Delta Zeta

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Delta Zeta (ΔΖ)

Founded	October 24, 1902 (1902-10-24) (age 105) Miami University, (Oxford, Ohio)
Type	Social
Scope	International
Colors	Rose and Green^[1]
Symbol	Roman lamp
Flower	Pink Killarney Rose
Jewel	Diamond
Publication	The LAMP of Delta Zeta
Philanthropy	Speech and Hearing; The Painted Turtle, The Starkey Hearing Foundation
Members	207,000^[2] currently lifetime
Headquarters	202 East Church Street Oxford, Ohio, USA
Homepage	http://www.deltazeta.org

Delta Zeta (ΔΖ) is a college sorority founded on October 24, 1902, at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. Today, Delta Zeta has 165 college chapters in the United States and 250 alumnae chapters in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. In total there are over 207,000 college and alumnae members. In 2007, the sorority received a great deal of media attention regarding a controversy at DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana where the national organization was accused of placing members on alumnae status based on appearance and not on the women's commitment to recruitment, as the organization asserts.

1 History
2 Philanthropy
3 The Delta Zeta Foundation
4 Mission statement
5 DePauw University controversy
6 Notable alumnae
7 Collegiate Chapters
8 References
9 External links
- 9.1 Philanthropy

[edit] History

In 1902, Dr. Guy Potter Benton was elected as the new President of Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. One of the first things that Dr. Benton did was to allow young women to enroll in the previously all-male University. That coming fall, six of the newly admitted female students organized the first sorority chapter, an idea that was widely accepted due to the three fraternities that already existed.

Seeking help in the planning of such an organization, the six women consulted Dr. Benton. He was familiar with the processes of a Greek organization due to his membership in Phi Delta Theta fraternity and therefore became a helpful resource for the girls in the establishment of the first Delta Zeta chapter. The six women faced harassment for wanting to form a sorority. One account tells of a person stealing the constitution from the hand of the group's secretary, however Dr. Benton pursued the offender and was able to get the constitution back.

The new member pin

It was on October 24, 1902, that the Department of the State of Ohio issued formal Articles of Incorporation establishing the Delta Zeta Sorority. The founding members were stated as follows; Alfa Lloyd Hayes, Mary Jane Collins, Anna Louise Keen, Julia Lawrence Bishop, Mabelle May Minton, and Anne Dial Simmons.

Delta Zeta Founders

Dr. Benton aided in preparation of a ritual, badge, and colors. Four new members soon became part of the sisterhood, Elizabeth Coulter being the first. Dr. Benton was named as Grand Patron, and became the first and only man to ever wear the Delta Zeta badge.

The ΔΖ badge

The sorority joined the National Panhellenic Conference in 1910. The year 2002 marked the 100th year and Centennial Celebration for Delta Zeta. Chapters nationwide celebrated the event as well as a special convocation during the summer at the Delta Zeta National Convention.

[edit] Philanthropy

The sorority supports several programs for the hearing and speech impaired. The national philanthropic project is the Sound Beginnings Program which raises awareness for newborn hearing screening. Individual chapters are also involved in fundraising for Gallaudet University, and programs such as House Ear Institute.

In 2006 Delta Zeta partnered with The Painted Turtle and The Starkey Hearing Foundation; adding both to the national philanthropic project.^[3]

[edit] The Delta Zeta Foundation

The Delta Zeta Foundation is a non-profit entity within the organization that provides various scholarships to members of the sorority as well as providing funds for leadership, philanthropy and education programs.

[edit] Mission statement

Article II "The purpose of this sorority shall be to unite its members in the bonds of sincere and lasting friendship, to stimulate one another in the pursuit of knowledge, to promote the moral and social culture of its members, and to develop plans for guidance and unity in action; objects worthy of the highest aim and purpose of associated effort."

[edit] DePauw University controversy

At the end of 2006, the Delta Chapter of Delta Zeta at DePauw University became enmeshed in a controversy that would eventually make national headlines and result in the chapter's closing. Founded in 1909, the Delta chapter was the sorority's second oldest active chapter and its fourth oldest chapter overall. Despite its long history at DePauw, however, the Delta chapter in recent years had struggled with declining membership and acquired a negative reputation on campus.^[4]

[edit] Background

In August 2006, national representatives, concerned about the Delta chapter's inability to recruit new members, announced that the chapter would be closed at the end of the 2006–7 school year if they failed to increase their numbers substantially or elected not to participate in active recruitment or informal rush.^[5] At a school where an estimated 70% of the student body belongs to a fraternity or sorority, the ΔΖ house was two-thirds empty. According to some former members, the chapter was known on campus as "The Dog House,"^[6] and a DePauw psychology professor's survey of students found that ΔΖ was considered "socially awkward." The sorority attracted "brainy women" many with science and math majors along with the gifted disabled.^[4] Many current members felt that it might be in their best interest to let the chapter close without recruiting new members.^[5] In anticipation of Delta's 2009 centennial, ΔΖ Executive Director Cynthia Winslow Menges had originally planned to close the chapter temporarily.^[7] In September 2006, however, the university informed ΔΖ headquarters that if the chapter were closed, it would not be allowed to reopen on the sorority's chosen timetable.^[5]

In an emergency attempt to salvage the chapter, a team of national officers came to the university in November 2006 to conduct a membership review, interviewing women individually about their dedication to the sorority. (Delta Zeta representatives have repeatedly asserted that they undertook the review on the advice of the university, whereas DePauw officials "vehemently" deny this.^[8]) A few days after the interview process, the national team with women from ΔΖ's Epsilon Chapter at nearby Indiana University held a recruiting event in the house, where some allege 25 of the chapter members were asked not to participate and to remain out of sight. A February 25, 2007, New York Times article quoted one former Delta Chapter member as saying, "They had these unassuming freshman girls downstairs with these plastic women from Indiana University, and 25 of my sisters hiding upstairs. It was so fake, so completely dehumanized."^[4]

Subsequently, 23 out of 35 active members, including Delta's president, were assigned early alumna status and asked to vacate the house.^[4] (Four members had resigned in September after the review was announced,^[5] and three others who were living off-campus at the time have claimed they were never contacted about their membership status.) Former members later told university officials that when they first learned of the review, they were led to believe that they would be allowed to decide for themselves whether to continue their involvement in the sorority,^[9] but in early December 2006—shortly before finals week at DePauw—national headquarters sent out letters informing members that they were either still active or had been recommended for alumnae status and were to move out of the house by the end of January 2007. Each new alumna received $300 to cover the difference between sorority housing and campus housing; nonetheless, many of the women were unsure that they would find another place to live. The university eventually found housing for the evicted women.^[4]

In the months following the review, reports began appearing on the Internet alleging that the evicted women had been threatened with expulsion if they refused to take alumnae status, and accusing the national team of choosing which women got to stay active according to their perceived attractiveness. In response to growing criticism from DePauw students and administrators, Delta Zeta representatives stated that the women who had been asked to leave lacked commitment to the chapter's future, but according to the New York Times report, the 23 evicted members included all of the overweight women in the chapter, as well as 3 of the 4 minorities; conversely, the 12 women invited to stay "were slender and popular with fraternity men," but eventually half of that group also resigned as a show of solidarity.^[4] In the days following the NYT article, other national media outlets picked up the story, including CNN, CBS News, Good Morning America, MSNBC, Newsweek, and People. On February 19, 2007, DePauw President Robert Bottoms formally reprimanded Delta Zeta's national headquarters for its actions and instituted a new rule requiring that all housed fraternities and sororities at the university provide housing for their members throughout the school year, except when risk-management violations or behavioral problems make eviction necessary.^[9]

During a February 26 interview with Paula Zahn of CNN, Menges denied the chapter's allegations of discrimination based on religion, race, or ethnicity and maintained that the 23 affected women left voluntarily. She also justified the reorganization on the grounds that the chapter had voted to close anyway and that DePauw officials would not guarantee ΔΖ an opportunity to return in the near future. Asked whether appearance had played a part in the evictions, Menges did not directly respond.^[10]

On March 1, 2007, Delta Zeta headquarters announced that it would no longer respond to media inquiries about the DePauw chapter.^[11] As of March 6, the sorority's national Web site features an apology to the evicted students but still includes a letter calling into question those women's loyalty to the chapter and blaming them in part for its recent struggles.^[12]

On March 12, 2007, Bottoms withdrew Delta Zeta's status as a recognized campus organization, stating that the national organization's values, as demonstrated by the evictions, are not compatible with the university's. The sorority was required to leave DePauw following the conclusion of the 2006–2007 academic year.^[13]^[14] Delta Zeta responded with a statement on the front page of its Web site expressing disappointment with Bottoms's decision and reiterating its position that the review was necessary, but conceding that the 23 alumnae should probably have been notified of their change in status in person and at a different point in the school year.^[15] Bottoms characterized the New York Times story as inaccurate and a misrepresentation of the school.^[16]

Meanwhile, 10 Delta Chapter alumnae have formed a college-sanctioned student organization, Psi Lambda Xi, with the goal of becoming a new sorority. A founder said, "The founding purpose of the sorority is to promote a positive self-image in each other, the University and the community."^[17]

[edit] Legal actions

On March 29, 2007, it was reported in the New York Times that Delta Zeta's national office, based in Oxford, Ohio, had filed suit in U.S. Federal District Court in Indianapolis against DePauw University for expelling the sorority from campus.^[18] The university said the lawsuit completely lacks merit. "From the beginning, DePauw University has acted to protect its students."^[19] In November, 2007, Delta Zeta withdrew the lawsuit and DePauw agreed that the sorority will have the opportunity to compete with other sororities attempting to colonize a chapter on the campus beginning in academic year 2010/11.^[20]^[21]

Meanwhile, eight former members hired an attorney seeking an apology and other corrective actions from Delta Zeta's national office. If negotiations fail, they will consider filing a lawsuit.^[22]

In 1999, eight former members of the sorority's Alpha Theta Chapter at the University of Kentucky sued the national organization, claiming they had been forced to take early alumnae status based on their appearance during a similar reorganization. ΔΖ settled the lawsuit in 2001. The attorney who represented the women from Kentucky called the sorority's actions toward the DePauw chapter "egregious."^[23]

[edit] DePauw University student responses

In response to the controversy, Delta's six remaining active members issued a statement alleging that their chapter had been misrepresented in the original New York Times article.^[4] They claimed that one of their current members had offered an opposing viewpoint to Sam Dillon, the reporter who wrote the story, but that her comments were not used. They went on to deny the allegations that "race, weight, and academic majors were used as criteria in the membership review process".^[24]

Concern was expressed by other students that at a meeting held February 2, 2007, an educational leadership consultant from Delta Zeta national stated, "Image, I'm not going to lie to you, is a huge part of it."^[25]

Since the reorganization and before the national publicity, 8 of 11 freshman women who received invitations to join Delta Zeta during formal recruitment chose not to become members. One said, "We all got together and talked about it and tried to have an open mind. But all of us were really against what they did, and we didn't want to be associated with it."^[7]

[edit] Texas Christian University reacts to controversy

Texas Christian University selected Gamma Phi Beta International Sorority over Delta Zeta as a new member of its Panhellenic community on February 28, 2007.^[26] "It will be a concern because if you bring on a sorority with nationwide conflict," said the Panhellenic director of recruitment, "that's taking a big liability." The Panhellenic president stated that the recent events at DePauw were a factor in the decision.^[27]

[edit] Notable alumnae

For a full list of notable Delta Zeta alumnae please visit here. [4]

Mercedes Bates (Theta) – first female corporate officer of General Mills Foods. After being appointed to head the Betty Crocker division, she was often referred to as "Betty Crocker".^[28]
Joy Behar – host of The View on ABC^[29]
Marti Dodson (Theta) – lead singer for national recording artist, Saving Jane^[30]
Nanette Fabray (Xi Omicron) – actress, worked to bring sign language and captioning to television^[31]
Edith Head (Alumna Initiate, Mu) – Emmy Award-winning designer; 7-time Oscar winner in costume design^[32]
Florence Henderson (Alumna Initiate, Alpha Chi) – actress, (The Brady Bunch)^[33]
Maurine Brown Neuberger (Omega) – former US Senator^[29]
Pat Priest (Alpha Chi) – actress, (The Munsters)^[29]
Ivy Baker Priest (Alpha Chi) – Former United States Treasurer^[29]
Marcia Wallace (Delta Nu) – TV and stage actress^[34]
Kay Yow (Zeta Lambda) – women's basketball Coach, NC State^[35]