., Norfolk, 17761806, and 1807-32; protectionist; favoured parliamentary reform; latterly, father of the House of Commons: began farming on bis own account, 1778; bred Southdown sheep and Devon cattle; improved the Suffolk breed of pigs; first grew wheat (instead of rye) in West Norfolk, 1787: raised to the peerage, 1887.
John Coker: '''John Coker''' (d. [[1635]]?), antiquary; vicar of Tincleton, Dorset, 1576-9; compiled a Survey of Dorsetshire(published 1732).
Sir John Colbatch: '''Sir John Colbatch''' (d. [[1729]]), physician ; apothecary at Worcester; licentiate of the London College of Physicians, 1696; knighted, 1716; published medical tracts, 1695-1723.

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John Colbatch: '''John Colbatch''' ([[1664]]-[[1748]]), opponent of Richard Bentley; at Westminster School, 1680-3; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1690; D.D., 1706; Anglican chaplain at Lisbon; prebendary of Salisbury; professor of moral philosophy, Cambridge, 1707-44; took part with the fellows of Trinity against Richard Bentley, the master, 1714; published pamphlets against Bentley: rector of Orwell, Cambridgeshire, 1720-48: refused Bentley, then archdeacon of Ely, his fees for archidiaconal visitations, 1738.
Sir John Colborne: '''Sir John Colborne''' , first BARON SKATON ([[1778]]1863), general; educated at Christ's Hospital; ensign, 1794; captain, 1800; served in Egypt, 1801, and in Sicily, 1806; secretary to Sir John Moore, 1808-9; lieutenantcolonel, by Moore's dying request, 1809; commanded 52nd foot in Peninsula and at Waterloo; K.O.B., 1815; majorgeneral, 1825; lieutenant-go venior of Guernsey, 1825; of Upper Canada, 1830; crushed Canadian revolt, 1838; created Baron Seaton, 1839: governor of the Ionian islands, 1843-9; general, 1854; commander of the forces in Ireland, 1855-60; field-marshal, 1860.
Henry Colbttrn: '''Henry Colbttrn''' (d. [[1865]]), publisher, of London ; started a number of London magazines, 1814-29; kept a circulating library, 1816; brought out a library of modern standard novelists, 1835-41. His publications included Evelyn's and Pepys's diaries.
Thomas Frederick Colby: '''Thomas Frederick Colby''' ([[1784]]-[[1852]]), director of the ordnance survey: educated at Woolwich; second lieutenant, royal engineers, 1801; lieutenant-colonel, 1826: major-general, 1846; attached to the ordnance survey of England, 1802; lost his right hand, 1803; chief executive officer of the survey, 1809; conducted survey of Scotland, 1813-21; hon. LL.D. Aberdeen; director of the survey, 1820; F.R.S., 1820; conducted survey of Ireland, 1825-47; joint-designer of a geological map of West England, 18331845; placed on the retired list, 1847.
Colchestee: '''Colchestee''' first BARON ([[1767]]-[[1829]]). See ABBOT,
Charles: '''Charles'''
Coelchtj Colchtj: '''Coelchtj Colchtj''' , or COLGA, SAINT (d. [[792]]), chief scribe of Clonmacnoise monastery; corresponded with Alcuin; wrote Scuap Crabhaigh (sweeping brush of devotion).
John Henry Colclotjoh: '''John Henry Colclotjoh''' ([[1769]]-[[1798]]), Irish rebel; a Wexford landowner; an insurgent leader at New Ross, 1798; executed.
Oadwallader Colden: '''Oadwallader Colden''' ([[1688]]-[[1776]]), botanist and American loyalist; M.D. Edinburgh, 1705; practitioner in Pennsylvania, 1708-18; surveyor-general of New York colony, 1719; member of council, New York, 1720: lieutenant-governor of New York, 1761; unpopular as a loyalist; withdrew to Long Island, 1775; published medical and scientific papers, including History of the five Indian Nations of Canada 1727; sent descriptions of American plants to Linnaeus and other savants.
Geoffrey De Coldinoham: '''Geoffrey De Coldinoham''' (fl. [[1214]]), writer of a history of the church of Durham from 1152 to 1214; sacrist of Ooldingham Priory.
Francis Coldock: '''Francis Coldock''' ([[1530]]-[[1602]]), publisher ; master of the London StationersCompany, 1591 and 1595: printed a few books: issued many books in conjunction with Henry Bynneman
Cold: '''Cold''' 8TEEAM, JOHN ([[1806]]-[[1863]]), physician ; M.D. Edinburgh, 1827; practitioner in Leith, 1829-47; advocated medical missions; wrote medical papers,
John Coldwell: '''John Coldwell''' (d. [[1596]]), bishop of Salisbury ; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge: M.A., 1558: M.D., 1564; chaplain to Archbishop Parker; rector of Aldington, 1568, Tunstall, 1572, and Saltwood, Kent, 1580: dean of Rochester, 1681; made bishop of Salisbury in order that the courtiers might plunder the episcopal estates, 1591; died deeply in debt.
Cole: '''Cole''' 259
Cole: '''Cole'''
Abdi Ah Cole: '''Abdi Ah Cole''' ([[1610]] ?-[[1670]] ?), doctor of physick ' ; translated and compiled medical text-books, 1655-62.
Charles Nalson Cole: '''Charles Nalson Cole''' ([[1723]]-[[1804]]), lawyer; H.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1743; barrister, Inner Teniiil" rL'gisirur of the Budford Level corporation; published law tracts, an edition of theWorks of Soame Jen VMS1790, and other writings.
Sir Christopher Cole: '''Sir Christopher Cole''' ([[1770]]-[[1837]]), post-captain; midshipman, 1780; flag-captain to Lord Hugh Seymour in West Indies, 1799, and, later, to Sir John Thomas Duckworth: post-captain, 1802; pervt-d with Sir Edward Pellew (afterwards Viscount Exmouth) in East Indies, 1804: despatched to relieve garrison at Amboyna, 1810; effected capture of Neira, chief of Banda islands; served on Malabar coast, 1811; knighted 1812; honorary D.O.L. Oxford, 1812; in Channel, 1813-14; K.C.B., 1815; M.P. for Glamorgan-U7 and 1820-30; commander of yacht Royal Sovereign, 1828; colonel of marines, 1830.
Sir Qalbraith Lowry Cole: '''Sir Qalbraith Lowry Cole''' ([[1772]]-[[1842]]), general; younger sou of the first Earl of Inniskillen; cornet, 1787; major, 1793; served in the West Indies, 1794 staff officer in Ireland, 1797, and in Egypt, 1801; M.P., Inniskillen, 1798-1800, and for Fermanagh, 1803-23; brigadier-general in Sicily, 1806-8; major-general, 1808; commanded 4th division in Peninsula, 1809-14; K.B., 1813; lieutenant-general, 1813; governor of Mauritius, 1823-8; governor of Cape Colony, 1828-33; general, 1830.
George Cole: '''George Cole''' ([[1810]]-[[1883]]), painter; self-taught; portrait-painter at Plymouth; painted posters of wild animals for Wombwell's menagerie; studied art in Holland; exhibited in London, 1838-80, chiefly landscapes.
George Vicat Cole: '''George Vicat Cole''' ([[1833]]-[[1893]]), landscape painter; son of George Cole; first exhibited at British Institution and Suffolk Street galleries, 1852, and at Royal Academy, 1853; R.A., 1880. His picture, The Pool of London is in the National Gallery of British Art, Millbank,
Henry Cole: '''Henry Cole''' ([[1500]]7-[[1580]]), dean of St. Paul's ; educated at Winchester; fellow of New College, Oxford, 1521-40, and warden, 1542-51; B.C.L., 1530; D.C.L., 1540; D.D., 1554; studied in Padua and Paris; lectured on civil law in Oxford; submitted to the Reformation; prebendary of Sarum, 1539; advocate of the arches and prebendary of St. Paul's, 1540; rector of Chelmsford, Essex, 1540-8, and of Newton Longueyille, Buckinghamshire, 1545-52; joined Roman catholic party at Mary's accession; archdeacon of Ely, 1553-6; canon of Westminster and provost of Eton, 1564-9; held disputation with Cranmer at Oxford, 1554; appointed to preach at Cranmer's execution, 1556: one of Cardinal Pole's commissioners to visit Oxford University, 1556, and Cambridge, 1567; dean of St. Paul's, 1556-9; vicar-general of the archbishop of Canterbury, 1557-8; sent to Ireland to extirpate protestantism, 1568; one of the eight Romanist disputants at Westminster Abbey, 1559; imprisoned, from 1560 to c, 1579.
Cole: '''Cole''' Sm HENRY ([[1808]]-[[1882]]), official ; at Christ's Hospital, 1817-23; sub-commissioner of the new record commission, 1833; assistant-keeper of the Record Office, 1838; elaborated scheme of postal reform for treasury, 1839-42; served on managing committee of London exhibitions of 1861, 1862, 1871-4; British commissioner at the Paris exhibitions of 1855 and 1867; joint-secretary of the Science and Art Department, 1853, and sole secretary, 1868-73; K.O.B., 1875; painted in water-colours, etched, engraved book illustrations, and edited, from time to time, several periodicals.
Humfray Cole: '''Humfray Cole''' (ft. [[1570]]-[[1580]]), engraver of a map of Palestine, 1572, and of brass mathematical instruments; employed at the mint.
John Cole: '''John Cole''' ([[1792]]-[[1848]]), bookseller and antiquary ; bookseller's apprentice in Northampton; bookseller in Lincoln, 1817, in Hull, in Scarborough, 1821, at Northampton, 1830; lectured on history and popular science; taught school at WeUingborough, 1835, and other places; failed in business and in teaching; died in poverty; published histories of Northampton, 1816, Lincoln, 1818, Scarborough, 1822-4, and above a hundred other pieces relating chiefly to Yorkshire and Northamptonshire. second

[edit] Section 293

Sir Ralph Cole: '''Sir Ralph Cole''' ([[1625]] ?-[[1704]]), second baronet, of Brancepeth Castle, Durham; studied painting under Vandyck; learned mezzotint engraving; patronised Italian painters: M.P., Durham, 1676-8; ran through his estate; sold Brancepeth, 1701.
Thomas Cole: '''Thomas Cole''' (d. [[1571]]), divine; M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1560; D.D., 1664; master of Maidstone school, 1552; dean of Salisbury; withdrew to the continent, 1653; rector of High Ongar, 1659, and of Stanford Rivers, Essex, 1564: prebendary of St. Paul's and archdeacon of Essex, 1560; of puritan leanings; published sermons.
Thomas Cole: '''Thomas Cole''' ([[1627]] ?-[[1697]]), nonconformist divine ; educated at Westminster School; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1647; M.A., 1651; intruded principal of St. Mary Hall, Oxford, 1656-60; kept a private academy at Nettlebed, Oxford; minister of the congregational church in Silver Street and PinnersHall, London, 16741697; published sermons.
William Cole: '''William Cole''' (d. [[1600]]), dean of Lincoln ; fellow of Corpus Ohristi College, Oxford, 1546-63; M.A., 1552; D.D., 1574; withdrew to Zurich, 1553, and Geneva, 1557; joined in translating theGeneva Bible rector of Sud-, bourne, Suffolk, 1561-71, of Buscott, Berkshire, 1571-3, and of Lower Heyford, Oxfordshire, 1572-1600; made president of Corpus Ohristi College by the crown hi defiance of the wishes of the college, 1568: lived at feud with the fellows; brought the college into debt; prebendary of Salisbury, 1571, Lincoln, 1574, and Winchester, 1579; vice-chancellor of Oxford, 1577; compelled to exchange his presidentship for the deanery of Lincoln, 1598.
Sir William Cole: '''Sir William Cole''' (d. [[1863]]), frish settler ; a Londoner; resident in Fermanagh before 1607; obtained forfeited lands, 1611; provost of Enniskillen; knighted, 1617; leased Enniskillen Castle, 1623; M.P., Fermanagh, 1639; colonel of foot against the Irish rebels, 1641-3; defended his conduct before a parliamentary commission, 1645.
Cole: '''Cole''' or COLES, WILLIAM ([[1626]]-[[1662]]), botanist; entered New College, Oxford, 1642; postmaster of Merton College, 1650-1; B.A., 1651; resided at Putney; secretary to the bishop of Winchester, 1660; publishedHerbal 1656-7.
William Cole: '''William Cole''' (d. [[1701]]), naturalist; surveyor of customs, Bristol; landowner at Hullavington, Wiltshire.
William Cole: '''William Cole''' ([[1635]]-[[1716]]), physician; M.D. Gloucester Hall, Oxford, 1666; practised in London and Worcester; fellow of the London College of Physicians, 1694; published Latin medical tracts, 1674-94.
William Cole: '''William Cole''' ([[1714]]-[[1782]]), the Cambridge antiquary; of Baberham, Cambridgeshire; while a schoolboy at Eton began to note antiquities; formed a friendship with Horace Walpole; entered Clare Hall, Cambridge, 1733; migrated to King's College, 1735; M.A., 1740; seriously thought of embracing Roman Catholicism; resided hi Cambridge; travelled occasionally in Flanders and Portugal; F.S.A., 1747; non-resident rector of Hornsey, Middlesex, 1749-51; resident rector of Bletchley, Buckinghamshire, 1753-67; removed to Waterbeach, near Cambridge, 1767, and to Milton, 1770; his income impaired by the breaking of the dykes; non-resident vicar of Burnham, Buckinghamshire, 1774-82; furnished friends with materials for historical and antiquarian books; bequeathed his manuscript collections, about a hundred folio volumes, chiefly dealing with Cambridgeshire and Cambridge university, Huntingdonshire, and Buckinghamshire, to the British Museum.
William Cole: '''William Cole''' ([[1753]]-[[1808]]), classical scholar; foundationer at Eton, 1766; scholar of King's College, Cambridge, 1773; fellow, 1776; M.A., 1781; DJX, Lambeth, 1795; master at Eton, 1777-80; chaplain to the Duke of Marlborough; rector of Mersham, Kent, 1788; prebendary of Westminster, 1792; vicar of Shorebam, Kent; author of a Latin explanation prefixed to Marlborough Gems (vol. ii.)
Cole: '''Cole''' 2f0
Coleridge: '''Coleridge'''
William Cole: '''William Cole''' ([[1754]]-[[1812]]), miscellaneous writer ; educated at Eton; fellow of King's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1783; vicar of Broad Chalk, Wiltshire; curate in London; published a Key to the Psalms 1788, a poem, 1789, and a novel, 1796.
Henry Thomas Colebrooke: '''Henry Thomas Colebrooke''' ([[1765]]-[[1837]]), Sanscrit scholar writer at Calcutta, 1782; magistrate at Purneah; studied Hindu law; contributed papers on suttee to Asiatic Researches 1794; printed privately Remarks on Husbandry in Bengal 1795; magistrate at Mirzapur, near Benares, 1795; published translation of 'A Digest of Hindu Law 1798; envoy to Nagpdr, 17991801; judge at Calcutta, 1801, and president of the bench, 1805; honorary professor in Fort William College; published his Essay on the Vedas 1805, a Sanscrit grammar, 1805, and lexicon, 1808, and translations of Hindu treatises on inheritance and contracts, 1810; member of the Bengal council, 1807-12; returned to England, 1814; presented Ins Sanscrit manuscripts to the India House; wrote on Hindu mathematics and philosophy, and on natural science; became blind; his occasional papers collected in his * Miscellaneous Essays, 1 1837.
Sir William Maobean George Colebrooke: '''Sir William Maobean George Colebrooke''' (1787-1870), soldier and colonial governor; studied at Woolwich; first lieutenant, royal artillery, 1803; major, 1813; political agent and commissioner in Palembong, Sumatra, 1813, and in Bengal, 1814; one of commissioners of the Eastern inquiry, 1822-32; lieutenant-governor of Bahamas, 1834-7; governor of Leeward islands, 1837; lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick, 1841; colonel, 1846; governor of Barbados and Windward islands, 1848-56; lieutenant-general, 1859; colonel commanding royal artillery, 1859-70; O.B. (civil), 1848.
Peter Dk Colechttrch: '''Peter Dk Colechttrch''' (d. [[1205]]), chaplain of St Mary Oolechurch; architect of the first stone bridge over the Thames in London, 1176.
Charles Coleman: '''Charles Coleman''' (d. [[1664]]), composer ; member of Charles I's band; music teacher in London, 1641; Mus. Doc. Cambridge, 1651; composed part of the music for William D'Avenant'sFirst Dayes Entertainment and Siege of Rhodes 1656: member of Charles ITs band, 1660; composer to Charles II, 1662; left music in manuscript,
Edward Coleman: '''Edward Coleman''' (d. [[1669]]), musician ; son of Charles Ooleman; a celebrated music-master in London; composed the music for James Shirley's The glories of our blood and state 1653; sang in William D'Avenant's Siege of Rhodes 1656; gentleman of the Chapel Royal, 1660; member of Charles II's band, 1662; friend of Samuel Pepys.
Edward Coleman: '''Edward Coleman''' (d. [[1678]]), conspirator; embraced Roman Catholicism, c. 1670; secretary to Mary of Modena, duchess of York, c. 1674; corresponded with France, inviting aid for English catholics, 1674-5; sent to Brussels to negotiate with the pope's nuncio: accused by Titus Gates of participation in the popish plot, 28 Sept. 1678; his papers seized, 29 Sept.; surrendered himself, 30 Sept.; convicted on the evidence of Gates and Bedloe, 27 Nov; executed, 3 Deo.; his fate discussed in several broadsheets and pamphlets.
Thomas Coleman: '''Thomas Coleman''' ([[1598]]-[[1647]]), divine; entered Magdalen Hall, Oxford, 1615; M.A., 1621; a learned hebraist, and nicknamed Rabbi Ooleman *; rector of Blyton, Lincolnshire, 1623-42, and of St. Peter's, Cornhill, 1642; member of Westminster Assembly, 1643.
Walter Ooleman: '''Walter Ooleman''' (d. [[1645]]).
William Higgins Coleman: '''William Higgins Coleman''' (d. [[1863]]), botanist ; M.A. St. John's College, Cambridge, 1838; ordained, 1840; joint-author (with John William Colenso ) of Examples in Arithmetic and Algebra 1834, and (with R. H. Webb) of Flora Hertfordiensis 1849, and it supplements, 1851 and 1859; first introduced the river-basin delimitation into a county flora; schoolmaster at Hertford, and, 1847, at Ashby-de-la-Zouch; hisBiblical Papers published 1864.
Frances Ellen Colenso: '''Frances Ellen Colenso''' ([[1849]]-[[1887]]), daughter of John William Colenso: taken to Natal, 1865; joint-author of a History of the Zulu War 1880.
John William Colenso: '''John William Colenso''' ([[1814]]-[[1883]]), bishop of Natal; called by the ZulusSMBANTUfather ot the people); a poor Cornish boy; sizar of St. John's OolUye, Cambridge; second wrangler, 1836: fellow, 1837; a master at Harrow, 1839-42; tutor of St. John's College, 18; vicar of Forncett St. Mary, Norfolk. 1846-53; jointauthor (with William Higgins Ooleman ) ofExamples in Arithmetic and Algebra 1834; author of textbooks on algebra, 1841, and arithmetic, 1843; published sermons, 1853; named bishop of Natnl, 1853; pui 'Ten Weeks in Natal 1854; decided against requiring polygamous Kaffir converts to divorce their wives; took his family to Natal, 1855; held his first diocesan counril, 1858; taught some Zulus printing and issued between 1859 and 1876 a Zulu grammar, dictionary, instructive reading books, and translations of Genesis, Exodus, 1 and 2 Samuel, and the New Testament; evoked great opposition by hisCommentary on the Epistle to the Romans. 1 1861, attacking the sacramental system; issued Critical examination of the Pentateuch 1862-79, concluding that these books were post-exila forgeries, Deuteronomy, in particular, being a pious fraud of Jeremiah the prophet; formally deposed and excommunicated by Robert Gray, bishop of Cape Town, 1863; confirmed in possession of the see by the law courts, 1866; published an examination of the first part ofThe Speaker's Commentary 1871-4; exposed the corruption and tyranny of some colonial officials towards natives, 1875; denounced the Zulu war, 1879.
Colepepeb: '''Colepepeb'''

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John Colepeper: '''John Colepeper''' , first BARON COLEPKTKH (d. 1660), of Wigsell, Sussex; served in foreign armies; studied rural affairs; M.P., Kent, 1640; denounced monopolies and StraffonL, 1641; defended episcopacy and the liturgy; opposed the Grand Remonstrance and the militia bill, 1641; taken into court favour, made privy councillor, 1642; chancellor of the exchequer, 1642-3; advised Charles I's withdrawal to Yorkshire; joined him at York, 1642; presented Charles's ultimatum to parliament, 1642; contributed to the victory of Edgehill, 1642; master of the rolls, 1643; attended Charles's Oxford parliament, 1644; his advice in military affairs sought by Charles I; his plans thwarted by the jealousy of Rupert; created Baron Colepeper of Thoresway, 1644; urged Charles I to make terms at all costs with the Scots, 1645-6, attended the Prince of Wales in his flight to the west, 1646: ordered to convey him to the continent, August 1646; accompanied him in the descent on the Thames, 1648; at feud with Rupert, 1648; urged Charles II to accept the Scottish overtures, 1649; went to Moscow to borrow money from the czar, 1650, and to Holland to ask armed support, 1652; expelled from France, 1654; urged Charles II's advisers to approach Monck, September 1668; attended Charles II on his Spanish journey, September 1659; returned to England, 1660.
Thomas Colepeper: '''Thomas Colepeper''' ([[1637]]-[[1708]]), colonel; inherited Hackington, Kent, 1643; steward to Viscount Strangford: imprisoned as a royalist conspirator, 1669; married secretly a daughter of John, baron Frecheville, 1662; failed in a lawsuit to prevent Lord Frecheville selling his estate of Staveley, Derbyshire, to William Cavendish, first duke of Devonshire; imprisoned and sentenced to lose his hand for striking Devonshire at Whitehall, 1686; pardoned; struck by Devonshire at Whitehall, 1687; caned by Devonshire, 1697; died in great poverty. His genealogical collections are preserved in the British Museum.
William Colepepeb: '''William Colepepeb''' (d. [[1726]]), poet and politician; of Hollingbourn, Kent; imprisoned for his share in the Kentish petition, 1701; published verses.
Barons Coleraine: '''Barons Coleraine''' . See HARE, HUGH, first
Baron: '''Baron''' [[1606]] ?-[[1667]] ; HARE, HENRY, second BARON, 1636-1708; HARE, HENRY, third BARON, 1693-1749; HANGER, GEORGE, fourth BARON of the second creation, 175i?-1824.
Derwent Coleridge: '''Derwent Coleridge''' ([[1800]]-[[1883]]), author; second son of Samuel Taylor Coleridge q. v.l; educated at Ambleside school and St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., 1829; ordained, 1826; master of Helston school, Cornwall, 1826-41; principal of St Mark's College, Chelsea. 1841-64: rector of Hanwell, 1864-80; published pamphlets, theological tracts, and biographies of his brother Hartley and the poet Praed.
Coleridge: '''Coleridge''' 261
Coles: '''Coles'''
Hartley Coleridge: '''Hartley Coleridge''' ([[1796]]-[[1849]]), author ; eldest on of Samuel Taylor Coleridge; brouurht up by Robert Southey; educated at Ambleside school; B.A. Merton College, Oxford, 1819; probationer fellow of Oriel College, 1819, but dismissed, 1820, for intemperance; failed in literary work in London, and, 1830, in teaching at Ambh'siilr; published poems, 1833, and biographies of and Lancashire worthies, 1888-6; a master at school, 1837-8; edited Massingerand Ford, 1840; his Kciiuiiii.- verse and prose, published, 1861.
Henry James Coleridge: '''Henry James Coleridge''' ([[1822]]-[[1893]]), divine : brother of Sir John Duke, Lord Coleridge; educated at Eton and Trinity College, Oxford; B.A., 1845; fellow of Oriel College, 1846; M.A., 1847; held cure in Devonshire; entered Roman catholic church, 1862; studied at Rome; priest, and D.D., 1866; joined Jesuit novitiate; editor of tin- Month the periodical of the Jesuit fathers, 1865-81; published theological works, including The Life of Our Lord 1872.
Henry Nelson Coleridge: '''Henry Nelson Coleridge''' ([[1798]]-[[1843]]), literary executor of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 1834; nephew of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and brother of James Duke Coleridge, and of Sir John Taylor Coleridge ; educated at Eton; fellow of King College, Cambridge; visited Barbados, 1825; barrister, 1826; married Sara Coleridge, 1829; brought out Coleridge's Table Talk, 1 1835, and edited some of his works; published pamphlets.
Herbert Coleridge: '''Herbert Coleridge''' ([[1830]]-[[1861]]), philologist; son of Henry Nelson Coleridge; educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford; double first, 1862; barrister, 1864; collected materials for theOxford English Dictionary
James Duke Coleridge: '''James Duke Coleridge''' ([[1788]]-[[1857]]), divine; nephew of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and brother of Henry Nelson Coleridge and Sir John Taylor Coleridge; entered Balliol College, Oxford, 1808; D.O.L., 183i; vicar of Kenwyn, 1823-8; rector of Lawhitton, 18261839; vicar of Lewannick, Cornwall, 1831-41; vicar of Thorverton, Devonshire, 1839-67; prebendary of Exeter, 1825; published sermons and devotional tracts.
John Coleridge: '''John Coleridge''' ([[1719]]-[[1781]]), schoolmaster; vicar of Ottery St. Mary, Devonshire, and master of the grammar school; an eccentric: published a biblical tract, 1768, and a Latin grammar, 1772.
Sir John Duke Coleridge: '''Sir John Duke Coleridge''' , first BARON OOLKRinoE (1820-1894), lord chief-justice of England; son of Sir John Taylor Coleridge; educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford; M.A. 1846; fellow of Exeter, 1843-6, and honorary fellow, 1882; called to bar at Middle Temple, 1846; bencher, 1861; joined western circuit; recorder of Portsmouth, 1856; Q.C., 1861 liberal M.P. for Exeter, 1865-73; appointed solicitor-general and knighted, 1868; attorney-general, 1871; chief counsel for defendants in Tichborne case 1871-2; chief- justice of common pleas, 1873-80; created Baron Coleridge, 1874; F.R.S., 1875; D.C.L. Oxford, 1877; chief- justice of queen's bench, 1880-94.
Sir John Taylor Coleridge: '''Sir John Taylor Coleridge''' ([[1790]]-[[1876]]), judge; nephew of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and brother of James Duke Coleridge, and Henry Nelson Coleridge; colleger at Eton; scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, 1809; fellow of Exeter College, 1812-18; M.A., 1817; barrister, Middle Temple, 1819; contributed to theQuarterly Review and (1834) acted as editor; edited Blackstone'sCommentaries 1825; recorder of Exeter, 1832; justice of the king's bench, 18351858; sat on several parliamentary commissions; published pamphlets and a life of Keble.
Samuel Taylor Coleridge: '''Samuel Taylor Coleridge''' ([[1772]]-[[1834]]), poet and philosopher; youngest child of John Coleridge (17191781); educated at Christ's Hospital, 1782-90; read Flotmus and argued on points of metaphysics; schoolfellow and friend of Charles Lamb; courted Mary Evans, a schoolfellow's sister; read Greek, medicine, and metaphysics; sizar, 1791, and scholar, 1793, of Jesus College, Lambndge; read desultorily; spent much time in conversation; adopted extreme views in politics and religion; went back to London, 1793; enlisted in the 15th dragoons, as Silas Tomkyn Comberback, 1793; bought out by his brothers, 1794; said to have contributed to the Morning Chronicle 1793-5; returned to Cambridge, 1794; met Robert Southey in Oxford, and visited Wales: engaged himself to Sara Fricker at Bristol; joined Southey, Robert Lovell, and other pantisocrats in their scheme to found a communistic colony on the Susquehanna, Pennsylvania; wrote the first act of the Fall of Robespierre (published, 1794); left Cambridge, 1794; borrowed money of Joseph Cottle, bookseller, of Bristol; lectured against Pitt, 1795; married Sara Fricker, 1795; published his first volume ofPoems 1796; canvassed in Birmingham, Sheffield, Manchester, and other towns, for subscribers to the Watchman newspaper, which failed (May 1796) at its tenth number; preached occasionally in Unitarian chapels; began to take laudanum, 1796; maintained by Thomas Poole at Nether Stowey, preaching in Unitarian chapels at Taunton and Bath, 1796-7; visited Wordsworth, 1797; joined Wordsworth in writing Lyri. cal Ballads(published 1798), contributingThe Ancient Mariner wrote the first part ofChristabel* and Kubla Khan 1797; contributed occasional poems and articles to theMorning Post 1798-1802: went to Shrewsbury as Unitarian minister, 1798, and met William Hazlitt; accepted two annuities of 7bl. each from Josiah and Thomas Wedgwood, on condition of devoting himself to literature; furnished with funds by the Wedgwoods to visit Germany, 1798-9; published his translation of Schiller's Wallenstein 1800: settled at Keswick, 1800; wrote the second part of Christabel 1800; a slave to opium, 1803; visited Malta, 1804-5, and Rome, 1805-6; confirmed in 751. annuity by the will of Thomas Wedgwood (d. July 1805); first met Thomas De Quincey. at Bridgewater, 1807; lectured, very indifferently, at the Royal Institution, 1808: left his family at Keswick and became dependent on Wordsworth at Grasmere, 1809; canvassed for subscribers to theFriendnewspaper; published the Friend August 1809 to March 1810; contributed to the London Courier 1809, 1811, and 1814; his 751. annuity from Josiah Wedgwood stopped, 1811; lectured in London on Shakespeare and other poets, 1810-11, 1812, and 1813; his Remorseacted with success at Drury Lane, 1813; left his family dependent on Southey, allowing his wife his 751. annuity and quartering himself on his friends; lectured on Shakespeare and Milton, at Bristol, 1813; his shivery to opium now undisguisable: domiciled with John Morgan at Calne, Wiltshire, 1813-16; domiciled with James Gillman, at Highgate, 1816-34; published his autobiography, Biographia Literaria 1817; last lectured in London, 1818; pensioner of Society of Literature, 18241830: publishedAids to Reflection 1825; alion* of London literary circles; visited Germany, 1828; took a leading part in the introduction of English thinkers to the results of German thought; published his collected Poetical and Dramatic Works 1828.
Sara Coleridge: '''Sara Coleridge''' ([[1802]]-[[1852]]), author of 'Phantasmion 1837; daughter of Samuel Taylor Coleridge ; married, 1829, Henry Nelson Coleridge; annotated and edited her father's writings.
William Hart Coleridge: '''William Hart Coleridge''' ([[1789]]-[[1849]]), bishop of Barbados; nephew of Samuel Taylor Coleridge; student of Christ Church, Oxford, 1808-24; M.A., 1814; D.D., 1824; curate of St. Andrew's, Holborn; bishop of Barbados, 1824-41; warden of St. Augustine's Missionary College, Canterbury; published sermons and charges.
Oowper Phipps Coles: '''Oowper Phipps Coles''' ([[1819]]-[[1870]]), naval officer ; entered navy, 1838; captain, 1856; served in Black Sea, 1863-6; constructed a good gun-raft, 1865; suggested building a turret-ship, with low freeboard, and heavy guns, 1861; the Captain constructed after his plans, and (1870) commissioned; went down with the Captain off Cape Finisterre.
Elisha Coles: '''Elisha Coles''' ([[1640]] ?-[[1680]]), lexicographer and stenographer: chorister of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1658-61; teacher of Latin and English in London, 1663; usher of Merchant TaylorsSchool, 1677; master of Galway school, 1678; published devotional verses, 1671, a treatise on shorthand, 1674, primers of English and Latin, 1674-5, an English dictionary, 1676, and a Latin dictionary, 1677.
Elisha Coles: '''Elisha Coles''' ([[1608]]9-[[1688]]), Calvinist ; intruded manciple of Magdalen Hall, Oxford; deputy-registrar to
Coles: '''Coles'''
Collier: '''Collier''' the parliamentary visitors, 1651: intruded steward of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1657-60: clerk to the East India Company; published A Practical Discourse of God's Sovereignty 1673.
Blisha Coles: '''Blisha Coles''' (d. [[1715]] ?), son of Elisha Coles (1608 ?-1688)

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Gilbert Coles: '''Gilbert Coles''' ([[1617]]-[[1676]]). divine; educated at Winchester; fellow of New College, Oxford, 1637; M.A., 1643; D.D., 1667; fellow of Winchester College, 1648 and 1660-76; rector of East Meon, 1648, of Easton. Hampshire, 1660-76, and of Ash, Surrey, 1669; published tract against Romanism, 1674.
Coles: '''Coles''' or COLE, JOHN (fl. [[1650]]), translator of part of Cleopatre (1663); probationer fellow and schoolmaster of New College, Oxford, 1643; ejected by the parliamentary visitors, 1648; schoolmaster at Wolverhampton. of r
Sir Henry Colet: '''Sir Henry Colet''' (d. [[1505]]), lord mayor of London ; mercer's apprentice and mercer in London; alderman, 1476; sheriff, 1477; lord mayor, 1486 and 1495; knighted, 1487.
John Colet: '''John Colet''' ([[1467]] ?-[[1519]]), dean of St. Paul's and founder of St. Paul's School; eldest and only surviving child of Sir Henry Colet; studied at Oxford, c. 1483; M.A., c. 1490: read mathematics and, in Latin versions, Platonic and Neo-platonic philosophy; nonresident rector of Dennington, Suffolk, 1485-1619;; vicar of St. Dunstan's, Stepney, 1485-1605; rector of Thurniug, Huntingdonshire, 1490-3; prebendary of York, 1494, and of St. Martin-le-Grand, 1494-1504; chaplain of Hilberworth, Norfolk; travelled in Italy, studying the fathers, canon and civil law, and the rudiments of Greek, 1493-6; resided in Oxford, and lectured on the New Testament, 1496-1504; priest, 1498; met Erasmus, 1498; prebendary of Salisbury, 1502; D.D., 1604; dean of St. Paul's, 1504-19; Inherited his father's vast fortune, 1505; founded St. Paul's School, writing for it in English a Latin accidence, 1509; endowed thebchopl, 1511-14; preached before convocation against ecclesiastical corruptions, 1512; preached against war with Prance, 1512-13; accused of heresy by FitzJames, bishop of London, 1613-14; made the Canterbury pilgrimage, 1514; paid an annuity to Erasmus; preached at Wolsey's installation as cardinal, 15 ".5; drew up statutes for St. Paul's School, 1518; some of his devotional works published, 1634; his complete works first issued, 1867-76.
Henry Coley: '''Henry Coley''' ([[1633]]-[[1695]]?), mathematician and astrologer; teacher of mathematics in London; published 4 Ola vis Astrologiae 1669; amanuensis and adopted son of William Lilly, 1677; continued (Lilly's)Merlini Anglici Ephemeris from 1681 to 1695.
Colfe: '''Colfe''' or CALF, ABRAHAM ([[1580]]-[[1657]]), divine; B.A. Christ Church, Oxford, 1599; curate, 1604-10, and vicar, 1610-57, of Lewisham, Kent; rector of St. Leonard's, Eastcheap, London, 1609-47; founded grammar school at Lewisham, 1662, and bequeathed money to found a library and an almshouse.
Isaac Colfe: '''Isaac Colfe''' ([[1660]]?-[[1597]]), divine ; born at Canterbury; of French refugee parentage; M.A. Broadgates Hall, Oxford, 1582; ricar of Stone, 1585-7, and of Brookland, Kent, 1687; master of Kingsbridge Hospital, Canterbury, 1696; published sermons.
John Colgan: '''John Colgan''' (d. [[1657]] ?), hagiographer ; born in Ulster; Franciscan friar and divinity professor at Louvain; published Acta Sanctorum... Hiberniae (in the calendar, January-March), 1645, Trias Thaumaturga (lives of SS. Patrick, Columba, and Bridget), 1647, and a life of Duns Scotus, 1655.
Lord Colinton: '''Lord Colinton''' (d. [[1688]]). See FOULIS, SIR
James: '''James'''
Frederick William Oollard: '''Frederick William Oollard''' ([[1772]]-[[1860]]), pianoforte manufacturer; partner in firm of Clementi & Co., 1800-31, of Collard &, Collard, 1832-60.
William Frederick Collard: '''William Frederick Collard''' ([[1776]]-[[1866]]), partner in Clementi fc Co.; partner with his brother Frederick William Collard, 1832-42.
Thomas Richardson Colledge: '''Thomas Richardson Colledge''' ([[1796]]-[[1879]]), physician; officially employed in Canton, Macao, and other Chinese port's till 1841; founded medical mission in China, 1837; pensioned; M.D. Aberdeen, 1839: practised at Cheltenham, 1841-79.
Stephen College: '''Stephen College''' ([[1635]] 7-[[1681]]), 'the protestant oiner; a clever London carpenter; of presbyterian and democratic opinions; conformed to the church, 1G6U; issued ballads and pamphlets against Romanism; daring the excitement of thepopish plotsoldprotestant flails pocket bludgeons to repel anticipated Romanist assassins; came in arms to Oxford, at the sitting of parliament, 1681; arrested in London, 1681; bill against him thrown out by the grand jury, July 1681; taken to Oxford condemned and executed. His several ballads and pamphlets. s fate was the subject of
Abraham Colles: '''Abraham Colles''' ([[1773]]-[[1843]]), surgeon ; studied surgery in Dublin, Edinburgh, and London; M.D. Edinburgh, 1796; practised medicine in Dublin, 1797-9; I specialised in surgery; resident surgeon 1799-1813, and j visiting surgeon, 1813-41, of Steevens's Hospital, Dublin; professor of anatomy and surgery, 1804-36; an able operator; discoverer of Colles's fracture of the radius; published surgical treatises.
John Collet: '''John Collet''' ([[1725]]P-[[1780]]), painter; exhibited, J chiefly humorous pieces, 1721-80; his pictures pleasing to the popular taste and often engraved.
John Colleton: '''John Colleton''' ([[1548]]-[[1635]]), Roman catholic divine; educated at Lincoln College, Oxford, 1565, Louvain, and, 1576, Douay; priest on the English mission, 1576; prisoner in the Tower, 1581-4; exiled, 1684; returned to England, 1587; laboured in London and Kent; imprisoned, 1610; dean and vicar-general, 1623-6; urged the pope to sanction Prince Charles's marriage with Henrietta Maria, 1624; published polemical tracts.
Sir George Pomeroy Collet: '''Sir George Pomeroy Collet''' ([[1835]]-[[1881]]), major-general; an Irishman; educated at Sandhurst; ensign, 1852; border magistrate and surveyor in Cape Colony, 1857; captain, 1860; served in China; brevetmajor, 1863; professor at the Staff College, Sandhurst; lieutenant-colonel in Ashanti campaign, 1873; visited Natal and the Transvaal, 1875; secretary to the viceroy of India, 1876; chief of staff in Zulu war, 1879; K.O.S.I., 1879; major-general and governor of Natal, 1880; defeated by the Boers at Laing's Nek, January 1881; defeated and killed at Majuba Hill, 26 February 1881.
John Collet: '''John Collet''' (. [[1440]]), theological writer ; Carmelite friar of Doncnster.
Samuel Colliber: '''Samuel Colliber''' (fl. [[1718]]-[[1737]]), author ot Columna Rostrata a history of recent Dutch naval wars, 1727, and of theological tracts.
Arthur Collier: '''Arthur Collier''' ([[1680]]-[[1732]]), metaphysician ; of Balliol College, Oxford, 1698; rector of Langford Magna, Wiltshire, 1704-32; publishedClavis Universalis 1713, a metaphysical treatise, anticipating Berkeley's views, 'A Specimen of True Philosophy 1730, andLogology 1732; wrote inMist's Journal against Bishop Hoadly'a opinions, 1719.
Sir Francis Augustus Collier: '''Sir Francis Augustus Collier''' ([[1783]] 7-[[1849]]X rear-admiral; second son of Sir George Collier; entered navy, 1794; lieutenant, 1803; sent against Arab pirates in the Persian Gulf, 1819-20; rear-admiral, 1846.
Sir George Collier: '''Sir George Collier''' ([[1738]]-[[1795]]), vice-admiral: entered navy, 1751; commander, 1761; visited Paris and Brussels, 1773; knighted, 1775; senior officer at Halifax, Nova Scotia, 1776-9; inflicted great damage on American shipping, 1779; commanded ship at the relief of Gibraltar and captured Spanish frigate, 1781; M.P., Houiton, 1784; rear-admiral, 1793; vice-admiral, 1794.
Giles Collier: '''Giles Collier''' ([[1622]]-[[1678]]), author of sabbatical tracts; entered New Inn Hall, Oxford, 1638; MA., 1648; took the covenant, 1648; vicar of Blockley, Worcestershire, c. 1648 till death.
Jeremy Collier: '''Jeremy Collier''' ([[1650]]-[[1726]]), nonjuror ; educated at Ipswich and from 1669 at Oaius College, Cambridge; M.A., 1676; rector of Ampton, Suffolk, 1679-86; lecturer of Gray's Inn, London, 1685; published sermons, 1686-7, numerous pamphlets against William III, 1688-93, and essuya, 1694-7; publicly absolved on the scaffold two of those executed for the assassination plot, 1696; outlawed,

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Collier: '''Collier''' 263
Colli: '''Colli''' tfS but unmolested: publishedShort View of the Immorality and Profanenesa of the English Stage 1698, Cd re joinders to those who replied 1699-1708; minister of u London nonjuring congregation; published anHidcal Dictionary adapted from Louis Moreri, 1705-21, bU learnedEcclesiastical History of Great Britain i-ll; was ordained a nonjuring bishop, 1713; orlined nonjuriug bishop.*, 1716 and 1722; introduced a 9V (Romanising) communion office, and produced a among the nonjurore, 1718.
Joel Collier: '''Joel Collier''' (18th cent.), musician; pseudonym of GEOHQE Yi: i.; tenor-playeV at the Italian opera; slishedMusical Travels in England 1774, satirising Burney,(1726-1814), andJoel Collier iivivus 1818, satirising Jeau-Baptiste Logier.
John Collier: '''John Collier''' , 'TiM BOBBIN ' ([[1708]]-[[1786]]), author and painter; usher (1729) and master (1739-86) of Milnrow school, near Rochdale; painted grotesque figures for tap-room walls; published twenty-six grotesque engravings, 1772-3; under the nameTim Bobbin published satirical pieces in the Lancashire dialect, 1739-71, and two squibs directed against John Whitaker'sHistory of Maii.-liuster 1771-3.
John Payne Collier: '''John Payne Collier''' ([[1789]]-[[1883]]), Shakespearean critic: brought up at Leeds; reporter to Times London, iwiuI: barrister, Middle Temple, 1829; F.S.A., 1830; published anonymously satirical Criticisms on the Bar 1819; onMorning Chroniclestaff, 1821-47; published Poetical Decameron 1820, showing much knowledge of less-known Elizabethan poets; edited Old Plays supplementing those in Dodsley'scollection, 1826-7, 1833, and 186 1; forged ballads; falsified documents belonging to Dulwich College, the public records, and the Egerton (Bridgewater House) collection; published a History of English Dramatic Poetry 1831, and Facts and Particulars concerning Shakespeare, 1836-6 and 1839, largely utilising his forgeries; librarian to, and pensioner of, the Duke of Devonshire: edited papers for the Oainden Society, 1838-63, the Percy Society, 1840-4, and the Shakespeare Society, 1841-61; secretary to the British Museum commission, 1847-60; edited Roxburghe Ballads 1847, Registers of the StationersCompany 1848-9, and Thomas Hey wood's works, 1860-1; received a civil list pension, 1860; forged marginal corrections in a first folio of Shakespeare the Egerton folio before 1841, and in a second folio the Perkins folio) before 1852; brought out annotated editions of Shakespeare, 1842-4, 1858, and 1876-8, and a text of Shakespeare, 1853, based on these forgeries; published what he alleged to be Coleridge's (1811) lectures on Shakespeare, 1866; his Shakespeare forgeries exposed, 1859-61; edited Edmund Spenser's works, 1862; reprinted privately old pieces in prose and verse, 1863-71: published notes on rare English books, 1865; wrote also original verse and an autobiographical fragment.
Robert Porrett Collier: '''Robert Porrett Collier''' , first BARON MONKS-
Well: '''Well''' ([[1817]]-[[1886]]), judge; B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1843: a liberal in politics; barrister, Inner Temple, 1843; went on the western circuit; secured pardon of Brazilian pirates, 1846; recorder of Penzance; M.P., Plymouth, 1852-71; counsel to the admiralty, 1859; solicitor-general, 1863-6; attorney-general, 1868-71; made justice of common pleas, 1871, to qualify for the judicial committee of the privy council; created Baron Monkswell, 1886; landscape painter; published law treatises.
Thomas Collier: '''Thomas Collier''' (ft. [[1691]]), baptist ; owned land in Godalming, 1634; baptist preacher in Guernsey, in Yorkshire, 1646, and in the south and west of England; published polemical tracts, 1645-91.
Catherine Collignon: '''Catherine Collignon''' ([[1766]]-[[1832]]), translator of Jean-Baptiste Ladvocat'sHistorical Dictionary 1792; daughter of Charles Oollignou; benefactor of Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge.
Charles Collignon: '''Charles Collignon''' ([[1725]]-[[1786]]), physician; M.B. Trinity College, Cambridge, 1749; M.D., 1764; professor of anatomy, Cambridge, 1753-86; his Miscellaneous Writings published, 1786.
Charles Colling: '''Charles Colling''' ([[1751]]-[[1836]]), stockbreeder; occupied farm at Ketton, near Darlington, from 1782; greatly improved the breed of shorthorn cattle on the Tees and Skerne, and produced many celebrated animals, including the bull Hubback
Robert Colling: '''Robert Colling''' ([[1749]]-[[1820]]), stockbreeder; brother of Charles Colling: occupied farm at Barmpton, where he became a noted breeder of shorthorns.
John Collinges: '''John Collinges''' ([[1623]]-[[1690]]), presbyterian ; educated at Cambridge; presbyterian chaplain at Bures, Essex, 1645; intruded vicar of St. Saviour's, 1646-53, and of St. Stephen's, Norwich, 1653-60; D.D.; published controversial tracts, 1651-8, sermons and devotional tracts, 1650-2 and 1075-81; contributor to Matthew Poole's bible.
Peter Bernardine Coujngridge: '''Peter Bernardine Coujngridge''' ([[1757]]1829), Roman catholic prelate; born in Oxfordshire; Franciscan friar at Douay, 1770; president of Baddesley College, Birmingham, 1791; stationed in London; provincial, 1806; D.D.; titular bishop of Thespiw and coadjutor of the western district, 1807.
Samuel Gollings: '''Samuel Gollings''' (ft. [[1780]]-[[1790]] ?), painter and caricaturist; exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1784-9; designed caricatures engraved by Thomas Rowlandson; wrote verses.
John Collington: '''John Collington''' ([[1548]]-[[1635]]).
Outhbert Collingwood: '''Outhbert Collingwood''' , first BARON COLLING-
Wood: '''Wood''' ([[1750]]-[[1810]]), vice-admiral ; served on home stations, 1761-74; served at Bunker's Hill, 1776; lieutenant, 1775; served in West Indies, 1776-81, 1783-6, 1790-1; censured for petulance, 1777; lieutenant in Nelson's ship, 1778; wrecked 1781; commanded ship in battle of 1 June, 1794, and in the Mediterranean, 1795-7; did good service at Cape St. Vincent, 1797; blockaded Cadiz, 1797-8; rearadmiral, 1799; blockaded Brest, 1799-1805; vice-admiral, 1804; cruised off Cadiz, 1805; took command on Nelson's death at Trafalgar, October 1805; lost many of the prizes through neglecting Nelson's last order; raised to the peerage and pensioned; cruised off Spain, 1806-7: sent to the Dardanelles, 1807; cruised off Sicily, 1807-8; culpably missed a chance of destroying the Toulon fleet, 1808; blockaded Toulon, 1808-10; died at sea; buried in St. Paul's.
George Collingwood: '''George Collingwood''' (d. [[1716]]), Jacobite ; taken prisoner at Preston, executed at Liverpool.
Roger Collingwood: '''Roger Collingwood''' (. [[1513]]), mathematician; fellow of QueensCollege, Cambridge, 1497-1510; M.A., 1499; travelled, 1507-10; proctor, 1513.
Anthony Collins: '''Anthony Collins''' ([[1676]]-[[1729]]), deist ; educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge; friend of John Locke, 1703-4; published political tracts, 1707-10; attacked the first clause authority in controversies of faith) of the twentieth Article of Religion, 1709 and 1724; visited Holland, 1711 and 1713; published hisDiscourse of Freethinking 1713; ridiculed by Bentley and Swift; published Enquiry Concerning Human Liberty 1715, The Grounds of the Christian Religion 1724, and Literal Scheme of Prophecy 1726.
Arthur Collins: '''Arthur Collins''' ([[1690]] ?-[[1760]]), author of the Peerage; bookseller in London; published his Peerage of England one volume, 1709 (fourth edition, 1717), and 'Baronetage of England two volumes, 1720; revised issue of the Peerage three volumes, 1735 (second edition, 1741; supplement, 1750); pensioned; enlarged edition of the Peerage six volumes, 1756; published histories of noble families, 1732-56; the definitive edition of Collins'a Peerage by Sir Egerton Brydges (nine volumes), appeared in 1812, and that of the Baronetage (five volumes), by Wotton, in 1741.
Charles Allston Collins: '''Charles Allston Collins''' ([[1828]]-[[1873]]), painter and author; son of William Collins (1788-1847); a pre-Raphaelite; exhibited at the Royal Academy; published essays and novels.
Charles James Collins: '''Charles James Collins''' ([[1820]]-[[1864]]), sporting journalist in London; published burlesques ami novels.
David Collins: '''David Collins''' ([[1766]]-[[1810]]), colonial governor; lieutenant of marines, 1770; served at Bunker's Hill, 1776, and at the relief of Gibraltar, 1782; secretary with Arthur Phillip at Botany Bay, 1787-96; published Account of ... New South Wales 1798-1802; governor of Tasmania, 1804-10.

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Collins: '''Collins''' 264
Collinson: '''Collinson'''
Greenvile Collins: '''Greenvile Collins''' (fl. [[1679]]-[[1693]]), hydrographer: director of the coast survey of Great Britain, 1681-8; published Great Britain's Coasting Pilot 1693.
Hercules Collins: '''Hercules Collins''' ( d. [[1702]]), baptist minister at Wapping: published sermons and controversial tracts, 1680-96.
John Collins: '''John Collins''' (L [[1634]]), physician ; fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, 1598; M.D., 1608: fellow of the London College of Physicians, 1613; regius professor .of medicine, Cambridge, 1026-34.
John Collins: '''John Collins''' ([[1625]]-[[1683]]), mathematician ; bookseller's apprentice in Oxford; clerk in Prince Charles's kitchen: served at sea off Crete. 1642-9; mathematical teacher in London; published mathematical treatises, 1652-9; government clerk, 1660-72: F.R.S., 1667; published pamphlets on trade, 1680-2; his large scientific correspondence partly printed, 1712.
John Collins: '''John Collins''' ([[1632]]?-[[1687]]), congregational minister: taken as a boy to America; fellow of Harvard, c. 1649; chaplain in Monck's army, 1659-60: congregational minister in London; published sermons.
John Collins: '''John Collins''' ([[1725]]?-[[1759]]?), painter of Italian landscapes; scene-painter to various London theatres.
John Collins: '''John Collins''' ([[1741]]-[[1797]]), Shakespearean scholar ; educated at Eton and from 1759 at Queen's College, Oxford: B.C.L., 1766; curate of Ledbury, Herefordshire; defended Edward Capell against George Steevens, 1777; edited Capell'sNoteson Shakespeare, 1781; be came imbecile; died in penury.
John Collins: '''John Collins''' (d. [[1807]]), colonel: nicknamed 'King Collins; cadet in the Bengal army, 1769; major, 1794; lieutenant-colonel, 1796; resident at the court of Daulat Rao Sindhia, 1795-1803: envoy to Jeypore, 1799: resident at the Nawab of Oudh's court, Lncknow, 1804-7.
John Collins: '''John Collins''' (d. [[1808]]), actor and poet; son of a tailor at Bath; a staymaker; went on the stage at Bath: acted at Dublin, 1764; gave a popular vocal and anecdotal entertainment in London and the provinces, 17751793; published Scripscrapologia (verses), 1804, and contributed verses to the Birmingham Chronicle
Mortimer Collins: '''Mortimer Collins''' ([[1827]]-[[1876]]), man of letters ; son of a Plymouth solicitor; mathematical master in Guernsey, 1850-6; published verses, 1855 and 1860: wrote for periodicals: settled in Berkshire, 1862; published humorous novels, political squibs, essays.
Richard Collins: '''Richard Collins''' (d. [[1732]]), draughtsman of the Spalding Society; pupil of Michael Dahl
Richard Collins: '''Richard Collins''' ([[1755]]-[[1831]]), miniature painter in London; pupil of Jeremiah Meyer; exhibited, 1777-1818; retired to Pershore, Worcestershire, 1811; returned to London, 1828.
Samuel Collins: '''Samuel Collins''' ([[1576]]-[[1651]]), divine : born and educated at Eton; scholar of King's College, Cambridge, 1691; M.A., 1599; D.D., 1613; chaplain to archbishops Bancroft and Abbot; rector of Fen Ditton, Cambridgeshire (ejected 1643); sinecure rector of Milton, Cambridgeshire; provost of King's College, Cambridge, 1615; regius professor of divinity, Cambridge, 1617-51; prebendary of Ely, 1618; ejected by puritans from provostehip, 1645; published pamphlets against Bella r mine.
Samuel Collins: '''Samuel Collins''' ([[1619]]-[[1670]]), author of the Present State of Russia (published 1671): entered Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 1635; M.D. Padua, 1651; incorporated M.D. at Oxford, 1659; physician to the Czar of Russia at Moscow, 1660-9; died at Paris.
Samuel Collins: '''Samuel Collins''' ([[1617]]-[[1686]]), physician; educated at Eton; fellow of King's College, Cambridge, 1637; B.A., 1638; studied medicine at Leyden: M.D. Cambridge, 1648; intruded fellow of New College, Oxford, and incorporated as M.D., 1650; fellow of the London College of Physicians, 1651; practised in London.
Samuel Collins: '''Samuel Collins''' ([[1618]]-[[1710]]), comparative anatomist; fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; M.A., 1G42: travelled; M.D. Padua, 1654: incorporated M.D at Oxford, 1659, and at Cambridge, 1(73; fellow of the London College of Physicians, 1668, and president, 1695; practised in London; published A Systeine of Anatomy 1685.
Samuel Collins: '''Samuel Collins''' (.f. [[1760]]-[[1780]]), miniaturepainter,
Samuel Collins: '''Samuel Collins''' ([[1802]]-[[1878]]), ' the bard of Hale M oss; a Lancashire weaver and radical politician; publishedMiscellaneous Poems partly in the Lancashire dialect..
Thomas Collins: '''Thomas Collins''' ( ft . [[1615]]), author of "The Penitent Publican a devotional poem, 1610, andThe Teares of Lone a pastoral, 1615.
William Collins: '''William Collins''' ([[1721]]-[[1759]]), poet; son of a Chichester hatter; educated at Winchester; demy of Magdalen College, Oxford, 1741: B.A., 1743; published verses in theGentleman's Magazine 1739; published his Persian Eclogues 1742, and his Odes which take a very high rank among English lyrics, 1747; contributed some odes to Dodsley's Museum 1749; became imbecile; affectionately cared for by his sister; his collected works first published, 1766.
William Collins: '''William Collins''' (d. [[1793]]), modeller of basreliefs for chimney-pieces and reredoses; exhibited at the Incorporated Society of Artists, 1760-8.
William Collins: '''William Collins''' ([[1788]]-[[1847]]), landscape, portrait, and figure painter; exhibited, 1807-46; also etched: his paintings very popular, and many of them engraved; R.A., 1820.
William Lucas Colllns: '''William Lucas Colllns''' ([[1817]]-[[1887]]), miscellaneous writer: M.A. Jesus College, Oxford, 1841; vicar of Kilsby, 1867-73, and rector of Lowick, Northamptonshire, 1873-87; wrote popular monographs on great writers.

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William Wilkie Collins: '''William Wilkie Collins''' ( [[1824]]-[[1889]]), novelist; son of William Collins (1788-1847); articled to a firm of tea merchants in London; entered Lincoln's Inn, 1846, and was called to the bar, 1851: published Antonina 1850, and Rambles beyond Railways 1851; soon adopted the profession of literature: made acquaintance of Dickens; contributed toHousehold Wordsand the Holly Tree from 1855: collaborated with Dickens in Lazy Tour of Two Idle Apprentices and * Perils of certain English Prisoners 1857; contributed The Woman in White to All the Year Round 1860, and subsequently issued serial stories in this and other magazines, including 'Oornhilland Temple Bar; joined Dickens in writing No Thoroughfare 1867; gave public readings in United States, 1873-4. His works includeThe Dead Secret 1857,Armadale 1866,Moonstone 1868,The Two Destinies 1876, and several plays.
James Collinson: '''James Collinson''' ([[1825]]?-[[1881]]), painter; one of the pre-llaphaelites; embraced Roman Catholicism; exhibited at various institutions, 1847-80; wrote verse.
John Collinson: '''John Collinson''' ([[1757]] ?-[[1793]]), county historian : vicar of Clanfield, Oxfordshire: vicar of Long Ashtou, Somerset, 1787-93; publishedBeauties of British Antiquities 1779, andHistory... of Somerset 1791.
Peter Collinson: '''Peter Collinson''' ([[1694]]-[[1768]]), naturalist and antiquary; born near Windermere: a North American merchant; F.S.A.: F.R.S., 1728; correspondent of Benjamin Franklin; studied plants and insects; contributed to scientific journals.
Sir Richard Collinson: '''Sir Richard Collinson''' ([[1811]]-[[1883]]), admiral: entered the navy, 1823; employed on survey work on the South American coast, 1828, and in the China seas, 1840-6: captain, 1842; went through Behring Straits in search of Sir John Franklin, 1850-4; rear-admiral, 1862; admiral and K.O.B., 1876; wrote geographical papers,
Septimus Collinson: '''Septimus Collinson''' ([[1739]]-[[1827]]), provost of Queen's College, Oxford; M.A. Queen's College, Oxford, 1767; D.D., 1793: rector of Dowlish, Somerset, 1778, and of Holwell, Dorset, 1794; provost of Queen's College, 1796, and Lady Margaret professor of divinity, Oxford, 1798-1827. I
Coll: '''Coll''' iIS 265
Colquhoun: '''Colquhoun'''
John Day Collis: '''John Day Collis''' ([[1816]]-[[1879]]), author of classical school-books; educated at Rupby, 1832-4; fellow of Worcester College, Oxford, 1839-47: M.A., 1841: D.D., 1860; head-master of Bromsgrove school, 1842-67: vicar of Stratford-on-Avon, 1867-79.
John Collop: '''John Collop''' (ft. [[1660]]), royalist writer; M.D. ; published Poesis Rediviva 1666, being verses against the sectaries, a plea for religious toleration eutitled 'Medici Catholicon 1656, andItur (sic) Satyricum 1660, verses welcoming the Restoration.
Joseph Collyer: '''Joseph Collyer''' , the elder (d. [[1776]]), compiler and translator: published History of England 1774-5.
Joseph Collyer: '''Joseph Collyer''' , the younger ([[1748]]-[[1827]]), engraver: son of Joseph Collyer the elder; engraved chiefly ort rait-; a book illustrator: exhibited at the Royal Academy, 1770-1822.
Mary Collyer: '''Mary Collyer''' (d. [[1763]]), authoress ; nte Mitchell ; wife of Joseph Oollyer the elder; translated Oesner (1761 ) and Klopstock.
William Benoo Collyer: '''William Benoo Collyer''' ([[1782]]-[[1854]]), congregational minister; educated at Homertou College, 1798; minister at Peckbam, 1800-54; D.D. Edinburgh, 180; preacher at SaltersHall Chapel, 1813; published sermons, hymns, and tracts.
Colman: '''Colman''' of Oloyne, SAINT ([[522]]-[[600]]), known as MacLenin; commemorated on 24 Nov.; bard to the king of Cashel; converted to Christianity and named Colman (Columbanns); taught by St. Jarlath of Tuam; missionary in east Cork; settled at Oloyne.
Ela Colman: '''Ela Colman''' or ELO, SAINT ([[553]]-[[610]]), son of Beogua and Mor, sister of St. Columba; commemorated on 26 Sept.; born at Qlenelly, Tyrone; ordained presbyter at Hy (lona); founded Muckamore Abbey, Antrim, and Laud-Elo (now Lyually), King's County; visited lona.
Saint Colman: '''Saint Colman''' (d. [[676]]), bishop of Lindisfarue; commemorated on 8 Aug. in Ireland, and on 18 Feb. in Scotland; born in Mayo; monk at lona; bishop of Lindisfarue, 661; unsuccessfully defended Celtic usages against Wilfrith and the Roman party, 664; withdrew to lona, and thence (668) to Inishboftn island, Mayo.
George Colhan: '''George Colhan''' , the elder ([[1732]]-[[1794]]), dramatist ; born in Florence, where hifl father (d. 1733) was British envoy; nephew of William Pulteney, afterwards (1742) Earl of Bath: educated at Westminster; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1751: M.A., 1758; barrister, Lincoln's Inn, 1755; went on the Oxford circuit, 1759; joint-editor of The Connoisseur 1754-6; friend of David Garrick, 1758; successfully brought out a farce, his first dramatic piece, 1760; made his mark withThe Jealous Wife 1761; between 1762 and 1789 wrote or adapted some thirty dramatic pieces; inherited 945J. a year from the Earl of Bath, 1764; translated Terence, 1765; manager of Covent Garden Theatre, 1767-74; manager of Havmarket Theatre, 1777-89; edited Beaumont and Fletcher, 1778; translated Horace's Art of Poetry 1783; published miscellaneous essays, 1787; became insane.
George Colman: '''George Colman''' , the younger ([[1762]]-[[1836]]), dramatist; son of George Colman the elder; entered Westminster School, 1772, Christ Church, Oxford, 1779, and Aberdeen University, 1781; sent to London his first dramatic piece, 1782; returned to London; between 1784 and 1822 wrote or adapted some twenty-five dramatic pieces, the best known being The Heir at Law a comedy, 1797, andJohn Bull a comedy, 1803; manager of Haymarket Theatre, 1789-1813; published coarse comic poems, 1797-1820; showed great scrupulosity as examiner of plays, 1824-36; involved in litigation and debt; osed sometimes the pseudonym of Arthur Griffinhoofe; published Random Records an autobiography, 1830.
Walter Colman: '''Walter Colman''' (d. [[1645]]), poet; educated at Douay; an Observant friar; priest on the English mission; Imprisoned, 1641-5; published, c. 1632,La Dance Machabre
Dominic Paul Colnaghi: '''Dominic Paul Colnaghi''' ([[1790]]-[[1879]]), print dealer; son of Paul Colnaghi; chief partner in firm of Coluaghi i Co., London, 1833-65; collected ancient armour.
Colnaghi: '''Colnaghi''' or COLNAGO, PAUL ([[1751]]-[[1833]]), print dealer; born in Milan; Paris agent of Signer Torre, print dealer, of London; partner of Colnaghi & Co.; a naturali.-wl Englishman.
Philip Howard Colomb: '''Philip Howard Colomb''' ([[1831]]-[[1899]]), vice-admiral; entered navy, 1846; served in Burmese war, 1852; lieutenant, 1852; flag-lieutenant to Sir Thomas SaMiie Pasley, 1857, and later to (Sir) Thomas Matthew Charles Symonds: made reports to admiralty on day and night signals, and devised night system known as Colomb's Flashing Signals 1858; commander, 1863; post-captain, 1870; rear-admiral, 1887; vice-admiral, 1892; published numerous writings on naval and other subjects.
Colomies: '''Colomies''' or COLOMESITTS, PAUL ([[1638]]-[[1692]]), librarian; son of a physician at La Rochelle: educated at Summit- and Paris; visited Isaac Vossins in Holland, 1665; resided at La Rochelle, 1665-81; reader in Peter Allix's church; rector of Eynesford, Kent, 1687; naturalised, 1688; gave up librarianship of Lambeth Library, 1690; compiled Gallia Orientalis a bibliography of French orientalists, 1665; published epigrams, collections ofana historical tracts, and theological pieces, 1668-90; hisItalia et Hispania Orientalispublished 1730.
Adam De Colonia: '''Adam De Colonia''' ([[1634]]-[[1685]]), painter ; son of Adam Louisz de Colonia, a Rotterdam painter; painted cattle-pieces, village wakes, and conflagrations by night; etched; made copies of Bassano's pictures; settled in England; died in London.

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Lord Colonsay: '''Lord Colonsay''' ([[1793]]-[[1874]]). See MACNEILL,
Duncan: '''Duncan'''
John De Coloribtts: '''John De Coloribtts''' (. [[1525]]), Dominican friar ; a foreigner; D.D. Oxford, 1517; a protege of Wolsey: lectured at Oxford on theology; member of Wolsey'a Oxford college, 1525.
Colpoys: '''Colpoys''' Sm JOHN ([[1742]] ?-[[1821]]), admiral ; entered navy, 1766; served in West Indies, 1758-62, and in East Indies, 1770-4; aptaiii, 1773; commanded ship in West Indies, and in the Mediterranean, 1776-93; rear-admiral, 1794; on board the London at the mutiny at Spithead, 15 April 1797, and at St. Helens, 7 May; ordered by the admiralty to submit to the mutineers, 14 May; K.B., 1798; admiral, 1801; commander-in-chief at Plymouth, 1803; a lord of the admiralty, 1804; treasurer, 1806, and governor, 1816-21, of Greenwich Hospital.
Col: '''Col''' aUHOTJN, ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL- (d. [[1820]]), lord clerk register; son of John Campbell of Clatbick; took the name Colquhoun, 1804, on inheriting Killermont, Dumbartonshire; advocate, 1768; M.P., 1810-20: lord advocate, 1807-16; lord clerk register, 1816-20.
Janet Colqtjhotjn: '''Janet Colqtjhotjn''' , LADY ([[1781]]-[[1846]]), author of anonymous religious tracts (1822-39); nte Sinclair: married, 1799, James Colquhoun, afterwards (1805) third baronet, of Luss, Dumbartonshire.
John Colqtjhotjn: '''John Colqtjhotjn''' ([[1748]] - [[1827]]), theological writer; a Dumbartonshire shepherd: D.D.; studied at Glasgow; minister in South Leith, 1781-1827; published devotional tracts, 1813-18.
Col: '''Col''' aTJHOTJN, JOHN ([[1805]]-[[1885]]), writer on sport ; son of Janet, lady Colquhoun; educated at Edinburgh; army officer in Connaught, 1828; published The Moor and the Loch 1840, and similar works, 1849-74. (1785-1854),
John Campbell Colqtjhoun: '''John Campbell Colqtjhoun''' writer on psychical research; younger son of the second baronet of Luss: educated at Gbttingen; advocate at Scottish bar; sheriff -depute of Dumbartonshire, 1815-54: wrote onanimal magnetism 1833; translated part of Kant, 1806, and Wienholt's Somnambulism 1845.
John Campbell Colqtjhotjn: '''John Campbell Colqtjhotjn''' - ([[1803]]-[[1870]]), miscellaneous writer; eldest son of Archibald CampbellColquhoun; educated at Edinburgh; B.A. Oriel College, Oxford, 1823; M.P., 1832-47; published biographies and political and religious pamphlets.
Patrick Colqtjhotjn: '''Patrick Colqtjhotjn''' ([[1745]]-[[1820]]X metropolitan police magistrate (1792-1818): merchant in Virginia, and, 1766-89, in Glasgow; removed to London, 1789; hon. LL.D. Glasgow, 1797; published pamphlets on trade, liquor traffic, poor relief, and police questions,
Colquhou: '''Colquhou''' tf
Colvin: '''Colvin'''
Colqtthoun: '''Colqtthoun''' Sm PATRICK MACCHOMBAICH (1815-1891), diplomatist, author, and oarsman; educated at Westminster and St. John's College, Cambridge; M.A., I 1844; LL.D., 1851; honorary fellow, 1886; called to bar at Inner Temple. 1838: bencher, 1869, treasurer, 1888; Q.O., 1868; plenipotentiary to Hanse towns, 1840; aulic coun- ! cillor to king of Saxony, 1867; member of supreme court of justice in Ionian islands, 1858; knighted and appointed chief- justice of the court, 1861; secretary of the Leander boat club; published legal and other writings.
John Colson: '''John Colson''' ([[1680]]-[[1760]]), mathematician; entered Christ Church, Oxford, 1699; mathematical master at Rochester; F.R.S., 1713; vicar of Chalk, Kent, 17241740 M.A. Emmanuel College, Cambridge, 1728; Lucasian professor of mathematics, 1739; rector of Lockington, Yorkshire; published mathematical treatises and translations, 1726-52.
Lancelot Colson: '''Lancelot Colson''' (fl. [[1668]]), or OOKLSON, astrologer, of London; published almanacks, 1660-80; and a treatise on alchemy, Philosophia Maturata 1668.
Edward Colston: '''Edward Colston''' ([[1636]]-[[1721]]), philanthropist ; educated at Christ's Hospital, London; resided in Bristol, trading with the West Indies, 1683; resided at Mortlake, Surrey, 1689-1721; M.P., Bristol, 1710-13; founded and endowed almshousea and schools at Bristol, 1690-1712; founded school at Mortlake and an almshouse at Sheen; benefactor of poor benefices in England and of London hospitals: commemorated by the Colston banquets in Bristol.
John Colt: '''John Colt''' (fl. [[1618]]), sculptor ; probably son of Maximilian Colt
Colt: '''Colt''' or COULT, aliat POULTRAIN or POWTRAN,
Maximilian: '''Maximilian''' (fl. [[1600]]-[[1618]]), sculptor ; native of Arras ; carved monuments in Westminster Abbey, 1605-8; master carver to James 1, 1608; carved the decorations of court barges, 1611-24; prisoner in the Fleet, 1641.
Charles Caleb Colton: '''Charles Caleb Colton''' ([[1780]]?-[[1832]]), author of 4 Lacon (1820-2), two volumes of aphorisms; educated at Eton; M.A. King's College, Cambridge, 1804; nonresident rector of Prior's Portion, Tiverton, 1801, and vicar of Kew and Petersham, Surrey, 1818-28; wine merchant in London; bankrupt; withdrew to America: committed suicide; published satires, verses, essays, and sermons, 1809-22.
John Colton: '''John Colton''' (d. [[1404]]), archbishop of Armagh ; master of Gonville College, Cambridge, and doctor of canon law, 1348; rector of Terrington, Norfolk, 1350; prebendary of York; official in Ireland, raising troops against the natives, 1372; treasurer of Ireland, 1374 and 1381 dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin, 1374-82; chancellor of Ireland, 1379-1381; lord justice, 1381; archbishop of Armagh, 1382.
Colttmba: '''Colttmba''' otherwise COLUMCILLE or COLUMBANUS,
Saint: '''Saint''' ([[521]]-[[597]]), commemorated on 9 June ; son of Feldilmid, an Ulster chief; born at Gartan, Donegal; a pupil of St. Finnian; reclose at Glasnevin, near Dublin; built churches at Derry and other places; went to Scotland, 663; founded the monastery of Hy (lona) and preached to the Picts; received Aidan into his community, 674; visited Ireland, 575 and 585; his reliques translated to Ireland, 878, and destroyed by the Danes, 1127; several books believed to liave been written by him long venerated in Ireland; his life written by Adamnan
Saint Coltjmban: '''Saint Coltjmban''' ([[543]]-[[615]]), abbot of Luxeuil ; commemorated on 21 Nov.; born in Leinster; recluse at Lough Erne; wrote religious verses; monk under St. Oomgall at Bangor, co. Down; resided in Burgundy, 585-610; built monasteries at Anegray and (590) Luxeuil, Haute-SaOne, for which he drew up a monastic 4 rule afterwards common in France, till replaced by that of St. Benedict; quarrelled with the Frank bishops about Easter and the tonsure; expelled from Burgundy by Theodorik II, 610; befriended by Hlothair II of Soissons, and by Theodebert II of Metz, 611; preached to the heathen Alemanni and Suevi; settled at Bregenz in the Tyrol; founded the monastery of Bobbio, Piedmont, 613, and died there; his reputed writings edited by Patrick Fleming In 1621.

[edit] Section 300

Colvile: '''Colvile''' or COLDEWEL, GEORGE (fl. [[1566]]), translator of Boethius de Oonsolatione 1556.
Sir James William Colvile: '''Sir James William Colvile''' ([[1810]]-[[1880]]), judge ; of Oraigflower, Fifeshire; educated at Eton; M.A. Trinity College, CamtVidge, 1834; barrister of the Inner Temple, 1835; advocate-general at Calcutta, 1845; justice, 1848, and chief-justice, 1855-9, of Bengal; knighted, 1848; member of the judicial committee of the privy council, 1869-80.
Colvtll: '''Colvtll''' or COLVLLLE, ALEXANDER ([[1700]]-[[1777]]), Irish presbyterian minister; M.A. Edinburgh, 1715; studied medicine; licensed by presbytery of Cupar-Kife, 1722; refused ordination by presbytery of Armagh to the presbyterian pastorate of Dromore, 1724-5, for refusing subscription to Westminster Confession; ordained by presbytery of Dublin; joined himself and his followers to the expelled presbytery of Antrim, 1730; M.D.; raised troops for the government, 1745; published pamphlets and sermons.
Alexander Colville: '''Alexander Colville''' ([[1530]] ?-[[1697]]), Scottish judge; granted Oulross Abbey, 1567; opponent of Mary Queen of Scots; a lord of session, 1575-87 and 1587-97; served on various public commissions, 1578-92.
Alexander Colville: '''Alexander Colville''' ([[1620]]-[[1676]]), Scottish episcopalian; educated at Edinburgh; incumbent of Dysart, Fifeshire; professor at Sedan, France; died in Edinburgh; published pamphlets and verses against the presbyterians.
Sir Charles Colville: '''Sir Charles Colville''' ([[1770]]-[[1843]]), general; ensign, 1781; lieutenant-colonel, 1796; served in West Indies, 1791-7, against the Irish rebels, 1798, in Egypt, 1801, and against Martinique, 1809; commanded brigade, and afterwards division, in the Peninsula, 1810-14, and division in Belgium, 1815; K.C.B., 1815; lieutenant-general, 1819; commander-in-chief at Bombay, 1819-25; governor of Mauritius, 1828-34; general, 1837.
Elizabeth Colville: '''Elizabeth Colville''' , LADY OOLVILLR OF OUL-
Ros: '''Ros''' ( fl. [[1603]]), poetess ; nte Melville ; wife of John Oolvilie of Wester Cumbrae, who in 1640 became entitled to the barony of Oolvilie of Culros. but never claimed it; reputed authoress of a religious poem,Ane Godlie Dreame... be M.M. 1603, founded on a traditional 4 Lady of Culross's Dream
Sir James Colville: '''Sir James Colville''' (d. [[1540]] ?), diplomatist ; of Easter Wemyss; sat in the Scottish parliament, 1525-36: comptroller of Scotland, 1625-38: exchanged ancestral estate of Ochiltree for Easter Wemyss, 1629; knighted and made a lord of session, 1632; commissioner to England, 1533-4; charged with treason, 1539; withdrew to England; his estates forfeited, 1541, but restored, 1543. xi. 420J
John Colville: '''John Colville''' ([[1542]] ?-[[1605]]), Scottish politician ; of Oleish, Kinross-shire; M.A. St. Andrews, 1561; nonresident minister of Kilbride, Lanarkshire, 1567, of Oarmunnock, Lanarkshire, and of Eaglesham, Renfrewshire; chanter of Glasgow, 1569; master of requests, 1578; spy for Queen Elizabeth in Scotland; attached himself to the Gowrie faction J681; published justification of the 4 raid of Ruthven 1682; envoy to England. imprisoned, 1583, and expelled from his offices by parliament; restored, 1586; a lord of session, 1587, at once resigning; sat in the Scottish parliament. 1587; joined the Earl of Bethwell's faction, 1591; outlawed, 1593; pardoned on betraying his associates; renounced protestantism; visited Rome: died in Paris; published his Palinod 1600, an acknowledgment of James VI's title, and his 4 Paraenesis 1601, a justification of his conversion, and Latin verses and orations; some of his letters printed, 1858.
Colville: '''Colville''' or COLVILL, WILLIAM (d.' [[1676]]), Scottish divine; of Cleish, Kinross-shire; M.A. St. Andrews, 1617; minister in Edinburgh, 1635-48; envoy to France, but taken prisoner by Charles 1, 1640; deposed, 1649, for favouring the 4 engagement; minister at Utrecht; elected principal of Edinburgh University, 1652, but removed bv Cromwell, 1663; minister of Perth, 1664; principal of Edinburgh University, 1662-75; published sermons. C xi - 422
John Russell Colvin: '''John Russell Colvin''' ([[1807]]-[[1857]]), Indian official; in the East India Company's service in Bengal, 1826-35; private secretary to the governor-general, 1836
Colwal: '''Colwal''' L 267
Comptok: '''Comptok''' ident of Nepaul, 1845: commissioner in Tenasserini, is Ki; member of the Sudder revenue court, 1849; lieuti-iKint-governor of the north-west provinces, 1853; died at Agra.
Wall Col: '''Wall Col''' , DANIEL (d. [[1690]]), citizen of London ; F.K.S., l:i,;ni'l treasurer, 1C65-79: inaugurated the iOciety'K museum, 1666; benefactor of Christ's Hospital.
Sik David Colyear: '''Sik David Colyear''' , first EARL OF PORTMORK I, a scion of the Robertsons of Strowan, Perth;tiTf.l Duu-h service, 1674; served under Wil1 am III in Ireland (1689-90) and Flanders; married the Counter of Dorchester, mistress of James II; created IfciMiii 1'ortmore, 1699; major-general, 1702; created Earl of I'oi unore. 1703; served in Ormonde's futile expeditions to Spain, 1702, and Flanders, 1712; general, 1711; nongovernor of Gibraltar, 1713-30.
Thomas Colyngham: '''Thomas Colyngham''' (fl. [[1387]]), Cistercian monk ; graduate of Paris; theological writer.
Andrew Combe: '''Andrew Combe''' ([[1797]]-[[1847]]), physiologist and phrenologist; of a sickly constitution; qualified as a surgeon, 1817; studied anatomy in Paris, 1817; disciple of Johann Gaspar Spurzheim, 1818; practised medicine in Edinburgh, 1823-32, 1836-40; M.D. Edinburgh, 1825; contributed to medical journals; published popular health treatises, 1831-40; joined the Phrenological Society, 1820, and contributed to thePhrenological Journal 1823-46.
Charles Combe: '''Charles Combe''' ([[1743]]-[[1817]]), numismatist; son of a London apothecary; educated at Harrow; apothecary in London, 1768; F.S.A., 1771; helped William Hunter to collect coins from 1773; F.R.S., 1776; one of Hunter's trustees, 1783; M.D. Glasgow, 1783; accoucheur in London, 1784-1817: publishedIndex nummorum omnium Imperatorum, Augnstorum et Caesarum 1773, a catalogue of some coins in Hunter's collection, 1782, and other uumismatical tracts; edited Horace, 1792-3.
George Combe: '''George Combe''' ([[1788]]-[[1858]]), phrenologist ; son of an Edinburgh brewer; educated in Edinburgh; a lawyer's apprentice, 1804; writer to the signet, 1812; became a disciple of Spurzheim; retired from business, 1836; wrote in defence of phrenology, 1818-19; founded the Phrenological Society. 1820, and the Phrenological Journal 1823; lectured on phrenology in Edinburgh from 1822; published Elements of Phrenology 1824, and Essay on the Constitution of Man 1828; lectured in America, 1838-40, and Germany, 1842; published pamphlets on education and social ethics.
Taylor Combe: '''Taylor Combe''' ([[1774]]-[[1826]]), numismatist : son of Charles Combe: educated at Harrow and, 1791, Oriel College, Oxford; M.A., 1798; F.S.A., 1796; keeper of coins, 1803, and of antiquities, 1807-26, in the British Museum; F.R.S., 1806; published catalogues of Museum coins and antique marbles, 1814-26; contributed to 'Archaeologia
Thomas Combe: '''Thomas Combe''' ([[1797]]-[[1872]]), printer; son of a Leicestershire bookseller; connected with the Clarendon press, Oxford, from 1837; a leading benefactor of the church in Oxford.
William Combe: '''William Combe''' ([[1741]]-[[1823]]), author of 'Doctor Syntax; educated at Eton; eaid to have been at Oxford, . J760; travelled in France and Italy; lived extravagantly in London and (1768) in Bristol; nicknamed 'Count Combe withdrew to France, hopelessly in debt; returned to London; roamed about in the liberties of the Fleet, c. 1772 till death: compiled and translated travels and histories for the booksellers, 1774-1821; made a hit by The Diaboliad a satire on Simon, lord Irnlmm, 1776; issued similar metrical satires, 1777-84: published supposititious Letters 1777-85; published novels, 17841790; published political pamphlets, 1789-92, and was pensioned by Pitt, 1789-1806, as a government, writer; wrote letterpress for Boydell'sRiver Thames 1794-6, for Ackermann'sThames 1811,Westminster Abbey 1812,Oxford 1814, Cambridge 1815, and other illustrated works: contributed to the Times 1803-9; wrote letterpress for Thomas Rowlaudson's third volume of 'The Microcosm of London 1810, for his three Tours of Dr. Syntax 1812, 1820, and 1821, for hisDance of Death 1815-16, and Dance of Life," 1816, and for his Johnny Quae Genus 1822.
Thomas Comber: '''Thomas Comber''' ([[1575]]-[[1654]]), dean of scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, 1593; fellow, 1697; M.A., 1598; visited France; chaplain to James I: rector of Worplesdon, Surrey, 1615; D.D.; dean of Carlisle, 1629; master of Trinity, Cambridge, 1631; ejected by the parliament.
Thomas Comber: '''Thomas Comber''' ([[1645]]-[[1699]]), dean of Durham ; B.A. Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, 1663: M.A., 1666; rector of Stonegrave, Yorkshire, 1669; prebendary, 1677, and precentor, 1683, of York; D.D.; dean of Durham, 1691; published Companion to the Temple 16721676, and other treatises expository of the liturgy, 16751696, anti-Romanist treatises, 1673-95, and pamphlets in favour of William III, 1689-92.

Categories: Missing encyclopedic articles (biography)