User:James Frankcom

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James Frankcom was born in Surrey and currently lives in London. He has a strong academic interest in dark-age and early medieval British history. Other areas of interest include heraldry, vexilology, genealogy, monarchies and current affairs.

[edit] Contributions by the author

James Frankcom has founded and/or largely written the following pages;

He has researched and published banners of the arms of several Welsh princely houses and realms and has established the historic and heraldic difference between the Arms attributed to Gwynedd and those attributed to Glyndwr. It is this which he is most proud.

[edit] Welsh Royal Standards & Banners

Date	Use	Description
1401 - 1416	Banner adopted by Owain Glyndŵr and thought to be derived from the counter-charged arms of the princely Houses of Mathrafal and Dinefwr. It is currently in use by the National Eisteddfod for Wales, Cymdeithas yr iaith and widely amongst independentist groups	Quarterly Or and Gules, four Lions rampant counter-charged
c.1195 - 1378	Banner of the princely House of Aberffraw and the Kingdom of Gwynedd famously used by Llywelyn the Great, Llywelyn the Last and Owain Lawgoch. The English Prince of Wales uses a version of this flag today emblazoned with a Crown on a green shield	Quarterly Or and Gules, four Lions passant guardant counter-charged langued and armed Azur
c.1100 - c.1400	Banner of the princely House of Mathrafal used during the early Middle Ages by the rulers of Powys, Powys Wenwynwyn and later by their heirs the de la Pole (Powysian) dynasty. Modern use is rare	Or a Lion rampant Gules langued and armed Azur
c.1100 - c.1300	Banner of the princely House of Dinefwr and the Kingdom of Deheubarth, a realm which covered much of south Wales. The banner would have been used during the early Middle Ages and later by the Talbot dynasty who inherited the arms. Modern use is rare	Gules a Lion rampant Or, a border engrailed of the last
c.1240 - 1282	Banner of the personal arms of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd	Argent three Lions passant Gules
c.1160 - c.1350	Banner of Madog ap Gruffudd Maelor, and later the Banner of Powys Fadog	Argent a Lion rampant Sable langued and armed Gules
1400? - 1416?	Banner known as Y Ddraig Aur or "The Golden Dragon" which has ancient origins. It was famously raised over Caernarvon in 1400 by Owain Glyndwr prior to the storming of the town and seizing of the castle	Argent a dragon rampant Or

He has also drawn a series of maps to illustrate the administrative sub-divisions of pre-conquest Gwynedd and Wales

Principal administrative divisions of medieval Gwynedd (traditional territorial extent)

Division of Gwynedd in 1247 following the succession of the brothers Owain (whose lands are shown in dark green) and Llywelyn (light green) ap Gruffudd. The Commote of Cymydmaen (gold) was granted to Dafydd ap Gruffudd by Owain when he reached majority in 1252 (Source: J. Beverley Smith)

Principality of Wales c.1267 - 1277 made up of the lands ruled directly by Llywelyn (shown in green) and the lands of his vassals (shown in blue). Source: J. Beverley Smith

The division of Gwynedd following the Treaty of Aberconwy in 1277. Llywelyn continued to rule west of the River Conwy (indicated in green). The Perfeddwlad east of the Conwy was divided between Dafydd ap Gruffudd (shown in gold) and areas ceded forever to the English Crown (shown in red).

In addition to this he has made a major contribution to the following pages;