Template:Infobox carbon

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

6 boron ← carbon → nitrogen - ↑ C ↓ Si Periodic table - Extended periodic table
General
Name, symbol, number	carbon, C, 6
Chemical series	nonmetals
Group, period, block	14, 2, p
Appearance	black (graphite) colorless (diamond)
Standard atomic weight	12.0107(8) g·mol−1
Electron configuration	1s2 2s2 2p2
Electrons per shell	2, 4
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	(graphite) 1.9-2.3[1] g·cm−3
Density (near r.t.)	(diamond) 3.5-3.53[1] g·cm−3
Density (near r.t.)	(fullerene) 1.69[1] g·cm−3
Heat of fusion	(graphite) ? 100 kJ·mol−1
Heat of fusion	(diamond) ? 120 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	715 kJ·mol−1
Specific heat capacity	(25 °C) (graphite) 8.517 J·mol−1·K−1
Specific heat capacity	(25 °C) (diamond) 6.115 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure (graphite) P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T/K   2839 3048 3289 3572 3908
Atomic properties
Crystal structure	(graphite) hexagonal
Oxidation states	4, 3 [2], 2, 1 [3], 0, -1, -2, -3, -4[4] (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	2.55 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 1086.5 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 2352.6 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 4620.5 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	70 pm
Atomic radius (calc.)	67 pm
Covalent radius	77 pm
Van der Waals radius	170 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(graphite) 1.375*10-5 [5]Ω·m
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) (graphite) (80–230) W·m−1·K−1
Thermal conductivity	(300 K) (diamond) (900–2320) W·m−1·K−1
Thermal diffusivity	(300 K) (diamond) (503–1300) mm²/s
Mohs hardness	(graphite) 1-2 [6]
Mohs hardness	(diamond) 10.0 [6]
CAS registry number	7440-44-0
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of carbon iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 15 12C 98.9% 12C is stable with 6 neutrons 13C 1.1% 13C is stable with 7 neutrons 14C trace 5730 y beta- 0.156 14N
References
This box: view • talk • edit