List of invasive species
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of invasive species by country or region. A species is regarded as invasive if it has been introduced by human action to a location, area, or region where it did not previously occur naturally (i.e., is not native), becomes capable of establishing a breeding population in the new location without further intervention by humans and becomes a pest in the new location, threatening the local biodiversity.
The term invasive species refers to a subset of those species defined as introduced species, for which see List of introduced species.
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[edit] Africa
[edit] Southern Africa
[edit] Plants
- Australian wattles (Acacia species)
- Bramble (Rubus species)
- Bugweed (Solanum mauritianum)
- Castor oil plant (Ricinus communis)
- Eucalyptus or gum trees (Eucalyptus species)
- Hakea (Hakea species)
- Kariba weed (Salvinia molesta)
- Lantana (Lantana camara)
- Mauritius Thorn (Caesalpinia decapetala)
- Mesquite (Prosopis species)
- Mexican Poppy (Argemone mexicana)
- Parrot's Feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum)
- Pereskia (Pereskia aculeata)
- Pine (Pinus species)
- Prickly pear (Opuntia species)
- Queen of the Night Cactus (Cereus jamacaru)
- Syringa (Melia azedarach)
- Triffid weed (Chromolaena odorata)
- Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)
[edit] Asia
[edit] Philippines
[edit] Plants
[edit] Animals
[edit] Chordates
[edit] Amphibians
[edit] Birds
- Passer montanus, European Tree Sparrow
[edit] Fish
- Clarias batrachus
- Clarias gariepinus
- Cyprinus carpio
- Channa orientalis
- Channa striata
- Gambusia affinis, mosquitofish
- Poecilia latipinna, sailfin molly
- Poecilia reticulata, guppy
- Tilapia, various species (see Tilapia as exotic species)
[edit] Mammals
- Bubalus bubalis, Water buffalo
- Canis lupus familiaris, Feral dogs
- Felis silvestris catus, Feral cats
- Rattus norvegicus, Norway rat
[edit] Molluscs
[edit] Gastropods
- Achatina immaculata
[edit] Australasia
[edit] Australia
[edit] Plants
- African mustard (Brassica tournefortii)
- Alligator apple (Annona glabra)
- Alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides)
- Asparagus fern (Asparagus densiflorus)
- Bitou Bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera)
- Broomsedge (Andropogon virginicus)
- Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)
- Foxtail brome (Bromus rubens)
- Giant cane (Arundo donax)
- Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii)
- Lantana (Lantana camara)
- Madeira vine (Anredera cordifolia)
- Prickly pear (Opuntia spp.)
- Patterson's Curse (Echium plantagineum)
- Shoebutton Ardisia (Ardisia elliptica)
- Sweet Acacia (Acacia farnesiana)
- Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
- Wild Tobacco (Solanum mauritianum)
[edit] Animals
[edit] Molluscs
- Asian mussel (Musculista senhousia)
- Common white snail (Cernuella virgata) [1]
[edit] Arthropods
[edit] Insects
- Crazy ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes)
- Africanized bee (Apis mellifera scutellata)
- Sweet potato whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)
- Cactus Moth (Cactoblastis cactorum)
- Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata)
- Argentine ant (Linepithema humile)
- Coconut rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros)
- Elm leaf beetle (Pyrrhalta luteola)
- Cane Beetle (Dermolepida albohirtum)
[edit] Chordates
[edit] Amphibians
- Cane Toad (Bufo marinus)
[edit] Birds
- Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis)
- House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)
- Red-vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus cafer)
- Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
[edit] Mammals
- Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
- Camel (Camelus dromedarius)
- Goat (Capra hircus)
- African Wild Ass (Equus asinus)
- Feral cat (Felis silvestris catus)
- House mouse (Mus musculus)
- Rabbit (Oryctolagus cunicularis)
- Polynesian Rat (Rattus exulans)
- Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes)
- Cow (Bos Taurus)
- Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
- Burro (Equus asinus)
- Horse (Equus caballus)
- Black rat (Rattus rattus)
- Chicken (Gallus gallus)
- Pig (Sus scrofa domestica)
[edit] Echinoderms
- Japanese starfish (Asterias amurensis)
[edit] Fungi and pathogens
- Frog chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis)
[edit] New Zealand
[edit] Plants
- Boneseed
- Broom
- Gorse
- Heather
- Kahili Ginger
- Old man's beard
- Pampas Grass
- Ragworts
- Rhododendron ponticum
- Wandering Jew
[edit] Animals
[edit] Chordates
[edit] Mammals
[edit] Fish
[edit] Europe
[edit] Plants
- desert false indigo (Amorpha fruticosa)
- Australian swamp stonecrop - (Crassula helmsii)
- Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)
- Canadian pondweed (Elodea canadensis)
- Caulerpa racemosa - grape caulerpa
- Caulerpa taxifolia; usually referring to the Mediterranean caulerpa clone (1)
- Heracleum mantegazzianum - Giant Hogweed in the UK
- Honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)
- Hottentot Fig (Carpobrotus edulis)
- Hydrocotyle ranunculoides - Floating Pennywort in the UK
- Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera)
- Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica)
- Parrot feather - Myriophyllum aquaticum.
- Rhododendron ponticum
- Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus); in Scandinavia ([3])
- Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
[edit] Animals
[edit] Arthropods
[edit] Crustaceans
- Red king crab spreading south from northwest Russia
- American lobster (Homarus americanus) in Scandinavian waters
- Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
- Louisiana crawfish
- Signal Crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus)
- Virile crayfish (Orconectes virilis)
- Orconectes limosus
- Procambarus clarkii
[edit] Insects
- Colorado beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata)
- Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis)
[edit] Chordates
[edit] Birds
- Canada Goose (Branta canadensis)
- Bar-headed Goose (Anser indicus)
- Swan Goose (Anser cygnoides]
- Egyptian Goose (Alopochen aegyptiacus)
- Ruddy Duck (Oxyura jamaicensis)
- Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri)
- Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus)
- House Crow (Corvus splendens)
[edit] Mammals
- American Mink (Mustela vison)
- Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)
- Coypu (Myocastor coypus)
- Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus)
- Brown Rat (Rattus norvegicus)
- Black Rat (Rattus rattus)
- Grey Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)
- Reeves's Muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi)
[edit] Reptiles
- Red-eared slider (Trachemys scripta (elegans))
[edit] Molluscs
- American jack-knife clam (Ensis directus)
- Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha); problem in Swedish lake Mälaren
- Crassostrea gigas
- New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum)
- Stalked Sea Squirt (Styela clava)
- Common slipper shell (Crepidula fornicata)
- Red-rimmed melania (Melanoides tuberculatus)
- Ferrissia wautieri
[edit] Platyhelminthes
- New Zealand flatworm (Arthurdendyus triangulatus)
- Australian flatworm (Australoplana sanguinea)
[edit] Pathogens
- Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma ulmi)
[edit] North America
[edit] Plants
- Air-potato (Dioscorea bulbifera)
- Amur honeysuckle or Bush honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii)
- Australian pine (Casuarina equisetifolia)
- Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata)
- Blackberry (Rubus armeniacus)
- Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius)
- Brazilian waterweed (Egeria densa)
- Caulerpa (Caulerpa taxifolia); usually referring to the Mediterranean clone
- Camphor laurel (Cinnamomum camphora)
- Chinaberry (Melia azedarach)
- Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense)
- Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum)
- Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica)
- Common broom (Cytisus scoparius)
- Common reed (Phragmites australis; also native, but European subspecies invasive1
- Cosmos sulphureus
- Cotton thistle (Onopordum acanthium)
- Coral ardisia (Ardisia crenata)
- Curly-leaf pondweed
- Diffuse knapweed (Centaurea diffusa)
- Dog-strangling vine (Cynanchum rossicum, also Cynanchum louisae)
- Downy brome, Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum)
- English ivy (Hedera helix)
- Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum)
- Flowering rush (Butomus umbellatus)
- Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata)
- Giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum)
- Giant reed (Arundo donax)
- Giant salvinia (Salvinia molesta)
- Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata)
- Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica)
- Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum)
- Japanese climbing fern (Lygodium japonicum)
- Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata)
- Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula)
- Melaleuca (Melaleuca quinquenervia)
- Mile-a-minute weed (Polygonum perfoliatum)
- Mimosa (Mimosa pudica)
- Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora)
- Musk thistle (Carduus nutans)
- Natal grass (Rhynchelytrum repens)
- Old World climbing fern (Lygodium microphyllum)
- Orange Hawkweed (Hieracium aurantiacum)
- Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana)
- Phragmites (Phragmites australis)
- Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)
- Russian knapweed (Acroptilon repens)
- Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia)
- Saltcedar (Tamarix spp.)
- Scotch Broom (Cytisus scoparius)
- Silk-tree]] (Albizia julibrissin)
- Skunk vine (Paederia foetida)
- Smooth Cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora; invasive mainly on the West Coast)
- Spotted knapweed (Centaurea beibersteinii or Centaurea maculosa)
- Torpedo grass (Panicum repens)
- Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima)
- Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum)
- Water caltrop (Trapa natans)
- Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)
- Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)
- Wild taro (Colocasia esculenta)
- Witchweed (Striga asiatica)
- Yellow star thistle (Centaurea solstitialis)
[edit] Insects
- Africanized honeybee (Apis mellifera scutellata)
- Argentine ant (Linepithema humile)
- Asian long-horned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis)
- Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus)
- Cactus moth (Cactoblastis cactorum)
- Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis)
- European gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar)
- Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus)
- Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae)
- Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica)
- Red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta)
[edit] Aquatic arthropods
- European green crab (Carcinus maenas)
- Chinese mitten crab (also known as the Shanghai hairy crab)
- Spiny water flea ("Bythotrophes cederstroemi")
[edit] Aquatic mollusks
- Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha)
- Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea)
- Chinese mystery snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis
- New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum)
- Veined rapa whelk (Rapana venosa)
- Ampullariidae (apple snail)
- Bithynia tentaculata (faucet snail)
[edit] Fish
- Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
- Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus)
- Bighead carp
- Eurasian ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus)
- Flathead catfish (Pylodictus olivaris)
- Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes
- Northern Snakehead (Channa argus)
- Round goby (Neogobius melanostomus)
- Silver carp
- Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
[edit] Reptiles and amphibians
[edit] Birds and mammals
- Coypu or Nutria (Myocastor coypus)
- European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
- House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)
- Wild Boar (Sus scrofa)
- Mute Swan
- Rock Pigeon (Columba livia)
[edit] Pathogens
- Chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica)
- Dutch elm disease (Ophiostoma ulmi)
- Exotic Newcastle disease (Paramyxovirus)
- Fowlpox (Avipoxvirus)
- Plum pox (Potyviruses: Potyviridae)
- Soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi, Phakopsora meibomiae)
- Sudden Oak Death (Phytophthora ramorum)
- West Nile virus (Flavivirus)
- Whirling Disease (Myxobolus cerebralis)
[edit] Others
- Varroa mite (Varroa destructor)
- Earthworms, several species (lumbricid)
- Didymosphenia geminata (didymo, rock snot)
[edit] Hawaii
[edit] Insects
- Quadratichus erythrinae, a parasitic wasp on the wiliwili
- Pristomerus hawaiiensis, Calliephialtes grapholithae (Ichneumonidae) and Euderus metallicus (Eulophidae), Diadegma blackburni, another ichneumonid - previously introduced as biocontrol agents[3]
