Hindustan

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For other uses, see Hindustan (disambiguation).

Hindustan (Hindi: हिन्दुस्तान [Hindustān], Urdu: ہندوستان [Hindustān], [ɦɪn̪d̪ʊst̪aːn]) is one of the popular names of India. The meaning of Hindustan has evolved over the years and today it primarily refers to India.[1]

Contents

[edit] Etymology

Hindustan is derived from the (Persian) word Hindu, which is itself is derived from Sindhu, Sanskrit for the Indus River [2][3] and together with a popular suffix -stān, which in Sanskrit also means a place (Sthana)[4][5], gave birth to the word, 'Hindustan', which was rendered as, Hindusthan [6].

[edit] Uses of the word, 'Hindustan'

Though not one of the official names of India, Hindustan still retains its importance as it gives culture identity to the North Indian ethos, amidst the varied Culture of India; along with another word that evolved from it - the adjective, Hindustani, used to define the people of Hindustan, their language, Hindustani language, and also their music, Hindustani classical music.

[edit] Ethnicity

The adjective Hindustani is a term applied to the syncretic Hindu culture of South Asia. Hindustani is sometimes also used as an ethnic term applied to South Asia. (e.g., A West Indian man with roots in South Asia might describe his ethnicity by saying he is Hindustani. For example, Hindoestanen, a Dutch word used to describe people of South Asian origin, in Netherlands and Suriname.

[edit] Geographical areas

Throughout history, Hindustan meant northern India, though it was often used to represent for all of India [6].

Further, it may relate to various aspects belonging to three geographical areas, namely the modern 'Republic of India'. Historically, the 'Indian subcontinent' during the medieval times. Or, a region in northern India, east and south of Yamuna river, between the Vindhya mountains and the Himalayas, where Hindi / Hindustani language is spoken.

[edit] See also

[edit] Further reading

  • A Sketch of the History of Hindustan from the First Muslim Conquest to the Fall of the Mughol Empire by H. G. Keene [7]
  • STORY OF INDIA THROUGH THE AGES; An Entertaining History of Hindustan, to the Suppression of the Mutiny, by Flora Annie Steel, 1909 E.P. Dutton and Co., New York [8].
  • The History of Hindustan: Post Classical and Modern, Ed. B.S. Danniya and Alexander Dow. 2003, Motilal Banarsidass, ISBN 8120819934. [9].

[edit] References

  1. ^ Sindh: An Introduction
  2. ^ Significance of Hindu and Hindu dharma (Hinduism) Sindhu is a river in Sanskrit, in Persian it becomes Hindu.
  3. ^ Lipner 1998, pp. 7–8
  4. ^ Guardian Unlimited: What does -istan" mean as in Pakistan, Uzbekistan or Afghanistan?
  5. ^ Sri Lanka: Sanskritic loans in modern Sinhala
  6. ^ a b Hindustan. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. (2007). Retrieved on 2007-05-02.
  7. ^ Hindustan The English Historical Review, Vol. 2, No. 5 (Jan., 1887), pp. 180-181.
  8. ^ Flora Annie Steel Book Review, February 20, 1909, New York Times.
  9. ^ .History of Hindustan (First published: 1770-1772). Dow had succeeded his father as the private secretary of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.