Georgia State Capitol
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| Georgia State Capitol | |
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| (U.S. National Historic Landmark) | |
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| Location: | Atlanta, Georgia |
| Coordinates: | Coordinates: |
| Built/Founded: | 1889 |
| Architect: | Edbrooke and Burnham[1] |
| Architectural style(s): | Renaissance, Classical Revival[1] |
| Added to NRHP: | 1971 |
| NRHP Reference#: | 71001099[1] |
| Governing body: | State of Georgia |
The Georgia State Capitol, in Atlanta, Georgia, in the United States, is an architecturally and historically significant building. It has been named a National Historic Landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In addition, it is the working center of Georgia's government. The offices of the governor, lieutenant governor, and secretary of state are on the second floor, while the General Assembly meets on the third floor from January to April. There are also visitors' galleries and a museum on the fourth floor.
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[edit] History
The capitol site was previously the first Atlanta City Hall. In getting the state to change the capital city to rapidly-growing and industrialized Atlanta from rural Milledgeville, the city donated it to the state. The first capitol in Louisville no longer stands, while Augusta and Savannah before it never had particular capitol buildings, perhaps causing (or caused by) the alternation of those two cities as capital. The legislature also met at other places, including Macon, especially during and just after the Atlanta Campaign of the American Civil War.
[edit] Architecture
Like many U.S. state capitols, the Georgia State Capitol is designed to resemble the Renaissance architecural style of the United States Capitol, in Washington, D.C.. Completed in 1889, the building was designed by architects Willoughby J. Edbrooke and Franklin P. Burnham, of Chicago, Illinois. The building was constructed by Miles and Horne, of Toledo, Ohio. Sculptor George Crouch executed all the ornamental work on the building.
The front of the capitol faces west on Washington Street. The façade features a four-story portico, with stone pediment, supported by six Corinthian columns set on large stone piers. Georgia's coat of arms, with two figures on each side, is engraved on the pediment. The Capitol's interior reflects the Victorian style of its day. It was among the earliest buildings to have elevators, central steam heat, and combination gas and electric lights. Classical pilasters and oak paneling are used throughout the building. The floors of the interior are made of marble from Pickens County, which still produces marble products today.
The open central rotunda is flanked by two wings, each with a grand staircase and three-story atrium crowned by clerestory windows. The Capitol building has undergone frequent renovations to adapt to the growth and change of government. Originally constructed from terra cotta and covered with tin, the present dome is gilded with native gold leaf from near Dahlonega in Lumpkin County, where the first American gold rush occurred in the 1830s. For this reason, legislative business is often referred to as what is happening "under the gold dome" by media across the state. The statue Miss Freedom has adorned the dome since the building's opening.
[edit] Georgia Capitol Museum
The museum within the Capitol, in existence since 1889, houses extensive collections reflecting the natural and cultural history of Georgia. Native American artifacts, animals, rocks and minerals, and fossils illustrate the diversity of the collections. During restoration or renovation, most of the collection remains in storage. In addition to the museum, the entire building acts as a museum. The portraits of governors, statues of famous Georgians, and historic flags from many wars are displayed throughout the Capitol.
Today, the Georgia Capitol Museum is a public education institution in the Office of the Secretary of State. The museum seeks to preserve and interpret the history of the Georgia Capitol in Atlanta, the functions of the government, and the events that haven taken place in the Capitol. To carry out this purpose, the museum collects, preserves, and interprets artifacts relating to the Capitol or associated with the events that have occurred there.
[edit] Dimensions
- Greatest north–south: 347 feet, 9 inches (105.99 meters)
- Greatest central depth: 272 feet, 4.5 inches (83.02 meters)
- Second-Floor Rotunda to ceiling: 187 feet, 4 inches (57.10 meters)
- Dome diameter: 75 feet (22.86 meters)
[edit] Georgia's old capitol museum
Georgia's second capitol building is at 201 East Greene Street, Milledgeville, Georgia, and served as state capitol until 1867. The building was severely damaged by a fire March 24, 1941[2] and was rebuilt in its former design to serve as a part of Georgia Military College.[3] The first floor of the old capitol is open as a museum.
[edit] References
- ^ a b c National Register of Historical Places - Georgia (GA), Fulton County. National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service (2007-02-25).
- ^ HABS Survey GA-137
- ^ Edwin L. Jackson. Carl Vinson Institute of Government. The University of Georgia. The story of Georgia's capitols and capital cities.
[edit] External links
[edit] Current State Capitol
- Georgia State Capitol
- GeorgiaInfo.com listing/pictures of Statues and Monuments at the State Capitol complex
- Atlanta, Georgia, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary
- Georgia State Capitol is at coordinates Coordinates:
[edit] Old State Capitol
- Georgia State Capitol is at coordinates Coordinates:
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