Erythema multiforme
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| Erythema multiforme Classification and external resources |
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| ICD-10 | L51. |
|---|---|
| DiseasesDB | 4450 |
| MedlinePlus | 000851 |
| eMedicine | derm/137 |
Erythema multiforme is a skin condition of unknown etiology, possibly mediated by deposition of immune complex ( mostly IgM ) in the superficial microvasculature of the skin and oral mucous membrane that usually follows an antecedent infection or drug exposure. It is a common disorder, with peak incidence in the second and third decades of life.
The condition varies from a mild, self-limited rash (E. multiforme minor) to a severe, life-threatening form known as erythema multiforme major (or erythema multiforme majus) that also involves mucous membranes. This severe form may be related to Stevens-Johnson syndrome. The mild form is far more common than the severe form.
The mild form usually presents with mildly itchy, pink-red blotches, symmetrically arranged and starting on the extremities. It often takes on the classical "target lesion" appearance, with a pink-red ring around a pale center. Resolution within 7-10 days is the norm.
The most common predisposing infection is Herpes simplex, but bacterial infections (commonly Mycoplasma) and fungal diseases are also implicated. Other causes include drug reactions, most commonly to sulfa drugs, phenytoin, barbiturates, penicillin, and allopurinol, or a host of internal ailments. The human form of orf can also cause erythema multiforme.
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