Lan-nang

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Lan-nang Lân-lâng-oé; 咱人話/咱儂話
Spoken in:	Philippines
Region:	Metro Manila, Angeles, Cebu, Bacolod, Vigan, Naga, Ilagan, and in various communities in the Philippines where Chinese people live.
Total speakers:	592,200 (98.7% of all Chinese in the Philippines)
Ranking:	21 (Min Nan as a group)
Language family:	Sino-Tibetan  Chinese   Min    Min Nan     Amoy      Lan-nang
Language codes
ISO 639-1:	zh
ISO 639-2:	chi (B)	zho (T)
ISO 639-3:	nan
Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode.

Lan-nang, or more properly known as 'Lan-nang-ōe' (咱人話, also 咱儂話), is the Philippine variant of Min Nan, also known as Southern Fujianese or Hokkien. The name lan-nang-ōe means 'our (lán) people's (lâng) language (oé)'. Its mother dialect is the Amoy dialect of Xiamen, China. Lan-nang is spoken among the Chinese residing in the Philippines. It is characterized by borrowings from Tagalog, Spanish, and Cantonese languages. It is also known by its heavy usage of words which are considered as colloquial or localized forms found in dialects from Amoy and Choan-Chiu. About 592,200 people, or 98.7% of all Chinese in the Philippines speak it as their mother language. ^[1] Although Lan-nang is not recognized in the linguistic academe, in this article, however, it is treated as a variant of the Amoy dialect, and not as a dialect, per se.

Contents 1 Phonetics 1.1 Initials 1.2 Finals 1.3 Tones 2 Sample phrases 3 Geographic Spread 4 Uniqueness 5 See also 6 Notes

[edit] Phonetics

In some situations, Lan-nang is written in the Latin alphabet. With the direction of the Chinese Congress on World Evangelization-Philippines, an international organization of Overseas Chinese Christian churches around the world, romanization of Lan-nang is leaning highly on the Peh-oe-ji system.

[edit] Initials

b, ch, chh, g, h, j, k, kh, l, m, n, ng, p, ph, s, t, th

[edit] Finals

• Vowels: a, i, u, e, o, o͘
• Diphthongs: ai, au, ia, iu, io, ui, oa, oe
• Triphthongs: iau, oai
• Nasals: m, n, ng

[edit] Tones

Tones are expressed by diacritics; checked syllables (i.e. those ending with glottal stops) are followed by the letter h. Where diacritics are not technically available, e.g. on some parts of the internet, tone numbers may be used instead.

1. a (yinping)
2. á (shangsheng)
3. à (yinqu)
4. ah (yinru)
5. â (yangping)
6. ā (yangqu)
7. a̍h (yangru)

Examples for the seven tones: chhiūⁿ 象 (elephant), pà 豹 (leopard), bé 馬 (horse), ti 豬 (pig), chôa 蛇 (snake), ah 鴨 (duck), lo̍k 鹿 (deer)

[edit] Sample phrases

Hello!

Dí hō, dí hō? (lit. "[Are] you well, you well?)

I don't know.

Guá m̄ zai yaⁿ.

Do you know how to speak Lan-nang?

Dí eh-hiao kong Lan-nang-oé bâ?

Where is the soap?

Hï-gé sá-bun tí-to-lò'?

Note: 'sá-bun', though sounds similar to the Tagalog sabon, is not borrowed from that language. In Taiwanese, which is a variation of Minnan that is not influenced by Tagalog, it is pronounced as sap-bûn. Etymologically speaking, perhaps both Taiwanese and Tagalog ultimately derive sap-bûn/sabon from the Romance languages that had brought the concept of soap to them (Portuguese sabão and Spanish jabón respectively).

Can you get me a glass?

Dí e zuì-dit ká-oá tuè ji pui bo?

Note: "Ji pui" (一杯) literally means "one glass" and fluent speakers of the language use this. However, the Tagalog word "baso" is also sometimes used.

Do you eat noodles?

Dí e ziá' mì bâ?

Note: Some people would use the Tagalog "pansit" instead of "mi" for noodles. But this does not happen often.

Do you eat sweet potatoes?

Dí e ziá' ka-mú-ti bâ?

Note: 'ka-mú-ti' is borrowed from Tagalog kamote, and ultimately from Spanish camote.

When are you going to China?

Dí ti-si beh'-khï Tňg-soaⁿ?

Note: 'Tňg-soaⁿ(唐山)', meaning China, is the colloquial term for 'Tiong-kok (中國)'. In the Lan-nang variant of the Amoy dialect, the former is more used.

His friend is in the hospital

Yi e siong-hó ti piⁿ-chù.

Note: 'siong-hó' (相好), meaning "friend", is the colloquial term for 'pêng-iú' (朋友), while 'piⁿ-chù' (病厝), meaning "hospital" or "house for the sick", is the colloquial term for 'yi-î'.

Where are you going?

Dí beh'-khí to-lò'?

[edit] Geographic Spread

Lan-nang-ōe is spoken throughout the Philippines where there are significant numbers of Min Nan Chinese. Cities in the Philippines that have a significant number of Chinese include Metro Manila, Angeles City, Davao City, Vigan, Ilocos Sur, San Fernando City, Pampanga, Ilagan, Isabela, Cauayan City, Cabatuan, Isabela, Naga City, Cebu City, Iloilo City, Bacolod City, Cagayan de Oro City, and Zamboanga City.

[edit] Uniqueness

Although Lan-nang-ōe is generally mutually comprehensible with both Min Nan and Taiwanese, certain words in Lan-nang-ōe are only used in the Philippines. Often, this results in confusion in Lan-nang-ōe speakers, especially in China. Other aspects of Lan-nang-ōe's uniqueness is its massive use of Min Nan colloquial words (see Sample Phrases above). Because there is an absence of a central agency governing Lan-nang-ōe, various subvarieties have developed. In Cebu, for example, instead of Tagalog, Cebuano words are also incorporated. The vast majority of the Chinese who came to the Philippines had their ancestral roots in China, so Lan-nang-ōe is closer to the Min Nan dialects spoken in China.

[edit] See also

• Filipino Chinese
• Min Nan
• Taiwanese language
• Teochew dialect of Min Nan
• Penang Hokkien

[edit] Notes

v • d • e Languages of the Philippines National language Filipino Official languages English • Filipino Recognized regional languages Bikol • Cebuano • Hiligaynon • Ilokano • Kapampangan • Kinaray-a • Maguindanao • Maranao • Pangasinan • Tagalog • Tausug • Waray-Waray Recognized auxiliary languages Arabic • Spanish Language groups Borneo-Philippines {Central Philippine (Bikol {Inland • Pandan} • Visayan {Aklan • Bisakol}) • (Batanic • Sambalic)}