Cripple Creek, Colorado
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| City of Cripple Creek, Colorado | |
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| Coordinates: | |
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| Country |  United States |
| State |  State of Colorado |
| County | Teller County Seat[1] |
| Incorporated | June 9, 1892[2] |
| Government | |
| - Type | Statutory City[1] |
| - Mayor | Ed Libby[3] |
| Area | |
| - Total | 1.1 sq mi (2.9 km²) |
| - Land | 1.1 sq mi (2.9 km²) |
| - Water | 0 sq mi (0 km²) |
| Elevation | 9,494 ft (2,894 m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - Total | 1,115 |
| - Density | 1,013.6/sq mi (384.5/km²) |
| Time zone | MST (UTC-7) |
| - Summer (DST) | MDT (UTC-6) |
| ZIP Code[4] | 80813 |
| Area code(s) | 719 |
| FIPS code | 08-18530 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0204769 |
| Website: City of Cripple Creek | |
The historic City of Cripple Creek is a statutory city that is the county seat of Teller County, Colorado, United States.[5] Cripple Creek is a former gold mining camp located 44 miles (71 km) southwest of Colorado Springs near the base of Pikes Peak. The Cripple Creek Historic District, which received National Historic Landmark status in 1961, includes part or all of city and includes surrounding area.
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[edit] History
At an elevation of 9,494 feet and just below timberline, for many years Cripple Creek's high valley was considered no more important than a cattle pasture. Many prospectors avoided the area after the misnamed Mount Pisgah hoax, a mini gold rush caused by salting (adding gold to worthless rock).[6]
In 1891, however, rich ore was found and the last great Colorado gold rush was on. Thousands of prospectors flocked to the region, and before long W. S. Stratton located the famous Independence lode, one of the largest gold strikes in history. By 1900 Cripple Creek and its sister city, Victor, were substantial communities.
During the 1890s, many of the miners in the Cripple Creek area joined a miners' union, the Western Federation of Miners (WFM). A significant strike took place in 1894, marking one of the few times in history that a sitting governor called out the national guard to protect miners from forces under the control of the mine owners. By 1903 the allegiance of the state government had shifted, however, and Governor James Peabody sent the Colorado National Guard into Cripple Creek with the goal of destroying union power in the gold camps. The WFM strike of 1903 and the governor's response precipitated the Colorado Labor Wars, a struggle that took many lives.
Through 2005, the Cripple Creek district produced about 23.5 million troy ounces (731 tonnes) of gold. The old underground mines are exhausted, but open pit mining has operated since 1994 east of Cripple Creek, near its sister city of Victor, Colorado.
With many empty storefronts and picturesque homes, Cripple Creek once drew interest as a ghost town. At one point the population dropped to a few hundred, although Cripple Creek was never entirely deserted. In the 1970s and 1980s travelers on photo safari might find themselves in a beautiful decaying historic town. A few restaurants and bars catered to tourists who could drive by weathered empty homes with lace curtains still hanging in broken windows.
Colorado voters allowed Cripple Creek to establish legalized gambling in the early 1990s. Cripple Creek has a population of around 1500 residents and is currently more of a gambling and tourist town than a ghost town. Casinos now occupy many historic buildings. Casino gambling has been successful in bringing revenue and vitality back into the area.
[edit] Culture
The Cripple Creek and Victor Narrow Gauge Railroad, a narrow gauge train ride from Cripple Creek passes several small ghost towns, goldmines and glory holes. The Mollie Kathleen Gold Mine provides tours into a real gold mine led by a real gold miner.[7]
In 2006 Cripple Creek broke ground on the new Pikes Peak Heritage Center. This new building is being constructed during the 2006/2007 season and will cost over $2.5 million. The building will be over 11,000 square feet (1,000 m²) of educational displays. State of the art electronics will be used throughout the building and there will also be a large theatre showing historical films about the area. Admission will be free and there will be no retail space in the building, so as to enhance the educational experience of visitors.
Cripple Creek is also home to the Butte Opera House, a theatre first managed by the Mackin family (previous owners of the Imperial Hotel and producers of a long-running, much-loved melodrama theatre company). The Butte is currently the home of the Thin Air Theatre Company that produces shows year-round.
From May through October, Cripple Creek features events like Chili Cook-offs and Pony Express Races. Cripple Creek also features a 1200 seat outdoor concert venue with several concerts through the season.
Like many other mining towns of the Old West, Cripple Creek has a reputation for being haunted. Given its rich history, complete with mining accidents, floods, fires, lawlessness, and bloody battles between mine owners and labor unions, this comes as no surprise. In fact, there are so many tales of spirits wandering this historic town, that at one time boasted one homicide per day, believers say it is one of the most haunted cities in the United States.
[edit] Geography
Cripple Creek is located at (38.747294, -105.179283)[8].
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.1 square miles (2.9 km²), all of it land.
[edit] Volcanic history
The gold-bearing area of the Cripple Creek district was the core of an ancient volcano of six square miles. Cripple Creek is in the Thirtynine Mile volcanic field. Free gold was found near the surface but at depth unoxidized tellurides and sulfides were found.
[edit] Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
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| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1900 | 10,147 |
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| 1910 | 6,206 | −38.8% | |
| 1920 | 2,325 | −62.5% | |
| 1930 | 1,427 | −38.6% | |
| 1940 | 2,358 | 65.2% | |
| 1950 | 853 | −63.8% | |
| 1960 | 614 | −28% | |
| 1970 | 425 | −30.8% | |
| 1980 | 655 | 54.1% | |
As of the census[9] of 2000, there were 1,115 people, 494 households, and 282 families residing in the city. The population density was 988.7 people per square mile (381.0/km²). There were 737 housing units at an average density of 653.5/sq mi (251.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.29% White, 0.90% African American, 2.15% Native American, 0.81% Asian, 1.43% from other races, and 2.42% from two or more races. 6.01% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 494 households out of which 23.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.7% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.9% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 4.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.82.
In the city the population was spread out with 22.2% under the age of 18, 10.4% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 30.2% from 45 to 64, and 8.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 104.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $39,261, and the median income for a family was $41,685. Males had a median income of $27,600 versus $25,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,607. About 4.7% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.8% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.
Students are served by the Cripple Creek-Victor High School.
[edit] In popular culture and media
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This section does not cite any references or sources. (April 2008) Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unverifiable material may be challenged and removed. |
- The Band's 1969 eponymous album includes the song "Up on Cripple Creek", but places its location in Lake Charles, Louisiana.
- The Cripple Creek Theatre Company, which derives its name from The Band song, is located in New Orleans, Louisiana.
- Neil Young's 1970 album After the Gold Rush includes the song "Cripple Creek Ferry".
- Linda Goodman's novel Gooberz (1989) is set in Cripple Creek, where Goodman made her home.
- Vincent J. Cardinal's off-Broadway play, The Colorado Catechism (1990), takes place in a fictional rehabilitation center in Cripple Creek.
- A sandwich named the "Cripple Creek" is made by Colorado-based Silver Mine Subs, a national chain of submarine sandwich shops.
- A classic Bluegrass banjo tune called "Cripple Creek" has long been a favorite of banjo virtuosos.
- Craig T. Nelson got his start at the melodrama at the Imperial Hotel.
- Robert Bly's poem, "Condition of the Working Classes, 1970", from his 1973 book, Sleepers Joining Hands, mentions the town.
- Robert Bly's poem "After the Industrial Revolution, All Things Happen at Once," from his 1967 National Book Award winner, The Light Around the Body, mentions "the dead of Cripple Creek."
- Bob Dylan's 1962 song "Rambling, Gambling Willie, which appears on The Bootleg Series Volumes 1–3 (Rare & Unreleased) 1961–1991, released in 1991, mentions the town of Cripple Creek, located in the song in the Rocky Mountains, in the fourth verse.
[edit] See also
- Colorado municipalities
- Colorado Springs Metropolitan Statistical Area
- Front Range Urban Corridor
- Gold Belt Tour National Scenic and Historic Byway
- South Central Colorado Urban Area
- State of Colorado
- Teller County, Colorado
[edit] References
- ^ a b Active Colorado Municipalities (HTML). State of Colorado, Department of Local Affairs. Retrieved on 2007-09-01.
- ^ Colorado Municipal Incorporations (HTML). State of Colorado, Department of Personnel & Administration, Colorado State Archives (2004-12-01). Retrieved on 2007-09-02.
- ^ Mayor and City Council. City of Cripple Creek. Retrieved on 2007-08-14.
- ^ ZIP Code Lookup (JavaScript/HTML). United States Postal Service. Retrieved on September 6, 2007.
- ^ Find a County. National Association of Counties. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ Dan Plazak A Hole in the Ground with a liar at the Top (2006) ISBN 978-0-87480-840-7 (contains a chapter on the Mt. Pisgah hoax)
- ^ Feitz, L., (1968), Cripple Creek Railroads: The Rail Systems of the Gold Camp, Little London Press, Colorado Springs, ISBN 0-93656-415-6
- ^ US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990. United States Census Bureau (2005-05-03). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
- ^ American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
[edit] External links
- City of Cripple Creek website
- VisitCrippleCreek.com: Travel Website for Cripple Creek
- HauntedMines.org: Historic mines of Cripple Creek
- The Cripple Creek Inn: A pub in Wales UK, named after the Cripple Creek originally owned by a local from Cripple Creek in Colorado
- Western Mining History.com: Cripple Creek Photos and History
- Cripple Creek, Colorado is at coordinates Coordinates:
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