User:JonSDSUGrad/Sandbox/TEST7 PTGS2

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase)

Identifiers

PTGS2; COX2; PGG/HS; COX-2; PGHS-2; PHS-2; hCox-2

External IDs

OMIM: 600262 MGI: 97798 HomoloGene: 31000

Gene ontology
Molecular Function:	• prostaglandin biosynthetic process • peroxidase activity • prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity • iron ion binding • nucleus • cytoplasm • fatty acid biosynthetic process • cell motility • blood pressure regulation • membrane • oxidoreductase activity • oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen • cyclooxygenase pathway • keratinocyte differentiation • anagen • metal ion binding • regulation of inflammatory response

Orthologs

Human

Mouse

n/a

Refseq

NM_000963 (mRNA)
NP_000954 (protein)

NM_011198 (mRNA)
NP_035328 (protein)

Location

Chr 1: 184.91 - 184.92 Mb

Chr 1: 151.86 - 151.87 Mb

Pubmed search

[1]

[2]

[edit] Summary

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1 and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes PTGS2, which shows 86% - 89% amino acid sequence identity with mouse, rat, sheep, bovine, horse and rabit PTGS2 proteins, respectively. Human PTGS2 is expressed in a limited number of cell types and regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis. The expression of this gene is deregulated in epithelial tumors.^[1]

[edit] References

^ Entrez Gene: PTGS2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H synthase and cyclooxygenase). Retrieved on 2007-08-07.

[edit] Further reading

Richards JA, Petrel TA, Brueggemeier RW (2002). "Signaling pathways regulating aromatase and cyclooxygenases in normal and malignant breast cells.". The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology 80 (2): 203-12. PMID 11897504.
Koki AT, Khan NK, Woerner BM, Seibert K, Harmon JL, Dannenberg AJ, Soslow RA, Masferrer JL (2003). "Characterization of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) during tumorigenesis in human epithelial cancers: evidence for potential clinical utility of COX-2 inhibitors in epithelial cancers.". Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids 66 (1): 13-8. doi:10.1054/plef.2001.0335. PMID 12051953.
Saukkonen K, Rintahaka J, Sivula A, Buskens CJ, Van Rees BP, Rio MC, Haglund C, Van Lanschot JJ, Offerhaus GJ, Ristimaki A (2003). "Cyclooxygenase-2 and gastric carcinogenesis.". APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica 111 (10): 915-25. PMID 14616542.
Sinicrope FA, Gill S (2004). "Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in colorectal cancer.". Cancer metastasis reviews 23 (1-2): 63-75. PMID 15000150.
Jain S, Khuri FR, Shin DM (2004). "Prevention of head and neck cancer: current status and future prospects.". Current problems in cancer 28 (5): 265-86. PMID 15375804.
Saba N, Jain S, Khuri F (2004). "Chemoprevention in lung cancer.". Current problems in cancer 28 (5): 287-306. PMID 15375805.
Cardillo I, Spugnini EP, Verdina A, Galati R, Citro G, Baldi A (2006). "Cox and mesothelioma: an overview.". Histology and histopathology 20 (4): 1267-74. PMID 16136507.
Brueggemeier RW, DÃaz-Cruz ES (2006). "Relationship between aromatase and cyclooxygenases in breast cancer: potential for new therapeutic approaches.". Minerva endocrinologica 31 (1): 13-26. PMID 16498361.
Fujimura T, Ohta T, Oyama K, Miyashita T, Miwa K (2006). "Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the carcinogenesis of gastrointestinal tract cancers: a review and report of personal experience.". World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 12 (9): 1336-45. PMID 16552798.
Bingham S, Beswick PJ, Blum DE, Gray NM, Chessell IP (2007). "The role of the cylooxygenase pathway in nociception and pain.". Seminars in cell & developmental biology 17 (5): 544-54. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2006.09.001. PMID 17071117.