List of Prime Ministers of France

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Contents

[edit] Early Modern France

[edit] Chief Ministers of the French Kings

Louis XIV ruled without a chief minister after Mazarin's death. After Louis' death, his nephew Philip II, Duke of Orléans, regent for Louis XV, directed the government in person before he appointed a prime minister in 1718.

With Fleury's death, Louis XV, like his great-grandfather, announced that he was taking control of policy into his own hands. Later in his reign, he would once again appoint ministers to direct affairs on his behalf, a practice which would continue under his successor:

[edit] First French Republic (1792-1804)

During the First French Republic periods the arrangements for the direction of the government of France changed frequently and there was no office of Prime Minister. See the relevant article for details.

[edit] First French Empire (1804-1815)

During the First French Empire periods the arrangements for the direction of the government of France changed frequently and there was no office of Prime Minister. See the relevant article for details.

[edit] Bourbon Restoration (1815-1830)

[edit] Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord,
Prince de Benevente		 July 9, 1815 September 26, 1815
Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu (1st time) September 26, 1815 December 29, 1818
Jean-Joseph, Marquis Dessolles December 29, 1818 November 19, 1819
Élie, Comte Decazes November 19, 1819 February 20, 1820 Constitutionnals
Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu (2nd time) February 20, 1820 December 14, 1821
Jean-Baptiste de Villèle December 14, 1821 January 4, 1828 Ultra-royalists
Jean-Baptiste Gaye, Vicomte de Martignac January 4, 1828 August 8, 1829
Jules, Prince de Polignac August 8, 1829 July 29, 1830

[edit] July Monarchy (1830-1848)

[edit] Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Position vacant July 29, 1830 August 13, 1830
Victor, duc de Broglie (1st time) August 13, 1830 November 2, 1830 Parti de l'Ordre (Orléanist) = centre
Jacques Laffitte November 2, 1830 March 13, 1831 Parti du Mouvement (Parliamentary monarchist) = centre-left
Casimir Pierre Perier March 13, 1831 May 16, 1832 Parti de la Résistance (conservative Orléanist) = centre-right
Position vacant May 16, 1832 October 11, 1832
Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, Duc de Dalmatie (1st time) October 11, 1832 July 18, 1834
Etienne-Maurice, Comte Gérard July 18, 1834 November 10, 1834
Hugues Maret, Duc de Bassano November 10, 1834 November 18, 1834
Edouard Mortier, Duc de Treviso November 18, 1834 March 12, 1835
Victor, duc de Broglie (2nd time) March 12, 1835 February 22, 1836 Parti de l'Ordre (Orléanist) = centre
Adolphe Thiers (1st time) February 22, 1836 September 6, 1836 Parti du Mouvement (Parliamentary monarchist) = centre-left
Louis, Comte Molé (1st time) September 6, 1836 March 31, 1839 Parti de la Résistance (conservative Orléanist) = centre-right
Position vacant March 31, 1839 May 12, 1839
Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, Duc de Dalmatie (2nd time) May 12, 1839 March 1, 1840
Adolphe Thiers (2nd time) March 1, 1840 October 29, 1840 Parti du Mouvement (Parliamentary monarchist) = centre-left
Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, Duc de Dalmatie (3rd time) October 29, 1840 September 19, 1847
François Guizot September 19, 1847 February 23, 1848 Parti de l'Ordre (Orléanist) = centre
Louis, Comte Molé (2nd time) February 23, 1848 February 24, 1848 Parti de la Résistance (conservative Orléanist) = centre-right

[edit] Second French Republic (1848-1852)

[edit] Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure February 24, 1848 May 9, 1848
François Arago May 10, 1848 June 24, 1848
Louis-Eugène Cavaignac June 28, 1848 December 20, 1848 Republicans
Odilon Barrot December 20, 1848 October 31, 1849 Order Party
Alphonse Henri, comte d'Hautpoul October 31, 1849 April 10, 1851
Léon Faucher April 10, 1851 October 26, 1851
Position vacant October 26, 1851 December 2, 1852

[edit] Second French Empire (1852-1870)

[edit] Cabinet Chiefs

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Position vacant December 2, 1852 December 27, 1869
Émile Ollivier December 27, 1869 August 9, 1870
Charles Cousin-Montauban,
Comte de Palikao		 August 9, 1870 September 4, 1870

[edit] Third French Republic (1870-1940)

[edit] President of the Government of National Defense

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Louis Jules Trochu September 4, 1870 January 18, 1871 Military

[edit] Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Jules Dufaure (1st time) February 19, 1871 May 24, 1873 Parliamentary Monarchist
Albert, duc de Broglie (1st time) May 25, 1873 May 22, 1874 Monarchist
Ernest Courtot de Cissey May 22, 1874 March 10, 1875 Conservative
Louis Buffet March 10, 1875 February 23, 1876 Monarchist
Jules Dufaure (2nd time) February 23, 1876 December 12, 1876 Parliamentary Monarchist
Jules Simon December 12, 1876 May 17, 1877 Moderate Republican
Albert, duc de Broglie (2nd time) May 17, 1877 November 23, 1877 Monarchist
Gaëtan de Rochebouët November 23, 1877 December 13, 1877 Military
Jules Dufaure (3rd time) December 13, 1877 February 4, 1879 Parliamentary Monarchist
William Waddington February 4, 1879 December 28, 1879 Conservative Republican
Charles de Freycinet (1st time) December 28, 1879 September 23, 1880 Opportunist Republican
Jules Ferry (1st time) September 23, 1880 November 14, 1881 Left Republican
Léon Gambetta November 14, 1881 January 30, 1882 Opportunist Republican
Charles de Freycinet (2nd time) January 30, 1882 August 7, 1882 Opportunist Republican
Charles Duclerc August 7, 1882 January 29, 1883 Left Republican
Armand Fallières January 29, 1883 February 21, 1883 Radical Party
Jules Ferry (2nd time) February 21, 1883 April 6, 1885 Left Republican
Henri Brisson (1st time) April 6, 1885 January 7, 1886 Radical Socialist Party
Charles de Freycinet (3rd time) January 7, 1886 December 16, 1886 Opportunist Republican
René Goblet December 16, 1886 May 30, 1887 Radical Party
Maurice Rouvier (1st time) May 30, 1887 December 12, 1887 Opportunist Republican
Pierre Tirard (1st time) December 12, 1887 April 3, 1888 Left Republican
Charles Floquet April 3, 1888 February 22, 1889 Radical Party
Pierre Tirard (2nd time) February 22, 1889 March 17, 1890 Left Republican
Charles de Freycinet (4th time) March 17, 1890 February 27, 1892 Opportunist Republican
Émile Loubet February 27, 1892 December 6, 1892 Left Republican
Alexandre Ribot (1st time) December 6, 1892 April 4, 1893 Moderate Republican
Charles Dupuy (1st time) April 4, 1893 December 3, 1893 Left Republican
Jean Casimir-Perier December 3, 1893 May 30, 1894 Left Republican
Charles Dupuy (2nd time) May 30, 1894 January 26, 1895 Left Republican
Alexandre Ribot (2nd time) January 26, 1895 November 1, 1895 Moderate Republican
Léon Bourgeois November 1, 1895 April 29, 1896 Radical Party
Jules Méline April 29, 1896 June 28, 1898 Moderate Republican
Henri Brisson (2nd time) June 28, 1898 November 1, 1898 Radical Party
Charles Dupuy (3rd time) November 1, 1898 June 22, 1899 Left Republican
René Waldeck-Rousseau June 22, 1899 June 7, 1902 Republican Union
Émile Combes June 7, 1902 January 24, 1905 Radical Party
Maurice Rouvier (2nd time) January 24, 1905 March 12, 1906 Opportunist Republican
Ferdinand Sarrien March 12, 1906 October 25, 1906 Radical Party
Georges Clemenceau (1st time) October 25, 1906 July 24, 1909 Radical Party
Aristide Briand (1st time) July 24, 1909 March 2, 1911 French Section of the Workers' International
Ernest Monis March 2, 1911 June 27, 1911 Radical Socialist Party
Joseph Caillaux June 27, 1911 January 21, 1912 Radical Party
Raymond Poincaré (1st time) January 21, 1912 January 21, 1913 Progressive Republican Party
Aristide Briand (2nd time) January 21, 1913 March 22, 1913 French Section of the Workers' International
Louis Barthou March 22, 1913 December 9, 1913 Left Republican
Gaston Doumergue (1st time) December 9, 1913 June 9, 1914 Radical Socialist Party
Alexandre Ribot (3rd time) June 9, 1914 June 13, 1914 Moderate Republican
René Viviani June 13, 1914 October 29, 1915 Republican Socialist Party
Aristide Briand (3rd time) October 29, 1915 March 20, 1917 Republican Socialist Party
Alexandre Ribot (4th time) March 20, 1917 September 12, 1917 Moderate Republican
Paul Painlevé (1st time) September 12, 1917 November 16, 1917 Republican Socialist Party
Georges Clemenceau (2nd time) November 16, 1917 January 20, 1920 Radical Party
Alexandre Millerand January 20, 1920 September 24, 1920 Republican Socialist Party
Georges Leygues September 24, 1920 January 16, 1921 Left Republican
Aristide Briand (4th time) January 16, 1921 January 15, 1922 Republican Socialist Party
Raymond Poincaré (2nd time) January 15, 1922 June 8, 1924 Progressive Republican Party
Frédéric François-Marsal June 8, 1924 June 15, 1924 National Republican Party
Édouard Herriot (1st time) June 15, 1924 April 17, 1925 Radical Party
Paul Painlevé (2nd time) April 17, 1925 November 28, 1925 Republican Socialist Party
Aristide Briand (5th time) November 28, 1925 July 20, 1926 Republican Socialist Party
Édouard Herriot (2nd time) July 20, 1926 July 23, 1926 Radical Party
Raymond Poincaré (3rd time) July 23, 1926 July 29, 1929 Progressive Republican Party
Aristide Briand (6th time) July 29, 1929 November 2, 1929 Republican Socialist Party
André Tardieu (1st time) November 2, 1929 February 21, 1930 Left Republican
Camille Chautemps (1st time) February 21, 1930 March 2, 1930 Radical Socialist Party
André Tardieu (2nd time) March 2, 1930 December 13, 1930 Left Republican
Théodore Steeg December 13, 1930 January 27, 1931 Radical Socialist Party
Pierre Laval (1st time) January 27, 1931 February 20, 1932 National Block
André Tardieu (3rd time) February 20, 1932 June 3, 1932 Left Republican
Édouard Herriot (3rd time) June 3, 1932 December 18, 1932 Radical Party
Joseph Paul-Boncour December 18, 1932 January 31, 1933 French Section of the Workers' International
Édouard Daladier (1st time) January 31, 1933 October 26, 1933 Radical Socialist Party
Albert Sarraut (1st time) October 26, 1933 November 26, 1933 Radical Socialist Party
Camille Chautemps (2nd time) November 26, 1933 January 30, 1934 Radical Socialist Party
Édouard Daladier (2nd time) January 30, 1934 February 9, 1934 Radical Socialist Party
Gaston Doumergue (2nd time) February 9, 1934 November 8, 1934 Radical Socialist Party
Pierre Étienne Flandin November 8, 1934 June 1, 1935 Democratic Republican Alliance
Fernand Bouisson June 1, 1935 June 7, 1935 Independent Socialist
Pierre Laval (2nd time) June 7, 1935 January 24, 1936 National Block
Albert Sarraut (2nd time) January 24, 1936 June 4, 1936 Radical Socialist Party
Léon Blum (1st time) June 4, 1936 June 22, 1937 French Section of the Workers' International/Popular Front
Camille Chautemps (3rd time) June 22, 1937 March 13, 1938 Radical Socialist Party/Popular Front
Léon Blum (2nd time) March 13, 1938 April 10, 1938 French Section of the Workers' International/Popular Front
Édouard Daladier (3rd time) April 10, 1938 March 21, 1940 Radical Socialist Party
Paul Reynaud March 21, 1940 June 16, 1940 Democratic Republican Alliance
Philippe Pétain June 16, 1940 July 11, 1940 Military

[edit] French State (1940-1944)

[edit] Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Philippe Pétain July 11, 1940 April 18, 1942
Pierre Laval (3rd time) April 18, 1942 August 17, 1944

[edit] Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944-1947)

[edit] Chairmen of the Provisional Government

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Charles de Gaulle June 3, 1944 January 26, 1946 Non-party
Félix Gouin January 26, 1946 June 24, 1946 French Section of the Workers' International
Georges Bidault June 24, 1946 November 28, 1946 Popular Republican Movement
Vincent Auriol (interim) November 28, 1946 December 16, 1946 French Section of the Workers' International
Léon Blum December 16, 1946 January 16, 1947 French Section of the Workers' International

[edit] Fourth French Republic (1947-1958)

[edit] Presidents of the Council of Ministers

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Paul Ramadier January 22, 1947 November 24, 1947 French Section of the Workers' International
Robert Schuman (1st time) November 24, 1947 July 24, 1948 Popular Republican Movement
André Marie July 24, 1948 September 2, 1948 Radical Socialist Party
Robert Schuman (2nd time) September 2, 1948 September 11, 1948 Popular Republican Movement
Henri Queuille (1st time) September 11, 1948 October 28, 1949 Radical Socialist Party
Georges Bidault October 28, 1949 July 2, 1950 Popular Republican Movement
Henri Queuille (2nd time) July 2, 1950 July 12, 1950 Radical Socialist Party
René Pleven (1st time) July 12, 1950 March 10, 1951 Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance
Henri Queuille (3rd time) March 10, 1951 August 11, 1951 Radical Socialist Party
René Pleven (2nd time) August 11, 1951 January 20, 1952 Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance
Edgar Faure (1st time) January 20, 1952 March 8, 1952 Radical Socialist Party
Antoine Pinay March 8, 1952 January 8, 1953 National Centre of Independents and Peasants
René Mayer January 8, 1953 June 28, 1953 Radical Party
Joseph Laniel June 28, 1953 June 19, 1954 National Centre of Independents and Peasants
Pierre Mendès-France June 19, 1954 February 17, 1955 Radical Socialist Party
Christian Pineau (acting) February 17, 1955 February 23, 1955 Radical Socialist Party
Edgar Faure (2nd time) February 23, 1955 February 1, 1956 Radical Socialist Party
Guy Mollet February 1, 1956 June 13, 1957 French Section of the Workers' International
Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury June 13, 1957 November 6, 1957 Radical Socialist Party
Félix Gaillard November 6, 1957 May 14, 1958 Radical Socialist Party
Pierre Pflimlin May 14, 1958 June 1, 1958 Popular Republican Movement
Charles de Gaulle June 1, 1958 January 8, 1959 Union for the New Republic

[edit] Fifth French Republic (1958-Present)

[edit] Prime Ministers

Name Term start Term end Political Party
Michel Debré January 8, 1959 April 14, 1962 Union for the New Republic
Georges Pompidou April 14, 1962 July 10, 1968 Union for the New Republic
Maurice Couve de Murville July 10, 1968 June 20, 1969 Union of Democrats for the Republic
Jacques Chaban-Delmas June 20, 1969 April 5, 1973 Union of Democrats for the Republic
Pierre Messmer April 5, 1973 May 27, 1974 Union of Democrats for the Republic
Jacques Chirac (1st time) May 27, 1974 August 26, 1976 Union of Democrats for the Republic
Raymond Barre August 26, 1976 May 21, 1981 Union for French Democracy
Pierre Mauroy May 21, 1981 July 17, 1984 Socialist Party
Laurent Fabius July 17, 1984 March 20, 1986 Socialist Party
Jacques Chirac (2nd time) March 20, 1986 May 10, 1988 Rally for the Republic
Michel Rocard May 10, 1988 May 15, 1991 Socialist Party
Édith Cresson May 15, 1991 April 2, 1992 Socialist Party
Pierre Bérégovoy April 2, 1992 March 29, 1993 Socialist Party
Édouard Balladur March 29, 1993 May 18, 1995 Rally for the Republic
Alain Juppé May 18, 1995 June 3, 1997 Rally for the Republic
Lionel Jospin June 3, 1997 May 6, 2002 Socialist Party
Jean-Pierre Raffarin May 6, 2002 May 31, 2005 Liberal Democracy (until 2002), Union for a Popular Movement (from 2002)
Dominique de Villepin May 31, 2005 May 17, 2007 Union for a Popular Movement
François Fillon May 17, 2007 Incumbent Union for a Popular Movement

[edit] See also

[edit] External links